TEDGlobal 2011
Julia Bacha: Pay attention to nonviolence
Julia Bacha: Obratite pažnju na nenasilje
Filmed:
Readability: 4.7
857,162 views
Palestinsko selo, Budrus, je 2003. godine pokrenulo desetomjesečni nenasilni protest kako bi zaustavili izgradnju barijere preko njihovih maslinjaka. Da li ste čuli za to? Nisam ni mislila da jeste. Brazilska redateljica Julia Bacha pita zbog čega u izraelsko-palestinskom sukobu obraćamo pažnju samo na nasilje -- umjesto na nenasilne vođe koji bi jednoga dana mogli donijeti mir.
Julia Bacha - Filmmaker
Julia Bacha is the creative director at Just Vision, an organization that uses film and multimedia storytelling to foster constructive conversations on some of the most divisive issues of our times. Full bio
Julia Bacha is the creative director at Just Vision, an organization that uses film and multimedia storytelling to foster constructive conversations on some of the most divisive issues of our times. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I'm a filmmaker.
0
0
2000
Ja sam filmska redateljica.
00:17
For the last 8 years,
1
2000
2000
Poslednjih 8 godina
00:19
I have dedicated my life
2
4000
2000
svoj život sam posvetila
00:21
to documenting the work
3
6000
2000
dokumentovanju napora
00:23
of Israelis and Palestinians
4
8000
2000
onih Izraelaca i Palestinaca
00:25
who are trying to end the conflict
5
10000
2000
koji pokušavaju zaustaviti konflikt
00:27
using peaceful means.
6
12000
2000
pomoću miroljubivih sredstava.
00:29
When I travel with my work
7
14000
2000
Kada zbog posla putujem
00:31
across Europe and the United States,
8
16000
2000
kroz Evropu i Sjedinjene Države
00:33
one question always comes up:
9
18000
3000
uvijek se pojavi jedno pitanje:
00:38
Where is the Palestinian Gandhi?
10
23000
2000
Gdje je palestinski Gandhi?
00:40
Why aren't Palestinians
11
25000
2000
Zbog čega palestinci
00:42
using nonviolent resistance?
12
27000
3000
ne koriste nenasilan otpor?
00:45
The challenge I face when I hear this question
13
30000
3000
Izazov sa kojim se suočim kada čujem ovo pitanje
00:48
is that often I have just returned from the Middle East
14
33000
3000
jeste da često bude upravo po mom povratku sa Bliskog istoka
00:51
where I spent my time
15
36000
2000
gdje provodim vrijeme
00:53
filming dozens of Palestinians
16
38000
2000
snimajući na desetine Palestinaca
00:55
who are using nonviolence
17
40000
2000
koji nenasiljem
00:57
to defend their lands
18
42000
2000
pokušavaju odbraniti svoju zemlju
00:59
and water resources
19
44000
2000
i izvore vode
01:01
from Israeli soldiers and settlers.
20
46000
3000
od izraelskih vojnika i naseljenika.
01:04
These leaders are trying to forge
21
49000
3000
Ove vođe pokušavaju uspostaviti
01:07
a massive national nonviolent movement
22
52000
3000
masivan nacionalni nenasilni pokret
01:10
to end the occupation
23
55000
2000
kako bi okončali okupaciju
01:12
and build peace in the region.
24
57000
2000
i izgradili mir u regionu.
01:14
Yet, most of you
25
59000
2000
Ipak, većina vas
01:16
have probably never heard about them.
26
61000
3000
vjerovatno nikada nije čula za njih.
01:19
This divide between what's happening on the ground
27
64000
2000
Ta podjela između onoga što se dešava na terenu
01:21
and perceptions abroad
28
66000
2000
i percepcije izvana
01:23
is one of the key reasons
29
68000
2000
jedan je od ključnih razloga
01:25
why we don't have yet
30
70000
2000
zbog kojih do sada
01:27
a Palestinian peaceful resistance movement
31
72000
3000
nismo imali palestinski mirovni pokret otpora
01:30
that has been successful.
32
75000
3000
koji bi bio uspješan.
