TEDGlobal 2014
Dave Troy: Social maps that reveal a city's intersections — and separations
戴夫•特洛伊 : 各式各样的社交地图展示出一个城市的聚合—与分离
Filmed:
Readability: 4.2
1,360,205 views
每个城市都有自己的社区、派系和社团，隐藏的线聚集或区隔同一城镇的群众。通过群众在网上的分享，我们可以了解城市吗？戴夫•特洛伊从他自己的家乡巴尔的摩开始，把城市居民的推文视觉化，揭示他们住在哪里，跟谁说话—以及不跟谁说话。
Dave Troy - Technologist
The co-host of TEDxMidAtlantic, Dave Troy is a serial entrepreneur and a data-viz fan. Full bio
The co-host of TEDxMidAtlantic, Dave Troy is a serial entrepreneur and a data-viz fan. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
When we think about mapping cities,
0
620
1775
当我们给城市制作地图时，
00:14
we tend to think about roads
and streets and buildings,
and streets and buildings,
1
2395
2805
我们会想到道路、
街道和建筑物，
街道和建筑物，
00:17
and the settlement narrative
that led to their creation,
that led to their creation,
2
5200
2800
和其建造的背后故事，
00:20
or you might think about
the bold vision of an urban designer,
the bold vision of an urban designer,
3
8000
2984
或者会想到
城市设计师的大胆设想，
城市设计师的大胆设想，
00:22
but there's other ways
to think about mapping cities
to think about mapping cities
4
10984
2503
但其实，制作城市地图时，
还有其他思维角度
还有其他思维角度
00:25
and how they got to be made.
5
13487
2166
以及绘制方法。
00:27
Today, I want to show you
a new kind of map.
a new kind of map.
6
15653
2093
今天我要给大家展示一种新的地图，
00:29
This is not a geographic map.
7
17746
1496
这并不是一种地理学上的地图。
00:31
This is a map of the relationships
between people in my hometown
between people in my hometown
8
19242
3131
这是我的家乡马里兰州巴尔的摩
00:34
of Baltimore, Maryland,
9
22373
1340
人与人之间的关系图，
00:35
and what you can see here is that
each dot represents a person,
each dot represents a person,
10
23713
4417
你在这里看到的是
每点代表着一个人，
每点代表着一个人，
00:40
each line represents a relationship
between those people,
between those people,
11
28130
3294
而每条线代表那些人之间的关系，
00:43
and each color represents a community
within the network.
within the network.
12
31424
3446
而每种颜色代表网络内的社区。
00:46
Now, I'm here on the green side,
down on the far right where the geeks are,
down on the far right where the geeks are,
13
34870
4862
现在，我在绿色那面，
也就是‘怪才’的区域，
也就是‘怪才’的区域，
00:51
and TEDx also is down
on the far right. (Laughter)
on the far right. (Laughter)
14
39732
3848
而 TEDx 也在最右边。（笑声）
00:55
Now, on the other side of the network,
15
43580
2577
在网络上的另一端，
00:58
you tend to have primarily
African-American and Latino folks
African-American and Latino folks
16
46157
2960
主要为非洲裔和拉丁裔人，
01:01
who are really concerned about somewhat
different things than the geeks are,
different things than the geeks are,
17
49117
3590
他们真正关心的东西
与怪才关心的不同，
与怪才关心的不同，
01:04
but just to give some sense,
18
52707
1441
我解释一下，
01:06
the green part of the network
we call Smalltimore,
we call Smalltimore,
19
54148
2406
网络的绿色部分
我们称之为Smalltimore，
我们称之为Smalltimore，
01:08
for those of us that inhabit it,
20
56554
1545
居住在这个区域的人会如此称呼它，
01:10
because it seems as though
we're living in a very small town.
we're living in a very small town.
21
58099
2915
是因为居民好像生活
在一个非常小的城镇。
在一个非常小的城镇。
01:13
We see the same people
over and over again,
over and over again,
22
61014
2034
我们一遍又一遍看到同样的人，
01:15
but that's because
we're not really exploring
we're not really exploring
23
63048
2171
那是因为我们未曾真正地探索
城市的深度和广度。
01:17
the full depth and breadth of the city.
