ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tim Berners-Lee - Inventor
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. He leads the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), overseeing the Web's standards and development.

Why you should listen

In the 1980s, scientists at CERN were asking themselves how massive, complex, collaborative projects -- like the fledgling LHC -- could be orchestrated and tracked. Tim Berners-Lee, then a contractor, answered by inventing the World Wide Web. This global system of hypertext documents, linked through the Internet, brought about a massive cultural shift ushered in by the new tech and content it made possible: AOL, eBay, Wikipedia, TED.com...

Berners-Lee is now director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which maintains standards for the Web and continues to refine its design. Recently he has envisioned a "Semantic Web" -- an evolved version of the same system that recognizes the meaning of the information it carries. He's the 3Com Founders Professor of Engineering in the School of Engineering with a joint appointment in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence (CSAIL) at the MIT, where he also heads the Decentralized Information Group (DIG). He is also a Professor in the Electronics and Computer Science Department at the University of Southampton, UK.

More profile about the speaker
Tim Berners-Lee | Speaker | TED.com
TED2010

Tim Berners-Lee: The year open data went worldwide

蒂姆·伯纳斯-李Tim Berners Lee: 公开数据遍布世界新纪元

Filmed:
771,473 views

在2009年的TED大会上,蒂姆·伯纳斯-李Tim Berners-Lee 呼吁政府, 科学家们, 和科研部门在网上公开”实时的原始数据“。 在2010年的TED大学演讲中, 他展示了一些数据关联后的有趣结果。
- Inventor
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. He leads the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), overseeing the Web's standards and development. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
Last year here at TEDTED
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去年,在TED,
00:17
I asked you to give me your data数据,
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我请求你们公开你们的数据资料,
00:19
to put your data数据 on the web卷筒纸, on the basis基础
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把数据资料放到网上,因为
00:21
that if people put data数据 onto the web卷筒纸 --
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如果人们把他们的数据资料放到网上,
00:24
government政府 data数据, scientific科学 data数据, community社区 data数据,
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那么政府数据,科学数据, 社区数据,
00:27
whatever随你 it is -- it will be used by other people
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不管是什么, 就会被其他人用来
00:29
to do wonderful精彩 things, in ways方法
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做一些美好的事情,这是
00:31
that they never could have imagined想象.
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他们从来都无法想象的事情。
00:33
So, today今天 I'm back just to show显示 you a few少数 things,
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所以, 今天我回来向你们展示几个事例,
00:36
to show显示 you, in fact事实, there is
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事实上,
00:38
an open打开 data数据 movement运动 afoot在进行中,
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现在在世界各地,公开数据资料的运动正在兴起
00:43
now, around the world世界.
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00:45
The cry of "Raw生的 data数据 now!"
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在去年TED演讲中,我和大家一起大声呼吁的“实时的原始数据”
00:47
which哪一个 I made制作 people make in the auditorium礼堂,
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已经
00:49
was heard听说 around the world世界.
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传播到世界各地。
00:51
So, let's roll the video视频.
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所以, 让我们播放录像。
00:54
A classic经典 story故事, the first one which哪一个 lots of people picked采摘的 up,
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事实上TED刚刚结束不久,3月10日播了这经典故事视频,它也是很多人首选
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was when in March游行 -- on March游行 10th in fact事实, soon不久 after TEDTED --
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的故事。
01:00
Paul保罗 Clarke克拉克, in the U.K. government政府,
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英国政府的保罗克拉克Paul Clarke
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blogged博客, "Oh, I've just got some raw生的 data数据. Here it is,
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发博客:“ 噢,我刚刚得到了一些原始数据。这个就是
01:05
it's about bicycle自行车 accidents事故."
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有关自行车意外的数据。”
01:08
Two days it took the Times Online线上
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时代在线用了两天时间
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to make a map地图, a mashable混搭 map地图 --
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做了一个地图, 一个合成的地图,
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we call these things mash-ups混搭 --
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我们称之为:合成(把数据融合到地图上),
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a mashed-up混搭起来 user用户 interface接口 that allows允许 you to go in there
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经过这种合成,你可以通过用户界面
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and have a look and find out whether是否 your bicycle自行车
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搜索和找到你上班的自行车
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route路线 to work was affected受影响.
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路线是否受影响。
