ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Stanley McChrystal - Military leader
General Stanley McChrystal is the former commander of U.S. and International forces in Afghanistan. A four-star general, he is credited for creating a revolution in warfare that fuses intelligence and operations.

Why you should listen

With a remarkable record of achievement, General Stanley McChrystal has been praised for creating a revolution in warfare that fused intelligence and operations. A four-star general, he is the former commander of U.S. and international forces in Afghanistan and the former leader of Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC), which oversees the military’s most sensitive forces. McChrystal’s leadership of JSOC is credited with the December 2003 capture of Saddam Hussein and the June 2006 location and killing of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, the leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq. McChrystal, a former Green Beret, is known for his candor.

After McChrystal graduated from West Point, he was commissioned as an infantry officer, and spent much of his career commanding special operations and airborne infantry units. During the Persian Gulf War, McChrystal served in a Joint Special Operations Task Force and later commanded the 75th Ranger Regiment. He completed year-long fellowships at Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government in 1997 and in 2000 at the Council on Foreign Relations. In 2002, he was appointed chief of staff of military operations in Afghanistan. Two years later, McChrystal was selected to deliver nationally televised Pentagon briefings about military operations in Iraq. From 2003 to 2008, McChrystal commanded JSOC and was responsible for leading the nation’s deployed military counter-terrorism efforts around the globe. He assumed command of all International Forces in Afghanistan in June 2009. President Obama’s order for an additional 30,000 troops to Afghanistan was based on McChrystal’s assessment of the war there. McChrystal retired from the military in August 2010.

More profile about the speaker
Stanley McChrystal | Speaker | TED.com
TED2014

Stanley McChrystal: The military case for sharing knowledge

Stenli Mekkristal (Stanley McChrystal): Vojni slučaj u korist deljenja informacija

