TEDMED 2016
Caitlin Doughty: A burial practice that nourishes the planet
凱特琳·道提: 滋養地球的埋葬方式
Filmed:
Readability: 4.6
1,259,994 views
或遲或早，我們必須決定要如何處置身後留下的遺體。經營葬儀社的凱特琳·道提探討預後的方式。她闡釋「重組」和「養護性埋葬」等觀念，提倡以樸實、自覺、友善環境的方式回歸地球。
Caitlin Doughty - Progressive mortician
Caitlin Doughty asks: What if we re-designed the funeral industry for an eco-friendly end of life? Full bio
Caitlin Doughty asks: What if we re-designed the funeral industry for an eco-friendly end of life? Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
When I die,
0
1388
1613
我希望死後把遺體
00:15
I would like for my body
to be laid out to be eaten by animals.
to be laid out to be eaten by animals.
1
3025
5083
留給動物果腹。
00:21
Having your body laid out to be eaten
by animals is not for everyone.
by animals is not for everyone.
2
9100
4711
並非人人都能接受
留遺體給動物果腹。
留遺體給動物果腹。
00:25
(Laughter)
3
13835
1033
（笑聲）
00:26
Maybe you have already had
the end-of-life talk with your family
the end-of-life talk with your family
4
14892
3953
也許你已經與家人談妥後事，
00:30
and decided on,
I don't know, cremation.
I don't know, cremation.
5
18869
3720
也許選擇的是火葬。
00:35
And in the interest of full disclosure,
6
23013
2566
說實話，
00:37
what I am proposing for my dead body
is not strictly legal at the moment,
is not strictly legal at the moment,
7
25603
5988
我的遺體處理計劃
目前尚未完全合法，
00:43
but it's not without precedent.
8
31615
1991
但並非首例。
00:46
We've been laying out our dead
for all of human history;
for all of human history;
9
34104
3588
這種處理屍體的方式
一向存在人類的歷史裡，
00:49
it's call exposure burial.
10
37716
2069
稱為曝葬。
00:52
In fact, it's likely happening
right now as we speak.
right now as we speak.
11
40276
4080
事實上，也許此刻某處
正在進行曝葬。
正在進行曝葬。
00:56
In the mountainous regions of Tibet,
12
44864
2231
西藏高原的人們「天葬」，
00:59
they practice "sky burial,"
13
47119
2064
01:01
a ritual where the body is left
to be consumed by vultures.
to be consumed by vultures.
14
49207
3891
把屍體留給禿鷹進食。
01:05
In Mumbai, in India,
those who follow the Parsi religion
those who follow the Parsi religion
15
53725
5226
在印度孟買，
拜火教徒將死者遺體
01:10
put their dead in structures
called "Towers of Silence."
called "Towers of Silence."
16
58975
4277
置入「寂靜之塔」。
01:15
These are interesting cultural tidbits,
17
63667
2544
這些有趣的文化花絮
01:18
but they just haven't really been
that popular in the Western world --
that popular in the Western world --
18
66235
4448
在西方世界並不風行，
01:22
they're not what you'd expect.
19
70707
1700
因為不符合大眾的預期。
01:25
In America, our death traditions
have come to be chemical embalming,
have come to be chemical embalming,
20
73158
5030
傳統上，美國人
先化學防腐處理遺體，
先化學防腐處理遺體，
01:30
followed by burial at your local cemetery,
21
78212
3381
然後下葬在墓園，
01:33
or, more recently, cremation.
22
81617
2320
或者近期火化較為流行。
01:37
I myself, am a recent vegetarian,
23
85023
3263
我最近開始茹素，
01:40
which means I spent the first
30 years or so of my life
30 years or so of my life
24
88310
3619
換言之，我曾大啖肉食
約三十年之久，
約三十年之久，
01:43
frantically inhaling animals --
25
91953
2207
不放過任何觸手可及的肉食。
01:46
as many as I could get my hands on.
26
94184
1978
01:48
Why, when I die, should they not
have their turn with me?
have their turn with me?
27
96886
4580
難道我死後不應該輪到動物吃我嗎？
01:53
(Laughter)
28
101490
1767
（笑聲）
01:55
Am I not an animal?
29
103281
1880
我不也是動物嗎？
01:57
Biologically speaking,
are we not all, in this room, animals?
are we not all, in this room, animals?
30
105185
4764
從生物的角度來講，
在座每一位不都是動物嗎？
02:03
Accepting the fact that we are animals
31
111129
2652
接受我們是動物這個事實
02:05
has some potentially
terrifying consequences.
terrifying consequences.
