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Caleb Harper: This computer will grow your food in the future
Caleb Harper: Ovo će vam računalo uzgajati hranu u budućnosti
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Što kad bismo mogli uzgajati ukusnu i bogatu hranu, unutar udobnosti doma, bilo gdje u svijetu? Caleb Harper, upravitelj CitiFARM pri MIT Medijskom laboratoriju, želi promijeniti prehrambeni sustav povezujući uzgajatelje s tehnologijom. Upoznajte Harperova "prehrambena računala" i bacite pogled na što bi mogla nalikovati budućnost poljoprivrede.
Caleb Harper - Principal Investigator and Director of the Open Agriculture Initiative
Caleb Harper leads a group of engineers, architects, urban planners, economists and plant scientists in the exploration and development of high performance urban agricultural systems. Full bio
Caleb Harper leads a group of engineers, architects, urban planners, economists and plant scientists in the exploration and development of high performance urban agricultural systems. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Food crisis.
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Kriza hrane.
00:14
It's in the news every day.
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U vijestima je svaki dan.
00:16
But what is it?
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Ali što je to?
00:17
Some places in the world
it's too little food,
it's too little food,
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Nekim mjestima na svijetu
to je premalo hrane,
to je premalo hrane,
00:20
maybe too much.
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možda previše.
00:21
Other places, GMO is saving the world.
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Drugdje, GMO spašava svijet.
00:24
Maybe GMO is the problem?
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Možda je GMO problem?
00:27
Too much agricultural runoff
creating bad oceans, toxic oceans,
creating bad oceans, toxic oceans,
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Previše poljoprivrednog ispusta
stvara loše oceane, otrovne oceane,
stvara loše oceane, otrovne oceane,
00:30
attenuation of nutrition.
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razblaženje hranjivosti.
00:32
They go on and on.
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Nastavljaju dalje i dalje.
00:34
And I find the current climate
of this discussion
of this discussion
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I nalazim trenutnu klimu
ovih rasprava
ovih rasprava
00:38
incredibly disempowering.
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nevjerojatno onesposobljavajućom.
00:41
So how do we bring that
to something that we understand?
to something that we understand?
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Pa kako da to dovedemo
do nečega što svi razumijemo?
do nečega što svi razumijemo?
00:45
How is this apple food crisis?
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Kako je ova jabuka kriza hrane?
00:48
You've all eaten an apple
in the last week, I'm sure.
in the last week, I'm sure.
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Svi ste pojeli jabuku
u proteklom tjednu, siguran sam.
u proteklom tjednu, siguran sam.
00:51
How old do you think it was
from when it was picked?
from when it was picked?
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Što mislite koliko je bila
stara od trenutka kad je ubrana?
stara od trenutka kad je ubrana?
00:55
Two weeks?
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Dva tjedna?
00:56
Two months?
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Dva mjeseca?
00:58
Eleven months --
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Jedanaest mjeseci --
01:00
the average age of an apple
in a grocery store in the United States.
in a grocery store in the United States.
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Prosječna starost jabuke
u dućanu u Sjedinjenim državama.
u dućanu u Sjedinjenim državama.
01:03
And I don't expect it
to be much different in Europe
to be much different in Europe
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A ne očekujem
bitnu razliku u Europi
bitnu razliku u Europi
01:05
or anywhere else in the world.
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ili bilo gdje drugdje u svijetu.
01:07
We pick them,
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Beremo ih,
01:08
we put them in cold storage,
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spremamo ih u hladnjače,
01:10
we gas the cold storage --
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punimo hladnjače plinom --
01:12
there's actually documented proof
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postoje pravi dokumentirani dokazi
01:13
of workers trying to go
into these environments
into these environments
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o radnicima koji su
pokušali ući u ta okružja
pokušali ući u ta okružja
01:16
to retrieve an apple,
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kako bi dohvatili jabuku,
01:17
and dying,
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i umrli,
01:19
because the atmosphere
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jer je atmosfera
01:20
that they slow down the process
of the apple with is also toxic to humans.
of the apple with is also toxic to humans.
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kojom usporavaju procese
u jabuci također i otrovna za ljude.
u jabuci također i otrovna za ljude.
01:25
How is it that none of you knew this?
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Kako to da nitko od vas za to ne zna?
01:27
Why didn't I know this?
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Zašto ja za to nisam znao?
01:29
Ninety percent of the quality
of that apple --
of that apple --
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Devedeset posto kvalitete
ove jabuke --
ove jabuke --
01:31
all of the antioxidants -- are gone
by the time we get it.
by the time we get it.
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svi antioksidanti -- je nestalo
do trenutka kad je dobijemo.
do trenutka kad je dobijemo.
01:34
It's basically a little ball of sugar.
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To je zapravo mala loptica šećera.
01:38
How did we get so information poor
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Kako smo postali tako siromašni informacijama
01:40
and how can we do better?
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i kako bismo mogli bolje?
01:43
I think what's missing is a platform.
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Mislim kako nam nedostaje - platforma.
01:46
I know platforms -- I know computers,
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Znam platforme -- znam računala,
01:48
they put me on the Internet
when I was young.
when I was young.
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stavili su me na Internet
kad sam bio mlad.
kad sam bio mlad.
01:50
I did very weird things --
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Činio sam vrlo čudne stvari --
01:51
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:52
on this platform.
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na ovoj platformi.
01:54
But I met people,
and I could express myself.
and I could express myself.
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Ali sretao sam ljude,
i mogao sam se izraziti.
i mogao sam se izraziti.
01:56
How do you express yourself in food?
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Kako izraziš sebe kroz hranu?
01:58
If we had a platform,
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Kad bismo imali platformu,
02:00
we might feel empowered
to question: What if?
to question: What if?
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mogli bismo se osjetiti
opunomoćenima pitati: Što ako?
opunomoćenima pitati: Što ako?
02:04
For me, I questioned:
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Do mene, ja sam upitao:
02:05
What if climate was democratic?
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Što kad bi klima bila demokratska?
02:09
So, this is a map of climate in the world.