01:33
So I'm here today
33
78000
2000
Zbog toga sam ja danas ovdje,
01:35
to talk about the power of attention,
34
80000
2000
da pričam o moći pažnje,
01:37
the power of your attention,
35
82000
3000
moći vaše pažnje,
01:40
and the emergence and development
36
85000
2000
te nastajanju i razvoju
01:42
of nonviolent movements
37
87000
2000
nenasilnih pokreta
01:44
in the West Bank, Gaza and elsewhere --
38
89000
3000
na Zapadnoj obali, u Gazi i drugdje --
01:47
but today, my case study is going to be Palestine.
39
92000
3000
međutim, danas ću se posebno pozabaviti Palestinom.
01:51
I believe that what's mostly missing
40
96000
2000
Smatram da ono što najviše nedostaje
01:53
for nonviolence to grow
41
98000
2000
kako bi pokret nenasilja rastao
01:55
is not for Palestinians
42
100000
2000
nije da palestinci
01:57
to start adopting nonviolence,
43
102000
3000
počnu prihvatati nenasilje,
02:00
but for us to start paying attention
44
105000
3000
već da mi počnemo obraćati pažnju
02:03
to those who already are.
45
108000
3000
na one koji su nenasilje već prihvatili.
02:07
Allow me to illustrate this point
46
112000
2000
Dopustite mi da vam ovo prikažem na ilustrativan način
02:09
by taking you to this village
47
114000
2000
tako što ću vas odvesti u selo
02:11
called Budrus.
48
116000
2000
po imenu Budrus.
02:13
About seven years ago,
49
118000
2000
Otprilike prije nekih sedam godina,
02:15
they faced extinction,
50
120000
2000
stanovništvo ovog sela je bilo suočeno sa istrjebljenjem
02:17
because Israel announced it would build a separation barrier,
51
122000
2000
jer je Izrael najavio da će izgraditi liniju odvajanja,
02:19
and part of this barrier
52
124000
2000
a dio te linije
02:21
would be built on top of the village.
53
126000
2000
trebao je biti izgrađen na samom vrhu sela.
02:23
They would lose 40 percent of their land
54
128000
2000
Oni bi time izgubili 40% svoje zemlje
02:25
and be surrounded,
55
130000
2000
i bili bi potpuno okruženi,
02:27
so they would lose free access
56
132000
2000
te bi tako izgubili slobodan pristup
02:29
to the rest of the West Bank.
57
134000
2000
ostatku Zapadne obale.
02:31
Through inspired local leadership,
58
136000
2000
Putem inspirisanog lokalnog vodstva
02:33
they launched a peaceful resistance campaign
59
138000
3000
pokrenuli su mirnu kampanju otpora
02:36
to stop that from happening.
60
141000
2000
kako bi onemogućili da do toga dođe.
02:38
Let me show you some brief clips,
61
143000
2000
Dajte da vam pokažem kratke snimke
02:40
so you have a sense
62
145000
2000
kako biste imali osjećaj
02:42
for what that actually looked like on the ground.
63
147000
3000
kako je to zapravo izgledalo na terenu.
02:45
(Music)
64
150000
4000
(Muzika)
02:51
Palestinian Woman: We were told the wall
65
156000
3000
Palestinka: Rečeno nam je da će zid
02:54
would separate Palestine from Israel.
66
159000
3000
odvojiti Palestinu od Izraela.
02:57
Here in Budrus,
67
162000
2000
Ovdje u Budrusu
02:59
we realized the wall would steal our land.
68
164000
2000
smo shvatili da bi zid ukrao našu zemlju.
03:01
Israeli Man: The fence has, in fact,
69
166000
2000
Izraelac: Ograda je, zapravo,
03:03
created a solution to terror.
70
168000
2000
stvorila rješenje za teror.
03:06
Man: Today you're invited
71
171000
3000
Čovjek: Danas ste pozvani
03:09
to a peaceful march.
72
174000
4000
na mirovni marš.
03:15
You are joined
73
180000
3000
Pridružiće vam se
03:18
by dozens of your Israeli brothers and sisters.
74
183000
2000
na desetine vaših braća i sestara izraelaca.
03:20
Israeli Activist: Nothing scares the army
75
185000
3000
Izraelski aktivist: Vojsku ništa tako ne plaši
03:23
more than nonviolent opposition.
76
188000
2000
kao nenasilan otpor.
03:28
Woman: We saw the men
77
193000
2000
Žena: Vidjeli smo kako muškarci
03:30
trying to push the soldiers,
78
195000
2000
pokušavaju pogurati vojnike,
03:32
but none of them could do that.