Filmed:
1,059,925 views

Kada je general Stenli Mekkristal počeo da se bori protiv Al Kaide 2003, informacija i tajne su bile žila kucavica njegovih operacija. Ali kako se neuobičajena bitka odvijala, počeo je da razmišlja kako je kultura sakrivanja informacija pogrešna i zapravo kontraproduktivna. U kratkom ali moćnom govoru Mekkristal zagovara aktivno deljenje znanja.
- Military leader
General Stanley McChrystal is the former commander of U.S. and International forces in Afghanistan. A four-star general, he is credited for creating a revolution in warfare that fuses intelligence and operations. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
When I was a youngмлади officerофицир, they told me
0
656
1970
Kao mladom oficiru govorili su mi
00:14
to followпратити my instinctsинстинкти,
1
2626
2268
da pratim svoje instinkte,
00:16
to go with my gutгут,
2
4894
2256
da se oslanjam na svoju intuiciju,
00:19
and what I've learnedнаучио
3
7150
2010
i ono što sam naučio je
00:21
is that oftenчесто our instinctsинстинкти are wrongпогрешно.
4
9160
4384
da su često naši instinkti pogrešni.
00:25
In the summerлето of 2010,
5
13544
3176
Na leto 2010.
00:28
there was a massiveмасивни leakцурење of classifiedklasifikovan documentsдокументи
6
16720
3339
ogromna količina poverljivih dokumenata
procurela je u javnost
00:32
that cameДошао out of the PentagonPentagon.
7
20059
2973
zahvaljujući izvoru iz Pentagona.
00:35
It shockedшокиран the worldсвет,
8
23032
1816
Svet je bio šokiran,
00:36
it shookprotresao up the AmericanAmerikanac governmentвлада,
9
24848
1575
vlada SAD je bila uzdrmana,
00:38
and it madeмаде people askпитати a lot of questionsпитања,
10
26423
2153
ljudi su počeli
da postavljaju mnogo pitanja,
00:40
because the sheerчисто amountизнос of informationинформације
11
28576
2681
jer su količina procurelih informacija
00:43
that was let out, and the potentialпотенцијал impactsутицаји,
12
31257
3575
i potencijalne implikacije
bile značajni.
00:46
were significantзначајно.
13
34832
2576
00:49
And one of the first questionsпитања we askedпитао ourselvesсами
14
37408
4022
I jedno od prvih pitanja
koje smo sebi postavili
00:53
was why would a youngмлади soldierвојник have accessприступ
15
41430
2718
je zašto bi mladi vojnik imao pristup
00:56
to that much informationинформације?
16
44148
2932
tolikim informacijama?
00:59
Why would we let sensitiveосетљив things
17
47080
2526
Zašto bismo dozvolili
da tako osetljive stvari
01:01
be with a relativelyрелативно youngмлади personособа?
18
49606
4158
budu u rukama relativno mlade osobe?
01:05
In the summerлето of 2003, I was assignedдодељен to commandкоманда
19
53764
3122
Leta 2003. mi je dodeljena komanda
01:08
a specialпосебан operationsоперације taskзадатак forceсила,
20
56886
2504
nad specijalnom jedinicom,
i ta jedinica je bila poslata
širom Bliskog istoka
01:11
and that taskзадатак forceсила was spreadширити acrossпреко the MideastMideast
21
59390
2140
01:13
to fightборба alал QaedaKaida.
22
61530
1588
da se bori protiv Al Kaide.
01:15
Our mainглавни effortнапор was insideу IraqIrak,
23
63118
2997
Naš glavni napor je bio u Iraku,
01:18
and our specifiedNavedena missionмисија
24
66115
1967
i naša specifična misija
01:20
was to defeatпораз alал QaedaKaida in IraqIrak.
25
68082
1854
je bila da porazimo Al Kaidu u Iraku.
01:21
For almostскоро fiveпет yearsгодине I stayedостао there,
26
69936
3104
Skoro pet godina sam bio tamo
01:25
and we focusedфокусиран on fightingборбе a warрат
27
73040
1810
i fokusirali smo se na vođenje rata
01:26
that was unconventionalнеконвенционално and it was difficultтешко
28
74850
5046
koji je bio nekonvencionalan i težak
01:31
and it was bloodyкрваво
29
79896
1840
i bio je krvav
01:33
and it oftenчесто claimedtvrdio its highestнајвише priceЦена
30
81736
3094
i često je uzimao najveći danak
01:36
amongмеђу innocentневин people.
31
84830
3074
od nedužnih ljudi.
01:39
We did everything we could
32
87904
2505
Radili smo sve što smo mogli
01:42
to stop alал QaedaKaida
33
90409
1909
da zaustavimo Al Kaidu
01:44
and the foreignстрани fightersборци that
cameДошао in as suicideсамоубиство bombersбомбардери
34
92318
3285
i strane borce koji su dolazili
kao bombaši samoubice
01:47
and as accelerantskatalizatore to the violenceнасиље.
35
95603
5115
i potpirivači nasilja.
01:52