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Dakle, ovo je klimatska karta svijeta.
02:11
The most productive areas in green,
the least productive in red.
the least productive in red.
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Najproduktivnija su područja zelena,
najmanje produktivna su crvena.
najmanje produktivna su crvena.
02:15
They shift and they change,
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Pomiču se i mijenjaju,
02:16
and Californian farmers
now become Mexican farmers.
now become Mexican farmers.
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te Kalifornijski farmeri
sad postaju Meksički farmeri.
sad postaju Meksički farmeri.
02:19
China picks up land in Brazil
to grow better food,
to grow better food,
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Kina uzima zemlju u Brazilu
kako bi uzgajala bolju hranu,
kako bi uzgajala bolju hranu,
02:22
and we're a slave to climate.
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i zapravo robujemo klimi.
02:26
What if each country had
its own productive climate?
its own productive climate?
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Što kad bi svaka zemlja
imala vlastitu produktivnu klimu?
imala vlastitu produktivnu klimu?
02:29
What would that change about how we live?
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Što bi to promijenilo
u načinu kako živimo?
u načinu kako živimo?
02:32
What would that change
about quality of life and nutrition?
about quality of life and nutrition?
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Što bi to promijenilo
u kvaliteti života i ishrane?
u kvaliteti života i ishrane?
02:36
The last generation's problem
was, we need more food
was, we need more food
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Problem zadnje generacije
je bio, trebamo više hrane
je bio, trebamo više hrane
02:39
and we need it cheap.
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i trebamo je jeftino.
02:41
Welcome to your global farm.
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Dobrodošli u vašu globalnu farmu.
02:43
We built a huge analog farm.
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Sagradili smo ogromnu analognu farmu.
02:45
All these traces --
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Svi ovi tragovi --
02:47
these are cars, planes,
trains and automobiles.
trains and automobiles.
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to su kola, avioni,
vlakovi i automobili.
vlakovi i automobili.
02:50
It's a miracle that we feed
seven billion people
seven billion people
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Čudo je kako hranimo
sedam milijardi ljudi
sedam milijardi ljudi
02:53
with just a few of us involved
in the production of food.
in the production of food.
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sa samo nekolicinom nas
uključenom u proizvodnju hrane.
uključenom u proizvodnju hrane.
02:57
What if ...
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Što ako ...
02:59
we built a digital farm?
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sagradimo digitalnu farmu?
03:01
A digital world farm.
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Digitalnu svjetsku farmu.
03:02
What if you could take this apple,
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Što ako biste mogli uzeti ovu jabuku,
03:06
digitize it somehow,
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nekako je digitalizirati,
03:07
send it through particles in the air
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poslati je kao čestice kroz zrak
03:10
and reconstitute it on the other side?
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te je nanovo složiti na drugoj strani?
03:13
What if?
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Što ako?
03:15
Going through some of these quotes,
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Prolazeći kroz neke od ovih navoda,
03:17
you know, they inspire me to do what I do.
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znate, potiču me raditi to što radim.
03:19
First one:
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Prvi navod:
03:20
["Japanese farming has no youth,
no water, no land and no future."]
no water, no land and no future."]
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["Japanska poljoprivreda nema mladosti,
nema vode, nema zemlje i nema budućnosti."]
nema vode, nema zemlje i nema budućnosti."]
03:24
That's what I landed to the day
that I went to Minamisanriku,
that I went to Minamisanriku,
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Ovo je gdje sam sletio na dan
kad sam otišao do Minamisanriku,
kad sam otišao do Minamisanriku,
03:28
one stop south of Fukushima,
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jednu postaju južno od Fukushime,
03:30
after the disaster.
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nakon nesreće.
03:31
The kids have headed to Sendai and Tokyo,
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Klinci su otišli u Sendai i Tokio,
03:34
the land is contaminated,
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zemlja je zagađena,
03:35
they already import 70 percent
of their own food.
of their own food.
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već sad uvoze 70 posto
vlastite hrane.
vlastite hrane.
03:38
But it's not unique to Japan.
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Ali to nije jedinstveno za Japan.
03:40
Two percent of the American population
is involved in farming.
is involved in farming.
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Dva posto američke populacije
je uključeno u poljoprivredu.
je uključeno u poljoprivredu.
03:45
What good answer comes
from two percent of any population?
from two percent of any population?
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Koji dobri odgovori dolaze
iz dva posto ikoje populacije?
iz dva posto ikoje populacije?
03:49
As we go around the world,
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Kako idemo oko svijeta,
03:51
50 percent of the African
population is under 18.
population is under 18.
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50 posto afričke populacije
ima manje od 18.
ima manje od 18.
03:55
Eighty percent don't want to be farmers.
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80 posto ne žele biti poljoprivrednici.
03:58
Farming is hard.
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Poljoprivreda je teška.
04:00
The life of a small-shareholder
farmer is miserable.
farmer is miserable.
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Život sitnog seljaka je bijedan.
04:05
They go into the city.
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Oni odlaze u grad.
04:06
In India:
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U Indiji:
04:08
farmers' families not being able
to have basic access to utilities,
to have basic access to utilities,
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poljoprivredne obitelji koje
ne mogu priskrbiti temeljne komunalije.
ne mogu priskrbiti temeljne komunalije.
04:11
more farmer suicides this year
and the previous 10 before that.
and the previous 10 before that.
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porast poljoprivrednih samoubojstava ove godine
i svake od prethodnih deset godina.
i svake od prethodnih deset godina.
04:15
It's uncomfortable to talk about.
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Neugodno je pričati o tome.
04:17
Where are they going?
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Kamo idemo?
04:18
Into the city.
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U grad.
04:20
No young people, and everyone's headed in.
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Ne samo mladi ljudi,
svi glavinjaju u grad.
svi glavinjaju u grad.
04:22
So how do we build this platform
that inspires the youth?
that inspires the youth?
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Pa kako gradimo tu platformu
koja nadahnjuje mlade?
koja nadahnjuje mlade?
04:27
Welcome to the new tractor.
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Dobrodošli u novi traktor.
04:29
This is my combine.