32
113805
3131
可能有可怕的後果。
02:09
It means accepting
that we are doomed to decay and die,
that we are doomed to decay and die,
33
117400
4028
意味著我們得接受
必然會衰老和死亡，
必然會衰老和死亡，
02:13
just like any other creature on earth.
34
121452
3242
如同地球上其他所有的生物一般。
02:18
For the last nine years,
I've worked in the funeral industry,
I've worked in the funeral industry,
35
126256
3614
過去九年我從事殯葬行業，
02:21
first as a crematory operator,
36
129894
2131
一開始是火化操作員，
02:24
then as a mortician
37
132049
1478
後來承攬喪事，
02:25
and most recently, as the owner
of my own funeral home.
of my own funeral home.
38
133551
3112
最近我開了自己的葬儀社。
02:29
And I have some good news:
39
137342
1732
我有好個消息：
02:31
if you're looking to avoid the whole
"doomed to decay and die" thing:
"doomed to decay and die" thing:
40
139098
5572
如果你想避開命定的衰老和死亡，
02:36
you will have all the help
in the world in that avoidance
in the world in that avoidance
41
144694
4216
世上既有的殯葬業
會幫你避開這結局。
會幫你避開這結局。
02:40
from the funeral industry.
42
148934
1777
02:43
It's a multi-billion-dollar industry,
43
151820
2165
這個數十億美元產業，
02:46
and its economic model
is based on the principle
is based on the principle
44
154009
2984
經濟模式建立在
02:49
of protection, sanitation
and beautification of the corpse.
and beautification of the corpse.
45
157017
5479
保護、衛生與美化遺體的準則上。
02:55
Whether they mean to or not,
46
163610
2172
有意或無意，
02:57
the funeral industry promotes
this idea of human exceptionalism.
this idea of human exceptionalism.
47
165806
4493
殯葬業者鼓吹人類是特例，
03:02
It doesn't matter what it takes,
48
170816
1642
不計代價、不管花多少錢、
03:04
how much it costs,
49
172482
1292
03:05
how bad it is for the environment,
50
173798
1958
不管危害環境的程度，
03:07
we're going to do it
because humans are worth it!
because humans are worth it!
51
175780
3273
我們硬要如此，因為人類享有特權！
03:11
It ignores the fact
52
179947
1588
如此做忽略了
03:13
that death can be an emotionally messy
and complex affair,
and complex affair,
53
181559
5087
死亡有著情緒混亂和複雜的本質，
03:18
and that there is beauty in decay --
54
186670
2544
也忽略了腐朽有著腐朽的美，
03:21
beauty in the natural return
to the earth from whence we came.
to the earth from whence we came.
55
189238
4413
美在它自然回歸大地，
我們的起源地。
我們的起源地。
03:27
Now, I don't want you to get me wrong --
56
195180
1916
別誤會我的意思，
03:29
I absolutely understand
the importance of ritual,
the importance of ritual,
57
197120
2987
我完全理解儀式的重要性，
03:32
especially when it comes
to the people that we love.
to the people that we love.
58
200131
3101
尤其是為了心愛之人所舉行的儀式。
03:35
But we have to be able
to create and practice this ritual
to create and practice this ritual
59
203256
3535
但前提是我們必須在
不傷害環境的基礎上
不傷害環境的基礎上
03:38
without harming the environment,
60
206815
1781
創造並施行這類儀式。
03:40
which is why we need new options.
61
208620
2939
這是為何我們需要新的喪葬選項。
03:44
So let's return to the idea of protection,
sanitation and beautification.
sanitation and beautification.
62
212415
5040
讓我們回到保護、
衛生與美化的概念上。
衛生與美化的概念上。
03:49
We'll start with a dead body.
63
217479
1776
從遺體談起。
03:51
The funeral industry
will protect your dead body
will protect your dead body
64
219852
3019
殯葬業處理遺體的現行方式是
03:54
by offering to sell your family a casket
made of hardwood or metal
made of hardwood or metal
65
222895
4841
向家屬兜售用硬木或金屬製成，
03:59
with a rubber sealant.
66
227760
1879
用橡膠密封的棺材。
04:02
At the cemetery, on the day of burial,
that casket will be lowered
that casket will be lowered
67
230263
3571
下葬那天，棺材會被垂降
置入墓園裡的大混凝土
或金屬墓室裡。
或金屬墓室裡。
04:05
into a large concrete or metal vault.