24
65219
2862
01:20
On the other end of the network,
25
68081
1752
在网络上的另一端，
01:21
you have folks who are interested
in things like hip-hop music
in things like hip-hop music
26
69833
2937
那里的民众对嘻哈音乐感兴趣
01:24
and they even identify with living
in the DC/Maryland/Virginia area
in the DC/Maryland/Virginia area
27
72770
3804
甚至可确定为是居住在华盛顿、马
里兰或弗吉尼亚地区，
里兰或弗吉尼亚地区，
01:28
over, say, the Baltimore city
designation proper.
designation proper.
28
76574
4416
例如巴尔的摩市的人。
01:32
But in the middle, you see that there's
29
80990
2100
但在中间，
01:35
something that connects
the two communities together,
the two communities together,
30
83090
2483
你会看到一些东西
把两个社区连接在一起，
把两个社区连接在一起，
01:37
and that's sports.
31
85573
879
像是体育活动。
01:38
We have the Baltimore Orioles,
the Baltimore Ravens football team,
the Baltimore Ravens football team,
32
86452
3088
我们有巴尔的摩金莺、
巴尔的摩乌鸦足球队、
巴尔的摩乌鸦足球队、
01:41
Michael Phelps, the Olympian.
33
89540
1446
奥运选手迈可菲尔普斯。
01:42
Under Armour, you may have heard of,
is a Baltimore company,
is a Baltimore company,
34
90986
2838
Under Armour是一间位于
巴尔的摩的公司，或许你听过，
巴尔的摩的公司，或许你听过，
01:45
and that community of sports
acts as the only bridge
acts as the only bridge
35
93824
2433
而各式各样运动的社区
01:48
between these two ends of the network.
36
96257
2271
成为网络两端之间的唯一桥梁。
01:50
Let's take a look at San Francisco.
37
98528
1895
让我们看看旧金山，
01:52
You see something a little bit
different happening in San Francisco.
different happening in San Francisco.
38
100423
3186
你会发现旧金山
的情况有点不同，
的情况有点不同，
01:55
On the one hand, you do have
the media, politics and news lobe
the media, politics and news lobe
39
103609
4393
一方面，媒体、政治和新闻
02:00
that tends to exist
in Baltimore and other cities,
in Baltimore and other cities,
40
108002
2535
普遍处于巴尔的摩
以及其他城市，
以及其他城市，
02:02
but you also have this
very predominant group
very predominant group
41
110537
2355
但网络上方的主要占据者，
02:04
of geeks and techies that are sort of
taking over the top half of the network,
taking over the top half of the network,
42
112892
4393
是各类怪才与技师，
02:09
and there's even a group
that's so distinct and clear
that's so distinct and clear
43
117285
2502
甚至还有一组如此鲜明和清晰的人群
02:11
that we can identify it
as Twitter employees,
as Twitter employees,
44
119787
2350
我们能够认出他们是Twitter的员工，
02:14
next to the geeks, in between
the gamers and the geeks,
the gamers and the geeks,
45
122137
3367
就在怪才的旁边，
游戏玩家和怪才两者之间，
游戏玩家和怪才两者之间，
02:17
at the opposite end
of the hip-hop spectrum.
of the hip-hop spectrum.
46
125504
2941
与嘻哈族相对的位置。
02:20
So you can see, though,
47
128445
1717
不过，大家可以看到，
02:22
that the tensions that we've
heard about in San Francisco
heard about in San Francisco
48
130162
2681
与传闻一致，旧金山的拉锯是真的
02:24
in terms of people being
concerned about gentrification
concerned about gentrification
49
132843
2921
新兴技术公司带来新财富和居民
02:27
and all the new tech companies
that are bringing new wealth
that are bringing new wealth
50
135764
2759
让土地房屋增值
02:30
and settlement into the city are real,
51
138523
2097
导致地区贵族化。
02:32
and you can actually see
that documented here.
that documented here.
52
140620
2229
从这里的文件记录你可以看到
02:34
You can see the LGBT community
53
142849
2020
LGBT社群
02:36
is not really getting along
with the geek community that well,
with the geek community that well,
54
144869
3296
与怪才社群真的相处得不好，
02:40
the arts community, the music community.
55
148165
2132
还有艺术社群以及音乐社群。
02:42
And so it leads to things like this.
56
150297
1773
以至于会发生这种事：
02:44
["Evict Twitter"]
57
152070
973
["驱逐推特"]
02:45
Somebody sent me this photo
a few weeks ago,
a few weeks ago,
58
153043
1824
几个星期前有人给我发了这张照片，
02:46
and it shows what is happening
on the ground in San Francisco,
on the ground in San Francisco,
59
154867
2907
这反映了在旧金山正发生什么事情，
02:49
and I think you can
actually try to understand that
actually try to understand that
60
157774
2384
我认为你可以实际地
02:52
through looking at a map like this.