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Ovo je moj kombajn.
04:32
A number of years ago now,
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Prije sad već dosta godina,
04:33
I went to Bed Bath and Beyond
and Home Depot
and Home Depot
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otišao sam u trgovinu za kućanstvo
te trgovinu alatima i materijalom
te trgovinu alatima i materijalom
04:35
and I started hacking.
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i počeo se zezati.
04:36
And I built silly things
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I izrađivao sam šašave stvari
04:38
and I made plants dance
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činio da biljke plešu
04:39
and I attached them to my computer
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i spajao ih na računalo
04:41
and I killed them all --
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i sve sam ih pobio --
04:42
a lot.
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poprilično.
04:44
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:45
I eventually got them to survive.
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Najzad su mi počele preživljavati.
04:47
And I created one of the most
intimate relationships
intimate relationships
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I stvorio sam jednu
od najprisnijih veza
od najprisnijih veza
04:49
I've ever had in my life,
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koju sam ikad imao u život,
04:51
because I was learning
the language of plants.
the language of plants.
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jer sam učio
jezik biljaka.
jezik biljaka.
04:55
I wanted to make it bigger.
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Želio sam to učiniti većim.
04:56
They said, "Knock yourself out, kid!
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Rekoše: "Dečko, slobodno se izludiraj!
04:58
Here's an old electronics room
that nobody wants.
that nobody wants.
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Ovdje je stara soba s elektronikom
koju nitko ne želi.
koju nitko ne želi.
05:01
What can you do?"
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Što možeš učiniti?"
05:03
With my team, we built a farm
inside of the media lab,
inside of the media lab,
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Sa svojim timom, sagradili smo farmu
unutar medijskog laboratorija,
unutar medijskog laboratorija,
05:05
a place historically known
not for anything about biology
not for anything about biology
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mjesto povijesno nepoznato
po ičemu vezanom uz biologiju
po ičemu vezanom uz biologiju
05:09
but everything about digital life.
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ali svačemu oko digitalnog života.
05:12
Inside of these 60 square feet,
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Unutar ovih pet i pol kvadrata,
05:14
we produced enough food to feed
about 300 people once a month --
about 300 people once a month --
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proizveli smo dovoljno hrane za
prehraniti oko 300 ljudi jednom mjesečno --
prehraniti oko 300 ljudi jednom mjesečno --
05:18
not a lot of food.
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ne baš puno hrane.
05:19
And there's a lot of interesting
technology in there.
technology in there.
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A tamo ima količina
zanimljive tehnologije.
zanimljive tehnologije.
05:21
But the most interesting thing?
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Ali najzanimljivija stvar?
05:24
Beautiful, white roots,
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Prekrasni bijeli korijeni,
05:26
deep, green colors
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duboke zelene boje
05:29
and a monthly harvest.
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i mjesečna žetva.
05:31
Is this a new cafeteria?
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Je li ovo nova kantina?
05:34
Is this a new retail experience?
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Je li ovo novo iskustvo maloprodaje?
05:38
Is this a new grocery store?
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je li ovo novi dućan namirnicama?
05:39
I can tell you one thing for sure:
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Mogu vam zasigurno reći jednu stvar:
05:42
this is the first time
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Ovo je prvi put
05:43
anybody in the media lab
ripped the roots off of anything.
ripped the roots off of anything.
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da je itko u medijskom laboratoriju
otkinuo korijene sa ičega.
otkinuo korijene sa ičega.
05:46
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:48
We get our salad in bags;
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Uzimamo našu salatu u vrećicama;
05:50
there's nothing wrong with that.
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to nije ništa pogrešno.
05:52
But what happens
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Ali što se događa
05:53
when you have an image-based
processing expert,
processing expert,
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kad imate stručnjaka
za obradu slike,
za obradu slike,
05:57
a data scientist,
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podatkovnog znanstvenika,
05:58
a roboticist,
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robotičara,
06:00
ripping roots off and thinking,
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otkidaju korijenje i razmišljaju,
06:02
"Huh. I know something about --
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"Heh. Znam nešto o --
06:04
I could make this happen, I want to try."
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mogao bih to učiniti. Želim probati."
06:07
In that process we would
bring the plants out
bring the plants out
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U tom bismo procesu
iznijeli biljke van
iznijeli biljke van
06:09
and we would take some back to the lab,
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te bi neke odnijeli nazad u laboratorij,
06:11
because if you grew it,
you don't throw it away;
you don't throw it away;
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jer ako ste ih uzgojili,
ne bacate ih;
ne bacate ih;
06:13
it's kind of precious to you.
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na neki su vam način dragocjene.
06:15
I have this weird tongue now,
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Sad imam taj čudan jezik,
06:16
because I'm afraid to let anybody eat
anything until I've eaten it first,
anything until I've eaten it first,
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jer me strah pustiti ikoga jesti
išta dok ja to nisam jeo prvi,
išta dok ja to nisam jeo prvi,
06:20
because I want it to be good.
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jer želim da bude dobro.
06:21
So I eat lettuce every day
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Pa jedem zelenu salatu svaki dan
06:22
and I can tell the pH
of a lettuce within .1.
of a lettuce within .1.
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i mogu reći pH
zelene salate unutar 0,1.
zelene salate unutar 0,1.
06:25
(Laughter)
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373350
1005
(Smijeh)
06:26
I'm like, "No, that's 6.1 -- no,
no, you can't eat it today."
no, you can't eat it today."
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Ja sam kao: "Ne, to je 6,1 -- ne,
ne, to danas ne možeš jesti."
ne, to danas ne možeš jesti."
06:29
(Applause)
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3145
(Pljesak)
06:34
This lettuce that day was hyper sweet.
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Ova zelena salata je taj dana bila hiper slatka.
06:37
It was hyper sweet
because the plant had been stressed
because the plant had been stressed
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Bila je hiper slatka
jer je biljka bila pod stresom
jer je biljka bila pod stresom
06:39
and it created a chemical reaction
in the plant to protect itself:
in the plant to protect itself:
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te se stvorila kemijska reakcija
kojom se biljka štitila:
kojom se biljka štitila:
06:43
"I'm not going to die!"
