TEDGlobal 2014
Taiye Selasi: Don't ask where I'm from, ask where I'm a local
Taji Selasi (Taiye Selasi): Ne pitajte me odakle sam, pitajte me gde pripadam
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Kad vas neko upita odakle ste, da li ponekad ne znate kako da odgovorite?
Književnica Taji Selasi govori u ime "multilokalnih" ljudi,koji se osećaju kod kuće u rodnom gradu, u gradu u kojem sad žive, a i na drugim mestima.
"Kako mogu da potičem iz neke države?" - pita se ona. "Kako može ljudsko biće da potiče od ideje?"
Taiye Selasi - Author
In her writings, Taiye Selasi explores our relationship to our multiple identities. Full bio
In her writings, Taiye Selasi explores our relationship to our multiple identities. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Last year, I went on my first book tour.
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Prošle godine sam prvi put
predstavljala svoju knjigu.
predstavljala svoju knjigu.
00:16
In 13 months, I flew to 14 countries
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Za 13 meseci letela sam u 14 zemalja
00:19
and gave some hundred talks.
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i održala nekih sto govora.
00:22
Every talk in every country
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Svaki govor, u svakoj zemlji,
00:24
began with an introduction,
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počinjao je uvodom,
00:26
and every introduction began,
alas, with a lie:
alas, with a lie:
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a svaki uvod je počinjao lažima:
00:32
"Taiye Selasi comes
from Ghana and Nigeria,"
from Ghana and Nigeria,"
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"Taji Selasi je iz Gane i Nigerije,"
00:35
or "Taiye Selasi comes
from England and the States."
from England and the States."
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ili "Taji Selasi je iz Engleske
i Sjedinjenih Država."
i Sjedinjenih Država."
00:40
Whenever I heard this opening sentence,
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Kad god sam čula ovu uvodnu rečenicu,
00:42
no matter the country that concluded it --
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bez obzira na pominjane države -
00:45
England, America, Ghana, Nigeria --
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Engleska, Amerika, Gana, Nigerija -
00:47
I thought, "But that's not true."
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pomislila sam: "Ali to nije tačno."
00:51
Yes, I was born in England
and grew up in the United States.
and grew up in the United States.
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Da, rodila sam se u Engleskoj
i odrasla u Sjedinjenim Državama.
i odrasla u Sjedinjenim Državama.
00:55
My mum, born in England,
and raised in Nigeria,
and raised in Nigeria,
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Moja mama se rodila u Engleskoj,
odrasla je u Nigeriji,
odrasla je u Nigeriji,
00:58
currently lives in Ghana.
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a sada živi u Gani.
01:00
My father was born in Gold Coast,
a British colony,
a British colony,
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Otac se rodio u Zlatnoj obali,
britanskoj koloniji,
britanskoj koloniji,
01:05
raised in Ghana,
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odrastao je u Gani,
01:06
and has lived for over 30 years
in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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i živi više od 30 godina
u Kraljevini Saudijskoj Arabiji.
u Kraljevini Saudijskoj Arabiji.
01:10
For this reason, my introducers
also called me "multinational."
also called me "multinational."
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Zbog ovoga su me uvodničari
nazivali multinacionalnom.
nazivali multinacionalnom.
01:16
"But Nike is multinational," I thought,
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"Najk je multinacionalna kompanija",
mislila sam,
mislila sam,
01:20
"I'm a human being."
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"Ja sam ljudsko biće."
01:23
Then, one fine day, mid-tour,
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Zatim jednog lepog dana,
usred turneje,
usred turneje,
01:26
I went to Louisiana, a museum in Denmark
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otišla sam u Luizijanu, muzej u Danskoj,
01:29
where I shared the stage
with the writer Colum McCann.
with the writer Colum McCann.
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gde sam gostovala zajedno
sa piscem Kolumom Makenom.
sa piscem Kolumom Makenom.
01:33
We were discussing the role
of locality in writing,
of locality in writing,
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Diskutovali smo o tome kakvu ulogu
igra okruženje u pisanju
igra okruženje u pisanju
01:36
when suddenly it hit me.
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i odjednom mi je sinulo.
01:39
I'm not multinational.
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Ja nisam multinacionalna,
01:41
I'm not a national at all.
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Nisam uopšte nacionalna.
01:44
How could I come from a nation?
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Kako mogu da potičem od nacije?
01:46
How can a human being come from a concept?
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Kako može čovek da potiče od ideje?
01:50
It's a question that had been bothering me
for going on two decades.
for going on two decades.
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Ovo pitanje me nervira
već dvadeset godina.
već dvadeset godina.
01:55
From newspapers, textbooks, conversations,
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Iz novina, udžbenika, razgovora,
01:58
I had learned to speak of countries
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naučila sam da govorim o državama
02:00
as if they were eternal, singular,
naturally occurring things,
naturally occurring things,
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kao večnim, jedinstvenim,
prirodnim tvorevinama,
prirodnim tvorevinama,
02:05
but I wondered:
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ali sam se zapitala:
02:07
to say that I came from a country
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biti poreklom iz neke države -
02:09
suggested that the country
was an absolute,
was an absolute,
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znači da je država jedno savršeno,
02:12
some fixed point in place in time,
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učvršćeno mesto u vremenu,
02:15
a constant thing, but was it?