01:21
Here's这里的 more data数据, traffic交通 survey调查 data数据,
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除此, 网上还很多其他的数据, 交通调查数据等
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again, put out by the U.K. government政府,
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都是英国政府放上去的。
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and because they put it up using运用 the Linked关联 Data数据 standards标准,
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因为他们上传的数据符合链接标准,
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then a user用户 could just make a map地图,
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所以用户可以使用这些数据做地图,
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just by clicking点击.
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只要点击一下就做成了。
01:32
Does this data数据 affect影响 things? Well, let's get back to 2008.
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这些数据起作用吗? 好吧,让我们回到2008年。
01:34
Look at Zanesville曾斯维尔, Ohio俄亥俄州.
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看看俄亥俄州曾斯维尔,
01:37
Here's这里的 a map地图 a lawyer律师 made制作. He put on it the water plant,
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这是一张律师制作的在自来水厂地图,
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and which哪一个 houses房屋 are there,
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看到那些房子,
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which哪一个 houses房屋 have been connected连接的 to the water.
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谁家连着用水?
01:44
And he got, from other data数据 sources来源,
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然后从其他数据源,他得到
01:46
information信息 to show显示
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资料显示了
01:49
which哪一个 houses房屋 are occupied占据 by white白色 people.
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哪个房子是白人家庭的。
01:51
Well, there was too much of a correlation相关, he felt,
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他感到,这两者之间的关联太紧密了。
01:54
between之间 which哪一个 houses房屋 were occupied占据 by white白色 people
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就哪些是白人拥有的房子,
01:57
and which哪一个 houses房屋 had water, and the judge法官 was not impressed印象深刻 either.
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和哪些房子有自来水之间的关系,法官看到以后对此也很不满。
02:00
The judge法官 was not impressed印象深刻 to the tune of 10.9 million百万 dollars美元.
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法官因此罚了他们1090万美元。
02:03
That's the power功率 of taking服用 one piece of data数据,
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这就是拿了一组数据
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another另一个 piece of data数据, putting it together一起,
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和另一组数据放在一起的力量,
02:08
and showing展示 the result结果.
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结果是显而易见的。
02:10
Let's look at some data数据 from the U.K. now.
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现在让我们看看英国的一些数据。
02:12
This is U.K. government政府 data数据, a completely全然 independent独立 site现场,
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这是英国政府的数据, 完全独立的网站,
02:14
Where Does My Money Go.
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我的钱花到哪里去了,
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It allows允许 anybody任何人 to go there and burrow地洞 down.
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这个网站让任何人在网站上利用其数据。
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You can burrow地洞 down by a particular特定 type类型 of spending开支,
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你可以根据特别的消费种类来查找
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or you can go through通过 all the different不同 regions地区 and compare比较 them.
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也可以找出不同的地区的数据来做比较。
02:24
So, that's happening事件 in the U.K. with U.K. government政府 data数据.
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英国人正在用英国政府提供的数据资料做这些事情。
02:27
Yes, certainly当然 you can do it over here.
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是的, 在这里你也可以做。
02:29
Here's这里的 a site现场 which哪一个 allows允许 you to look at recovery复苏 spending开支
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在加利福尼亚,这个网站让你查找复苏经费的使用情况
02:32
in California加州.
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Take an arbitrary随意 example, Long Beach海滩, California加州,
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随便举例,加利福尼亚长滩,
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you can go and have a look at what recovery复苏 money they've他们已经 been spending开支
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你可以看见人们使用政府发放的复苏经费都花
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on different不同 things such这样 as energy能源.
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在不同事情的支出,例如在能源上支出。
02:42
In fact事实, this is the graph图形 of the number of data数据 sets
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事实上, 这是几组数据的图表,
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in the repositories资料库 of data数据.govGOV,
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他们存放在data.gov上,
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and data数据.govGOV.uk联合王国.
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和data.gov.uk网上。
02:49
And I'm delighted欣喜的 to see a great competition竞争
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我真高兴看见这种积极的竞争,
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between之间 the U.K. in blue蓝色, and the U.S. in red.