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"neću umrijeti!"
06:44
And the plants not-going-to-die,
taste sweet to me.
taste sweet to me.
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A biljke koje-neće-umrijeti,
osjećam ih kao slatke.
osjećam ih kao slatke.
06:48
Technologists falling backwards
into plant physiology.
into plant physiology.
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Tehnolozi koji padaju unatrag
u fiziologiju biljaka.
u fiziologiju biljaka.
06:51
So we thought other people
needed to be able to try this.
needed to be able to try this.
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Pa smo mislili kako bi i drugi ljudi
trebali biti u mogućnosti probati ovo.
trebali biti u mogućnosti probati ovo.
06:54
We want to see what people can create,
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Željeli smo vidjeti što ljudi mogu stvoriti,
06:56
so we conceived of a lab
that could be shipped anywhere.
that could be shipped anywhere.
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pa smo osmislili laboratorij
koji bi se mogao poslati bilo gdje.
koji bi se mogao poslati bilo gdje.
06:59
And then we built it.
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A potom smo ga sagradili.
07:02
So on the facade
of the media lab is my lab,
of the media lab is my lab,
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Pa se na pročelju
medijskog laboratorija nalazi moj laboratorij,
medijskog laboratorija nalazi moj laboratorij,
07:04
that has about 30 points
of sensing per plant.
of sensing per plant.
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koji ima oko 30 osjetnih točaka po biljci.
07:08
If you know about the genome or genetics,
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Ako znate o genomu ili genetici,
07:11
this is the phenome, right?
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2503
ovo je fenom, u redu?
07:13
The phenomena.
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Pojava.
07:15
When you say, "I like
the strawberries from Mexico,"
the strawberries from Mexico,"
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Kad kažete: "Volim
jagode iz Meksika,"
jagode iz Meksika,"
07:17
you really like the strawberries
from the climate
from the climate
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zapravo volite
jagode iz klime
jagode iz klime
07:19
that produced the expression
that you like.
that you like.
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koja je proizvela izražaj
kakav vam se sviđa.
kakav vam se sviđa.
07:22
So if you're coding climate --
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430050
2189
Pa ako propisujte klimu --
07:24
this much CO2, this much O2 creates
a recipe -- you're coding
a recipe -- you're coding
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432263
3301
Ovoliko CO2, ovoliko O2
stvara recept -- propisujete
stvara recept -- propisujete
07:27
the expression of that plant,
the nutrition of that plant,
the nutrition of that plant,
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435588
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izražaj te biljke,
ishranu te biljke,
ishranu te biljke,
07:30
the size of that plant, the shape,
the color, the texture.
the color, the texture.
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438887
3258
veličinu te biljke, oblik,
boju, teksturu.
boju, teksturu.
07:35
We need data,
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443683
1185
Trebamo podatke,
07:36
so we put a bunch of sensors in there
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pa tamo stavljamo hrpu senzora
07:38
to tell us what's going on.
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446697
1303
kako bi nam rekli što se događa.
07:40
If you think of your houseplants,
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448024
1582
Ako mislite na vaše kućno bilje,
07:41
and you look at your houseplant
186
449630
1495
i gledate vaše kućno bilje
07:43
and you're super sad, because you're like,
187
451149
2012
i jako ste tužni, jer ste kao:
07:45
"Why are you dying? Won't you talk to me?"
188
453185
2016
"Zašto umireš? Nećeš li mi reći?"
07:47
(Laughter)
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455225
1000
(Smijeh)
07:48
Farmers develop the most beautiful
fortune-telling eyes
fortune-telling eyes
190
456659
2822
Poljoprivrednici razviju
prekrasne proročke oči
prekrasne proročke oči
07:51
by the time they're in their
late 60s and 70s.
late 60s and 70s.
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459505
2171
do vremena kad uđu
u kasne 60-te i 70-te.
u kasne 60-te i 70-te.
07:53
They can tell you when you
see that plant dying
see that plant dying
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461700
2193
Mogu vam reći kad
vidite biljku kako umire
vidite biljku kako umire
07:55
that it's a nitrogen deficiency,
a calcium deficiency
a calcium deficiency
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463917
2539
kako je to nedostatak dušika,
nedostatak kalcija
nedostatak kalcija
07:58
or it needs more humidity.
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466480
1404
ili kako treba više vlage.
07:59
Those beautiful eyes
are not being passed down.
are not being passed down.
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467908
2315
Te prekrasne oči
se ne predaju budućnosti.
se ne predaju budućnosti.
08:03
These are eyes in the cloud of a farmer.
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471199
2318
ovo su te oči u oblaku.
08:06
We trend those data points over time.
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474080
2215
Kroz vrijeme iz ovih točaka izvlačimo trendove.
08:08
We correlate those data points
to individual plants.
to individual plants.
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476805
2475
Koreliramo te točke
sa pojedinim biljkama.
sa pojedinim biljkama.
08:11
These are all the broccoli
in my lab that day, by IP address.
in my lab that day, by IP address.
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479304
4050
Ovo je sva brokula
u mom labosu taj dan, po IP adresama.
u mom labosu taj dan, po IP adresama.
08:15
(Laughter)
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483378
1138
(Smijeh)
08:16
We have IP-addressable broccoli.
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484540
2721
Imamo IP adresiranu brokulu.
08:20
(Applause)
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488176
4514
(Smijeh)
08:24
So if that's not weird enough,
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492714
2675
Pa ako već to nije
dovoljno čudno,
dovoljno čudno,
08:27
you can click one
and you get a plant profile.
and you get a plant profile.
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495413
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možete kliknuti na neku
i dobijete biljčin profil.
i dobijete biljčin profil.
08:29
And what this tells you
is downloadable progress on that plant,
is downloadable progress on that plant,
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497926
3016
A što vam to govori
je napredak te biljke koji možete skinuti,
je napredak te biljke koji možete skinuti,
08:32
but not like you'd think,
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500966
1206
ali ne kako biste pomislili,
08:34
it's not just when it's ready.