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jedna konstanta, ali, da li je?
02:18
In my lifetime, countries
had disappeared -- Czechoslovakia;
had disappeared -- Czechoslovakia;
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Za mog života nestale su države,
kao Čehoslovačka,
kao Čehoslovačka,
02:22
appeared -- Timor-Leste;
failed -- Somalia.
failed -- Somalia.
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pojavile se, kao Istočni Timor;
propale, kao Somalija.
propale, kao Somalija.
02:27
My parents came from countries
that didn't exist when they were born.
that didn't exist when they were born.
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Moji roditelji su iz država
koje nisu postojale kad su se oni rodili.
koje nisu postojale kad su se oni rodili.
02:31
To me, a country -- this thing that could
be born, die, expand, contract --
be born, die, expand, contract --
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Za mene, država može da se rodi, umre,
proširi, smanji -
proširi, smanji -
02:37
hardly seemed the basis
for understanding a human being.
for understanding a human being.
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teško može da bude osnova
za razumevanje čoveka.
za razumevanje čoveka.
02:41
And so it came as a huge relief
to discover the sovereign state.
to discover the sovereign state.
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Došlo je kao veliko olakšanje
otkriti suverenu državu.
otkriti suverenu državu.
02:47
What we call countries are actually
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Ono što mi nazivamo državama,
02:49
various expressions
of sovereign statehood,
of sovereign statehood,
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u stvari su razni izrazi
suverene državnosti,
suverene državnosti,
02:51
an idea that came into fashion
only 400 years ago.
only 400 years ago.
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i ta ideja je ušla u modu
pre samo 400 godina.
pre samo 400 godina.
02:56
When I learned this, beginning my
masters degree in international relations,
masters degree in international relations,
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Shvatila sam ovo kada sam počela
master studije međunarodnih odnosa,
master studije međunarodnih odnosa,
03:01
I felt a sort of surge of relief.
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i osetila sam ogromno olakšanje.
03:03
It was as I had suspected.
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Moje sumnje su se potvrdile.
03:06
History was real, cultures were real,
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Realna je istorija, realne su kulture,
03:10
but countries were invented.
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ali države su izmišljene.
03:13
For the next 10 years, I sought
to re- or un-define myself,
to re- or un-define myself,
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U narednih 10 godina nastojala sam
da redefinišem sebe,
da redefinišem sebe,
03:17
my world, my work, my experience,
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svoj svet, svoj rad, svoje iskustvo,
03:19
beyond the logic of the state.
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iznad logike države.
03:22
In 2005, I wrote an essay,
"What is an Afropolitan,"
"What is an Afropolitan,"
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2005. sam napisala esej
"Šta je Afropolitan",
"Šta je Afropolitan",
03:26
sketching out an identity
that privileged culture over country.
that privileged culture over country.
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skicirajući identitet koji ističe
kulturu iznad države.
kulturu iznad države.
03:32
It was thrilling how many people
could relate to my experience,
could relate to my experience,
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Bilo je uzbudljivo, mnogi su se
vezali za moje iskustvo,
vezali za moje iskustvo,
03:36
and instructional how many others
didn't buy my sense of self.
didn't buy my sense of self.
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i poučno, jer mnogi se nisu
osećali kao ja.
osećali kao ja.
03:42
"How can Selasi claim to come from Ghana,"
one such critic asked,
one such critic asked,
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"Kako može Selasi da tvrdi
da potiče iz Gane, kada nije iskusila
da potiče iz Gane, kada nije iskusila
03:47
"when she's never known the indignities
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poniženja zbog ganskog pasoša
03:49
of traveling abroad
on a Ghanian passport?"
on a Ghanian passport?"
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kod putovanja u inostranstvo?",
pitao se jedan kritičar.
pitao se jedan kritičar.
03:52
Now, if I'm honest,
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Iskreno rečeno,
03:54
I knew just what she meant.
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razumela sam je.
03:56
I've got a friend named Layla
who was born and raised in Ghana.
who was born and raised in Ghana.
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Imam jednu drugaricu, Lejlu,
koja se rodila i odrasla u Gani.
koja se rodila i odrasla u Gani.
04:00
Her parents are third-generation
Ghanians of Lebanese descent.
Ghanians of Lebanese descent.
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Njeni roditelji su treća generacija
Ganijaca libanskog porekla.
Ganijaca libanskog porekla.
04:05
Layla, who speaks fluent Twi,
knows Accra like the back of her hand,
knows Accra like the back of her hand,
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Lejla, koja tečno govori tvi jezik,
poznaje Akru kao svoj džep,
poznaje Akru kao svoj džep,
04:10
but when we first met years ago,
I thought, "She's not from Ghana."
I thought, "She's not from Ghana."
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ali kad smo se prvi put sreli,
pomislila sam: "Ona nije iz Gane."
pomislila sam: "Ona nije iz Gane."
04:15
In my mind, she came from Lebanon,
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U mojim mislima, ona je iz Libana,
04:18
despite the patent fact
that all her formative experience
that all her formative experience
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uprkos očiglednoj činjenici
da se celokupno njeno iskustvo
da se celokupno njeno iskustvo
04:21
took place in suburban Accra.
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formiralo u predgrađu Akre.
