TED2015
Christopher Soghoian: How to avoid surveillance ... with the phone in your pocket
Kristofer Sagojan (Christopher Soghoian): Kratka istorija prisluškivanja - i kako ga izbeći
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Ko vam prisluškuje mobilne telefone? Na fiksnom telefonu, mogao bi biti bilo ko, kaže aktivista za privatnost Kristofer Sagojan, jer se ugrađivanje skrivenog ulaza za nadgledanje u telefonski sistem podrazumeva, kako bi se dozvolilo vladama da prisluškuju. Međutim, mogla bi vas prisluškivati i strana obaveštajna agencija... ili kriminalac. Upravo zbog toga, kaže Sagojan, neke tehnološke kompanije se opiru pozivima vlada da ugrade isti ulaz u mobilne telefone i novi sistem razmene poruka. Saznajte kako neke tehnološke kompanije rade na tome da očuvaju privatnost vaših poziva i poruka.
Christopher Soghoian - Privacy researcher and activist
Christopher Soghoian researches and exposes the high-tech surveillance tools that governments use to spy on their own citizens, and he is a champion of digital privacy rights. Full bio
Christopher Soghoian researches and exposes the high-tech surveillance tools that governments use to spy on their own citizens, and he is a champion of digital privacy rights. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
For more than 100 years,
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Više od 100 godina,
00:15
the telephone companies have provided
wiretapping assistance to governments.
wiretapping assistance to governments.
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telefonske kompanije su pomagale
vladama pri prisluškivanju.
vladama pri prisluškivanju.
00:19
For much of this time,
this assistance was manual.
this assistance was manual.
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Tokom većeg dela ovog perioda,
ta pomoć je bila manuelna.
ta pomoć je bila manuelna.
00:22
Surveillance took place manually
and wires were connected by hand.
and wires were connected by hand.
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Nadgledanje je bilo manuelno
a žice su se povezivale rukom.
a žice su se povezivale rukom.
00:26
Calls were recorded to tape.
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Pozivi su usnimavani na trake.
00:29
But as in so many other industries,
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Međutim, kao i u mnogim
drugim industrijama,
drugim industrijama,
00:31
computing has changed everything.
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upotreba kompjutera je
promenila sve.
promenila sve.
00:33
The telephone companies
built surveillance features
built surveillance features
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Telefonske kompanije ugradile su
osobine nadgledanja
osobine nadgledanja
00:36
into the very core of their networks.
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u samu srž svojih mreža.
00:39
I want that to sink in for a second:
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Želim da odem dublje na sekundu.
00:41
Our telephones and the networks
that carry our calls
that carry our calls
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Naše telefonske kompanije
koje omogućavaju naše pozive
koje omogućavaju naše pozive
00:45
were wired for surveillance first.
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bile su povezane sa nadgledanjem.
00:48
First and foremost.
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Kao prvo i najvažnije.
00:50
So what that means is that
when you're talking to your spouse,
when you're talking to your spouse,
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To znači da, kada pričate
sa svojim bračnim drugom,
sa svojim bračnim drugom,
00:54
your children, a colleague
or your doctor on the telephone,
or your doctor on the telephone,
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decom, kolegom ili doktorom telefonom,
00:58
someone could be listening.
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neko bi to mogao da sluša.
01:00
Now, that someone might
be your own government;
be your own government;
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Taj neko bi mogao biti vaša vlada;
01:03
it could also be another government,
a foreign intelligence service,
a foreign intelligence service,
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mogla bi biti tuđa vlada,
strana obaveštajna služba,
strana obaveštajna služba,
01:07
or a hacker, or a criminal, or a stalker
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haker, kriminalac, osoba koja vas proganja
01:10
or any other party that breaks into
the surveillance system,
the surveillance system,
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ili bilo koja druga stranka
koja provali u sistem nadgledanja,
koja provali u sistem nadgledanja,
01:14
that hacks into the surveillance system
of the telephone companies.
of the telephone companies.
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koja hakuje sistem nadgledanja
telefonske kompanije.
telefonske kompanije.
01:19
But while the telephone companies
have built surveillance as a priority,
have built surveillance as a priority,
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Međutim, dok su telefonske kompanije
postavile nadgledanje kao prioritet,
postavile nadgledanje kao prioritet,
01:24
Silicon Valley companies have not.
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kompanije Silikonske doline nisu,
01:26
And increasingly,
over the last couple years,
over the last couple years,
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i uz postepeni porast
tokom prethodnih par godina,
tokom prethodnih par godina,
01:29
Silicon Valley companies have built
strong encryption technology
strong encryption technology
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kompanije Silikonske doline ugradile su
snažnu tehnologiju za šifrovanje
snažnu tehnologiju za šifrovanje
01:32
into their communications products
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u svoje komunikacione proizvode
01:34
that makes surveillance
extremely difficult.
extremely difficult.