79
197000
3000
no nijedan od njih nije uspio u tome.
03:35
But I think the girls could do it.
80
200000
2000
Ali ja mislim da bi čak i djevojke to mogle uraditi.
03:42
Fatah Party Member: We must empty our minds
81
207000
3000
Član Fataha: Moramo osloboditi naše umove
03:45
of traditional thinking.
82
210000
2000
od tradicionalnog razmišljanja.
03:50
Hamas Party Member: We were in complete harmony,
83
215000
3000
Član Hamasa: Mi smo u potpunoj harmoniji
03:53
and we wanted to spread it to all of Palestine.
84
218000
3000
koju želimo proširiti na cijelu Palestinu.
03:56
Chanting: One united nation.
85
221000
2000
Pjesma: Jedna ujedinjena nacija.
03:58
Fatah, Hamas and the Popular Front!
86
223000
3000
Fatah, Hamas i Narodni front!
04:02
News Anchor: The clashes over the fence continue.
87
227000
2000
Novinar-spiker: Sukobi oko ograde se nastavljaju.
04:04
Reporter: Israeli border police were sent to disperse the crowd.
88
229000
4000
Izvještač: Izraelska granična policija je poslana kako bi razbila masu.
04:08
They were allowed to use any force necessary.
89
233000
2000
Dopušteno im je da primjene svu potrebnu silu.
04:10
(Gunshots)
90
235000
2000
(Pucnji)
04:12
Man: These are live bullets.
91
237000
2000
Muškarac: Ovo su pravi meci.
04:14
It's like Fallujah. Shooting everywhere.
92
239000
3000
Ovo je poput Falluje. Pucanje po svuda.
04:17
Israeli Activist: I was sure we were all going to die.
93
242000
3000
Izraelski aktivist: Bio sam siguran da ćemo umrijeti.
04:20
But there were others around me who weren't even cowering.
94
245000
4000
No, oko mene su bili drugi koji nisu čak ni ustuknuli.
04:28
Israeli Soldier: A nonviolent protest
95
253000
2000
Izraelski vojnik: Nenasilni protesti
04:30
is not going to stop the [unclear].
96
255000
3000
neće zaustaviti [nejasno].
04:33
Protester: This is a peaceful march.
97
258000
2000
Protestant: Ovo je miroljubiv marš.
04:35
There is no need to use violence.
98
260000
3000
Nema potrebe za upotrebom sile.
04:38
Chanting: We can do it! We can do it!
99
263000
4000
Pjesma: Mi to možemo. Mi to možemo.
04:42
We can do it!
100
267000
2000
Mi to možemo!
04:46
Julia Bacha: When I first heard
101
271000
2000
Julia Bacha: Kada sam prvi put čula
04:48
about the story of Budrus,
102
273000
2000
priču o Budrusu
04:50
I was surprised
103
275000
2000
bila sam iznenađena
04:52
that the international media had failed to cover
104
277000
3000
da međunarodni mediji nisu izvještavali
04:55
the extraordinary set of events
105
280000
2000
o takvom nevjerovatnom nizu događaja
04:57
that happened seven years ago,
106
282000
2000
koji su se desili prije sedam godina,
04:59
in 2003.
107
284000
2000
2003. godine.
05:01
What was even more surprising
108
286000
2000
Ono što je bilo još iznenađujuće
05:03
was the fact that Budrus was successful.
109
288000
3000
jeste činjenica da je Budrus bio uspješan.
05:06
The residents, after 10 months of peaceful resistance,
110
291000
3000
Stanovnici su, nakon 10 mjeseci mirnog otpora,
05:09
convinced the Israeli government
111
294000
3000
ubijedili izraelsku vladu
05:12
to move the route of the barrier off their lands
112
297000
3000
da pomjeri pravac barijere sa njihove zemlje
05:15
and to the green line,
113
300000
2000
ka zelenoj liniji,
05:17
which is the internationally recognized boundary
114
302000
3000
koja predstavlja međunarodno priznatu granicu
05:20
between Israel and the Palestinian Territories.
115
305000
3000
između izraelskih i palestinskih teritorija.