68
233858
3137
04:09
We're wasting all of these resources --
concretes, metal, hardwoods --
concretes, metal, hardwoods --
69
237753
3924
我們浪費混凝土、
金屬、硬木等資源，
金屬、硬木等資源，
04:13
hiding them in vast
underground fortresses.
underground fortresses.
70
241701
3765
把它們埋藏到寬闊的地下堡壘裡。
04:18
When you choose burial at the cemetery,
71
246300
2548
葬在墓園裡的遺體
04:20
your dead body is not coming anywhere
near the dirt that surrounds it.
near the dirt that surrounds it.
72
248872
5293
根本碰不到任何周遭的泥土，
04:26
Food for worms
73
254750
1554
不會成為蟲子的食物。
04:28
you are not.
74
256328
1177
04:30
Next, the industry will sanitize
your body through embalming:
your body through embalming:
75
258657
4819
其次，殯葬業防腐處理遺體，
04:35
the chemical preservation of the dead.
76
263500
2201
用化學藥物保存。
04:38
This procedure drains your blood
77
266306
1934
過程是排乾全身的血液，
04:40
and replaces it with a toxic,
cancer-causing formaldehyde.
cancer-causing formaldehyde.
78
268264
4302
改為注入有毒、致癌的甲醛。
04:45
They say they do this
for the public health
for the public health
79
273649
2343
他們的說法是為了公眾的健康著想，
04:48
because the dead body can be dangerous,
80
276016
2850
因為死屍相當危險；
04:50
but the doctors in this room will tell you
81
278890
2499
但是在這現場的醫生會說，
04:53
that that claim would only apply
82
281413
2754
只在那人死於傳染病，
04:56
if the person had died of some wildly
infectious disease, like Ebola.
infectious disease, like Ebola.
83
284191
4916
例如伊波拉感染之類的情形才危險。
05:02
Even human decomposition,
which, let's be honest,
which, let's be honest,
84
290021
3239
老實說，
即使發臭、不愉快的腐爛屍體
05:05
is a little stinky and unpleasant,
85
293284
2990
05:08
is perfectly safe.
86
296298
1743
仍絕對安全。
05:10
The bacteria that causes disease
is not the same bacteria
is not the same bacteria
87
298795
4508
致病的細菌
和分解腐屍的細菌全然不同。
05:15
that causes decomposition.
88
303327
1974
05:18
Finally, the industry
will beautify the corpse.
will beautify the corpse.
89
306656
3940
最後，殯葬業會美化屍體。
05:23
They'll tell you that the natural
dead body of your mother or father
dead body of your mother or father
90
311181
3889
他們說讓令尊或令堂的遺體
05:27
is not good enough as it is.
91
315094
2084
留在的自然狀態不好，
05:29
They'll put it in makeup.
92
317665
1728
而會用化妝和衣裝來美化，
05:31
They'll put it in a suit.
93
319417
1791
會注射染料
05:33
They'll inject dyes so the person
looks a little more alive --
looks a little more alive --
94
321232
3939
好讓死者看起來像是活著，
05:37
just resting.
95
325195
1286
只是在休息而已。
05:39
Embalming is a cheat code,
96
327672
2266
防腐是造成錯覺的欺騙，
05:41
providing the illusion that death
and then decay are not the natural end
and then decay are not the natural end
97
329962
4397
它遮掩地球上所有生命的自然終結
乃是死亡和腐朽。
05:46
for all organic life on this planet.
98
334383
2885
05:50
Now, if this system of beautification,
sanitation, protection
sanitation, protection
99
338609
5018
如果這樣的美化、衛生和保護方式
05:55
doesn't appeal to you,
100
343651
2193
沒打動你，
05:57
you are not alone.
101
345868
1399
你並不孤單。
05:59
There is a whole wave of people --
102
347830
1976
有一大群人，
06:01
funeral directors, designers,
environmentalists --
environmentalists --
103
349830
2964
包括喪葬執行者、
設計者、環保主義者，
設計者、環保主義者，
06:04
trying to come up with a more
eco-friendly way of death.
eco-friendly way of death.
104
352818
3811
正嘗試找出友善
生態環境的喪葬方式。
生態環境的喪葬方式。
06:09
For these people, death is not necessarily
105
357381
2482
這些人不認為死亡就得用化妝
06:11
a pristine, makeup,
powder-blue tuxedo kind of affair.
powder-blue tuxedo kind of affair.