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1445
nije to samo kad je spremna.
08:35
When does it achieve
the nutrition that I need?
the nutrition that I need?
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503665
2276
Kada postiže
hranjivost kakvu trebam?
hranjivost kakvu trebam?
08:37
When does it achieve
the taste that I desire?
the taste that I desire?
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505965
2780
Kada postiže
okus kakav želim?
okus kakav želim?
08:41
Is it getting too much water?
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509284
1676
Dobija li previše vode?
08:42
Is it getting too much sun?
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510984
1912
Dobija li previše sunca?
08:44
Alerts.
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512920
1164
Upozorenja.
08:46
It can talk to me, it's conversant,
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514108
1834
Može mi pričati,
upućena je,
upućena je,
08:47
we have a language.
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515966
1364
imamo jezik.
08:50
(Laughter)
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518043
1788
(Smijeh)
08:51
(Applause)
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519855
4636
(Pljesak)
08:56
I think of that as the first user
on the plant Facebook, right?
on the plant Facebook, right?
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524515
4779
Razmišljam o ovome kao o
prvom korisniku biljnog Facebooka, u redu?
prvom korisniku biljnog Facebooka, u redu?
09:01
That's a plant profile
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529318
1206
Ovo je biljčin profi
09:02
and that plant will start making friends.
219
530548
1993
i te će biljka početi stvarati prijatelje.
09:04
(Laughter)
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532565
1007
(Smijeh)
09:05
And I mean it -- it will make
friends with other plants
friends with other plants
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533596
2619
I to zbilja mislim --
postat će prijatelj sa drugim biljkama
postat će prijatelj sa drugim biljkama
09:08
that use less nitrogen, more phosphorus,
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536239
2127
koje koriste manje dušika,
više fosfora,
više fosfora,
09:10
less potassium.
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538390
1198
manje kalija.
09:11
We're going to learn about a complexity
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539910
1981
Naučiti ćemo o složenosti
09:13
that we can only guess at now.
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541915
1617
kakvu danas možemo samo naslutiti.
09:16
And they may not friend us back --
I don't know, they might friend us back,
I don't know, they might friend us back,
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544048
3580
A ne moraju prihvatiti prijateljstvo --
ne znam, mogu ga prihvatiti,
ne znam, mogu ga prihvatiti,
09:19
it depends on how we act.
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547652
1199
ovisi kako se ponašamo.
09:20
So this is my lab now.
228
548875
1958
Dakle ovo je moj labos danas.
09:23
It's a little bit more systematized,
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551294
1738
Malo je sistematiziraniji,
09:25
my background is designing data centers
in hospitals of all things,
in hospitals of all things,
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553056
3231
moja naobrazba je oblikovanje
podatkovnih centara u bolnicama,
podatkovnih centara u bolnicama,
09:28
so I know a little bit about creating
a controlled environment.
a controlled environment.
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556311
2968
pa znam ponešto o
stvaranju kontoliranog okružja.
stvaranju kontoliranog okružja.
09:31
And so --
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559303
1150
I tako --
09:32
inside of this environment,
233
560754
1643
unutar ovog okružja,
09:34
we're experimenting
with all kinds of things.
with all kinds of things.
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562421
2373
eksperimentiramo
sa svakakvim stvarima.
sa svakakvim stvarima.
09:36
This process, aeroponics, was developed
by NASA for Mir Space Station
by NASA for Mir Space Station
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564818
4208
Ovaj proces, aeroponika, je razvijen
od NASA za svemirsku postaju Mir
od NASA za svemirsku postaju Mir
09:41
for reducing the amount of water
they send into space.
they send into space.
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569050
2548
za smanjenje
količine vode koju šalju u svemir.
količine vode koju šalju u svemir.
09:43
What it really does is give the plant
exactly what it wants:
exactly what it wants:
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571622
2859
Što zbilja radi jest
daje biljci točno što ona želi:
daje biljci točno što ona želi:
09:46
water, minerals and oxygen.
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574505
1635
vodu, minerale i kisik.
09:48
Roots are not that complicated,
239
576164
1492
Korijenje nije tako složeno,
09:49
so when you give them that,
you get this amazing expression.
you get this amazing expression.
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577680
3912
pa kad im to date,
dobijete ovaj zapanjujući izraz.
dobijete ovaj zapanjujući izraz.
09:54
It's like the plant has two hearts.
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582472
3073
To je kao da biljka ima dva srca.
09:57
And because it has two hearts,
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585569
1665
A stoga što ima dva srca,
09:59
it grows four or five times faster.
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587958
2069
raste četiri ili pet puta brže.
10:02
It's a perfect world.
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590657
1154
To je savršen svijet.
10:03
We've gone a long way into technology
and seed for an adverse world
and seed for an adverse world
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591835
3213
Prošli smo dug put kroz tehnologiju
i sjeme za štetan svijet
i sjeme za štetan svijet
10:07
and we're going to continue to do that,
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595072
1865
i nastavit ćemo to činiti,
10:08
but we're going to have a new tool, too,
247
596961
1913
ali imat ćemo i novi alat, također,
10:10
which is perfect world.
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598898
1683
koji je savršen svijet.
10:12
So we've grown all kinds of things.
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600605
1679
Dakle uzgojili smo svakakve stvari.
10:14
These tomatoes hadn't been
in commercial production for 150 years.
in commercial production for 150 years.
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602308
3808
Ovih rajčica nije bilo
u komercijalnoj proizvodnji 150 godina.
u komercijalnoj proizvodnji 150 godina.
10:18
Do you know that we have
rare and ancient seed banks?
rare and ancient seed banks?
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606515
3274
Znadete li kako imamo
banke rijetkog i drevnog sjemena?
banke rijetkog i drevnog sjemena?
10:22
Banks of seed.
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610312
1742
Banke sjemena.
10:24
It's amazing.
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612078
1157
To je zapanjujuće.
10:25
They have germplasm alive
and things that you've never eaten.
and things that you've never eaten.
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2882
Imaju žive klice i
stvari koje nikad niste jeli.
stvari koje nikad niste jeli.
