ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Françoise Mouly - Art editor
Françoise Mouly is The New Yorker's longtime art editor.

Why you should listen

Françoise Mouly joined The New Yorker as art editor in April 1993. She has been responsible for more than 1,000 covers over her tenure at The New Yorker, many of which were chosen by The American Society of Magazine Editors as "best cover of the year."

Mouly is the publisher and editorial director of TOON Books, an imprint of comics and visual narratives for young readers. In 2017, Mouly began publishing RESIST!, a giveaway newspaper of comics and graphics, coedited with her daughter, writer Nadja Spiegelman.

Since 1980, Mouly has founded and co-edited (with collaborator and husband Art Spiegelman) the groundbreaking comics anthology RAW; the New York Times-bestselling Little Lit series; and the TOON Treasury of Classic Children's Comics. Born in Paris, Mouly studied architecture at the Beaux Arts before she moving to New York. Among her many awards, she has received France's highest honor, the Legion of Honneur and, in 2015, the Smithsonian Ingenuity Award for her work in education.

(Photo: Sarah Shatz)

More profile about the speaker
Françoise Mouly | Speaker | TED.com
TEDNYC

Françoise Mouly: The stories behind The New Yorker's iconic covers

Françoise Mouly: As histórias por trás das icônicas capas da The New Yorker

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Conheça Françoise Mouly, a diretora de arte do The New Yorker. Pelos últimos 24 anos, ela ajudou a decidir o que aparece na famosa capa da revista, desde a representação das Torres Gêmeas em preto no fundo preto na semana após o 11 de setembro, até a brincadeira com o mascote almofadinha da revista, Eustace Tilley, influenciada pela Rússia. Nesta retrospectiva visual, Mouly considera como uma simples imagem pode se destacar no mar de imagens que vemos todos os dias e, elegantemente, capturar o sentimento e a sensibilidade de um momento no tempo.
- Art editor
Françoise Mouly is The New Yorker's longtime art editor. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