We honedizbrusio our combatборба skillsвештине,
36
100718
2022
Usavršili smo svoje borbene veštine,
01:54
we developedразвијен newново equipmentопрема,
37
102740
2836
razvijali smo novu opremu,
01:57
we parachutedpadobranom, we helicopteredhelicoptered,
38
105576
2454
iskakali smo padobranima,
spuštali se helikopterima,
02:00
we tookузела smallмали boatsчамци, we droveвозио, and we walkedходао
39
108030
2458
putovali čamcima, vozilima, i pešačili smo
02:02
to objectivesciljevi night after night to stop
40
110488
3010
do ciljeva svake noći da zaustavimo
02:05
the killingубијање that this networkмрежа was puttingстављање forwardнапред.
41
113498
5352
ubijanje koje je ova mreža pripremala.
02:10
We blediskrvario,
42
118850
2540
Krvarili smo,
02:13
we diedумро,
43
121390
1489
umirali smo
02:14
and we killedубијен to stop that organizationорганизација
44
122879
4851
i ubijali smo da zaustavimo
ovu organizaciju
02:19
from the violenceнасиље that they were puttingстављање
45
127730
1743
i nasilje koje su pripremali
02:21
largelyу великој мери againstпротив the IraqiIrački people.
46
129473
4229
pretežno protiv iračkog naroda.
02:25
Now, we did what we knewзнала,
47
133702
2578
Radili smo ono što smo znali,
02:28
how we had grownодрастао up, and
one of the things that we knewзнала,
48
136280
2914
kako smo odrasli,
i jedna od stvari koje smo znali,
02:31
that was in our DNADNK, was secrecyтајност.
49
139194
3126
što nam je u krvi, je tajnost.
To je bila bezbednost.
Zaštita informacija.
02:34
It was securityсигурност. It was protectingзаштита informationинформације.
50
142320
1917
02:36
It was the ideaидеја that informationинформације was the lifebloodkrvotok
51
144237
2813
To je bila ideja da je
informacija žila kucavica
02:39
and it was what would protectзаштитити and keep people safeсигурно.
52
147050
3640
i da je ona ta koja će
zaštititi i sačuvati ljudstvo.
02:42
And we had a senseсмисао that,
53
150690
1895
I imali smo osećaj da je,
02:44
as we operatedуправља withinу склопу our organizationsорганизације,
54
152585
2011
dok smo operisali
unutar svojih organizacija,
02:46
it was importantважно to keep informationинформације
55
154596
1918
važno da se informacija čuva
02:48
in the silosсилоси withinу склопу the organizationsорганизације,
56
156514
2311
unutar okvira organizacije,
02:50
particularlyпосебно only give informationинформације
57
158825
2914
pre svega da se daje informacija
02:53
to people had a demonstratedдемонстрирано need to know.
58
161739
4192
ljudima kojima ta informacija
zapravo treba.
02:57
But the questionпитање oftenчесто cameДошао, who neededпотребно to know?
59
165931
4639
Ali često bi se postavilo pitanje,
kome treba ta informacija?
03:02
Who neededпотребно, who had to have the informationинформације
60
170570
3363
Kome je bila neophodna,
ko je morao da ima tu informaciju
03:05
so that they could do the importantважно
partsделови of the jobпосао that you neededпотребно?
61
173933
3071
da može da obavi bitne delove posla
koji su potrebni da se obave?
03:09
And in a tightlyчврсто coupledu kombinaciji worldсвет,
62
177004
2052
A u svetu tesne saradnje
03:11
that's very hardтешко to predictпредвидети.
63
179056
2798
to je veoma teško predvideti.
03:13
It's very hardтешко to know who needsпотребе to have informationинформације
64
181854
2944
Veoma je teško znati
kome treba ta informacija
03:16
and who doesn't.
65
184798
1507
a kome ne.
Ranije sam sarađivao
sa obaveštajnim agencijama,
03:18
I used to dealдоговор with intelligenceинтелигенција agenciesагенције,
66
186305
1979
03:20
and I'd complainжалите се that they weren'tнису
sharingдељење enoughдовољно intelligenceинтелигенција,
67
188284
2167
i žalio bih se da ne dele
dovoljno obaveštajnih podataka,
03:22
and with a straightравно faceлице, they'dони би
look at me and they'dони би say,
68
190451
2390
mrtvi ozbiljni bi me pogledali i rekli:
03:24
"What aren'tнису you gettingдобијања?" (LaughterSmeh)
69
192841
2147
"Šta ne dobijaš?" (Smeh)
03:26
I said, "If I knewзнала that, we wouldn'tне би have a problemпроблем."
70
194988
5482
Rekao bih im: "Kada bih to znao,
ne bismo imali problem."
Otkrili smo da smo morali
da uvedemo promene.
03:32
But what we foundнашао is we had to changeпромена.
71
200470
1602
03:34
We had to changeпромена our cultureкултура about informationинформације.
72
202072