05:23
The resistance in Budrus
116
308000
2000
Otpor u Budrusu
05:25
has since spread
117
310000
2000
se od tada prenio
05:27
to villages across the West Bank
118
312000
2000
na sela širom Zapadne obale
05:29
and to Palestinian neighborhoods in Jerusalem.
119
314000
3000
i na palestinske četvrti u Jerusalemu.
05:33
Yet the media remains mostly silent
120
318000
3000
No, mediji su ipak uglavnom ostali nijemi
05:36
on these stories.
121
321000
3000
na ove priče.
05:39
This silence carries profound consequences
122
324000
3000
Ova tišina nosi duboke posljedice
05:42
for the likelihood
123
327000
2000
za vjerovatnoću
05:44
that nonviolence can grow,
124
329000
2000
da bi nenasilje moglo porasti,
05:46
or even survive,
125
331000
2000
ili čak preživjeti
05:48
in Palestine.
126
333000
2000
u Palestini.
05:50
Violent resistance
127
335000
2000
Nasilan otpor
05:52
and nonviolent resistance
128
337000
2000
i nenasilan otpor
05:54
share one very important thing in common;
129
339000
4000
imaju zajedničku jednu jako važnu stvar;
05:58
they are both a form of theater
130
343000
3000
i jedan i drugi su neka vrsta teatra
06:01
seeking an audience to their cause.
131
346000
3000
kojemu je potrebna publika da bi odbranio svoj slučaj.
06:04
If violent actors
132
349000
2000
Ako su akteri koji koriste nasilje
06:06
are the only ones constantly getting front-page covers
133
351000
3000
jedini koji su stalno na naslovnicama novina
06:09
and attracting international attention
134
354000
2000
i koji privlače međunarodnu pažnju
06:11
to the Palestinian issue,
135
356000
2000
na palestinsko pitanje,
06:13
it becomes very hard
136
358000
2000
postaće jako teško
06:15
for nonviolent leaders
137
360000
2000
vođama koji zagovaraju nenasilje
06:17
to make the case to their communities
138
362000
2000
da uvjere svoje zajednice
06:19
that civil disobedience
139
364000
2000
da je građanska neposlušnost
06:21
is a viable option
140
366000
2000
održiva opcija
06:23
in addressing their plight.
141
368000
2000
u rješavanju njihovog teškog položaja.
06:25
The power of attention
142
370000
2000
Moć pažnje
06:27
is probably going to come as no surprise
143
372000
2000
vjerovatno nije nikakvo iznenađenje
06:29
to the parents in the room.
144
374000
3000
onima među vama koji ste roditelji.
06:32
The surest way
145
377000
2000
Najsigurniji način
06:34
to make your child throw increasingly louder tantrums
146
379000
3000
da vaše dijete sve glasnije pokazuje bijes
06:37
is by giving him attention
147
382000
2000
jeste ako mu date pažnju
06:39
the first time he throws a fit.
148
384000
2000
prvoga puta kada počne sa tim.
06:41
The tantrum will become
149
386000
2000
Bijes će postati
06:43
what childhood psychologists call
150
388000
2000
ono što psiholozi koji se bave razdobljem djetinjstva nazivaju
06:45
a functional behavior,
151
390000
2000
funkcionalnim ponašanjem,
06:47
since the child has learned
152
392000
2000
jer je dijete naučilo
06:49
that he can get parental attention out of it.
153
394000
3000
da na taj način može pridobiti roditeljsku pažnju.
06:53
Parents can incentivize or disincentivize behavior
154
398000
4000
Roditelji mogu podstaći ili obeshrabriti takvo ponašanje
06:57
simply by giving or withdrawing
155
402000
2000
jednostavnim davanjem ili uzdržavanjem
06:59
attention to their children.
156
404000
3000
pažnje prema svojoj djeci.
07:02
But that's true for adults too.
157
407000
3000
No, ovo je podjednako tačno i za odrasle.
07:05
In fact, the behavior
158
410000
2000
Zapravo, na ponašanje
07:07
of entire communities and countries
159
412000
2000
cijelih zajednica i zemalja
07:09
can be influenced,
160
414000
2000
može se uticati,
07:11
depending on where
161
416000
2000
u ovisnosti gdje
07:13
the international community chooses
162
418000
2000
međunarodna zajednica odabere
07:15
to focus its attention.
163
420000
3000
da usmjeri svoju pažnju.