Há 24 anos, vim para a The New Yorker
como editora de arte
00:12
So 24 years ago,
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00:14
I was brought to The New Yorker
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00:16
as art editor
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00:18
to rejuvenate
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para rejuvenescer o que tinha
se tornado uma instituição estagnada,
00:22
what had by then become
a somewhat staid institution
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00:27
and to bring in new artists
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para trazer novos artistas
e fazer a empresa sair de seu pedestal
00:29
and to try to bring the magazine
from its ivory tower
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00:33
into engaging with its time.
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e engajar-se em seu tempo.
00:36
And it was just
the right thing for me to do
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Essa era a coisa certa para mim,
porque sempre fui fascinada
00:39
because I've always been captivated
by how an image can --
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por como uma imagem, um simples desenho,
00:44
a simple drawing --
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00:45
can cut through the torrent of images
that we see every single day.
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pode atravessar um mar de imagens
que vemos todos os dias.
00:50
How it can capture a moment,
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Como pode capturar um momento,
00:53
how it can crystallize
a social trend or a complex event
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cristalizar uma tendência social
ou um evento complexo
00:58
in a way that a lot of words
wouldn't be able to do --
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de uma forma que muitas palavras
não seriam capazes,
01:03
and reduce it to its essence
and turn it into a cartoon.
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e reduzi-lo a sua essência
transformando-o em um cartum.
01:07
So I went to the library
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Então fui à biblioteca
e olhei a primeira capa,
01:09
and I looked at the first cover
drawn by Rea Irvin in 1925 --
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desenhada por Rea Irvin em 1925:
01:15
a dandy looking at a butterfly
through his monocle,
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um almofadinha olhando uma borboleta
através do seu monóculo,
01:20
and we call it Eustace Tilley.
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que nós chamamos de "Eustace Tilley".
01:24
And I realized that
as the magazine had become known
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Percebi que, como a revista
se tornou conhecida
01:28
for its in-depth research
and long reports,
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por sua pesquisa detalhada
e seus longos relatórios,
01:33
some of the humor
had gotten lost along the way,
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parte do humor se perdeu
ao longo do caminho,
01:36
because now often Eustace Tilley
was seen as a haughty dandy,
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porque Eustace Tilley era comumente
visto como um almofadinha arrogante,
01:41
but in fact, in 1925,
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mas, na verdade, em 1925,
01:44
when Rea Irvin first drew this image,
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quando Rea Irvin desenhou essa imagem,
01:48
he did it as part of a humor magazine
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ele a fez como parte de uma seção de humor
para entreter a juventude da época,
01:50
to amuse the youth of the era,
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01:53
which was the flappers
of the roaring twenties.
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que eram as melindrosas
dos loucos anos 20.
01:57
And in the library,
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E na biblioteca, encontrei imagens
que realmente capturaram
01:58
I found the images
that really captured the zeitgeist
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o espírito da época da Grande Depressão.
02:03
of the Great Depression.
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02:05
And it showed us
not just how people dressed
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E nos mostraram não apenas como as pessoas
se vestiam ou como eram seus carros,
02:10
or what their cars looked like,
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02:11
but also what made them laugh,
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mas também o que as fazia rir,
02:15
what their prejudices were.
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quais eram seus preconceitos.
02:17
And you really got a sense
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Você realmente tinha a noção
de como era viver nos anos 30.
02:19
of what it felt like
to be alive in the '30s.
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02:23
So I called on contemporary artists,
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Então convoquei artistas
contemporâneos, como Adrian Tomine.
02:27
such as Adrian Tomine here.
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02:29
I often call on narrative artists --
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Geralmente chamo artistas narrativos,
cartunistas, autores de livros infantis,
02:32
cartoonists, children's book authors --
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02:35
and I give them themes such as,
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e dou a eles temas como:
02:38
you know, what it's like
to be in the subway,
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como é estar no metrô,
ou o dia dos namorados,
02:41
or Valentine's Day,
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02:43
and they send me sketches.
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e eles me mandam esboços.
02:44
And once the sketches
are approved by the editor,
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E, quando os esboços são
aprovados pelo editor, David Remnick,
02:48
David Remnick,
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02:51
it's a go.
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é o sinal verde.
02:53
And I love the way
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Eu amo a forma como essas imagens
não estão lhe dizendo o que pensar,
02:55
those images are actually
not telling you what to think.
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03:00
But they do make you think,
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mas elas te fazem pensar,
porque o artista, na verdade...
03:02
because the artist is actually --
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03:07
it's almost a puzzle;