2177
Da promenimo
našu kulturu informacija.
03:36
We had to knockKucaj down wallsзидови. We had to shareОбјави.
73
204249
2117
Morali smo da srušimo zadove.
Da delimo.
03:38
We had to changeпромена from who needsпотребе to know
74
206366
3068
Morali smo da se promenimo
sa ko mora da zna
03:41
to the factчињеница that who doesn't know,
75
209434
2123
na činjenicu da ko ne zna,
03:43
and we need to tell, and tell
them as quicklyбрзо as we can.
76
211557
3234
a treba da zna,
treba da mu kažemo što pre.
03:46
It was a significantзначајно cultureкултура shiftсмена for an organizationорганизација
77
214791
3126
To je bila značajna kulturalna promena
za našu organizaciju
03:49
that had secrecyтајност in its DNADNK.
78
217917
5324
kojoj je tajnovitost u krvi.
Počeli smo tako što smo počeli
da radimo stvari, da gradimo,
03:55
We startedпочела by doing things, by buildingзграде,
79
223241
2276
prestali smo da radimo u kancelarijama,
03:57
not workingрад in officesканцеларије,
80
225517
1705
03:59
knockingkuca down wallsзидови, workingрад in things we calledпозвани
81
227222
1665
rušili smo zidove, radili smo u nečemu
04:00
situationситуација awarenessсвесност roomsСобе,
82
228887
2458
što smo zvali
prostorijama za situacionu svest,
04:03
and in the summerлето of 2007,
83
231345
2476
i na leto 2007. dogodilo se nešto
04:05
something happenedдесило whichкоја demonstratedдемонстрирано this.
84
233821
1623
što je demonstriralo to.
04:07
We capturedзаробљен the personnelosoblje recordsзаписи
85
235444
2192
Zarobili smo lične dosijee
04:09
for the people who were bringingдоносећи foreignстрани fightersборци
86
237636
2200
ljudi koji su uvodili strane borce
04:11
into IraqIrak.
87
239836
2155
u Irak.
I kada bismo se dočepali dosijea,
04:13
And when we got the personnelosoblje recordsзаписи, typicallyобично,
88
241991
1848
04:15
we would have hiddenсакривен these,
89
243839
1314
obično bismo ih sakrili,
04:17
sharedдељени them with a fewнеколико intelligenceинтелигенција agenciesагенције,
90
245153
2338
podelili sa nekoliko
obaveštajnih agencija,
04:19
and then try to operateрадити with them.
91
247491
1796
i potom pokušali da radimo sa njima.
04:21
But as I was talkingпричају to my intelligenceинтелигенција officerофицир,
92
249287
2038
Ali dok sam razgovarao
sa obaveštajnim oficirom,
04:23
I said, "What do we do?"
93
251325
850
rekao sam: "Šta da radimo?"
04:24
And he said, "Well, you foundнашао them." Our commandкоманда.
94
252175
3026
A on je rekao: "Pa ti si ih našao"
Naša komanda.
"Možemo prosto da skinemo
oznaku poverljivosti sa njih."
04:27
"You can just declassifydeklasifikuje them."
95
255201
2364
04:29
And I said, "Well, can we declassifydeklasifikuje them?
96
257565
1648
A ja sam rekao: "Možemo li da uradimo to?
04:31
What if the enemyнепријатеља findsфиндс out?"
97
259213
1010
Šta ako neprijatelj sazna?"
04:32
And he saysкаже, "They're theirњихова personnelosoblje recordsзаписи."
98
260223
2612
A on mi reče:
"To su njihovi lični dosijei."
04:34
(LaughterSmeh)
99
262835
1400
(Smeh)
To smo i uradili,
04:36
So we did,
100
264235
1082
04:37
and a lot of people got upsetузнемирен about that,
101
265317
2034
I mnogo ljudi se uznemirilo zbog toga,
04:39
but as we passedположио that informationинформације around,
102
267351
2484
ali kako smo delili okolo te informacije,
04:41
suddenlyизненада you find that informationинформације is only of valueвредност
103
269835
2890
iznenada smo shvatili
da je informacija od vrednosti
04:44
if you give it to people who have the abilityспособност
104
272725
1856
samo ako je date ljudima
koji imaju mogućnost
04:46
to do something with it.
105
274581
2138
da nešto urade sa njom.
04:48
The factчињеница that I know something has zeroнула valueвредност
106
276719
2126
Činjenica da nešto znam
nema nikakvu vrednost
04:50
if I'm not the personособа who can actuallyзаправо
107
278845
1488
ako nisam osoba koja zapravo
04:52
make something better because of it.
108
280333
1874
može da nešto poboljša
zahvaljujući tom znanju.
04:54
So as a consequenceпоследица, what we did was
109
282207
1876
Posledica toga je da smo
04:56
we changedпромењено the ideaидеја of informationинформације,
110
284083
3110
promenili ideju informacije,
04:59
insteadуместо тога of knowledgeзнање is powerмоћ,
111
287193
2284
sa "znanje je moć"
05:01
