Alexander Wagner: What really motivates people to be honest in business
Alexander Wagner: Mi motivál bennünket, hogy becsületesek legyünk az üzleti világban?
Alexander Wagner balances two passions: the thrill of seeking knowledge about fundamentals of human behavior for knowledge's sake, and the desire to apply insights in the real world and to improve the workings of markets and organizations. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
have you interacted with today?
joghurtot, bármit –
that you work for or that you own.
munkahelyükkel vagy saját cégükkel.
at least seven companies
hogy ma legalább hét céggel
large, public corporations
that looks at US companies --
amerikai egyetemi tanulmányból derül ki.
that it's different in Europe.
Európában sincs másként.
at both detected and undetected fraud
mind a föl nem derített csalásokra.
the shareholders of these companies,
cégek tulajdonosainak
380 billion dollars per year.
dollárjába kerülnek.
aren't quite so secret anymore.
of the American Finance Association
Pénzügyi Egyesülés elnöke
in his presidential address.
if you think about, especially,
put into its financial industry.
fektetett bizalmon alapszik.
who actually remain honest
amely tisztességes marad,
to start engaging in fraud.
minden kísértés ellenére.
like Michael Woodford,
mint Michael Woodford,
megkongatta a vészharangot.
about their companies.
mint Anna Politkovszkaja,
like Anna Politkovskaya
to report human rights violations.
írva életüket kockáztatják.
to bring out the truth.
some insights I've obtained and learned
amelyet az utóbbi évtizedben szereztem
of conducting research in this.
a scientist working with economists,
what makes humans tick,
mi ösztönzi az embereket,
of fraud in corporations
a cégek csalásainak témáját,
to the improvement of the world.
a világ jobbításához.
two very distinct visions
behaves in their own self-interests,
önző érdekei szerint cselekszik,
a narrowly defined concept
pontosabban definiálva,
self-interested move here
önérdekű cselekvés itt,
all this beautiful tableware.
tönkreteszi a gyönyörű étkészletet.
disregard all consequences --
kívül hagyását értette ezen;
might not behave in this way.
lehet, hogy másként viselkedik.
and costs of our actions.
előnyeit és költségeit.
according to that code of conduct,
megfelelően viselkednek,
of getting a bonus payment.
hogy prémiumot kapnak.
if you disregard it,
of not getting your bonus
hogy nem kapnak prémiumot,
the corporation's principles.
a cég elvárásaihoz.
powerful economic force, right?
trust us more in the future.
out of his benevolence
more future bread.
több kenyeret akar eladni.
who get caught up in media,
lefülelt svájci bankoknak,
because he's a good dog.
all this beautiful tableware.
are motivated like that,
motiválja az embereket,
and bonus systems and so on,
és premizálási rendszerre vonatkozik,
by different values perhaps.
a különböző értékek ösztönzik.
have perfect hairdos,
very different views of the world.
to address this issue.
which are confusing in reality.
there is so much going on,
oly sok minden történik,
what drives people's behavior really.
hogy mi mozgatja az emberek viselkedését.
like the one I'm holding up right now
terminal in front of you,
that you had a tails throw,
you get paid zero francs.
in that situation?
and look to your right --
the person sitting next to you
hogyan viselkedne
művészeti kiállításon,
at the university
and it's a fair coin,
that it comes up four times tails
hogy négy írást dobunk
of them are tails is much lower
sokkal kisebb,
who did not say I had four tails throws,
hogy négy írást dobott,
if you say four than less.
ha négyet mond, mintha kevesebbet.
by announcing zero.
mert nullát mondott.
the other people all were honest
miért voltak becsületesek,
higher or lower than what they did
mondtak többet vagy kevesebbet,
and here's another coin toss.
like Adam Smith would have predicted.
ahogy Adam Smith megjósolta volna.
by certain intrinsic values
bizonyos belső érték ösztönzi,
so-called protected values.
where you're willing to pay a price
vagyunk megfizetni az árát,
to withstand the temptation to give in.
hogy ellenálljunk a kísértésnek.
that's consistent with your values.
ahogy egybevág értékeinkkel.
in the metaphor of our beloved dog here.
kutyánk metaforájával.
without violating our values,
nélkül megszereznünk a kolbászt,
we actually violate values,
predictive in these experiments.
e kísérletekben elég informatív,
of the population
a distribution around it --
we all are different.
above the average,
by lying by about 25 percent.
pénz értéke kb. 25%-kal csökken.
for them to behave honestly.
viselkedésért igénybe vettünk volna.
mindezen gyönyörű értékeknek.
all these beautiful values, right?
that richness in human nature
hogy az emberi természet gazdagsága
the workings of our organizations.
very, very different visions here.
az előnyökre és a költségekre,
to behave according to them.
hogy e szerint viselkedjenek.
akiknek ezek az értékeik,
a megkívánt tulajdonságok:
characteristics, of course --
in line with your organization.
these protected values really come from.
erednek e védett értékek:
looks pretty similar for men and women.
mind nők esetén eléggé hasonló,
for those who had studied economics
around different age categories
hogy életünk során ez miként alakul.
how this develops over a lifetime.
of future research.
that incentives work.
the right people
kiválasztásában jobban,
and then putting incentives in place.
with the right values
megfelelő ember kiválasztása
to saving a lot of trouble
helyezzük a hangsúlyt.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alexander Wagner - EconomistAlexander Wagner balances two passions: the thrill of seeking knowledge about fundamentals of human behavior for knowledge's sake, and the desire to apply insights in the real world and to improve the workings of markets and organizations.
Why you should listen
Alexander Wagner has discovered that to most people, what matters is not only how much money they receive but also whether they behaved honestly to receive that money. As Swiss Finance Institute professor at the University of Zurich's Department of Banking and Finance, Wagner has taught corporate finance to thousands of eager students and hundreds of motivated executives, and he has helped shape governance systems of companies large and small. His recent research deals with how investors perceive managerial words and deeds … and with the stock market implications of the Trump election.
Alexander Wagner | Speaker | TED.com