Rébecca Kleinberger: Why you don't like the sound of your own voice
レベッカ・クラインバーガー: 自分の声が嫌だと感じるのはなぜか
Rébecca Kleinberger is a voice expert pursuing research as a PhD candidate in the MIT Media Lab’s Opera of the Future group. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
we started standing on our feet,
自身の脚で立つようになり
the masters of our environment.
自然を支配するようになったのだ」
started growing much bigger,
脳が肥大したおかげで
much more complex cognitive processes.
と言う学者もいるでしょう
that it's because we developed language
種として進化できたのだと
phenomena are all connected.
現象はすべてつながっています
わかりません
in the back of your neck
形状変化に起因しています
between our head and our body.
角度が変わったのです
to evolve in the back
from seven centimeters for primates
7センチメートルでしたが
大きくなりました
the descent of the larynx.
their larynx is not descended yet.
生まれた時点ではまだ下降していません
at about three months old.
ここにいる私たち一人ひとりが
of our whole species.
自ら辿ってきているということです
in your mother's womb,
成長を始めて
coming from the outside world,
when you were about the size of a shrimp,
小エビ程度の大きさしかない時です—
of your mother's voice.
is quite meaningful and important
とても意味があり 重要なのです
and create bonds,
絆を築く方法です
and interpersonal levels --
「個人間」のレベルでも
than words and data,
はるかに多くを伝えます
表現するわけです
from how other people see us.
私たち自身の印象と区別できません
かぶっている仮面なのです
is far from obvious.
関係は非常に不明瞭です
we use it as a gift to give to others.
他人に「与える」という形で使います
言葉で行っているわけです
どう思っていますか?
when you hear it on a recording machine.
嫌だという人?
録音された自分の声は嫌いだと言います
the sound of their voice recording.
in the next 10 minutes.
研究室の所属です
focuses on the relationship
人が自分の声や他人の声と
調べています
and with the voices of others.
from listening to voices,
導き出せることを研究しています
cognitive sciences, linguistics.
言語学まで含まれます
tools and experiences
ツールやアクティビティを使えば
applied understanding of their voice
実生活にも役立ちます
深めたりなどです
with a holistic approach on the voice.
あらゆる側面を考える必要があります
the applications and implications
何に使えるのか
as we discover more about it.
色々と考えてみてください
同時に動かす必要があります
of more than 100 muscles in your body.
of what happens inside.
異変についてもわかるのです
types of turbulences
いくつかの非常に特徴的な乱れや
very early stages of Parkinson's,
発見するのに役立ちます
can help detect heart disease.
心臓病の発見に役立ちます
inside individual words
テンポの変化が
であることもわかっています
with your hormone levels.
深く連動しています
place the speaker
どの時期にいるのかを
listening to us all the time,
常に私たちの声を聴いています
if you're pregnant
あなた自身が気づく前に
application of that.
考えてみてください
to how you create relationships.
深い繋がりがあります
for every person you talk to.
それぞれに向けて違った声を出すんです
of your voice and I analyze it,
断片的なサンプルを分析すれば
to your mother, to your brother,
友人なのか上司なのかがわかります
the vocal posture.
将来の予測も可能です
your voice when you talk to someone.
声を出しているかです
when you talk to your spouse,
but also when you will divorce.
いつ離婚するかまで予測できるのです
たくさんあるということです
from listening to voices.
with understanding
1つではないと
始めなければいけません
about three voices that most of us posses,
3つの声について
お話ししますね
of a character.
to think about the voice,
最も古典的です
yourself in the world.
世界に投影する方法なのです
is well understood.
よく知られています
肺から空気が押し出され
vibration of your vocal fold,
the cavities in you mouth,
開閉することで
transform the sound.
大きく異なります
in size, physiology, in hormone levels
といった ごく僅かな違いにより
differences in your outward voice.
ごく僅かな違いが生まれるためです
この僅かな違いを感じ取るのに長けています
from other people's outward voices.
on teaching machines
この僅かな違いを読み取れるよう
a real-time speaker identification system
即時話者識別システムに利用し
on the use of the shared vocal space --
意識向上に役立てています
talks during meetings --
誰が黙っているのかなど
is that your voice is also not static.
人の声は不変ではないということです
with every person you talk to
自分が出す声も変わるとお話ししましたが
throughout your life.
声は変化していきます
and at the end of the journey,
非常に似ています
聴き分けるのは非常に難しいものです
from the voice of a very young boy.
becomes a marker of your fluid identity.
移り変わるアイデンティティの標識となります
there's a big change at puberty.
思春期に大きく変化します
and a big change at menopause.