to one where sharingдељење is powerмоћ.
112
289477
2946
u "deljenje je moć".
05:04
It was the fundamentalфундаментално shiftсмена,
113
292423
1972
To je bila fundamentalna promena,
05:06
not newново tacticstaktika, not newново weaponsоружје,
114
294395
2338
a ne nove taktike, ne nova oružja,
05:08
not newново anything elseдруго.
115
296733
1304
niti bilo šta drugo novo.
05:10
It was the ideaидеја that we were now partдео of a teamтим
116
298037
2778
To je bila ideja da smo sada deo tima
05:12
in whichкоја informationинформације becameпостао the essentialесенцијално linkлинк
117
300815
2348
gde je informacija bitna veza
05:15
betweenизмеђу us, not a blockблокирати betweenизмеђу us.
118
303163
4498
između nas, a ne barijera među nama.
05:19
And I want everybodyсвима to take a deepдубоко breathдах
119
307661
2582
I hoću da svi duboko udahnete
05:22
and let it out,
120
310243
2122
i da izdahnete,
05:24
because in your life, there's going to be informationинформације
121
312365
1934
zato što će u vašem životu
biti informacija
05:26
that leaksцурења out you're not going to like.
122
314299
2332
koje će iscureti,
što vam se neće svideti.
05:28
Somebody'sNeko je going to get my collegeколеџ gradesocene out,
123
316631
2246
Neko će objaviti moje ocene sa fakulteta
05:30
a that's going to be a disasterкатастрофа. (LaughterSmeh)
124
318877
4027
i to će biti katastrofa. (Smeh)
05:34
But it's going to be okay, and I will tell you that
125
322904
3369
Ali biće u redu, i reći ću vam
05:38
I am more scaredуплашен of the bureaucratbirokrata
126
326273
3220
da se više plašim birokrate
05:41
that holdsдржи informationинформације in a deskрадни сто drawerладица
127
329493
2452
koji drži informacije u fioci ili u sefu
nego što se plašim
nekoga ko pusti informaciju u javnost,
05:43
or in a safeсигурно than I am of someoneнеко who leaksцурења,
128
331945
2796
05:46
because ultimatelyна крају, we'llдобро be better off if we shareОбјави.
129
334741
2936
jer na kraju krajeva biće nam bolje
ako delimo informaciju.
05:49
Thank you.
130
337677
1760
Hvala.
(Aplauz)
05:51
(ApplauseAplauz)
131
339437
4402
Helen Volters:
Ne znam da li ste bili ovde jutros,
05:57
HelenHelen WaltersWalters: So I don't know if
you were here this morningјутро,
132
345761
1576
05:59
if you were ableу могуцности to catchулов RickRick LedgettLedgett,
133
347337
2300
da li ste uspeli da vidite Rika Ledžeta,
06:01
the deputyPomoćnik directorдиректор of the NSANSA
134
349637
1832
zamenika direktora NSA,
06:03
who was respondingодговара to EdwardEdvard
Snowden'sGde su ostali talk earlierраније this weekНедеља.
135
351469
3664
koji je odgovarao na govor
Edvarda Snoudena ranije ove nedelje.
06:07
I just wonderпитати се, do you think the AmericanAmerikanac governmentвлада
136
355133
2312
Pitam se, da li mislite da vlada SAD
06:09
should give EdwardEdvard SnowdenSnowden amnestyамнестија?
137
357445
2688
treba da da Edvardu Snoudenu amnestiju?
06:12
StanleyStanley McChrystalMcChrystal: I think that
RickRick said something very importantважно.
138
360133
2448
Stenli Mekkristal:
Mislim da je Rik rekao nešto veoma važno.
06:14
We, mostнајвише people, don't know all the factsчињенице.
139
362581
2620
Mi, većina ljudi, ne znamo sve činjenice.
06:17
I think there are two partsделови of this.
140
365201
1352
Mislim da ovo ima dva dela.
06:18
EdwardEdvard SnowdenSnowden shinedIzglancao a
lightсветло on an importantважно need
141
366553
3740
Edvard Snouden je skrenuo pažnju
na važnu potrebu
06:22
that people had to understandРазумем.
142
370293
1490
koju ljudi moraju da razumeju.
06:23
He alsoтакође tookузела a lot of documentsдокументи that he didn't have
143
371783
2982
Takođe je uzeo puno dokumenata
za koje nije imao svest o značaju,
06:26
the knowledgeзнање to know the importanceзначај of,
144
374765
2592
tako da mislim da treba da saznamo
sve činjenice o ovom slučaju
06:29
so I think we need to learnучи the factsчињенице about this caseслучај
145
377357
2433
06:31
before we make snapснап judgmentsпресуде
146
379790
1547
pre nego što prenaglimo sa zaključcima
06:33
about EdwardEdvard SnowdenSnowden.
147
381337
2148
o Edvardu Snoudenu.
06:35
HWHW: Thank you so much. Thank you.
148
383485
2184
HV: Mnogo Vam hvala. Hvala.
06:37
(ApplauseAplauz)
149
385669
1918
(Aplauz)
Translated by Nemanja Aleksic
Reviewed by Mile Živković