61
160158
1702
通过这样的地图去理解。
02:53
Let's take a look at Rio de Janeiro.
62
161860
1760
让我们来看看里约热内卢。
02:55
I spent the last few weeks
gathering data about Rio,
gathering data about Rio,
63
163620
2454
在过去的几个星期，
我收集了里约的数据，
我收集了里约的数据，
02:58
and one of the things
that stood out to me about this city
that stood out to me about this city
64
166074
2807
对我来说这个城市
其中一样最突出的事情，
其中一样最突出的事情，
03:00
is that everything's
really kind of mixed up.
really kind of mixed up.
65
168881
2122
就是所有事情都真的混合起来。
03:03
It's a very heterogenous city in a way
that Baltimore or San Francisco is not.
that Baltimore or San Francisco is not.
66
171003
4104
这是一个非常异端的城市，
巴尔的摩或旧金山不会这样的。
巴尔的摩或旧金山不会这样的。
03:07
You still have the lobe of people involved
67
175107
2455
你还有人涉及到
03:09
with government, newspapers,
politics, columnists.
politics, columnists.
68
177562
2384
政府、报纸、政治或专栏作家，
03:11
TEDxRio is down in the lower right,
right next to bloggers and writers.
right next to bloggers and writers.
69
179946
3404
TEDxRio 位于右下角，
在博客和作家的旁边。
在博客和作家的旁边。
03:15
But then you also have this
tremendous diversity of people
tremendous diversity of people
70
183350
2709
但你也有这样惊人的多样性的民众，
03:18
that are interested
in different kinds of music.
in different kinds of music.
71
186059
2274
对不同类型的音乐感到兴趣，
03:20
Even Justin Bieber fans
are represented here.
are represented here.
72
188333
2204
甚至贾斯汀•比伯的粉丝
也在这里。
也在这里。
03:22
Other boy bands, country singers,
73
190537
2892
其他男子乐队、乡村歌手、
03:25
gospel music, funk and rap
and stand-up comedy,
and stand-up comedy,
74
193429
2908
福音音乐、放克和说唱
和单口相声，
和单口相声，
03:28
and there's even a whole section
around drugs and jokes.
around drugs and jokes.
75
196337
3039
甚至还有一整节
是关于毒品和笑话。
是关于毒品和笑话。
03:31
How cool is that?
76
199376
1486
真的很酷吧？
03:32
And then the Flamengo football team
is also represented here.
is also represented here.
77
200862
3134
然后弗拉门戈足球队也在这里。
03:35
So you have that same kind of spread
78
203996
2160
所以你有同样伸展的
03:38
of sports and civics
and the arts and music,
and the arts and music,
79
206156
2715
体育和公民，以及艺术和音乐，
03:40
but it's represented
in a very different way,
in a very different way,
80
208871
2161
但它以一个非常不同的方式代表，
03:43
and I think that maybe fits
with our understanding of Rio
with our understanding of Rio
81
211032
3320
我认为，这也许与
我们对里约的理解相符，
我们对里约的理解相符，
03:46
as being a very multicultural,
musically diverse city.
musically diverse city.
82
214352
4014
其为一个文化多元化，
音乐多元化的城市。
音乐多元化的城市。
03:50
So we have all this data.
83
218366
3618
如此我们拥有这些数据。
03:53
It's an incredibly rich set of data
that we have about cities now,
that we have about cities now,
84
221984
3118
这是非常丰富的数据集，
我们现在针对城市所拥有的，
我们现在针对城市所拥有的，
03:57
maybe even richer than any data set
that we've ever had before.
that we've ever had before.
85
225102
3246
甚至比我们过往拥有的
任何数据集更丰富。
任何数据集更丰富。
04:00
So what can we do with it?
86
228348
1924
因此，我们能做些什么呢？
04:02
Well, I think the first thing
that we can try to understand
that we can try to understand
87
230272
2870
嗯，我认为优先的事
是我们要尝试去了解
是我们要尝试去了解
04:05
is that segregation is a social construct.