106
359887
4192
和淺藍全新的燕尾服等等來妝點。
06:16
There's no question
107
364746
1398
毫無疑問
06:18
that our current methods of death
are not particularly sustainable,
are not particularly sustainable,
108
366168
3927
現行處理死亡的方式並不永續，
06:22
what with the waste of resources
and our reliance on chemicals.
and our reliance on chemicals.
109
370119
3636
尤其很浪費資源和依賴化學用品。
06:26
Even cremation,
110
374498
1342
即使火葬
06:27
which is usually considered
the environmentally friendly option,
the environmentally friendly option,
111
375864
3718
通常被認為是種環保的選擇，
06:31
uses, per cremation,
112
379606
2238
每次火葬消耗掉的天然氣
06:33
the natural gas equivalent
of a 500-mile car trip.
of a 500-mile car trip.
113
381868
4900
可以讓汽車行駛五百英里遠。
06:39
So where do we go from here?
114
387928
2554
接下來怎麼做呢？
06:43
Last summer, I was in the mountains
of North Carolina,
of North Carolina,
115
391368
3352
上個夏天我在北卡羅萊納州的山上，
06:46
hauling buckets of wood chips
in the summer sun.
in the summer sun.
116
394744
3347
頂著烈日搬運一桶桶的碎木，
06:50
I was at Western Carolina University
at their "Body Farm,"
at their "Body Farm,"
117
398741
4189
西卡羅萊納州立大學的
「人體農場」，
「人體農場」，
06:54
more accurately called
a "human decomposition facility."
a "human decomposition facility."
118
402954
3832
更精準的名稱是「人體分解設施」。
06:59
Bodies donated to science
are brought here,
are brought here,
119
407794
2245
捐給科學的大體
被運到這裡腐爛分解，
被運到這裡腐爛分解，
07:02
and their decay is studied
to benefit the future of forensics.
to benefit the future of forensics.
120
410063
4024
助益於將來的法醫學研究。
07:06
On this particular day,
121
414820
1288
那一天
07:08
there were 12 bodies laid out
in various stages of decomposition.
in various stages of decomposition.
122
416132
4571
有十二具腐爛程度不一的大體，
07:12
Some were skeletonized,
123
420727
2281
有的只剩骨骼，
07:15
one was wearing purple pajamas,
124
423032
2372
有一具穿著紫色的睡衣，
07:17
one still had blonde facial hair visible.
125
425428
2736
有一具還看得見臉上的金色毛髮。
07:21
The forensic aspect is really fascinating,
126
429210
2909
法醫學那方面很吸引人，
07:24
but not actually why I was there.
127
432143
2396
但不是我去那裡參與的理由，
07:26
I was there because a colleague of mine
named Katrina Spade
named Katrina Spade
128
434563
3262
我因同事卡翠娜·史培德而去那裡，
07:29
is attempting to create a system,
not of cremating the dead,
not of cremating the dead,
129
437849
4340
她正在創建一個不火化，
而是用遺體做堆肥的殯葬系統。
07:34
but composting the dead.
130
442213
1950
07:36
She calls the system "Recomposition,"
131
444925
2518
她取的名字是「重組」，
07:39
and we've been doing it with cattle
and other livestock for years.
and other livestock for years.
132
447467
3672
已經在牛和其他牲口上
試驗了好幾年。
試驗了好幾年。
07:43
She imagines a facility
133
451645
1524
她擘畫的設施，
07:45
where the family could come
and lay their dead loved one
and lay their dead loved one
134
453193
2626
能讓遺屬把死去的親人
07:47
in a nutrient-rich mixture that would,
in four-to-six weeks,
in four-to-six weeks,
135
455843
4431
安置在一個富含養分的混合物裡，
四到六週後，
07:52
reduce the body -- bones
and all -- to soil.
and all -- to soil.
136
460298
3604
遺體連同骨頭全都分解成土壤。
07:56
In those four-to-six weeks,
137
464802
1445
在四到六週裡，
07:58
your molecules become other molecules;
138
466271
2458
遺體原先的分子轉化成其他的分子，
08:00
you literally transform.
139
468753
1738
真正是字面上的轉化。
08:03
How would this fit in
with the very recent desire
with the very recent desire
140
471706
3053
這符合和近來很多人
08:06
a lot of people seem to have
141
474783
1602
08:08
to be buried under a tree,
142
476409
1505
想要死後樹葬
08:09
or to become a tree when they die?