07:18
I believe that at the core of ending the conflict in the Middle East
164
423000
4000
Vjerujem da je u samoj srži okončanja sukoba na Bliskom istoku
07:22
and bringing peace
165
427000
2000
i uspostavljanja mira
07:24
is for us
166
429000
2000
da
07:26
to transform nonviolence
167
431000
2000
transformišemo nenasilje
07:28
into a functional behavior
168
433000
2000
u funkcionalno ponašanje
07:30
by giving a lot more attention
169
435000
2000
davanjem mnogo više pažnje
07:32
to the nonviolent leaders on the ground today.
170
437000
3000
nenasilnim vođama koji su danas na terenu.
07:36
In the course of taking my film to villages
171
441000
3000
Tokom snimanja filma u selima
07:39
in the West Bank, in Gaza and in East Jerusalem,
172
444000
3000
na Zapadnoj obali, u Gazi i istočnom Jerusalemu,
07:42
I have seen the impact
173
447000
2000
vidjela sam kakav uticaj
07:44
that even one documentary film can have
174
449000
3000
samo jedan dokumentarni film može imati
07:47
in influencing the transformation.
175
452000
4000
na podsticanje transformacije.
07:51
In a village called Wallajeh,
176
456000
2000
U selu po imenu Wallajeh,
07:53
which sits very close to Jerusalem,
177
458000
3000
koje je smješteno nedaleko od Jerusalema,
07:56
the community was facing
178
461000
2000
zajednica je bila suočena
07:58
a very similar plight to Budrus.
179
463000
2000
sa sličnim problemom kao u Budrusu.
08:00
They were going to be surrounded, lose a lot of their lands
180
465000
3000
I oni su se našli pred situacijom da budu okruženi, da izgube svoju zemlju,
08:03
and not have freedom of access,
181
468000
2000
i da nemaju pristup
08:05
either to the West Bank or Jerusalem.
182
470000
3000
ni Zapadnoj obali niti Jerusalemu.
08:08
They had been using nonviolence for about two years
183
473000
3000
Otprilike dvije godine su koristili nenasilje
08:11
but had grown disenchanted
184
476000
2000
ali su se postepeno razočarali
08:13
since nobody was paying attention.
185
478000
3000
jer niko nije obraćao pažnju na njih.
08:16
So we organized a screening.
186
481000
3000
Stoga smo organizovali snimanje.
08:19
A week later,
187
484000
2000
Sedam dana kasnije,
08:21
they held the most well-attended
188
486000
2000
održali su najposjećeniji
08:23
and disciplined
189
488000
2000
i najdisciplinovaniji
08:25
demonstration to date.
190
490000
3000
protest do sada.
08:28
The organizers say
191
493000
2000
Organizatori kažu
08:30
that the villagers, upon seeing the story of Budrus
192
495000
2000
da su stanovnici sela, kada su vidjeli priču o Budrusu
08:32
documented in a film,
193
497000
2000
dokumentovanu kroz film,
08:34
felt that there were indeed people
194
499000
2000
osjetili da zaista postoje ljudi
08:36
following what they were doing,
195
501000
2000
koji prate ono što su oni radili,
08:38
that people cared.
196
503000
2000
i da postoje ljudi kojima je stalo.
08:40
So they kept on going.
197
505000
2000
I tako su nastavili.
08:42
On the Israeli side,
198
507000
2000
Na izraelskoj strani
08:44
there is a new peace movement called Solidariot,
199
509000
3000
se pojavio novi mirovni pokret po imenu Solidariot,
08:47
which means solidarity in Hebrew.
200
512000
3000
što znači solidarnost na hebrejskom.
08:50
The leaders of this movement have been using Budrus
201
515000
3000
Vođe ovog pokreta koristili su Budrus
08:53
as one of their primary recruiting tools.
202
518000
3000
kao jedno od osnovnih oruđa za regrutovanje svojih članova.
08:56
They report
203
521000
2000
Oni svjedoče
08:58
that Israelis who had never been active before,
204
523000
2000
da su Izraelci koji nikada prije nisu bili aktivni,
09:00
upon seeing the film,
205
525000
2000
nakon što bi vidjeli film,
09:02
understand the power of nonviolence
206
527000
2000
shvatali moć nenasilja
09:04
and start joining their activities.
207
529000
2000
i da su otpočeli da se pridružuju njihovim aktivnostima.