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koja nadgledanje čini izuzetno teškim.
01:37
For example, many of you
might have an iPhone,
might have an iPhone,
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Na primer, mnogi od vas
možda imaju Ajfon,
možda imaju Ajfon,
01:39
and if you use an iPhone
to send a text message
to send a text message
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a ako koristite Ajfon da pošaljete poruku
01:42
to other people who have an iPhone,
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drugim ljudima koji imaju Ajfon,
01:44
those text messages
cannot easily be wiretapped.
cannot easily be wiretapped.
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ove poruke se ne mogu lako dešifrovati.
01:47
And in fact, according to Apple,
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U stvari, prema Eplu,
01:49
they're not able to even see
the text messages themselves.
the text messages themselves.
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čak ni sami ne mogu da vide poruke.
01:52
Likewise, if you use FaceTime
to make an audio call
to make an audio call
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Na sličan način, ako koristite Fejstajm
za audio poziv
za audio poziv
ili video poziv sa jednim
od prijatelja ili voljenih osoba,
od prijatelja ili voljenih osoba,
01:56
or a video call with one of your
friends or loved ones,
friends or loved ones,
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01:59
that, too, cannot be easily wiretapped.
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to se, takođe, ne može lako prisluškivati,
02:01
And it's not just Apple.
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a nije samo Epl u pitanju.
02:03
WhatsApp, which is now owned by Facebook
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Votsap, kojeg sada poseduje Fejsbuk,
02:05
and used by hundreds of millions
of people around the world,
of people around the world,
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a koji koriste stotine miliona ljudi
širom sveta,
širom sveta,
02:08
also has built strong
encryption technology into its product,
encryption technology into its product,
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takođe je ugradio u proizvode
jaku tehnologiju za šifrovanje,
jaku tehnologiju za šifrovanje,
02:12
which means that people
in the Global South can easily communicate
in the Global South can easily communicate
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što znači da ljudi na globalnom jugu
mogu lako da komuniciraju
mogu lako da komuniciraju
02:15
without their governments,
often authoritarian,
often authoritarian,
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bez svojih vlada, često diktatorskih,
02:18
wiretapping their text messages.
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koje bi prisluškivale njihove razgovore.
02:21
So, after 100 years of being able
to listen to any telephone call --
to listen to any telephone call --
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Tako, posle 100 godina mogućnosti
da slušaju svaki telefonski razgovor,
da slušaju svaki telefonski razgovor,
02:26
anytime, anywhere --
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bilo kada, bilo gde,
02:29
you might imagine that government
officials are not very happy.
officials are not very happy.
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možete da zamislite da zvaničnici u vladi
i nisu mnogo srećni.
i nisu mnogo srećni.
02:32
And in fact, that's what's happening.
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U stvari, to se i dešava.
02:34
Government officials are extremely mad.
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Vladini zvaničnici su veoma ljuti,
02:36
And they're not mad because
these encryption tools are now available.
these encryption tools are now available.
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a nisu ljuti zbog toga što su sada
dostupna ova sredstva za šifrovanje.
dostupna ova sredstva za šifrovanje.
02:40
What upsets them the most
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Ono što ih najviše uznemirava je
02:42
is that the tech companies have built
encryption features into their products
encryption features into their products
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da su tehnološke kompanije ugradile
zaštitu u svoje proizvode
zaštitu u svoje proizvode
i postavile je kao standardno podešavanje.
02:46
and turned them on by default.
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Standardno podešavanje je bitno.
02:48
It's the default piece that matters.
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02:50
In short, the tech companies
have democratized encryption.
have democratized encryption.
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Ukratko, te tehnološke kompanije
demokratizovale su enkripciju.
demokratizovale su enkripciju.
02:55
And so, government officials
like British Prime Minister David Cameron,
like British Prime Minister David Cameron,
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Tako, zvaničnici vlade, kao što je
britanski premijer Dejvid Kameron,
britanski premijer Dejvid Kameron,
02:58
they believe that all communications --
emails, texts, voice calls --
emails, texts, voice calls --
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veruju da svi vidovi komunikacije -
imejlovi, poruke, pozivi -
imejlovi, poruke, pozivi -
03:03
all of these should be
available to governments,
available to governments,
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svi oni treba da su dostupni vladama,
03:06
and encryption is making that difficult.
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a enkripcija to otežava.
03:09
Now, look -- I'm extremely sympathetic
to their point of view.
to their point of view.