04:24
I, like my critics,
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Kao i moji kritičari, i ja sam zamišljala
04:26
was imagining some Ghana
where all Ghanaians had brown skin
where all Ghanaians had brown skin
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Ganu kao mesto gde su svi tamnoputi
04:32
or none held U.K. passports.
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ili gde niko nema
pasoš Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva.
pasoš Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva.
04:35
I'd fallen into the limiting trap
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Pala sam u zamku
04:37
that the language of coming
from countries sets --
from countries sets --
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da je jezik zemlje porekla iznad -
04:40
the privileging of a fiction,
the singular country,
the singular country,
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koristeći pravo na zamišljanje
jedinstvene države -
jedinstvene države -
04:44
over reality: human experience.
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iznad stvarnosti,
iznad čovekovog iskustva.
iznad čovekovog iskustva.
04:48
Speaking with Colum McCann that day,
the penny finally dropped.
the penny finally dropped.
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U razgovoru sa Kolumom Makenom
tog dana, konačno sam shvatila sve.
tog dana, konačno sam shvatila sve.
04:53
"All experience is local," he said.
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"Iskustvo se vezuje za mesto"
- rekao je.
- rekao je.
04:56
"All identity is experience," I thought.
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"Identitet je iskustvo." - pomislila sam.
05:00
"I'm not a national,"
I proclaimed onstage.
I proclaimed onstage.
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Na bini sam obznanila
da nisam nacionalna.
da nisam nacionalna.
05:04
"I'm a local. I'm multi-local."
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"Ja sam ovdašnja. Ja pripadam svuda."
05:07
See, "Taiye Selasi comes
from the United States," isn't the truth.
from the United States," isn't the truth.
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Ovo "Taji Selasi je iz Sjedinjenih Država"
nije istina.
nije istina.
05:12
I have no relationship
with the United States,
with the United States,
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Nemam veze sa Sjedinjenim Državama,
05:15
all 50 of them, not really.
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ni sa jednom od njih 50.
05:17
My relationship is with Brookline,
the town where I grew up;
the town where I grew up;
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Ali imam veze sa Bruklinom,
gradom gde sam odrasla;
gradom gde sam odrasla;
05:21
with New York City, where I started work;
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sa Njujorkom, gde sam počela da radim;
05:24
with Lawrenceville,
where I spend Thanksgiving.
where I spend Thanksgiving.
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sa Lorensvilom, gde provodim
Dan zahvalnosti.
Dan zahvalnosti.
05:27
What makes America home for me
is not my passport or accent,
is not my passport or accent,
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Amerika mi nije dom zbog mog pasoša
ili naglaska,
ili naglaska,
05:33
but these very particular experiences
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već zbog doživljaja
05:35
and the places they occur.
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i mesta gde sam ih doživela.
05:38
Despite my pride in Ewe culture,
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Bez obzira što sam ponosna na Eve kulturu,
05:40
the Black Stars,
and my love of Ghanaian food,
and my love of Ghanaian food,
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na Blek Starse, i što volim gansku hranu,
05:43
I've never had a relationship
with the Republic of Ghana, writ large.
with the Republic of Ghana, writ large.
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nikad nisam imala vezu
sa Republikom Gana.
sa Republikom Gana.
05:48
My relationship is with Accra,
where my mother lives,
where my mother lives,
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Ali sam vezana za Akru,
gde živi moja mama,
gde živi moja mama,
05:52
where I go each year,
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i gde odlazim svake godine,
05:54
with the little garden in Dzorwulu
where my father and I talk for hours.
where my father and I talk for hours.
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vezana sam za vrt u Dzžorvuluu,
gde tata i ja pričamo satima.
gde tata i ja pričamo satima.
05:59
These are the places
that shape my experience.
that shape my experience.
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Ovo su mesta koja su oblikovala
moje iskustvo.
moje iskustvo.
06:02
My experience is where I'm from.
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Ja potičem iz mog iskustva.
06:05
What if we asked, instead
of "Where are you from?" --
of "Where are you from?" --
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Šta bi bilo kada bismo umesto
"Odakle si?"- pitali
"Odakle si?"- pitali
06:09
"Where are you a local?"
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"Gde pripadaš?"
06:11
This would tell us so much more
about who and how similar we are.
about who and how similar we are.
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Ovo bi više govorilo o nama
i o tome koliko smo slični.
i o tome koliko smo slični.
06:16
Tell me you're from France,
and I see what, a set of clichés?
and I see what, a set of clichés?
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Kaži mi da si iz Francuske, i šta vidim -
gomilu klišea?
gomilu klišea?
06:20
Adichie's dangerous single story,
the myth of the nation of France?
the myth of the nation of France?
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Adićinu opasnost pojedinačne priče,
mit o Francuskoj naciji?
mit o Francuskoj naciji?
06:25
Tell me you're a local of Fez and Paris,
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Kaži mi da priadaš Fezu ili Parizu,
06:28
better yet, Goutte d'Or, and I see
a set of experiences.
a set of experiences.
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ili još bolje, Gut doru, i već vidim
mnoštvo doživljaja.
mnoštvo doživljaja.
06:33
Our experience is where we're from.
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Potičemo iz naših doživljaja.
06:35
So, where are you a local?
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Gde vi pripadate?
06:38
I propose a three-step test.