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Stanley McChrystal - Military leader
General Stanley McChrystal is the former commander of U.S. and International forces in Afghanistan. A four-star general, he is credited for creating a revolution in warfare that fuses intelligence and operations.

Why you should listen

With a remarkable record of achievement, General Stanley McChrystal has been praised for creating a revolution in warfare that fused intelligence and operations. A four-star general, he is the former commander of U.S. and international forces in Afghanistan and the former leader of Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC), which oversees the military’s most sensitive forces. McChrystal’s leadership of JSOC is credited with the December 2003 capture of Saddam Hussein and the June 2006 location and killing of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, the leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq. McChrystal, a former Green Beret, is known for his candor.

After McChrystal graduated from West Point, he was commissioned as an infantry officer, and spent much of his career commanding special operations and airborne infantry units. During the Persian Gulf War, McChrystal served in a Joint Special Operations Task Force and later commanded the 75th Ranger Regiment. He completed year-long fellowships at Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government in 1997 and in 2000 at the Council on Foreign Relations. In 2002, he was appointed chief of staff of military operations in Afghanistan. Two years later, McChrystal was selected to deliver nationally televised Pentagon briefings about military operations in Iraq. From 2003 to 2008, McChrystal commanded JSOC and was responsible for leading the nation’s deployed military counter-terrorism efforts around the globe. He assumed command of all International Forces in Afghanistan in June 2009. President Obama’s order for an additional 30,000 troops to Afghanistan was based on McChrystal’s assessment of the war there. McChrystal retired from the military in August 2010.

More profile about the speaker
Stanley McChrystal | Speaker | TED.com

Data provided by TED.

This site was created in May 2015 and the last update was on January 12, 2020. It will no longer be updated.

We are currently creating a new site called "eng.lish.video" and would be grateful if you could access it.

If you have any questions or suggestions, please feel free to write comments in your language on the contact form.

Privacy Policy

Developer's Blog

Buy Me A Coffee