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Vidite, izuzetno saosećam
kada je njihovo stanovište u pitanju.
kada je njihovo stanovište u pitanju.
03:12
We live in a dangerous time
in a dangerous world,
in a dangerous world,
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Živimo u opasnom vremenu u opasnom svetu
03:15
and there really are bad people out there.
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i postoje neki jako loši ljudi oko nas.
03:17
There are terrorists and other
serious national security threats
serious national security threats
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Postoje teroristi
i druge ozbiljne nacionalne pretnje
i druge ozbiljne nacionalne pretnje
03:20
that I suspect we all want
the FBI and the NSA to monitor.
the FBI and the NSA to monitor.
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za koje svi želimo da ih FBI
i Nacionalna bezbednosna služba prate.
i Nacionalna bezbednosna služba prate.
03:25
But those surveillance
features come at a cost.
features come at a cost.
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Međutim, ova nadgledanja imaju cenu.
03:29
The reason for that is
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Razlog tome je
03:30
that there is no such thing
as a terrorist laptop,
as a terrorist laptop,
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da ne postoji teroristički laptop
03:33
or a drug dealer's cell phone.
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ili mobilni telefon narko-dilera.
Svi koristimo ista komunikaciona sredstva.
03:34
We all use the same
communications devices.
communications devices.
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03:38
What that means is that
if the drug dealers' telephone calls
if the drug dealers' telephone calls
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To znači da, ako pozivi narko-dilera
03:42
or the terrorists' telephone calls
can be intercepted,
can be intercepted,
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ili pozivi terorista mogu da se presretnu,
03:44
then so can the rest of ours, too.
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mogu i pozivi nas ostalih.
Mislim da moramo da postavimo pitanje -
03:46
And I think we really need to ask:
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03:48
Should a billion people
around the world be using devices
around the world be using devices
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da li bi milijarde ljudi širom sveta
trebalo da koristi uređaje
trebalo da koristi uređaje
03:51
that are wiretap friendly?
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koji mogu da se prisluškuju?
03:55
So the scenario of hacking of surveillance
systems that I've described --
systems that I've described --
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Scenario hakovanja sistema nadgledanja
koji sam opisao -
koji sam opisao -
03:59
this is not imaginary.
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to nije fantazija.
04:01
In 2009,
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Godine 2009,
04:02
the surveillance systems that Google
and Microsoft built into their networks --
and Microsoft built into their networks --
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sistemi za nadledanje koje su Gugl
i Majkrosoft ugradili u svoje mreže -
i Majkrosoft ugradili u svoje mreže -
04:06
the systems that they use to respond
to lawful surveillance requests
to lawful surveillance requests
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sistemi koje koriste da odgovore
na zakonske zahteve za nadgledanje
na zakonske zahteve za nadgledanje
04:10
from the police --
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od strane policije -
04:11
those systems were compromised
by the Chinese government,
by the Chinese government,
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ove sisteme je iskompromitovala
kineska vlada
kineska vlada
04:14
because the Chinese government
wanted to figure out
wanted to figure out
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jer je kineska vlada želela da shvati
04:16
which of their own agents
the US government was monitoring.
the US government was monitoring.
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koje od njihovih agenata
prati američka vlada.
prati američka vlada.
04:20
By the same token,
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Po istom principu,
04:21
in 2004, the surveillance system
built into the network
built into the network
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2004. godine,
sistem za nadgledanje ugrađen u mrežu
sistem za nadgledanje ugrađen u mrežu
04:25
of Vodafone Greece --
Greece's largest telephone company --
Greece's largest telephone company --
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grčkog Vodafona
- grčke najveće telefonske kompanije -
- grčke najveće telefonske kompanije -
04:28
was compromised by an unknown entity,
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kompromitovao je nepoznati entitet,
04:30
and that feature,
the surveillance feature,
the surveillance feature,
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a to svojstvo, svojstvo nadgledanja,
04:32
was used to wiretap
the Greek Prime Minister
the Greek Prime Minister
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korišćeno je
da se prisluškuje grčki premijer
da se prisluškuje grčki premijer
04:35
and members of the Greek cabinet.
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i članovi grčke vlade.
04:37
The foreign government or hackers
who did that were never caught.
who did that were never caught.
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Strana vlada ili hakeri koji su to uradili
nikada nisu uhvaćeni.
nikada nisu uhvaćeni.
04:41
And really, this gets to the very problem
with these surveillance features,
with these surveillance features,
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Zaista, ovo prikazuje srž problema
vezanog za svojstvo nadgledanja
vezanog za svojstvo nadgledanja
04:45
or backdoors.
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ili tajnog praćenja.