閉経時にも大きく変化します
other people hear when you talk.
周りの人々が聞くあなたの声についてです
unfamiliar with it?
こんなにも馴染みがないのでしょう
the voice that we hear?
外に出る声と違うのでしょう
you actually don't see the mask.
その仮面は自分には見えません
what you will see is inside of the mask.
仮面の内側です
of perception of this inward voice.
メカニズムを考えてみましょう
of filtering it differently
フィルターの経路は
it first has to travel to your ears.
まず 耳に届かなければなりません
travels through the air
空気中を伝わりますが
travels through your bones.
骨を通って伝わります
is going to sound in a lower register
低い声区の中で響き
than your outward voice.
音楽的に調和が取れているのです
it has to access your inner ear.
次は内耳に届きます
taking place here.
that comes and protects your inner ear
内耳を保護しようと働く小さな仕切りです
下げる機能もあります
it's a biological filter.
生物学的なフィルターです
音を処理する蝸牛という器官は
inner ear that processes the sound --
are going to trigger differently
音が聞こえる頻度によって
they hear the sound.
you hear the most in your life,
最も多く聞く音でありながら
than other sounds.
他の音よりも少ないのです
to create a sound,
停止するそうです
to the sound of your voice.
聴いていないという訳です
that might make sense,
もっともなことかもしれません
what we are going to sound like
認知上では知っているからです
to spend energy analyzing the signal.
費やす必要はないのかもしれません
that your body does.
起こるものです
of a corollary discharge
that is sent by the brain.
to other regions of the brain
次に起こる動作は何かを伝達するため
discharge also has a different name.
別の呼び名があります
「外向きの声」があり
「内向きの声」があり
as the puppeteer
of the whole system.
when you read a text silently,
for an important conversation.
リハーサルしているときです
written in your native language,
内声が読まないようにするのは
that refuse to stop singing
止めようとしても
it's actually impossible to control it.
という人もいます
of schizophrenic patients,
between voices coming from inside
working on small devices
こういった人たちが
make those distinctions
外側のら来ている声とを
is internal or external.
小型デバイスを開発中です
as the voice that speaks in your dream.
夢の中で聞こえる声とも考えられます
the potential of this inner voice.
解き放っているというわけです
we are doing in our lab:
もう一つの研究で
this inner voice in dreams.
アクセスすることです
ありませんが
you can always engage with it
いつだってできます
間に存在する繋がりが
between thought and actions.
自分が持つすべての声についてや
with a better appreciation,
果たす役割についての理解が
inside and outside of you --
determinant of what makes you humans
非常に重要な決定因子であり
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rébecca Kleinberger - Voice expertRébecca Kleinberger is a voice expert pursuing research as a PhD candidate in the MIT Media Lab’s Opera of the Future group.
Why you should listen
Rébecca Kleinberger creatively mixes science, engineering, design and art to explore ways to craft experiences for vocal connection. As part of this work, she designs unique experiences to help people connect with themselves and with others. She accomplishes this using approaches that include projection mapping, virtual reality, rapid prototyping, deep learning, real-time digital signal processing, lasers, wearable technologies and robotics. See examples ranging from a projection ball gown to a memory music box to assistive wearable devices for stutterers on her portfolio.
Throughout six years of work on self-reflection technologies, Kleinberger has developed unique expertise on the human voice as a means of self-connection as well as with others and between species. Her research spans a wide range of fields including neurology, human-computer interaction, psychology, cognitive sciences, physics, biology, clinical research, linguistics, communication theory and assistive technologies. With these tools, people discover more about themselves and the expression they project.
Kleinberger's work was featured on the cover of the Financial Times Magazine and has been shown at a wide range of events and venues including the Museum of Fine Art in Boston, Le Laboratoire in Paris, Siggraph Art exhibition in Los Angeles, the "Hacking Consciousness"exhibit at the Harvard Divinity School and EMF camp in the UK. She has collaborated with Microsoft Research UK and the Google Magenta team and has presented her research at a host of international conferences. Working with Tod Machover, head of the Opera of the Future group, and other group members, her research has also been deployed outside the MIT Media Lab as part of live shows and novel esthetic experiences at Maison Symphonique de Montreal, the Lucerne Festival in Switzerland and the Winspear Opera House in Dallas. Her work has also been featured in Engadget and "60 Minutes."
Kleinberger graduated from École National des Arts et Métiers in Paris with a Master's of Mechanical Engineering and from University College London with a Master of Research in Virtual Environments, Imaging and Visualization. She is also experienced in the art of shearing sheep and raising hedgehogs.
(Photo: Stephanie Ku)
Rébecca Kleinberger | Speaker | TED.com