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Predlažem jedan test iz tri dela.
06:40
I call these the three "R’s":
rituals, relationships, restrictions.
rituals, relationships, restrictions.
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Ja ga zovem "RVO":
rituali, veze, ograničenja.
rituali, veze, ograničenja.
06:46
First, think of your daily rituals,
whatever they may be:
whatever they may be:
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Prvo pomislite na svakodnevne rituale,
šta god da su:
šta god da su:
06:50
making your coffee, driving to work,
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kuvanje kafe, vožnja do posla,
06:52
harvesting your crops,
saying your prayers.
saying your prayers.
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setva useva, molitve.
06:55
What kind of rituals are these?
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Kakvi su ovo rituali?
06:57
Where do they occur?
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Gde se javljaju?
06:59
In what city or cities in the world
do shopkeepers know your face?
do shopkeepers know your face?
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U kom gradu, ili, u kojim gradovima
vas poznaju trgovci?
vas poznaju trgovci?
07:04
As a child, I carried out fairly standard
suburban rituals in Boston,
suburban rituals in Boston,
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Kao dete, imala sam uobičajne rituale
predgrađa Bostona,
predgrađa Bostona,
07:08
with adjustments made for the rituals
my mother brought from London and Lagos.
my mother brought from London and Lagos.
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i prilagođene rituale koje je mama donela
iz Londona i Lagosa.
iz Londona i Lagosa.
07:13
We took off our shoes in the house,
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U kući smo se izuvali,
07:15
we were unfailingly
polite with our elders,
polite with our elders,
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bili smo nepogrešivo učtivi sa starijima,
07:18
we ate slow-cooked, spicy food.
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jeli smo domaće spremljenu,
pikantnu hranu.
pikantnu hranu.
07:20
In snowy North America,
ours were rituals of the global South.
ours were rituals of the global South.
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U snežnoj Severnoj Americi
naši rituali su bili sa Juga.
naši rituali su bili sa Juga.
07:26
The first time I went to Delhi
or to southern parts of Italy,
or to southern parts of Italy,
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Kada sam prvi put bila u Delhiju
ili na jugu Italije,
ili na jugu Italije,
07:29
I was shocked by how at home I felt.
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bila sam šokirana,
osećala sam se kao kod kuće.
osećala sam se kao kod kuće.
07:32
The rituals were familiar.
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Rituali su bili slični.
07:34
"R" number one, rituals.
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"R" broj jedan, rituali.
07:37
Now, think of your relationships,
of the people who shape your days.
of the people who shape your days.
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Sada razmislite o odnosima sa ljudima,
sa kojima ste svakodnevno.
sa kojima ste svakodnevno.
07:42
To whom do you speak at least once a week,
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Sa kim razgovarate bar jednom nedeljno,
07:44
be it face to face or on FaceTime?
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oči u oči, ili na fejstajmu.
07:47
Be reasonable in your assessment;
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Buditi razboriti u proceni,
07:49
I'm not talking about
your Facebook friends.
your Facebook friends.
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ne govorim o prijateljima na fejsbuku.
07:52
I'm speaking of the people who shape
your weekly emotional experience.
your weekly emotional experience.
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Govorim o ljudima koji utiču na vaš
emotivni doživljaj.
emotivni doživljaj.
07:56
My mother in Accra,
my twin sister in Boston,
my twin sister in Boston,
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Moja mama u Akri,
moja sestra bliznakinja u Bostonu,
moja sestra bliznakinja u Bostonu,
07:58
my best friends in New York:
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moji najbolji prijatelji u Njujorku,
08:01
these relationships are home for me.
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to su veze, koje su moj dom.
08:03
"R" number two, relationships.
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Pod dva, V, veze.
08:06
We're local where we carry out
our rituals and relationships,
our rituals and relationships,
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Pripadamo tamo gde izvodimo
svoje rituale i održavamo veze,
svoje rituale i održavamo veze,
08:10
but how we experience our locality
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ali naš doživljaj pripadnosti
08:13
depends in part on our restrictions.
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delimično zavisi od naših ograničenja.
08:17
By restrictions, I mean,
where are you able to live?
where are you able to live?
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Pod time mislim na sposobnost
gde ste u stanju da živite.
gde ste u stanju da živite.
08:19
What passport do you hold?
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2033
Kakav pasoš imate?
08:21
Are you restricted by, say, racism,
from feeling fully at home where you live?
from feeling fully at home where you live?
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5267
Da li vas u osećaju punog pripadanja domu
sputava, na primer, rasizam
sputava, na primer, rasizam
08:27
By civil war, dysfunctional governance,
economic inflation,
economic inflation,
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ili građanski rat, nefunkcionalna uprava,
ekonomska inflacija,
ekonomska inflacija,
08:31
from living in the locality
where you had your rituals as a child?
where you had your rituals as a child?
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da biste živeli na mestu gde ste
izvodili rituale kao dete.
izvodili rituale kao dete.
08:36
This is the least sexy of the R’s,
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Ovo "O" je gore od "R" i "V"
08:39
less lyric than rituals and relationships,
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prozaičnije od rituala i veza,
08:41
but the question takes us past
"Where are you now?"
"Where are you now?"
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i pitanje nas odvodi od
"Gde se sada nalaziš"
"Gde se sada nalaziš"
08:45
to "Why aren't you there, and why?"