88
233142
2338
隔离是一种社会建构。
04:07
It's something that we choose to do,
and we could choose not to do it,
and we could choose not to do it,
89
235480
3344
这是我们可以选择做的，
或者可以选择不这样做，
或者可以选择不这样做，
04:10
and if you kind of think about it,
90
238824
1932
如果你仔细想想，
04:12
what we're doing with this data
is aiming a space telescope at a city
is aiming a space telescope at a city
91
240756
3411
我们正在处理的这些数据
是把一个太空望远镜对准一个城市，
是把一个太空望远镜对准一个城市，
04:16
and looking at it as if was
a giant high school cafeteria,
a giant high school cafeteria,
92
244167
3032
看着它像是对准
一个巨大的高中食堂，
一个巨大的高中食堂，
04:19
and seeing how everybody arranged
themselves in a seating chart.
themselves in a seating chart.
93
247199
3738
看看大家如何排列一个座位表，
04:22
Well maybe it's time to shake up
the seating chart a little bit.
the seating chart a little bit.
94
250937
3313
也许是时候整顿一下座位表。
04:26
The other thing that we start to realize
95
254250
2540
我们开始意识到另一件事，
04:28
is that race is a really
poor proxy for diversity.
poor proxy for diversity.
96
256790
2638
“种族划分”并不能很好地表现出多样性。
04:31
We've got people represented
from all different types of races
from all different types of races
97
259428
2937
我们由不同类型的种族代表人民，
04:34
across the entire map here --
98
262365
2326
横跨整个地图 —
04:36
only looking at race
99
264691
2376
只盯着种族
04:39
doesn't really contribute to
our development of diversity.
our development of diversity.
100
267067
2718
并没有真正对我们发展
的多样性作出贡献。
的多样性作出贡献。
04:41
So if we're trying to use diversity
101
269785
1739
因此，如果我们试图使用多样化
04:43
as a way to tackle some of our
more intractable problems,
more intractable problems,
102
271524
3081
成为解决我们一些
更棘手的问题的方法，
更棘手的问题的方法，
04:46
we need to start to think
about diversity in a new way.
about diversity in a new way.
103
274605
3294
我们需要开始
以新的方式思考多样性。
以新的方式思考多样性。
04:49
And lastly, we have the ability to create
104
277899
3527
最后，我们要有能力干预，
04:53
interventions to start to reshape
our cities in a new way,
our cities in a new way,
105
281426
3094
以一种新的方式重塑我们的城市，
04:56
and I believe that if
we have that capability,
we have that capability,
106
284520
2600
我相信，如果我们有能力的话，
04:59
we may even bear some
responsibility to do so.
responsibility to do so.
107
287120
3065
我们甚至会承担一些责任。
05:02
So what is a city?
108
290185
1765
那么什么是城市？
05:03
I think some might say that it is
109
291950
2206
我觉得有些人会说，
05:06
a geographical area or a collection
of streets and buildings,
of streets and buildings,
110
294156
3160
这是地理上的区域、
或街道和建筑的聚集，
或街道和建筑的聚集，
05:09
but I believe that a city
is the sum of the relationships
is the sum of the relationships
111
297316
2752
但是我相信，一个城市
是生活在那里的人
是生活在那里的人
05:12
of the people that live there,
112
300068
1561
的关系总和，
05:13
and I believe that if we can start to
document those relationships in a real way
document those relationships in a real way
113
301629
6051
我相信，如果我们能够开始
以真实的方式用文档证明这些关系，
以真实的方式用文档证明这些关系，
05:19
then maybe we have a real shot
114
307680
1733
那么也许我们真的有机会
05:21
at creating those kinds of cities
that we'd like to have.
that we'd like to have.
115
309413
2675
创造出那些类型的城市，
且是我们要建立的。
且是我们要建立的。
05:24
Thank you.
116
312088
1357
谢谢大家
05:25
(Applause)
117
313445
2304
（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dave Troy - TechnologistThe co-host of TEDxMidAtlantic, Dave Troy is a serial entrepreneur and a data-viz fan.
Why you should listen
Dave Troy is a serial entrepreneur and community activist in Baltimore, Maryland. He is CEO and product architect at 410 Labs, maker of the popular e-mail management tool Mailstrom.co. He has been acknowledged by the founding team at Twitter as the first developer to utilize the Twitter API, with his project “Twittervision,” which was featured in the 2008 MoMA exhibition “Design and the Elastic Mind.” His crowdsourced project Peoplemaps.org uses social network data to map cities. He is also organizer of TEDxMidAtlantic and is passionate about data, cities, and entrepreneurship.
Read his post, "The Math Behind Peoplemaps."
Dave Troy | Speaker | TED.com