Mariano Sigman: Your words may predict your future mental health
마리아노 시그만(Mariano Sigman): 말로 미래의 정신건강 상태를 예측할 수 있습니다
In his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain. Full bio
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to know how the ancient Greeks dressed,
고대 그리스인들이 어떤 옷을 입었고
aspects of human thought --
인간 사고의 가장 심오한 면인
that have shaped our culture
인간 사고의 구조적 기둥도
the structural columns of human thought.
opinions about this.
각자 다를 수 있습니다.
philosophical debate.
철학적 논쟁입니다.
even amenable to science?
상통하기는 할까요?
how the ancient Greek cities looked
재구성하는 것과
are the archaeological records,
인간 사고의 고고학적 기록이자
books of human culture,
with a very wild and radical hypothesis:
무모하고 급진적인 가설을 냈습니다.
we would call schizophrenics.
정신분열증 환자였다는 겁니다.
humans described in these books
and in different places of the world,
as coming from the Gods,
항상 행동했다는 겁니다.
that they were the creators,
내면의 소리의 주인이라는 걸
자아 성찰을 할 수 있게 됩니다.
about their own thoughts.
생각할 수 있는 능력이죠.
of our own existence --
느낌이라고 여기는 의식에 한해서는
문화적 발전이라는 겁니다.
and very specific examples.
근거한다는 겁니다.
history only about 3,000 years ago
자아 성찰이 시작됐다는 이론이
and objective manner.
검토될 수 있는가 입니다.
to go about this is quite obvious.
and then he wrote,
이렇게 적은 건 아니잖아요.
a fully introspective consciousness."
할 수 있는 의식이 있어."
what is the essence of the problem.
of a concept that's never said.
찾아내야 합니다.
does not appear a single time
우리가 분석하려는 서적에
is to build the space of words.
단어로 된 공간을 만드는 겁니다.
that contains all words
온갖 단어가 다 들어있는데
between any two of them
closely related they are.
갖는지 알려줍니다.
가까이 있어야겠지만
to be very close together,
to be very far away.
떨어져 있어야겠죠.
for any two words within the space.
해당되는 일입니다.
that we can construct the space of words.
여러 방법이 있습니다.
자문을 구하는 것입니다.
that when two words are related,
확률상으로보다 더 자주
같은 문서에
단순한 추정을 따르는 것입니다.
just by pure chance.
and high-dimensional space,
of how well this works,
조금 보여드릴게요.
we analyze this for some familiar words.
분석했을 때의 결과입니다.
into semantic neighborhoods.
보실 수 있을 겁니다.
the scientific terms and so on.
that we organize concepts in a hierarchy.
체계화한다는 것도 보여줍니다.
break down into two subcategories
나눠지는 걸 볼 수 있습니다.
at this for a while,
a bit like doing poetry.
받을 수 있을 겁니다.
is like walking in the mind.
유사하기 때문입니다.
what are our intuitions,
이웃에 속하는지와
in the neighborhood of introspection.
밝혀주는 것입니다.
"reason," "emotion,"
감성같은 단어들은
"candle," "banana,"
of introspection,
and somehow vague,
역사에 관한 질문이
of words as a trajectory
spends significant time
성찰이라는 개념에 근접하게
of introspection.
the history of introspection
available written record.
how close it is to introspection,
as time goes on and on,
이 고서들이 점점 더
and closer and closer
다가가는지를 물었습니다.
in the ancient Greek tradition.
전통에서 일어나는 일입니다.
in the Homeric tradition,
가장 오래된 고서들에서 볼 수 있듯
getting closer to introspection.
약간 증가합니다.
to an almost five-fold increase
and closer and closer
in a different, independent tradition.
해당되는지 물을 수 있다는 겁니다.
on the Judeo-Christian tradition,
공통적인 관습에 대해서도
사실상 똑같은 패턴을 얻었습니다.
for the oldest books in the Old Testament,
서적에서 약간의 증가를 볼 수 있고
볼 수 있습니다.
had been recognized by scholars,
문헌학자, 사학자들에게
인정받기 때문입니다.
the father of modern psychology.
근대 심리학의 아버지라고 생각합니다.
of being quantitative,
important conclusions
가장 중요한 결론들을
one of the beauties of science,
하나라고 볼 수 있습니다.
can be translated
of different domains.
있다는 것 말이죠.
about the past of human consciousness,
물었던 것과 같은 방식으로
we can pose to ourselves
가장 어려운 질문을 물었습니다.
about the future of our own consciousness.
무언가를 말해줄 수 있는지를요.
of where our minds will be in a few days,
몇 년 뒤에 우리의 정신 상태가
are now wearing sensors
help us prevent diseases,
and analyzing the words we speak,
메일로 보내고, 쓰는 단어들을
something may go wrong with our minds.
알려줄 수 있을지를 물을 수 있습니다.
the recorded speech of 34 young people
34명의 젊은이들의
of developing schizophrenia.
we measured speech at day one,
of the speech could predict,
정신병에 걸릴지를
information in semantics
organization of the mind.
충분하지 않았습니다.
of schizophrenics and a control group,
for the ancient texts,
onset of psychosis.
예측하기엔 부족했습니다.
was not so much what they were saying,
말의 내용이 아니라
neighborhoods the words were,
근접하느냐가 아니라
to the other one.
건너뛰느냐는 것이죠.
의미론적 일관성이라고 명명한
of speech within one semantic topic,
하나의 의미론적 주제의 지속성을
that for this group of 34 people,
의미론적 일관성에 기반한 알고리즘은
coherence could predict,
100%의 정확도로 예측할 수 있었습니다.
that could not be achieved --
existing clinical measures.
while I was working on this,
이 연구를 하는 동안
back in Buenos Aires,
뉴욕에 살고 있던 폴로가 쓴
he was living in New York.
because nothing was said explicitly --
트윗에는 뭔가가 있었습니다.
that something was going wrong.
and I called Polo,
through words, his feelings,
간단하지만 매우 효과적으로
effective way to help.
알 수 있었습니다.
close to understanding
공유하는 직감을
that we all have,
방법을 이해하는 데
a very different form of mental health,
미래에 보게 될 수도 있습니다.
and automated analysis
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mariano Sigman - NeuroscientistIn his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain.
Why you should listen
Mariano Sigman, a physicist by training, is a leading figure in the cognitive neuroscience of learning and decision making. Sigman was awarded a Human Frontiers Career Development Award, the National Prize of Physics, the Young Investigator Prize of "College de France," the IBM Scalable Data Analytics Award and is a scholar of the James S. McDonnell Foundation. In 2016 he was made a Laureate of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.
In The Secret Life of the Mind, Sigman's ambition is to explain the mind so that we can understand ourselves and others more deeply. He shows how we form ideas during our first days of life, how we give shape to our fundamental decisions, how we dream and imagine, why we feel certain emotions, how the brain transforms and how who we are changes with it. Spanning biology, physics, mathematics, psychology, anthropology, linguistics, philosophy and medicine, as well as gastronomy, magic, music, chess, literature and art, The Secret Life of the Mind revolutionizes how neuroscience serves us in our lives, revealing how the infinity of neurons inside our brains manufacture how we perceive, reason, feel, dream and communicate.
Mariano Sigman | Speaker | TED.com