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do pitanja "A zašto nisi tamo"
08:49
Rituals, relationships, restrictions.
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Rituali, veze, oganičenja.
08:52
Take a piece of paper
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1525
Uzmite papir i napišite
08:54
and put those three words
on top of three columns,
on top of three columns,
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te tri reči na vrh tri kolone
08:57
then try to fill those columns
as honestly as you can.
as honestly as you can.
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i popunite kolone najiskrenije.
09:01
A very different picture
of your life in local context,
of your life in local context,
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4161
Drugačija slika vašeg života
u lokalnom kontekstu,
u lokalnom kontekstu,
09:05
of your identity as a set of experiences,
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vaš identitet kao zbir doživljaja,
09:08
may emerge.
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1160
može se pojaviti.
09:09
So let's try it.
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Hajde da pokušamo.
09:11
I have a friend named Olu.
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Imam prijatelja Olua.
09:12
He's 35 years old.
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1595
Ima 35 godina.
09:14
His parents, born in Nigeria,
came to Germany on scholarships.
came to Germany on scholarships.
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3945
Njegovi roditelji, rođeni u Nigeriji,
došli su u Nemačku kao stipendisti.
došli su u Nemačku kao stipendisti.
09:18
Olu was born in Nuremberg
and lived there until age 10.
and lived there until age 10.
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Olu se rodio u Nirnbergu i živeo tamo
do svoje desete godine.
do svoje desete godine.
09:22
When his family moved to Lagos,
he studied in London,
he studied in London,
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Njegovi su se preselili u Lagos,
on je studirao u Londonu,
on je studirao u Londonu,
09:24
then came to Berlin.
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1425
zatim je došao u Berlin.
09:26
He loves going to Nigeria --
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2659
Voli da odlazi u Nigeriju
09:28
the weather, the food, the friends --
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zbog klime, hrane, prijatelja,
09:31
but hates the political corruption there.
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2514
ali mrzi političku korupciju tamo.
09:34
Where is Olu from?
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1200
Odakle je Olu?
09:36
I have another friend named Udo.
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Drugi moj prijatelj je Udo.
09:38
He's also 35 years old.
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I on ima 35 godina.
09:40
Udo was born in Córdoba,
in northwest Argentina,
in northwest Argentina,
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Rodio se u Kordobi,
na severozapadu Argentine,
na severozapadu Argentine,
09:43
where his grandparents migrated
from Germany, what is now Poland,
from Germany, what is now Poland,
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gde su njegovi baba i deda migrirali
iz Nemačke, sad je to Poljska,
iz Nemačke, sad je to Poljska,
09:47
after the war.
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posle rata.
09:48
Udo studied in Buenos Aires,
and nine years ago came to Berlin.
and nine years ago came to Berlin.
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3882
Udo je studirao u Buenos Ajresu,
i došao u Berlin pre deset godina.
i došao u Berlin pre deset godina.
09:52
He loves going to Argentina --
the weather, the food, the friends --
the weather, the food, the friends --
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Voli da odlazi u Argentinu
zbog klime, hrane, prijatelja,
zbog klime, hrane, prijatelja,
09:56
but hates the economic corruption there.
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2460
ali mrzi ekonomsku korupciju tamo.
09:59
Where is Udo from?
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587467
1938
Odakle je Udo?
10:01
With his blonde hair and blue eyes,
Udo could pass for German,
Udo could pass for German,
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3633
Plavokos i plavook, mogao bi da prođe
kao Nemac,
kao Nemac,
10:05
but holds an Argentinian passport,
so needs a visa to live in Berlin.
so needs a visa to live in Berlin.
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ali ima argentinski pasoš,
i treba mu viza za boravak u Berlinu.
i treba mu viza za boravak u Berlinu.
10:09
That Udo is from Argentina
has largely to do with history.
has largely to do with history.
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4309
To što je Udo iz Argentine,
ima veze sa istorijom.
ima veze sa istorijom.
10:13
That he's a local
of Buenos Aires and Berlin,
of Buenos Aires and Berlin,
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3157
To, što on pripada
Buenos Ajresu i Berlinu,
Buenos Ajresu i Berlinu,
10:16
that has to do with life.
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1785
to ima veze sa njegovim životom.
10:18
Olu, who looks Nigerian,
needs a visa to visit Nigeria.
needs a visa to visit Nigeria.
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4201
Olu, koji izgleda kao Nigerijci,
mora da ima vizu da bi posetio Nigeriju.
mora da ima vizu da bi posetio Nigeriju.
10:22
He speaks Yoruba with an English accent,
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2391
On govori Joruba sa engleskim naglaskom,
10:25
and English with a German one.
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613414
2079
a engleski sa nemačkim naglaskom.
10:27
To claim that he's
"not really Nigerian," though,
"not really Nigerian," though,
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2541
Tvrdnja da on nije pravi Nigerijac,
10:30
denies his experience in Lagos,
186
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2328
može se osporiti njegovim
doživljajima u Lagosu,
doživljajima u Lagosu,
10:32
the rituals he practiced growing up,
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620434
2183
ritualima koje je izvodio
dok je odrastao,
dok je odrastao,
10:34
his relationship with family and friends.