143
477938
2061
或幻化為樹的希望嗎？
08:12
In a traditional cremation,
the ashes that are left over --
the ashes that are left over --
144
480710
3530
傳統火化後的骨灰，
08:16
inorganic bone fragments --
145
484264
1986
無機的骨灰，
08:18
form a thick, chalky layer
146
486274
2251
形成厚厚一層白堊層，
08:20
that, unless distributed
in the soil just right,
in the soil just right,
147
488549
3223
如果沒被妥善埋入土裡，
08:23
can actually hurt or kill the tree.
148
491796
3177
其實會傷害樹或使樹枯死。
08:27
But if you're recomposed,
if you actually become the soil,
if you actually become the soil,
149
495552
3305
但是如果你的遺體重組
變成真的土壤，
08:30
you can nourish the tree,
150
498881
1534
能滋養樹木，
08:32
and become the post-mortem contributor
you've always wanted to be --
you've always wanted to be --
151
500439
3689
達到你死後貢獻的目標，
08:36
that you deserve to be.
152
504152
1793
貨真價實達到目標。
08:38
So that's one option
for the future of cremation.
for the future of cremation.
153
506818
3343
那是火葬之外的另一種選項。
08:42
But what about the future of cemeteries?
154
510185
2385
未來的墓園是什麼樣子？
08:45
There are a lot of people who think
we shouldn't even have cemeteries anymore
we shouldn't even have cemeteries anymore
155
513112
4065
很多人認為未來不應該再有墓園，
08:49
because we're running out of land.
156
517201
2039
因為土地已快被我們耗盡了。
08:51
But what if we reframed it,
157
519977
2213
但如果我們重新定義，
08:54
and the corpse wasn't the land's enemy,
158
522214
2605
遺體不再與土地為敵，
08:56
but its potential savior?
159
524843
1959
反而具有拯救土地的潛力呢？
08:59
I'm talking about conservation burial,
160
527805
2553
我說的是養護性埋葬，
09:02
where large swaths of land
are purchased by a land trust.
are purchased by a land trust.
161
530382
4059
由土地信託購下大片的土地。
09:07
The beauty of this is that once you plant
a few dead bodies in that land,
a few dead bodies in that land,
162
535274
4830
妙在一旦那塊地裡埋下了幾具遺體，
09:12
it can't be touched,
it can't be developed on --
it can't be developed on --
163
540128
3018
就不允許或被開發或被更動，
09:15
hence the term, "conservation burial."
164
543170
2798
因此稱為「養護性埋葬」。
09:17
It's the equivalent of chaining yourself
to a tree post-mortem --
to a tree post-mortem --
165
545992
3882
相當於你讓遺體和一棵樹綁到一起：
09:21
"Hell no, I won't go!
166
549898
2464
「不，我不離開。」
09:24
No, really -- I can't.
I'm decomposing under here."
I'm decomposing under here."
167
552386
3045
「真的，我離不開。
我正在樹下分解。」
我正在樹下分解。」
09:27
(Laughter)
168
555455
1095
（笑聲）
09:28
Any money that the family
gives to the cemetery
gives to the cemetery
169
556574
2321
家屬給墓地的每一分錢
09:30
would go back into protecting
and managing the land.
and managing the land.
170
558919
3509
都會被用來保護和管理這塊土地。
09:35
There are no headstones
and no graves in the typical sense.
and no graves in the typical sense.
171
563376
4399
這裡不會有傳統形式的墳墓或墓碑。
09:39
The graves are scattered
about the property
about the property
172
567799
2147
墳墓被適當地散佈在
09:41
under elegant mounds,
173
569970
1560
優雅的小丘下，
09:43
marked only by a rock
or a small metal disk,
or a small metal disk,
174
571554
3681
只用小小的石頭或金屬片標記著，
09:47
or sometimes only locatable by GPS.
175
575259
2898
或是僅用 GPS 定位。
09:50
There's no embalming,
176
578743
1674
遺體不經防腐處理，
09:52
no heavy, metal caskets.
177
580441
2199
不用厚重的金屬棺槨。
09:55
My funeral home sells a few caskets
178
583300
2205
我的葬儀社賣一些
09:57
made out of things like
woven willow and bamboo,
woven willow and bamboo,
179
585529
3752
楊柳和竹子編織成的棺柩，
10:01
but honestly, most of our families
just choose a simple shroud.
just choose a simple shroud.