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é quase um quebra-cabeças;
o artista desenha os pontos,
03:09
the artist is drawing the dots,
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03:10
and you, the reader,
have to complete the picture.
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e você, o leitor, tem
que completar a imagem.
03:14
So to get this image
on the left by Anita Kunz,
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Então, para entender essa imagem
na esquerda, de Anita Kunz,
03:17
or the one on right by Tomer Hanuka,
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ou a da direita, de Tomer Hanuka,
03:20
you have to play spot the differences.
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você tem que perceber as diferenças.
03:24
And it is something that ...
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É algo que...
03:27
It's really exciting to see
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É emocionante ver
03:31
how the engagement with the reader ...
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como a interação com o leitor...
03:37
how those images really capture --
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como essas imagens realmente capturam...
como brincam com os estereótipos,
03:42
play with the stereotypes.
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03:44
But when you get it,
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mas, quando você entende, elas alteram
os estereótipos que estão na sua cabeça.
03:45
it rearranges the stereotypes
that are in your head.
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03:49
But the images don't
just have to show people,
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Mas as imagens não precisam
apenas mostrar pessoas,
03:52
sometimes it can be a feeling.
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às vezes pode ser um sentimento.
03:55
Right after September 11,
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Logo após o 11 de setembro,
03:58
I was at a point,
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eu estava em um ponto, como todo mundo,
04:00
like everybody else,
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04:02
where I really didn't know how to deal
with what we were going through,
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no qual eu não sabia como lidar
com o que estávamos passando.
04:07
and I felt that no image
could capture this moment,
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Eu senti que nenhuma imagem
poderia capturar aquele momento,
04:12
and I wanted to just do a black cover,
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eu queria fazer apenas uma capa preta,
como se não tivesse capa.
04:15
like no cover.
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04:16
And I talked to my husband,
cartoonist Art Spiegelman,
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Eu falei com meu marido,
o cartunista Art Spiegelman,
04:20
and mentioned to him
that I was going to propose that,
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e mencionei a ele que eu iria propor isso,
04:24
and he said, "Oh, if you're
going to do a black cover,
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e ele disse: "Se você vai
fazer uma capa preta,
04:27
then why don't you do
the silhouette of the Twin Towers,
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por que não faz uma silhueta
das Torres Gêmeas, preto sobre preto?"
04:31
black on black?"
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04:32
And I sat down to draw this,
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Eu sentei e desenhei isso,
e, assim que a vi,
04:34
and as soon as I saw it,
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04:36
a shiver ran down my spine
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senti um arrepio na espinha e percebi
04:38
and I realized
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04:40
that in this refusal to make an image,
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que ao me recusar a fazer uma imagem,
04:44
we had found a way to capture loss
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nós encontramos uma forma
de capturar a perda,
04:49
and mourning
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o luto e a ausência.
04:50
and absence.
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04:53
And it's been a profound thing
that I learned in the process --
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Foi uma coisa tão profunda
que aprendi no processo
04:58
that sometimes some of the images
that say the most
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que, às vezes, algumas
das imagens que falam mais
05:04
do it with the most spare means.
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fazem isso das formas mais simples.
05:07
And a simple image can speak volumes.
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Uma simples imagem pode falar muito.
05:11
So this is the image
that we published by Bob Staake
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Esta é a imagem de Bob Staake, publicada
05:14
right after the election of Barack Obama,
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logo após a eleição de Barack Obama.
05:20
and captured a historic moment.
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Ela capturou um momento histórico.
05:23
But we can't really plan for this,
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Mas não podemos planejar isso,
porque para poder fazer isso,
05:25
because in order to do this,
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05:26
we have to let the artist
experience the emotions that we all feel
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precisamos deixar o artista
vivenciar as emoções que todos sentimos
05:33
when that is happening.
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no momento em que está acontecendo.
05:35
So back in November 2016,
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Então, em novembro de 2016,
05:39
during the election last year,
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durante a eleição do ano passado,
05:41
the only image that we
could publish was this,
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a única imagem que poderíamos
publicar era essa,
05:45
which was on the stand
on the week that everybody voted.
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que estava nas bancas
na semana em que todos votaram.
[Por favor, meu Deus, não.
Tudo menos isso.] (Risos)
05:49
(Laughter)
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05:50
Because we knew
somebody would feel this --
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Porque sabíamos que alguém sentiria isso.
05:52
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
05:54
when the result of the election
was announced.
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Quando o resultado
da eleição foi anunciado,
05:58
And when we found out the result,