10:28
I am the only person in this room
that's eaten that kind of tomato.
that's eaten that kind of tomato.
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616165
3281
Ja sam jedina osoba u ovoj prostoriji
koja je jela ovu vrstu rajčice.
koja je jela ovu vrstu rajčice.
10:31
Problem is it was a sauce tomato
and we don't know how to cook,
and we don't know how to cook,
256
619837
3001
Problem je kako je to bila
rajčica za umak a mi ne znamo kuhati,
rajčica za umak a mi ne znamo kuhati,
10:34
so we ate a sauce tomato,
which is not that great.
which is not that great.
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622862
2356
pa smo jeli rajčicu za umak,
što i nije tako divno.
što i nije tako divno.
10:37
But we've done things with protein --
we've grown all kinds of things.
we've grown all kinds of things.
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625242
3316
Ali radili smo stvari s bjelančevinama --
uzgajali smo svakakve stvari.
uzgajali smo svakakve stvari.
10:40
We've grown humans --
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628582
1173
Uzgajali smo ljude --
10:41
(Laughter)
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629779
1642
(Smijeh)
10:44
Well maybe you could, but we didn't.
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632103
1732
Dobro možda biste mogli, ali mi nismo.
10:45
But what we realized is,
262
633859
1596
Ali što smo shvatili je,
10:47
the tool was too big,
it was too expensive.
it was too expensive.
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635479
2075
alat je bio prevelik,
bilo je preskupo.
bilo je preskupo.
10:49
I was starting to put them
around the world
around the world
264
637578
2004
Počeo sam ih postavljati
širom svijeta
širom svijeta
10:51
and they were about 100,000 dollars.
265
639606
1817
a bili su oko 100.000 dolara.
10:53
Finding somebody with 100 grand
in their back pocket isn't easy,
in their back pocket isn't easy,
266
641447
3009
Pronaći nekoga sa
100 tisuća viška nije lako,
100 tisuća viška nije lako,
10:56
so we wanted to make a small one.
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644480
1580
pa smo htjeli napraviti malenu.
10:58
This project was actually
one of my student's --
one of my student's --
268
646084
2297
Ovaj je projekt zapravo bio
jedne od mojih studentica --
jedne od mojih studentica --
11:00
mechanical engineering
undergraduate, Camille.
undergraduate, Camille.
269
648405
2856
dodiplomca strojarstva,
Camille.
Camille.
11:03
So Camille and I and my team,
270
651851
1532
Dakle Camilla i ja i moj tim,
11:05
we iterated all summer,
271
653407
1858
cijelo smo ljeto prepravljali,
11:07
how to make it cheaper,
how to make it work better,
how to make it work better,
272
655289
2420
kako ga učiniti jeftinijim,
kako učiniti da radi bolje,
kako učiniti da radi bolje,
11:09
how to make it so other
people can make it.
people can make it.
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657733
2024
kako ga učiniti tako
da ga i drugi mogu izraditi.
da ga i drugi mogu izraditi.
11:11
Then we dropped them off in schools,
seventh through eleventh grade.
seventh through eleventh grade.
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659781
3303
Onda smo ih odnijeli u škole,
više razrede osnovne i niže srednje.
više razrede osnovne i niže srednje.
11:15
And if you want to be humbled,
try to teach a kid something.
try to teach a kid something.
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663108
2999
I ako želite biti poniženi,
pokušajte naučiti klinca nečemu.
pokušajte naučiti klinca nečemu.
11:18
So I went into this school and I said,
276
666131
1849
Tako sam otišao u tu školu i rekao:
11:20
"Set it to 65 percent humidity."
277
668004
1893
"Namjestite ga na 65 posto vlage."
11:21
The seventh grader
said, "What's humidity?"
said, "What's humidity?"
278
669921
2266
Klinac iz sedmog razreda
je rekao: "Što je vlaga?"
je rekao: "Što je vlaga?"
11:24
And I said, "Oh, it's water in air."
279
672211
1865
A ja sam rekao: "O, to je voda u zraku."
11:26
He said, "There's no water
in air, you're an idiot."
in air, you're an idiot."
280
674100
2444
On je rekao: "Nema vode
u zraku, ti si idiot."
u zraku, ti si idiot."
11:28
(Laughter)
281
676568
1019
(Smijeh)
11:29
And I was like, "Alright, don't trust me.
282
677611
2009
A ja sam kao: "Ok, nemoj mi vjerovati.
11:31
Actually -- don't trust me, right?
283
679644
1659
Zapravo -- nemoj mi vjerovati, u redu?
11:33
Set it to 100.
284
681327
1151
Stavi na 100. "
11:34
He sets it to 100 and what happens?
285
682502
1705
On ga stavi na 100 i što se dogodi?
11:36
It starts to condense, make a fog
and eventually drip.
and eventually drip.
286
684231
2774
Počne se kondenzirati, nastane magla
te konačno kapljice.
te konačno kapljice.
11:39
And he says, "Oh. Humidity is rain.
287
687457
3224
A on kaže:"O. Vlaga je kiša.
11:43
Why didn't you just tell me that?"
288
691372
1630
Zašto mi nisi samo to rekao?"
11:45
(Laughter)
289
693026
1970
(Smijeh)
11:47
We've created an interface
for this that's much like a game.
for this that's much like a game.
290
695489
2843
Stvorili smo sučelje
za ovo koje je prilično nalik igri.
za ovo koje je prilično nalik igri.
11:50
They have a 3D environment,
291
698356
1316
Imaju 3D okružje,
11:51
they can log into it anywhere in the world
292
699696
2016
mogu se ulogirati od bilo gdje u svijetu
11:53
on their smartphone, on their tablet.
293
701736
1783
sa svog smartphonea, sa tableta.
11:55
They have different parts of the bots --
the physical, the sensors.
the physical, the sensors.
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703543
3427
Imaju različite dijelove botova --
fizičke, senzore.
fizičke, senzore.