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英国显示的是蓝色, 美国是红色。
02:53
How can you use this stuff东东?
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你怎么用这些东西呢?
02:55
Well, for example, if you have lots of data数据 about places地方
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举个例子吧, 你有一个地区的大量数据,
02:58
you can take, from a postcode邮编 --
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你可以从一个邮政编码,
03:00
which哪一个 is like a zip压缩 plus four --
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就是美国邮政编码ZIP + 4,
03:02
for a specific具体 group of houses房屋, you can make paper,
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特定群体的住房,你可以用图像合成,
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print打印 off a paper which哪一个 has got very, very
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打印的图像会有特别具体
03:07
specific具体 things about the bus总线 stops停止,
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的信息, 比如公交车站,
03:09
the things specifically特别 near you.
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包括那些离你很近的事情。
03:11
On a larger scale规模, this is a mash-up混搭
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从大处方面说, 这是一个
03:14
of the data数据 which哪一个 was released发布 about the Afghan阿富汗 elections选举.
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阿富汗选举数据与地图的合成。
03:17
It allows允许 you to set your own拥有 criteria标准
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为了你想看到的东西,
03:19
for what sort分类 of things you want to look at.
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它允许你设置你自己的标准。
03:21
The red circles are polling轮询 stations,
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这些红圈是投票点,
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selected by your criteria标准.
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是根据你的标准选择的。
03:25
And then you can select选择 also other things on the map地图
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你也可以选择地图上的其他内容,
03:27
to see what other factors因素, like the threat威胁 level水平.
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你可以看见其他数据,比如威胁程度。
03:29
So, that was government政府 data数据.
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所以,这也是政府的数据。
03:32
I also talked about community-generated社区生成 data数据 -- in fact事实 I edited编辑 some.
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我也谈过社区制作的, 事实上我也参与此,
03:34
This is the wiki维基 map地图, this is the Open打开 Street Map地图.
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这是wiki地图, 这是公开的街道地图。
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"Terrace阳台 Theater剧院" I actually其实 put
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我把梯形剧场放到
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on the map地图 because it wasn't on the map地图 before TEDTED last year.
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地图上去的, 因为去年TED召开的时候地图上还没有它。
03:41
I was not the only person editing编辑 the open打开 street map地图.
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我不是唯一编辑公开地图的人。
03:44
Each flash on this visualization可视化 --
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在ITO World(itoworld.com)可视化地图里,每个亮点
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put together一起 by ITOITO World世界 --
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都是
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shows节目 an edit编辑 in 2009
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大家在2009年编辑的,
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made制作 to the Open打开 Street Map地图.
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这形成了公开街道地图。
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Let's now spin the world世界 during the same相同 year.
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让我们绕着整个世界看一下这一年所发生的。
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Every一切 flash is an edit编辑. Somebody somewhere某处
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每个亮点都是一次编辑的记录。 有人在某些地方
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looking at the Open打开 Street Map地图, and realizing实现 it could be better.
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看着公开街道地图, 发现它可以改进得更好。
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You can see Europe欧洲 is ablaze炽盛 with updates更新.
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你看见欧洲的更新非常频繁。
04:03
Some places地方, perhaps也许 not as much as they should be.
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有些地方反而更新程度没有跟上。
04:06
Here focusing调焦 in on Haiti海地.
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这里聚焦的是海地。
04:08
The map地图 of Port港口 au-Prince太子港 at the end结束
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太子港地图在2009年底
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of 2009 was not all it could be,
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还没怎么编辑,
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not as good as the map地图 of California加州.
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不如加利福尼亚的地图编辑得好。
04:14
Fortunately幸好, just after the earthquake地震,
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幸运的是, 地震发生后不久,
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GeoEye地球之眼, a commercial广告 company公司,
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GeoEye, 一个商业公司
04:19
released发布 satellite卫星 imagery意象
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发布了卫星图象
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with a license执照, which哪一个 allowed允许
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并有一个许可证允许