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quando soubemos o resultado,
06:02
we really were at a loss,
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nós estávamos perdidos,
06:04
and this is the image
that was sent by Bob Staake again,
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e esta foi a imagem enviada
por Bob Staake, novamente,
06:10
and that really hit a chord.
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e ela foi direto ao ponto.
06:14
And again,
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E mais uma vez,
06:15
we can't really figure out
what's going to come next,
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nós não sabíamos realmente
o que viria a seguir,
06:22
but here it felt like we didn't
know how to move forward,
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mas aqui sentimos que não
sabíamos como seguir em frente,
06:24
but we did move forward,
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mas seguimos em frente,
06:26
and this is the image that we published
after Donald Trump's election
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e esta foi a imagem que publicamos
após a eleição de Donald Trump,
06:32
and at the time of the Women's March
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na época da Marcha das Mulheres
em todos os Estados Unidos.
06:35
all over the US.
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06:38
So over those 24 years,
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Então, durante esses 24 anos,
06:40
I have seen over 1,000 images
come to life week after week,
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eu vi mais de mil imagens
ganharem vida semana após semana,
06:44
and I'm often asked
which one is my favorite,
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e muitas vezes me perguntam
qual é a minha favorita,
mas não consigo escolher uma,
porque o que me deixa mais orgulhosa
06:47
but I can't pick one
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06:49
because what I'm most proud of
is how different every image is,
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é o fato de serem tão diferentes
umas das outras.
06:55
one from the other.
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06:56
And that's due to the talent
and the diversity
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Isso se deve ao talento e à diversidade
06:59
of all of the artists that contribute.
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de todos os artistas que contribuem.
07:03
And now, well,
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E agora pertencemos à Russia, então...
07:05
now, we're owned by Russia,
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07:07
so --
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07:08
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
07:09
In a rendering by Barry Blitt here,
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Neste desenho feito por Barry Blitt,
07:12
Eustace has become
Eustace Vladimirovich Tilley.
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Eustace se tornou
"Eustace Vladimirovich Tilley".
A borboleta é, nada mais nada menos,
07:17
And the butterfly is none other
than a flabbergasted Donald Trump
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que Donald Trump surpreso batendo as asas,
07:22
flapping his wings,
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07:24
trying to figure out
how to control the butterfly effect,
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tentando entender como
controlar o efeito borboleta,
07:28
and the famed logo
that was drawn by Rae Irvin in 1925
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e o famoso logotipo, que foi desenhado
por Rae Irvin em 1925,
07:33
is now in Cyrillic.
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está agora no alfabeto russo.
07:35
So, what makes me really excited
about this moment
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Então, o que me deixa muito
empolgada sobre este momento
07:40
is the way that ...
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é a forma como...
07:44
You know, free press
is essential to our democracy.
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Uma imprensa livre é essencial
para nossa democracia.
07:48
And we can see from
the sublime to the ridiculous
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Nós podemos ver isso do sutil ao ridículo,
07:52
that artists can capture what is going on
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que artistas conseguem capturar
o que está acontecendo
07:56
in a way that an artist
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de tal forma que um artista,
07:59
armed with just India ink and watercolor
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armado apenas com nanquim e aquarela,
08:04
can capture and enter
into the cultural dialogue.
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pode capturar e entrar
no diálogo cultural.
08:10
It puts those artists
at the center of that culture,
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Isso coloca estes artistas
no centro dessa cultura,
08:15
and that's exactly
where I think they should be.
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exatamente no lugar onde
eu acho que deveriam estar.
08:18
Because the main thing we need
right now is a good cartoon.
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Porque o que mais precisamos
agora é de um bom cartum.
08:22
Thank you.
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Obrigada.
08:23
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
Translated by Nicole Kleiber
Reviewed by Erick Araújo

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Françoise Mouly - Art editor
Françoise Mouly is The New Yorker's longtime art editor.

Why you should listen

Françoise Mouly joined The New Yorker as art editor in April 1993. She has been responsible for more than 1,000 covers over her tenure at The New Yorker, many of which were chosen by The American Society of Magazine Editors as "best cover of the year."

Mouly is the publisher and editorial director of TOON Books, an imprint of comics and visual narratives for young readers. In 2017, Mouly began publishing RESIST!, a giveaway newspaper of comics and graphics, coedited with her daughter, writer Nadja Spiegelman.

Since 1980, Mouly has founded and co-edited (with collaborator and husband Art Spiegelman) the groundbreaking comics anthology RAW; the New York Times-bestselling Little Lit series; and the TOON Treasury of Classic Children's Comics. Born in Paris, Mouly studied architecture at the Beaux Arts before she moving to New York. Among her many awards, she has received France's highest honor, the Legion of Honneur and, in 2015, the Smithsonian Ingenuity Award for her work in education.

(Photo: Sarah Shatz)

More profile about the speaker
Françoise Mouly | Speaker | TED.com

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