Linus Torvalds: The mind behind Linux
لينوس تورفالدس: العقل المدبر للينكس
In 1991, Linus Torvalds shared the Linux kernel with a few computer hobbyists. The operating system they built reshaped the software industry. Full bio
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a strange thing.
موجود في ملايين الحواسيب ،
is in millions of computers,
Android devices out there.
بنظام أندرويد ،
single one of them.
للبرنامج لتدير كل هذا .
software headquarters driving all this.
شاهدت صورة لها .
when I saw a picture of it.
doesn't look like much.
part in my office
على الجدران .
on the walls are this light green.
they use that on the walls.
أنهم يستخدمونها على الجدران .
that really stimulates you.
هو الحاسوب أنت تشاهد الشاشة فقط ،
you only see the screen,
about in my computer is --
and powerful, although I like that --
، بالرغم كوني أحبه أن يكون كذلك
small data center at home,
boring office you'll ever see.
technology empire --
ولإمبراطورية التكنولوجيا
to the power of open source.
نظام المصدر المفتوح .
to understand open source
to the development of Linux.
as a collaborative project.
كمشروع تعاوني ،
in a series of many projects
enjoyed programming.
we still have not reached.
that I was looking for a project on my own
بتفكيري على الإطلاق.
really, on my radar at all.
يجب أن تطلع الناس عليه .
you want to show off to people.
انظروا ما فعلت !
look at what I did!"
that great back then.
open source at that point.
ولكن لم يكن هناك أيّ نية ،
but there was no intention
المستخدم حالياَ
methodology that we think of today
لمدة نصف سنة ،
on this for half a year,
of the open source --
"free software" back then --
"البرمجيات الحرة" في ذلك الوقت ،
to the notion that, hey,
أنه ، مهلاَ ،
نظام المصدر المفتوح التي تم ترخيصها
licenses that had been around.
commercial interests coming in.
أعتقد معظم الناس الذين يطلقون شيئاَ،
I think most people who start out have,
من عملهم أليس كذلك ؟
taking advantage of their work, right?
ببعض التعليمات البرمجية التي إعتبرتها ،
some code that you thought,
لم أكن قد فكرت في هذا!
I would not have thought of that.
بمساهمة الناس في البرجمة ،
by people contributing code,
started contributing ideas.
takes a look at your project --
of other things, too,
أشياء أخرى كثيرة ،
takes an interest in your code,
give you feedback
فيها
كنت لازلت شاباَ .
نصف حياتي أساساَ ،
for half my life, basically.
had been completely personal
just started commenting,
يبدون آرائهم ،
giving code back,
moments where I said,
people on email,
البريد الإلكتروني ،
and get involved in my project.
في مشروعي .
وأنت تشاهد ما تم بناؤه
when you saw what was being built
this actually could be something huge,
مشروعي سيصبح مشروعاَ عظيماَ ،
أحصل على ردود و أراء ايجابية عنه ،
that I'm getting nice feedback on,
في كل عالم التكنولوجيا ؟
in the whole technology world"?
was not when it was becoming huge,
أنه أصبح شيئاَ عظيماَ ،
منذ كان مشروعاَ صغيراَ .
أن لا أكون وحيداَ
people being involved --
في المشروع
is not a big deal -- to me.
لم يكن شيئاَ عظيماَ .. لي .
هذا هو الفارق العظيم .
then it's a huge deal --
a single point where I went like,
حيث أنني بدأت،
الذين تحدثت معهم يدينون لك بالكثير
that I talk to really credit you
for software development.
and your role in that.
أو 100 شخص يعملون فيه
or 100 people working on a project
where just on the kernel,
وجودنا في الجوهر ،
in every single release
roughly two or three months.
ما يقرب من شهرين أو ثلاثة أشهر.
القليل من التغييرات .
who make small, small changes.
you have to maintain it.
الرمز المصدري .
that do only source-code maintenance.
هذه البرامج إستخداماَ ،
the most commonly used,
and refused to touch it
that was radical and interesting
who wanted to participate,
يريدون المشاركة ،
I was the kind of break point,
أريد التوقف ،
with thousands of people.
to maintain my first big project.
for something meaningful
has been something I needed
and Git kind of arose
من النوع الذي نشأ
to work with too many people.
LT: Yeah.
لينوس تورفالدس: نعم .
who's transformed technology
الذي حول التكنولوجيا
and understand why it is.
with a Rubik's Cube.
programming since you were like 10 or 11,
genius, you know, übernerd,
مهووساَ بالتعلم،
القادرعلى أن يفعل كل شيء ؟
who could do everything?
نمط الطالب الذي يذاكر .
the prototypical nerd.
in the Rubik's Cube
who's not in the picture,
like, a couple of cousins --
و لكن كان لدي أثنين من أولاد عمومتي،
into the room she would say,
استثنائي بمجال معين .
particularly exceptional.
was that I would not let go.
أمتلكها أنني لا أستسلم .
because that's interesting.
أنه مثير للإهتمام .
a geek and being smart,
let's do something else --
سأبدأ بإتمام أمر آخر
other parts in my life, too.