11:58
They select recipes that have
been created by other kids
been created by other kids
295
706994
2640
Biraju recepte koje su
stvorili drugi klinci
stvorili drugi klinci
12:01
anywhere in the world.
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709658
1150
bilo gdje u svijetu.
12:02
They select and activate that recipe,
they plant a seedling.
they plant a seedling.
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710832
3031
Biraju i aktiviraju ovaj recept,
stavljaju sadnicu.
stavljaju sadnicu.
12:06
While it's growing, they make changes.
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1837
Dok raste, rade promjene.
12:08
They're like, "Why does a plant
need CO2 anyway? Isn't CO2 bad?
need CO2 anyway? Isn't CO2 bad?
299
716185
3009
Oni su kao: "Zašto biljka
uopće treba CO2? Nije li CO2 loš?
uopće treba CO2? Nije li CO2 loš?
12:11
It kills people."
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719218
1151
On ubija ljude."
12:12
Crank up CO2, plant dies.
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720393
1371
Zavrni CO2, biljka umire.
12:14
Or crank down CO2, plant does very well.
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722404
2997
Ili odvrni CO2, biljci ide prilično dobro.
12:17
Harvest plant,
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1190
uberi biljku,
12:19
and you've created a new digital recipe.
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2167
i stvorio si novi digitalni recept.
12:21
It's an iterative design and development
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2090
To je prepravljajući proces
12:23
and exploration process.
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1912
dizajna i razvoja i istraživanja.
12:25
They can download, then,
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1412
Mogu skinuti, tada,
12:27
all of the data about that new plant
that they developed
that they developed
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735307
2717
sve podatke o toj
novoj biljci koju su razvili
novoj biljci koju su razvili
12:30
or the new digital recipe
and what did it do --
and what did it do --
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ili novi digitalni recept
te kako je djelovao --
te kako je djelovao --
12:32
was it better or was it worse?
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1444
je li bilo bolje ili je bilo gore?
12:33
Imagine these as little cores
of processing.
of processing.
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2126
Zamislite ove kao
male jezgre obrade.
male jezgre obrade.
12:36
We're going to learn so much.
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744771
1967
Naučit ćemo toliko puno.
12:39
Here's one of the food computers,
as we call them,
as we call them,
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2698
Eto jednog od prehrambrenih računala,
kako ih zovemo,
kako ih zovemo,
12:42
in a school in three weeks' time.
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750486
2252
u školi nakon tri tjedna.
12:45
This is three weeks of growth.
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Ovo je tri tjedna rasta.
12:47
But more importantly,
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755256
1844
Ali važnije,
12:49
it was the first time that this kid
ever thought he could be a farmer --
ever thought he could be a farmer --
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757124
3960
to je bio prvi put kako je ovaj klinac
ikad pomislio kako bi mogao biti farmer --
ikad pomislio kako bi mogao biti farmer --
12:53
or that he would want to be a farmer.
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761658
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ili kako bi želio biti farmer.
12:56
So, we've open-sourced all of this.
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764187
2015
Tako, sve ovo smo stavili kao open source.
12:58
It's all online; go home, try to build
your first food computer.
your first food computer.
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766226
3086
Sve je online; odite kući, pokušajte
sagraditi svoje prvo prehrambeno računalo.
sagraditi svoje prvo prehrambeno računalo.
13:01
It's going to be difficult --
I'm just telling you.
I'm just telling you.
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Bit će složeno --
samo vam kažem.
samo vam kažem.
13:03
We're in the beginning,
but it's all there.
but it's all there.
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771749
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Na početku smo,
ali sve je ondje.
ali sve je ondje.
13:05
It's very important to me
that this is easily accessible.
that this is easily accessible.
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Vrlo mi je važno
da je ovo lako dostupno.
da je ovo lako dostupno.
13:08
We're going to keep making it more so.
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1847
Nastavit ćemo činiti tako još i više.
13:10
These are farmers,
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1428
Ovo su farmeri,
13:13
electrical engineer, mechanical engineer,
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781016
1977
elektroinženjer,
strojar,
strojar,
13:15
environmental engineer,
computer scientist,
computer scientist,
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783017
2033
inženjer zaštite okoliša,
računalni znanstvenik,
računalni znanstvenik,
13:17
plant scientist,
economist, urban planners.
economist, urban planners.
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znanstvenik za biljke,
ekonomist, urbanisti.
ekonomist, urbanisti.
13:20
On one platform, doing
what they're good at.
what they're good at.
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2754
Na jednoj platformi, čine
ono u čemu su dobri.
ono u čemu su dobri.
13:22
But we got a little too big.
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1824
Ali postali smo malo preveliki.
13:24
This is my new facility
that I'm just starting.
that I'm just starting.
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2832
Ovo je moje novo postrojenje
koje upravo započinjem.
koje upravo započinjem.
13:27
This warehouse could be anywhere.
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1840
Ovo bi skladište moglo biti bilo gdje.
13:30
That's why I chose it.
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Zato sam ga i odabrao.
13:31
And inside of this warehouse
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A unutar ovog skladišta
13:33
we're going to build something
kind of like this.
kind of like this.
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2369
sagradit ćemo
nešto nalik ovome.
nešto nalik ovome.
13:35
These exist right now.
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1462
Ovo postoji upravo sada.
13:37
Take a look at it.
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1227
Bacite pogled.
13:40
These exist, too.
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1331
Ovo postoji, također.
13:42
One grows greens,
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Jedno uzgaja zelenilo,
13:43
one grows Ebola vaccine.
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drugo uzgaja cjepivo za Ebolu.
13:46
Pretty amazing that plants
and this DARPA Grand Challenge winner
and this DARPA Grand Challenge winner
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3914
Prilično je zapanjujuće kako su biljke
i ovaj pobjednik DARPA Grand Challenge-a
i ovaj pobjednik DARPA Grand Challenge-a
13:50
is one of the reasons
we're getting ahead of Ebola.
we're getting ahead of Ebola.
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818150
2496
jedan od razloga
zašto pobjeđujemo Ebolu.
zašto pobjeđujemo Ebolu.
13:53
The plants are producing
the protein that's Ebola resistant.
the protein that's Ebola resistant.