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2429
njegovom vezom sa porodicom
i prijateljima.
i prijateljima.
10:37
Meanwhile, though Lagos
is undoubtedly one of his homes,
is undoubtedly one of his homes,
189
625531
3921
Iako je Lagos nesumnjivo
jedan od njegovih zavičaja,
jedan od njegovih zavičaja,
10:41
Olu always feels restricted there,
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629476
2499
Olu se uvek oseća sputano tamo,
10:43
not least by the fact that he's gay.
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631999
2269
između ostalog i zato što je gej.
10:47
Both he and Udo are restricted
by the political conditions
by the political conditions
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635228
3722
I on i Udo su sputani,
političkim uslovima
političkim uslovima
10:50
of their parents' countries,
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1653
država svojih roditelja,
10:52
from living where some of their
most meaningful rituals
most meaningful rituals
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640652
2984
od života tamo, gde se
najznačajniji rituali
najznačajniji rituali
10:55
and relationships occur.
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643660
1950
i veze događaju.
10:57
To say Olu is from Nigeria
and Udo is from Argentina
and Udo is from Argentina
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645634
4101
Reći da je Olu iz Nigerije
a Udo iz Argentine,
a Udo iz Argentine,
11:01
distracts from their common experience.
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649759
2113
odudara od njihovog uobičajnog iskustva.
11:03
Their rituals, their relationships,
and their restrictions are the same.
and their restrictions are the same.
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651896
3615
Njihovi rituali, veze i ograničenja
su isti.
su isti.
11:08
Of course, when we ask,
"Where are you from?"
"Where are you from?"
199
656146
2414
Kada upitamo nekog "Odakle si?"
11:10
we're using a kind of shorthand.
200
658584
1921
koristimo neku vrstu skraćenice.
11:12
It's quicker to say "Nigeria"
than "Lagos and Berlin,"
than "Lagos and Berlin,"
201
660529
3927
Brže je reći Nigerija
nego Lagos i Berlin,
nego Lagos i Berlin,
11:16
and as with Google Maps,
we can always zoom in closer,
we can always zoom in closer,
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3831
i kao sa gugl kartama,
možemo se približiti
možemo se približiti
11:20
from country to city to neighborhood.
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668771
2460
državi, gradu, susedstvu.
11:23
But that's not quite the point.
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2293
Ali nije u tome suština.
11:26
The difference between
"Where are you from?"
"Where are you from?"
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674310
2589
Razlika između pitanja
"Odakle si?"
"Odakle si?"
11:28
and "Where are you a local?"
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676923
1516
i "Gde pripadaš?"
11:30
isn't the specificity of the answer;
207
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2962
nije u specifičnosti odgovora,
11:33
it's the intention of the question.
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681449
2115
već u tome šta je namera pitanja.
11:36
Replacing the language of nationality
with the language of locality asks us
with the language of locality asks us
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684040
5141
Stavljanje naglaska na pripadnost
umesto na državljanstvo
umesto na državljanstvo
11:41
to shift our focus
to where real life occurs.
to where real life occurs.
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689206
3691
pomera centar posmatranja
na realan život.
na realan život.
11:45
Even that most glorious expression
of countryhood, the World Cup,
of countryhood, the World Cup,
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4217
Čak i na Svetskom prvenstvu,
blistavom izražavanju pripadnosti naciji,
blistavom izražavanju pripadnosti naciji,
11:49
gives us national teams comprised
mostly of multilocal players.
mostly of multilocal players.
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5696
reprezentacije su sastavljene
od igrača iz raznih država.
od igrača iz raznih država.
11:55
As a unit of measurement
for human experience,
for human experience,
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2517
Država nije prava jedinica mere
11:58
the country doesn't quite work.
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706200
2775
za izražavanje ljudskog iskustva.
12:00
That's why Olu says, "I'm German,
but my parents come from Nigeria."
but my parents come from Nigeria."
215
708999
3853
Zato Olu kaže: "Ja sam Nemac,
ali moji roditelji potiču iz Nigerije."
ali moji roditelji potiču iz Nigerije."
12:05
The "but" in that sentence
belies the inflexibility of the units,
belies the inflexibility of the units,
216
713249
5356
To "ali" pobija nefleksibilnost
u jedinicama,
u jedinicama,
12:10
one fixed and fictional entity
bumping up against another.
bumping up against another.
217
718629
4138
jer se sudaraju jedan fiksni
i jedan fiktivni entitet.
i jedan fiktivni entitet.
12:15
"I'm a local of Lagos and Berlin,"
suggests overlapping experiences,
suggests overlapping experiences,
218
723164
4422
"Ja pripadam Lagosu i Berlinu,"
navodi na prošireno iskustvo,
navodi na prošireno iskustvo,
12:19
layers that merge together,
that can't be denied or removed.
that can't be denied or removed.
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727610
4225
na slojeve koji se spajaju
i ne mogu se poreći ili odstraniti.
i ne mogu se poreći ili odstraniti.
12:24
You can take away my passport,
220
732176
2232
Mogu mi oduzeti pasoš,
12:26
but you can't take away my experience.
221
734432
2107
ali ne mogu oduzeti
ono što sam iskusila.
ono što sam iskusila.
12:28
That I carry within me.
222
736563
2111
To je deo mene.
