Mariano Sigman: Your words may predict your future mental health
ماريانو سيغمان: قد تتوقع كلماتك صحتك النفسية في المستقبل
In his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain. Full bio
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بمعرفة ما كان يرتديه الإغريق،
to know how the ancient Greeks dressed,
aspects of human thought --
جوانب الفكر الإنساني --
والتي شكلت ثقافتنا
that have shaped our culture
the structural columns of human thought.
الأعمدة الهيكلية للفكر الإنساني.
opinions about this.
آراء مختلفة حول هذا الموضوع.
philosophical debate.
even amenable to science?
how the ancient Greek cities looked
إعادة بناء المدن اليونانية القديمة
are the archaeological records,
بشكل من أشكال التحليل النفسي
books of human culture,
with a very wild and radical hypothesis:
بفرضية جامحة وجذرية جدا:
we would call schizophrenics.
ما نسميهم اليوم بمرضى الفصام.
humans described in these books
البشر والذي تم وصفهم في هذه الكتب
and in different places of the world,
وفي أماكن مختلفة من العالم،
as coming from the Gods,
that they were the creators,
اكتسبوا قدرة التأمل الذاتي:
about their own thoughts.
التي ننظر من خلالها اليوم،
of our own existence --
and very specific examples.
الأمثلة والمحددة جدا.
history only about 3,000 years ago
فقط منذ حوالي 3000 سنة
and objective manner.
to go about this is quite obvious.
بذلك واضحة تماما.
and then he wrote,
وقام بكتابة،
a fully introspective consciousness."
لدي وعي الاستقراء التام ".
what is the essence of the problem.
of a concept that's never said.
مفهوم لم يقم أحد بذكره على الإطلاق.
does not appear a single time
is to build the space of words.
وهو بناء فضاء من الكلمات.
that contains all words
between any two of them
فيها المسافة بين أي كلمتين،
closely related they are.
to be very close together,
أن تكون قريبة جدا من بعضها،
to be very far away.
أن تكونا بعيدتين جدا.
for any two words within the space.
لأي كلمتين داخل فضاء الكلمات.
نتمكن من خلالها بناء فضاء الكلمات.
that we can construct the space of words.
that when two words are related,
وهو عند ارتباط كلمتين،
just by pure chance.
and high-dimensional space,
of how well this works,
we analyze this for some familiar words.
بالتحليل لإيجاد بعض الكلمات المألوفة.
into semantic neighborhoods.
هياكل دلالية.
the scientific terms and so on.
والمصطلحات العلمية وإلى آخره.
that we organize concepts in a hierarchy.
بتنظيم المفاهيم على شكل سلاسل هرمية.
break down into two subcategories
تتفرع في اثنين من الفئات الفرعية
at this for a while,
a bit like doing poetry.
is like walking in the mind.
what are our intuitions,
in the neighborhood of introspection.
في الهيكل الدلالي التابع لمفهوم التأمل.
"reason," "emotion,"
"المنطق"، "المشاعر،"
"candle," "banana,"
"شمعة"، "الموز،"
of introspection,
والمتعلقة بأي مفهوم
and somehow vague,
والتفسير من قبل العلوم الكمية.
of words as a trajectory
من الكلمات على هيئة مسار
spends significant time
of introspection.
حول مفهوم التأمل الذاتي.
the history of introspection
available written record.
السجلات المكتوب والمتاحة عنه.
how close it is to introspection,
كل كلمة من مفهوم التأمل الذاتي،
as time goes on and on,
and closer and closer
in the ancient Greek tradition.
في التقاليد اليونانية القديمة.
in the Homeric tradition,
كتب التقليد الإغريقي هوميروس،
getting closer to introspection.
الكتب تقترب من مفهوم التأمل الذاتي.
to an almost five-fold increase
ما يقارب الخمسة أضعاف
and closer and closer
in a different, independent tradition.
في التقاليد المختلفة والمستقلة.
on the Judeo-Christian tradition,
على التقاليد اليهودية المسيحية،
for the oldest books in the Old Testament,
لأقدم الكتب في العهد القديم،
had been recognized by scholars,
تم الاعتراف به من قبل العلماء،
the father of modern psychology.
هو منشأ علم النفس الحديث.
of being quantitative,
بأجزاء من الثانية--
important conclusions
one of the beauties of science,
can be translated
of different domains.
كبيرة من المجالات المختلفة.
about the past of human consciousness,
عن ماضي الوعي الإنساني،
we can pose to ourselves
والذي يمكن أن نسأله لأنفسنا
about the future of our own consciousness.
استنتاج مستقبل مفهوم الوعي الخاص بنا.
of where our minds will be in a few days,
عقولنا في غضون الأيام القليلة المقبلة،
are now wearing sensors
منا الآن يرتدي أجهزة الاستشعار
help us prevent diseases,
and analyzing the words we speak,
وتحليل الكلمات التي نقولها،
أو التأليف،
something may go wrong with our minds.
ما إذا كان شيء يسوء في عقولنا.
the recorded speech of 34 young people
مسجل من قبل 34 من الشباب
of developing schizophrenia.
الإصابة بانفصام الشخصية.
we measured speech at day one,
أننا قمنا بقياس الحديث في اليوم الأول،
of the speech could predict,
لخصائص الحديث توقع،
information in semantics
في دلالات الألفاظ
organization of the mind.
of schizophrenics and a control group,
الاختبار "مرضى الفصام" ومجموعة المراقبة،
for the ancient texts,
onset of psychosis.
was not so much what they were saying,
هو ليس حرفية الحديث،
neighborhoods the words were,
الكلمات في الهياكل الدلالية.
تنقل الكلمات
to the other one.
of speech within one semantic topic,
في الموضوع الدلالي المحدد،
that for this group of 34 people,
والمكونة من 34 شابا،
coherence could predict,
أساس التماسك الدلالي،
احتمال الاصابة بالذهان.
that could not be achieved --
existing clinical measures.
الأخرى الموجودة حالياً.
while I was working on this,
في حين كنت أعمل على الخوارزمية،
التي كتبها "بولو"
back in Buenos Aires,
he was living in New York.
because nothing was said explicitly --
لأنه لم يقل شيئا واضحاً
that something was going wrong.
and I called Polo,
واتصلت ببولو،
through words, his feelings,
effective way to help.
ولكنها فعالة جدا للمساعدة.
close to understanding
that we all have,
a very different form of mental health,
شكلا مختلفا جدا للصحة النفسية،
and automated analysis
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mariano Sigman - NeuroscientistIn his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain.
Why you should listen
Mariano Sigman, a physicist by training, is a leading figure in the cognitive neuroscience of learning and decision making. Sigman was awarded a Human Frontiers Career Development Award, the National Prize of Physics, the Young Investigator Prize of "College de France," the IBM Scalable Data Analytics Award and is a scholar of the James S. McDonnell Foundation. In 2016 he was made a Laureate of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.
In The Secret Life of the Mind, Sigman's ambition is to explain the mind so that we can understand ourselves and others more deeply. He shows how we form ideas during our first days of life, how we give shape to our fundamental decisions, how we dream and imagine, why we feel certain emotions, how the brain transforms and how who we are changes with it. Spanning biology, physics, mathematics, psychology, anthropology, linguistics, philosophy and medicine, as well as gastronomy, magic, music, chess, literature and art, The Secret Life of the Mind revolutionizes how neuroscience serves us in our lives, revealing how the infinity of neurons inside our brains manufacture how we perceive, reason, feel, dream and communicate.
Mariano Sigman | Speaker | TED.com