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Ove biljke stvaraju
bjelančevinu otpornu na Ebolu.
bjelančevinu otpornu na Ebolu.
13:57
So pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals,
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2538
Dakle farmaceutika,
zdrava hrana,
zdrava hrana,
13:59
all they way down to lettuce.
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827645
1516
sve dolje do zelene salate.
14:01
But these two things look nothing alike,
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829620
1938
Ali te si dvije stvari
uopće ne nalikuju,
uopće ne nalikuju,
14:03
and that's where I am with my field.
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2277
i to je gdje sam sa svojim poljem.
14:05
Everything is different.
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1389
Sve je različito.
14:07
We're in that weird "We're alright" stage
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3310
Sad smo u toj čudnoj "dobro nam ide" fazi
14:10
and it's like, "Here's my black box --"
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1863
i to je kao, "Evo moje crne kutije --"
14:12
"No, buy mine."
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840850
1151
"Ne, kupi moju."
14:14
"No, no, no -- I've got intellectual
property that's totally valuable.
property that's totally valuable.
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842025
3361
"Ne ne ne -- imam intelektualno
vlasništvo koje je totalno vrijedno.
vlasništvo koje je totalno vrijedno.
14:17
Don't buy his, buy mine."
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845410
1200
Nemoj kupiti njegovo, kupi moje."
14:18
And the reality is,
we're just at the beginning,
we're just at the beginning,
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2285
A stvarnost je,
tek smo na početku,
tek smo na početku,
14:20
in a time when society is shifting, too.
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2143
u vremenu u kojem se i društvo također mijenja.
14:23
When we ask for more, cheaper food,
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851110
1715
Kad tražimo više jeftinije hrane,
14:24
we're now asking for better,
environmentally friendly food.
environmentally friendly food.
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852849
3340
sad tražimo bolju,
za okoliš prijateljsku hranu.
za okoliš prijateljsku hranu.
14:28
And when you have McDonald's advertising
what's in the Chicken McNugget,
what's in the Chicken McNugget,
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856654
5313
A kad imate McDonaldsovo
oglašavanje što je u Chicken McNuggetu,
oglašavanje što je u Chicken McNuggetu,
14:33
the most mysterious
food item of all time --
food item of all time --
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861991
2095
najtajanstveniji prehrambeni artikl svih vremena --
14:36
they are now basing
their marketing plan on that --
their marketing plan on that --
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864110
2737
sad temelje marketinški plan na tome --
14:38
everything is changing.
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866871
1470
sve se mijenja.
14:40
So into the world now.
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868365
1522
Pa hajdemo sada u svijet.
14:41
Personal food computers,
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869911
1658
Osobna prehrambena računala,
14:44
food servers
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1150
prehrambeni serveri
14:47
and food data centers
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875261
1411
i prehrambeni podatkovni centri
14:50
run on the open phenome.
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878434
2419
rade na otvorenom fenomu.
14:53
Think open genome, but we're going
to put little climate recipes,
to put little climate recipes,
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881245
3229
Shvatite kao otvoreni genom,
ali stavit ćemo malene klimatske recepte,
ali stavit ćemo malene klimatske recepte,
14:56
like Wikipedia,
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884498
1161
poput Wikipedije,
14:57
that you can pull down, actuate and grow.
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885683
3481
koje možete skinuti, ostvariti i u njima uzgajati.
15:03
What does this look like in a world?
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1730
Kako to izgleda u svijetu?
15:05
You remember the world
connected by strings?
connected by strings?
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893029
2135
Sjećate li se svijeta
povezanog strunama?
povezanog strunama?
15:07
We start having beacons.
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895188
1547
Počeli smo imati svjetionike.
15:09
We start sending information about food,
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897338
2086
Počeli smo slati informacije o hrani,
15:11
rather than sending food.
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899448
1319
umjesto slanja hrane.
15:13
This is not just my fantasy,
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901249
1718
Ovo nije samo moja fantazija,
15:14
this is where we're already deploying.
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902991
2038
to je gdje se već razvijamo.
15:17
Food computers, food servers,
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905578
1689
Prehrambena računala,
prehrambeni serveri,
prehrambeni serveri,
15:19
soon-to-be food data centers,
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907291
1436
uskoro će biti i
prehrambeni podatkovni centri,
prehrambeni podatkovni centri,
15:20
connecting people together
to share information.
to share information.
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908751
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povezuju ljude
kako bi dijelili informacije.
kako bi dijelili informacije.
15:24
The future of food is not about fighting
over what's wrong with this.
over what's wrong with this.
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912723
5357
Budućnost hrane nije u borbi
oko toga što je loše s ovim.
oko toga što je loše s ovim.
15:30
We know what's wrong with this.
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918556
1826
Znamo što je loše s tim.
15:33
The future of food is about networking
the next one billion farmers
the next one billion farmers
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921128
4515
Budućnost hrane je oko
stvaranja mreže slijedećih milijardu farmera
stvaranja mreže slijedećih milijardu farmera
15:37
and empowering them with a platform
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925667
2274
i njihovog osnaživanja putem platforme
15:39
to ask and answer the question,
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2020
kako bi mogli postaviti
pitanje i odgovoriti:
pitanje i odgovoriti:
15:42
"What if?"
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"Što ako?"
15:44
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
15:45
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Caleb Harper - Principal Investigator and Director of the Open Agriculture InitiativeCaleb Harper leads a group of engineers, architects, urban planners, economists and plant scientists in the exploration and development of high performance urban agricultural systems.
Why you should listen
What do we know about the food we eat? What if there was climate democracy? These and other questions inform the work of Caleb Harper and his colleagues as they explore the future of food systems. He is the principal investigator and director of the Open Agriculture Initiative (OpenAG) at the MIT Media Lab. Under his guidance, a diverse group of engineers, architects, urbanists, economists and plant scientists (what he calls an “anti-disciplinary group”) is developing an open-source agricultural hardware, software and data common aiming to create a more agile, transparent and collaborative food system.
Caleb Harper | Speaker | TED.com