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the open-source开源 community社区 to use it.
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公开网络社区使用这些图象。
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This is January一月, in time lapse失误,
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随着1月份时间的推移,
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of people editing编辑 ... that's the earthquake地震.
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人们参与了编辑, 然后地震发生了。
04:29
After the earthquake地震, immediately立即,
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地震发生后不久,
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people all over the world世界, mappers映射器
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全世界的人们, 地图制作者们
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who wanted to help, and could,
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都想要提供帮助,可以
04:35
looked看着 at that imagery意象, built内置 the map地图, quickly很快 building建造 it up.
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看着这些图象, 迅速地建立地图。
04:38
We're focusing调焦 now on Port-au-Prince太子港.
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我们现在看到的是太子港。
04:39
The light blue蓝色 is refugee难民 camps营地 these volunteers志愿者 had spotted from the [satellite卫星 images图片].
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蓝色的是那些自愿者从空中发现的难民营。
04:43
So, now we have, immediately立即, a real-time即时的 map地图
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所以,现在我们立即有实时公开地图
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showing展示 where there are refugee难民 camps营地 --
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显示难民营在什么地方,
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rapidly急速 became成为 the best最好 map地图
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如果你在太子港从事援助工作
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to use if you're doing relief浮雕 work in Port-au-Prince太子港.
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那这就是最好的地图。
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Witness见证 the fact事实 that it's here on this GarminGarmin公司 device设备
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事实证明,这地图也支持救援队使用高明卫星地图
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being存在 used by rescue拯救 team球队 in Haiti海地.
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定位。
04:56
There's the map地图 showing展示,
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海地, 左边的这张地图显示
04:59
on the left-hand左手 side,
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一个
05:01
that hospital醫院 -- actually其实 that's a hospital醫院 ship.
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医院,事实上是一个建在船上的医院。
05:03
This is a real-time即时的 map地图 that shows节目 blocked受阻 roads道路,
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这实时的地图显示阻塞的道路,
05:06
damaged破损 buildings房屋, refugee难民 camps营地 --
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背毁的建筑, 难民营,
05:08
it shows节目 things that are needed需要 [for rescue拯救 and relief浮雕 work].
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它表明哪里需要东西。
05:10
So, if you've been involved参与 in that at all,
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所以, 如果你已经参与了公开数据,
05:12
I just wanted to say: Whatever随你 you've been doing,
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我只想说,不管你已经做了什么,
05:14
whether是否 you've just been chanting诵经, "Raw生的 data数据 now!"
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你是否刚开始原始数据图表编辑,
05:16
or you've been putting government政府 or scientific科学 data数据 online线上,
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还是将政府或者科学研究的数据放到网上,
05:19
I just wanted to take this opportunity机会 to say: Thank you very much,
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我只想借此机会说声非常感谢,
05:21
and we have only just started开始!
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而我们才刚刚开始。
05:24
(Applause掌声)
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(谢谢)
Translated by Jenny Yang
Reviewed by Angelia King

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tim Berners-Lee - Inventor
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. He leads the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), overseeing the Web's standards and development.

Why you should listen

In the 1980s, scientists at CERN were asking themselves how massive, complex, collaborative projects -- like the fledgling LHC -- could be orchestrated and tracked. Tim Berners-Lee, then a contractor, answered by inventing the World Wide Web. This global system of hypertext documents, linked through the Internet, brought about a massive cultural shift ushered in by the new tech and content it made possible: AOL, eBay, Wikipedia, TED.com...

Berners-Lee is now director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which maintains standards for the Web and continues to refine its design. Recently he has envisioned a "Semantic Web" -- an evolved version of the same system that recognizes the meaning of the information it carries. He's the 3Com Founders Professor of Engineering in the School of Engineering with a joint appointment in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence (CSAIL) at the MIT, where he also heads the Decentralized Information Group (DIG). He is also a Professor in the Electronics and Computer Science Department at the University of Southampton, UK.

More profile about the speaker
Tim Berners-Lee | Speaker | TED.com