180
589305
3723
但老實說，
大多數家庭只選用簡單的裹屍布。
10:05
There are none of the big vaults
that most cemeteries require
that most cemeteries require
181
593979
3840
沒有大型墓穴，
不像那些墓園造大墓穴
只為了容易造景。
只為了容易造景。
10:09
just because it makes it easier
for them to landscape.
for them to landscape.
182
597843
3319
10:14
Families can come here;
they can luxuriate in nature;
they can luxuriate in nature;
183
602101
3532
家人能來這裡享受大自然；
10:17
they can even plant a tree or a shrub,
184
605657
2677
甚至能種棵樹或灌木，
10:20
though only native plants
to the area are allowed.
to the area are allowed.
185
608358
3002
僅限當地的原生種植栽。
10:24
The dead then blend seamlessly
in with the landscape.
in with the landscape.
186
612054
3739
這樣死者就完全融入景觀裡。
10:28
There's hope in conservation cemeteries.
187
616259
3151
養護性墓地的前景看好。
10:32
They offer dedicated green space
in both urban and rural areas.
in both urban and rural areas.
188
620091
4822
它們為城市和鄉間提供專屬綠地，
10:37
They offer a chance to reintroduce
native plants and animals to a region.
native plants and animals to a region.
189
625747
4362
提供再度引入當地動植物的機會，
10:42
They offer public trails,
190
630922
1973
提供公共小徑、
10:44
places for spiritual practice,
191
632919
2048
靈修場所，
10:46
places for classes and events --
192
634991
3115
提供可上課和聚會的場地，
10:50
places where nature and mourning meet.
193
638130
3152
提供大自然和哀思互相融合的地方。
10:54
Most importantly,
they offer us, once again,
they offer us, once again,
194
642451
3396
最重要的是再次給了我們
10:57
a chance to just decompose
in a hole in the ground.
in a hole in the ground.
195
645871
5127
在地底下腐爛分解的機會。
11:03
The soil,
196
651966
1389
讓我重申，
11:05
let me tell you,
197
653379
1668
土壤思念我們。
11:07
has missed us.
198
655071
1529
11:09
I think for a lot of people,
199
657155
2032
我認為許多人
11:11
they're starting to get the sense
200
659211
1597
開始覺得當前的殯葬
11:12
that our current funeral industry
isn't really working for them.
isn't really working for them.
201
660832
4309
並不適合他們。
11:18
For many of us,
202
666298
1190
被消毒和美化
11:19
being sanitized and beautified
just doesn't reflect us.
just doesn't reflect us.
203
667512
4411
並不能反映我們當中的許多人，
11:23
It doesn't reflect
what we stood for during our lives.
what we stood for during our lives.
204
671947
3229
不真實反映我們代表
和擁護的生命價值。
和擁護的生命價值。
11:28
Will changing the way we bury our dead
solve climate change?
solve climate change?
205
676014
3919
改變我們下葬的方式
能解決氣候變遷嗎？
能解決氣候變遷嗎？
11:32
No.
206
680449
1150
不能，
11:34
But it will make bold moves
207
682052
2025
但它將會是
我們自詡為地球公民的魄力行動。
11:36
in how we see ourselves
as citizens of this planet.
as citizens of this planet.
208
684101
3530
11:40
If we can die in a way
that is more humble and self-aware,
that is more humble and self-aware,
209
688654
4608
如果我們以更簡約、
更自覺的方式下葬，
更自覺的方式下葬，
相信我們有機會解決氣候變遷問題。
11:45
I believe that we stand a chance.
210
693286
2500
11:48
Thank you.
211
696232
1244
謝謝。
11:49
(Applause)
212
697500
3241
（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Caitlin Doughty - Progressive morticianCaitlin Doughty asks: What if we re-designed the funeral industry for an eco-friendly end of life?
Why you should listen
Caitlin Doughty is the founder of The Order of the Good Death, a group of funeral industry professionals, academics and artists exploring ways to prepare a death-phobic culture for their inevitable mortality.
With a proclivity for the macabre from an early age, Doughty began her career in the funeral industry as a crematory operator. Currently a licensed funeral director and eco-friendly mortician in Los Angeles, Doughty owns Undertaking LA, a nonprofit funeral home that empowers families to care for their dead. Her first book Smoke Gets In Your Eyes: And Other Lessons from the Crematory is a New York Times bestseller, and her next book From Here to Eternity will be released in fall 2017. Her video web-series, "Ask a Mortician," has been featured on NPR, BBC, Forbes and more.
Caitlin Doughty | Speaker | TED.com