12:30
Where I'm from comes wherever I go.
223
738698
2642
Poreklo me svuda prati.
12:34
To be clear, I'm not suggesting
that we do away with countries.
that we do away with countries.
224
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3367
Ne sugerišem da se odreknemo države.
12:37
There's much to be said
for national history,
for national history,
225
745645
2133
Ima mnogo da se priča
o nacionalnoj istoriji,
o nacionalnoj istoriji,
12:39
more for the sovereign state.
226
747803
1961
više nego o suverenoj državi.
12:41
Culture exists in community,
and community exists in context.
and community exists in context.
227
749788
4697
Kultura egzistira u zajednici,
a zajednica u okruženju.
a zajednica u okruženju.
12:46
Geography, tradition, collective memory:
these things are important.
these things are important.
228
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3966
Važne su geografija, tradicija
i kolektivno sećanje.
i kolektivno sećanje.
12:51
What I'm questioning is primacy.
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759006
2508
Ja se samo pitam,
šta je primarno.
šta je primarno.
12:53
All of those introductions on tour
began with reference to nation,
began with reference to nation,
230
761999
4664
Svi uvodni govori na turneji
upućivali su na naciju,
upućivali su na naciju,
12:58
as if knowing what country I came
from would tell my audience who I was.
from would tell my audience who I was.
231
766687
4323
kao da bi zemlja porekla
govorila publici nešto o meni.
govorila publici nešto o meni.
13:03
What are we really seeking, though,
when we ask where someone comes from?
when we ask where someone comes from?
232
771510
3905
Šta zapravo tražimo
kada nekog pitamo odakle je?
kada nekog pitamo odakle je?
13:07
And what are we really seeing
when we hear an answer?
when we hear an answer?
233
775439
2941
I šta zaista vidimo kad čujemo odgovor?
13:10
Here's one possibility:
234
778999
1271
Evo jedne mogućnosti:
13:12
basically, countries represent power.
235
780294
2770
u osnovi, države predstavljaju snagu.
13:15
"Where are you from?"
Mexico. Poland. Bangladesh. Less power.
Mexico. Poland. Bangladesh. Less power.
236
783588
4575
"Odakle si?" Meksiko, Poljska,
Bangladeš. Manja moć.
Bangladeš. Manja moć.
13:20
America. Germany. Japan. More power.
237
788671
3494
Amerika, Nemačka, Japan. VIše moći.
13:24
China. Russia. Ambiguous.
238
792189
2887
Kina, Rusija. Dvosmisleno.
13:27
(Laughter)
239
795703
1660
(Smeh)
13:29
It's possible that without realizing it,
we're playing a power game,
we're playing a power game,
240
797387
3661
Moguće je da bez sopstvenog znanja
igramo igru moći,
igramo igru moći,
13:33
especially in the context
of multi-ethnic countries.
of multi-ethnic countries.
241
801072
3341
naročito u kontekstu multietničkih država.
13:36
As any recent immigrant knows,
242
804437
2269
Svi noviji imigranti znaju
13:38
the question "Where are you from?"
or "Where are you really from?"
or "Where are you really from?"
243
806731
4244
da pitanje "Odakle si?"
ili "Odakle si, stvarno?",
ili "Odakle si, stvarno?",
13:42
is often code for "Why are you here?"
244
810999
2469
znači, u stvari: "Zašto si ovde?"
13:46
Then we have the scholar
William Deresiewicz's writing
William Deresiewicz's writing
245
814324
3112
Tu je i pisanje akademika
Vilijama Deresevica
Vilijama Deresevica
13:49
of elite American colleges.
246
817460
1773
o elitnim američkim koledžima.
13:51
"Students think that
their environment is diverse
their environment is diverse
247
819257
3151
"Studenti misle da je njihovo
okruženje raznoliko
okruženje raznoliko
13:54
if one comes from Missouri
and another from Pakistan --
and another from Pakistan --
248
822432
3255
ako je neko iz Misurija,
a neko iz Pakistana,
a neko iz Pakistana,
13:57
never mind that all of their parents
are doctors or bankers."
are doctors or bankers."
249
825711
4038
ne mareći o tome da su svima roditelji
doktori ili bankari."
doktori ili bankari."
14:02
I'm with him.
250
830114
1159
Slažem se s njim.
14:03
To call one student American,
another Pakistani,
another Pakistani,
251
831297
3471
Nazvati nekog studenta Amerikancem,
drugog Pakistancem,
drugog Pakistancem,
14:06
then triumphantly claim
student body diversity
student body diversity
252
834792
3261
zatim trijumfalno izjaviti
da postoji raznolikost studenata,
da postoji raznolikost studenata,
14:10
ignores the fact that these students
are locals of the same milieu.
are locals of the same milieu.
253
838077
3643
zapostavlja činjenicu da ovi studenti
pripadaju istom miljeu.
pripadaju istom miljeu.
14:13
The same holds true on the other end
of the economic spectrum.
of the economic spectrum.
254
841744
3349
Isto je na drugom kraju
ekonomskog spektra.
ekonomskog spektra.