09:06
The examples of Wallajeh
208
531000
2000
Primjer sela Wallajeh
09:08
and the Solidariot movement
209
533000
2000
i pokreta Solidariot
09:10
show that even a small-budget independent film
210
535000
4000
pokazuju da čak i niskobudžetni nezavisni film
09:14
can play a role
211
539000
2000
može imati ulogu
09:16
in transforming nonviolence
212
541000
2000
u transformisanju nenasilja
09:18
into a functional behavior.
213
543000
3000
u funkcionalno ponašanje.
09:21
Now imagine the power
214
546000
2000
Zamislite uticaj
09:23
that big media players could have
215
548000
3000
koji bi veliki mediji mogli imati
09:26
if they started covering
216
551000
2000
kada bi počeli izvještavati
09:28
the weekly nonviolent demonstrations
217
553000
2000
o sedmičnim nenasilnim protestima
09:30
happening in villages
218
555000
2000
koji se organizuju u selima
09:32
like Bil'in, Ni'lin,
219
557000
2000
poput Bil'in, Ni'lin,
09:34
Wallajeh,
220
559000
2000
Wallajeh,
09:36
in Jerusalem neighborhoods
221
561000
2000
u susjedstvima Jerusalema
09:38
like Sheikh Jarrah and Silwan --
222
563000
3000
kao što su Sheikh Jarrah i Silwan --
09:41
the nonviolent leaders
223
566000
2000
tako bi vođe nenasilnih akcija
09:43
would become more visible,
224
568000
2000
postale vidljivije,
09:45
valued and effective
225
570000
2000
te više vrijednovane i efikasne
09:47
in their work.
226
572000
3000
u svojim naporima.
09:50
I believe
227
575000
2000
Vjerujem
09:52
that the most important thing
228
577000
2000
da je najbitnije
09:54
is to understand
229
579000
2000
shvatiti
09:56
that if we don't pay attention to these efforts,
230
581000
3000
da ukoliko ne obratimo pažnju na ove napore,
09:59
they are invisible,
231
584000
2000
oni će ostati nevidljivima
10:01
and it's as if they never happened.
232
586000
2000
i biće kao da ovih protesta nikada nije ni bilo.
10:03
But I have seen first hand
233
588000
2000
Međutim, ja sam imala priliku da neposredno vidim
10:05
that if we do,
234
590000
2000
da ukoliko im damo pažnju,
10:07
they will multiply.
235
592000
2000
oni će se umnožiti.
10:09
If they multiply,
236
594000
2000
Ako se umnože,
10:11
their influence will grow
237
596000
2000
njihov uticaj će rasti
10:13
in the overall Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
238
598000
2000
na cjelokupan izraelsko-palestinski sukob.
10:15
And theirs is the kind of influence
239
600000
3000
A uticaj kakav bi oni imali
10:18
that can finally
240
603000
2000
konačno bi mogao
10:20
unblock the situation.
241
605000
2000
odblokirati situaciju.
10:22
These leaders have proven that nonviolence works
242
607000
3000
Ove vođe su dokazale da je nenasilje efikasno
10:25
in places like Budrus.
243
610000
2000
u mjestima poput Budrusa.
10:27
Let's give them attention
244
612000
2000
Dajmo im pažnju
10:29
so they can prove it works everywhere.
245
614000
3000
kako bi dokazali da može biti uspješno i drugdje.
10:32
Thank you.
246
617000
2000
Hvala vam.
10:34
(Applause)
247
619000
11000
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Julia Bacha - FilmmakerJulia Bacha is the creative director at Just Vision, an organization that uses film and multimedia storytelling to foster constructive conversations on some of the most divisive issues of our times.
Why you should listen
Bacha started her filmmaking career writing and editing Control Room (2004), a documentary about the inner workings of the Arab satellite television channel Al Jazeera. She then wrote and co-directed Encounter Point (2006) and directed Budrus (2009), both stories of courageous bridge-building between Palestinians and Israelis in a highly volatile environment. Her most recent film, My Neighborhood (2012), follows a Palestinian teenager struggling to reclaim his home in East Jerusalem from Jewish settlers. She is now directing a film about the Palestinian women who secretly led the First Intifada, for which she was awarded a 2016 Guggenheim Fellowship.
Julia Bacha | Speaker | TED.com