من حياتي ،ايضاَ.
company, in Silicon Valley,
في وادي السيليكون.
is that people jump between jobs
يتنقلون بين عدة أعمال
development of Linux itself,
you in conflict with other people.
مع باقي الناس .
the quality of what was being built?
إذا كان ضرورياَ .
a people person," --
" لست شخصاَ إجتماعياَ "
to other people's feelings,
بمشاعر باقي الناس،
تزعج وتؤلم باقي الناس.
say things that hurt other people.
that I should be nice.
أن أكون لطيفاَ .
أنه ربما هم لطيفين ،
that maybe you're nice,
is we are different.
I'm particularly proud of,
I really like about open source
المصدر المفتوح
people to work together.
don't like each other.
very heated arguments.
النقاشات الحادة .
you can find things that --
إيجاد الأشياء
in really different things.
where I said earlier
أن يستفيدوا من عملك ،
taking advantage of your work,
quickly turned out,
محبوبين جداَ .
were lovely, lovely people.
مهتماَ بالقيام بها،
at all interested in doing,
لم أكن أريدها .
that I just did not want to go.
source they could do it,
really beautifully together.
it works the same way.
the communicators,
مع بعضها ،
and get you into the community.
يدخلوك للمجتمع .
was the make a pretty UI,
أن أعمل واجهة جميلة ،
I'm trying to explain.
الاسبوع الماضي ،
other trait that you have,
التذوق في البرمجة ،
particularly good taste in code,
a singly-linked list.
good taste approach,
when you start out coding.
بدأت بالبرمجة .
in a singly-linked list --
an existing entry from a list --
between if it's the first entry
the pointer to the first entry.
of a previous entry.
why it doesn't have the if statement,
a problem in a different way
بطريقة مختلفة .
تذهب بعيداَ
a special case goes away
although, details are important.
طبعاَ التفاصيل مهمة .
العمل معهم
I really want to work with
which is how ...
because it's too small.
seeing the big patterns
الأنماط الكبيرة فعلياَ
what's the right way to do things.
لإتمام الأمور .
the pieces together here now.
مع بعضها .
to software people.
to some people here.
لبعض الناس هنا .
ذكي جداَ ،
تلك الرؤى العظيمة للمستقبل .
of these grand visions of the future.
نوعاَ ما في TED
uncomfortable at TED
of vision going on, right?
أليس كذلك ؟
happy with all the people
and just staring at the clouds
and saying, "I want to go there."
" أريد الذهاب الى هناك " .
that's right in front of me
حول هذين الرجلين .
about these two guys.
do you relate to them?
of cliché in technology,
scientist and crazy idea man.
و الرجل بالفكرة المجنونة .
their companies after him.
بعد وفاته .
لكونه يفتقر للإلهام
for being kind of pedestrian
and 99 percent perspiration."
و 99 في المائة تعب و عرق".
لأيامنا هذه ،
grab these days,
of an Edison than a Tesla.
لإديسون أكثرمن تسلا.
لهذا الإسبوع هي الاحلام
this week is dreams --
دفعها قليلاّ ، صحيح.
عملت ، يمكن القول،
others have made, arguably,
من خلال برنامجك .
out of your software.
for several reasons.
والسماح له أن يصبح شيئاَ ،
open source and really letting go thing,
I don't really enjoy, public talking,
لا أحبذها ، الكلام العام.
هذه خبرة ايضاَ .
this is an experience.
رجلاَ سعيداَ
that make me a very happy man
الأمور الصحيحة .
fully realized now in the world,
بشكل كامل للعالم ،
بشكل جيد في البرمجة
works so well in code
بالابيض و الاسود .
لاتخاذ قرار،
and this is not done well.
room for arguments.
open politics and things like that --
وأمور كهذه
principles in some other areas
من الأمور الأخرى
turns into not just gray,
فقط للرمادي ،
بصدد العودة للعلوم.
is making a comeback.
being pretty closed,
مغلقة جداّ ،
and some of that going on.
الأمور التي تجري ،
a comeback in science,
للمستقبل ،
اليس كذلك ؟
شكراَ لك على الإنترنت ،
thank you for the Internet,
الكثيرعن نفسك .
and revealing so much of yourself.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Linus Torvalds - Software engineerIn 1991, Linus Torvalds shared the Linux kernel with a few computer hobbyists. The operating system they built reshaped the software industry.
Why you should listen
Fascinated by the economy and elegance of experimental operating system Minix, computer scientist Linus Torvalds wrote an operating system kernel and shared it with independent programmers. The system that they fleshed out and released in 1994 -- Linux -- was remarkable not only for its utility and efficiency but also for the collaboration of its community.
Now enjoying mainstream respectability (and the support of the computer industry), Linux runs on the servers of Amazon, Google, and much of the wired world. As the sole arbiter of code for the Linux Foundation (which he characteristically downplays by saying “the only power I have is to say ‘no’”), Torvalds quietly inspires open-source projects worldwide.
Linus Torvalds | Speaker | TED.com