14:17
A Mexican gardener in Los Angeles
and a Nepali housekeeper in Delhi
and a Nepali housekeeper in Delhi
255
845593
4672
Meksički baštovan u Los Anđelesu
i nepalski domaćin u Delhiju
i nepalski domaćin u Delhiju
14:22
have more in common
in terms of rituals and restrictions
in terms of rituals and restrictions
256
850289
3823
imaju više zajedničkog u smislu
rituala i ograničenja
rituala i ograničenja
14:26
than nationality implies.
257
854136
1786
nego što im na to
ukazuje nacionalnost.
ukazuje nacionalnost.
14:27
Perhaps my biggest problem
with coming from countries
with coming from countries
258
855946
3595
Možda je moj najveći problem
u vezi porekla
u vezi porekla
14:31
is the myth of going back to them.
259
859565
1714
mit o povratku na to mesto.
14:33
I'm often asked if I plan
to "go back" to Ghana.
to "go back" to Ghana.
260
861303
3095
Često me pitaju da li planiram
da se "vratim" u Ganu.
da se "vratim" u Ganu.
14:36
I go to Accra every year,
but I can't "go back" to Ghana.
but I can't "go back" to Ghana.
261
864422
4320
Svake godine odlazim u Akru,
ali ne mogu da se "vratim" u Ganu.
ali ne mogu da se "vratim" u Ganu.
14:40
It's not because I wasn't born there.
262
868766
1801
Ne zato što se nisam rodila tamo.
14:42
My father can't go back, either.
263
870591
2333
Ni moj otac ne može da se vrati.
14:44
The country in which he was born,
264
872948
2027
Država u kojoj se rodio
14:46
that country no longer exists.
265
874999
2334
više ne postoji.
14:49
We can never go back to a place
and find it exactly where we left it.
and find it exactly where we left it.
266
877357
3835
Nikad ne možemo da se vratimo
i da je nađemo tamo, gde smo je ostavili.
i da je nađemo tamo, gde smo je ostavili.
14:53
Something, somewhere
will always have changed,
will always have changed,
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Uvek će se negde nešto promeniti,
14:56
most of all, ourselves.
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a najviše mi sami.
14:58
People.
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Mi, ljudi.
14:59
Finally, what we're talking
about is human experience,
about is human experience,
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Na kraju, pričamo o ljudskom iskustvu,
15:02
this notoriously and gloriously
disorderly affair.
disorderly affair.
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o opštepoznatoj i veličanstvenoj,
neuređenoj stvari.
neuređenoj stvari.
15:06
In creative writing,
locality bespeaks humanity.
locality bespeaks humanity.
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U stvaralačkom pisanju
pripadanje mestu je znak humanosti.
pripadanje mestu je znak humanosti.
15:10
The more we know
about where a story is set,
about where a story is set,
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Što više znamo o tome
gde je priča smeštena,
gde je priča smeštena,
15:12
the more local color and texture,
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što je više boja i teksture,
15:14
the more human
the characters start to feel,
the characters start to feel,
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tim su likovi humaniji,
15:17
the more relatable, not less.
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mnogo više ljudski.
15:19
The myth of national identity
and the vocabulary of coming from
and the vocabulary of coming from
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Mit o nacionalnom identitetu i poreklu
15:24
confuses us into placing ourselves
into mutually exclusive categories.
into mutually exclusive categories.
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unosi zabunu i postavlja nas
u međusobno isključive kategorije.
u međusobno isključive kategorije.
15:29
In fact, all of us are multi --
multi-local, multi-layered.
multi-local, multi-layered.
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U stvari, svi smo multi-lokalni.
15:33
To begin our conversations
with an acknowledgement of this complexity
with an acknowledgement of this complexity
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Započeti razgovore priznanjem
ove složenosti,
ove složenosti,
15:37
brings us closer together, I think,
not further apart.
not further apart.
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dovešće do međusobnog zbližavanja,
a ne do podele.
a ne do podele.
15:40
So the next time that I'm introduced,
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Sledeći put, kada me budu predstavljali,
15:44
I'd love to hear the truth:
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volela bih da čujem istinu:
15:46
"Taiye Selasi is a human being,
like everybody here.
like everybody here.
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"Taji Selasi je ljudsko biće,
kao i svi ovde.
kao i svi ovde.
15:50
She isn't a citizen of the world,
but a citizen of worlds.
but a citizen of worlds.
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Ona nije građanin sveta,
već građanin svetova.
već građanin svetova.
15:54
She is a local of New York,
Rome and Accra."
Rome and Accra."
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Ona pripada Njujorku, Rimu, Akri.
15:57
Thank you.
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Hvala.
15:58
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Taiye Selasi - AuthorIn her writings, Taiye Selasi explores our relationship to our multiple identities.
Why you should listen
A writer and photographer of Nigerian and Ghanaian descent, born in London and raised in Boston, now living in Rome and Berlin, who has studied Latin and music, Taiye Selasi is herself a study in the modern meaning of identity. In 2005 she published the much-discussed (and controversial) essay "Bye-Bye, Babar (Or: What Is an Afropolitan?)," offering an alternative vision of African identity for a transnational generation. Prompted by writer Toni Morrison, the following year she published the short story "The Sex Lives of African Girls" in the literary magazine Granta.
Her first novel Ghana Must Go, published in 2013, is a tale of family drama and reconciliation, following six characters and spanning generations, continents, genders and classes.
Taiye Selasi | Speaker | TED.com