04:46
When you build a backdoor
into a communications network
into a communications network
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Kada se ugradi ovaj „sporedni ulaz”
u komunikacionu mrežu,
u komunikacionu mrežu,
04:50
or piece of technology,
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ili deo tehnologije,
04:51
you have no way of controlling
who's going to go through it.
who's going to go through it.
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ne postoji način da kontrolišete
šta će kroz njega uraditi.
šta će kroz njega uraditi.
Ne postoji način da kontrolišete
04:55
You have no way of controlling
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04:56
whether it'll be used by your side
or the other side,
or the other side,
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da li će biti iskorišćeno
za vašu stranu ili drugu stranu,
za vašu stranu ili drugu stranu,
04:59
by good guys, or by bad guys.
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od strane dobrih ili loših momaka.
05:01
And so for that reason,
I think that it's better
I think that it's better
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Zbog toga mislim da je bolje
05:04
to build networks
to be as secure as possible.
to be as secure as possible.
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graditi mreže koje će biti sigurne
što je više moguće.
što je više moguće.
05:08
Yes, this means that in the future,
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Da, to znači da će u budućnosti
05:10
encryption is going to make
wiretapping more difficult.
wiretapping more difficult.
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enkripcija da otežava prisluškivanje.
05:13
It means that the police
are going to have a tougher time
are going to have a tougher time
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To znači da će policiji biti teže
05:15
catching bad guys.
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da uhvati loše momke,
05:17
But the alternative would mean
to live in a world
to live in a world
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ali alternativa bi značila život u svetu
05:19
where anyone's calls or anyone's
text messages could be surveilled
text messages could be surveilled
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gde bilo čije pozive ili poruke
mogu da prate
mogu da prate
05:23
by criminals, by stalkers
and by foreign intelligence agencies.
and by foreign intelligence agencies.
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kriminalci, progonitelji
ili strane obaveštajne službe,
ili strane obaveštajne službe,
05:27
And I don't want to live
in that kind of world.
in that kind of world.
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a ja ne želim da živim u takvom svetu.
05:30
And so right now,
you probably have the tools
you probably have the tools
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Upravo sada,
verovatno raspolažete načinima
verovatno raspolažete načinima
05:32
to thwart many kinds
of government surveillance
of government surveillance
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da osujetite mnogo vladinih praćenja
05:35
already on your phones
and already in your pockets,
and already in your pockets,
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koji su već u vašim telefonima
i džepovima,
i džepovima,
05:38
you just might not realize how strong
and how secure those tools are,
and how secure those tools are,
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a možda ne shvatate koliko su
ova sredstva snažna i bezbedna
ova sredstva snažna i bezbedna
05:41
or how weak the other ways
you've used to communicate really are.
you've used to communicate really are.
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ili koliko su drugi načini komunikacije
koje ste koristili slabi.
koje ste koristili slabi.
05:46
And so, my message to you is this:
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Tako, moja poruka vama je:
05:50
We need to use these tools.
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treba da koristimo ova sredstva.
05:52
We need to secure our telephone calls.
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Treba da osiguramo
svoje telefonske pozive.
svoje telefonske pozive.
05:54
We need to secure our text messages.
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Treba da osiguramo svoje poruke.
05:56
I want you to use these tools.
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Želim da koristite ove načine.
05:58
I want you to tell your loved ones,
I want you to tell your colleagues:
I want you to tell your colleagues:
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Želim da kažete svojim voljenima,
želim da kažete svojim kolegama:
želim da kažete svojim kolegama:
06:02
Use these encrypted communications tools.
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„Koristite šifrovana
komunikaciona sredstva.”
komunikaciona sredstva.”
06:04
Don't just use them
because they're cheap and easy,
because they're cheap and easy,
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Nemojte ih koristiti
samo zato što su jeftini i laki,
samo zato što su jeftini i laki,
06:07
but use them because they're secure.
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već ih koristite zato što su bezbedni.
06:09
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
06:10
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Christopher Soghoian - Privacy researcher and activistChristopher Soghoian researches and exposes the high-tech surveillance tools that governments use to spy on their own citizens, and he is a champion of digital privacy rights.
Why you should listen
TED Fellow Christopher Soghoian is a champion of digital privacy rights, with a focus on the role that third-party service providers play in enabling governments to monitor citizens. As the principal technologist at the American Civil Liberties Union, he explores the intersection of federal surveillance and citizen's rights.
Before joining the ACLU, he was the first-ever technologist for the Federal Trade Commision's Division of Privacy and Identity Protection, where he worked on investigations of Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and Netflix. Soghoian is also the creator of Do Not Track, an anti-tracking device that all major web browsers now use, and his work has been cited in court.
Christopher Soghoian | Speaker | TED.com