TEDxSouthBank
Yassmin Abdel-Magied: What does my headscarf mean to you?
Yassmin Abdel-Magied: Mida ütleb teile mu pearätt?
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Alateadlikud hoiakud on kultuuri alustalaks, millele tulenevalt kasvatusest ja välistest mõjuritest ühinevad ka meie eelarvamused. Taolised varjatud eelhoiakud mõjutavad aga kogu meie suhtumist ümbritsevasse. On viimane aeg oma eelarvamustele otsa vaadata ja mõelda järele, kuidas saaksime olla mõistvamad ning käituda arukamalt. Oma humoorika ja otsekohese esinemisega oskab Yassmin Abdel-Magied panna mõtlema, kuidas saada üle meid kammitsevatest pealiskaudsetest eelarvamustest.
Yassmin Abdel-Magied - Mechanical engineer, social advocate
Yassmin Abdel-Magied wears many hats, including a hijab. She's a mechanical engineer, writer and activist who campaigns for tolerance and diversity. Full bio
Yassmin Abdel-Magied wears many hats, including a hijab. She's a mechanical engineer, writer and activist who campaigns for tolerance and diversity. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Kui keegi, kes näeb välja nagu mina
teist tänaval möödub,
teist tänaval möödub,
00:13
Someone who looks like me
walks past you in the street.
walks past you in the street.
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00:18
Do you think they're a mother,
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kas peate teda emaks,
00:20
a refugee
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või hoopis pagulaseks
00:22
or a victim of oppression?
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või rõhumise ohvriks?
00:24
Or do you think they're a cardiologist,
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Või arvate, et ta on kardioloog,
advokaat
00:26
a barrister
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või ehk kohaliku omavalitsuse poliitik?
00:27
or maybe your local politician?
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00:30
Do you look me up and down,
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Kas vaadates mind mõtlete sellele,
00:32
wondering how hot I must get
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kui palav mul võib olla
00:33
or if my husband has forced me
to wear this outfit?
to wear this outfit?
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või kas mu abikaasa on mind
sundinud kandma seda riietust?
sundinud kandma seda riietust?
Mis siis, kui ma oma salli
kannaksin hoopis sedasi?
kannaksin hoopis sedasi?
00:38
What if I wore my scarf like this?
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Ma võin kõndida tänaval
täpselt samas riietuses,
täpselt samas riietuses,
00:43
I can walk down the street
in the exact same outfit
in the exact same outfit
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00:46
and what the world expects of me
and the way I'm treated
and the way I'm treated
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aga see, mida teised minust
eeldavad ja kuidas mind kohtlevad,
eeldavad ja kuidas mind kohtlevad,
00:49
depends on the arrangement
of this piece of cloth.
of this piece of cloth.
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sõltub sellest, kuidas
seda riidetükki siin kanda.
seda riidetükki siin kanda.
00:52
But this isn't going to be
another monologue about the hijab
another monologue about the hijab
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Ma ei hakka pidama
järjekordset monoloogi peakattest,
järjekordset monoloogi peakattest,
00:55
because Lord knows, Muslim women
are so much more than the piece of cloth
are so much more than the piece of cloth
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sest jumal teab, et mosleminaised
on palju enamat, kui see riidetükk,
on palju enamat, kui see riidetükk,
00:59
they choose, or not,
to wrap their head in.
to wrap their head in.
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mille nad siis kas seovad
endale pähe või mitte.
endale pähe või mitte.
01:03
This is about looking beyond your bias.
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Asi on oma eelarvamustest
kaugemale vaatamises.
kaugemale vaatamises.
01:08
What if I walked past you and later on
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Mis oleks, kui kõnnin teist mööda
ja hiljem selguks, et olen
tegelikult ralliautode insener,
tegelikult ralliautode insener,
01:10
you'd found out that actually
I was a race car engineer,
I was a race car engineer,
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et disainisin endale võidusõidu auto
ja juhtisin ülikoolis rallitiimi,
ja juhtisin ülikoolis rallitiimi,
01:13
and that I designed my own race car
and I ran my university's race team,
and I ran my university's race team,
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01:17
because it's true.
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sest nii see ongi.
01:19
What if I told you that I was actually
trained as a boxer for five years,
trained as a boxer for five years,
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Aga mis siis, kui ütleksin, et
tegelesin viis aastat poksiga,
tegelesin viis aastat poksiga,
sest see on ka tõsi.
01:24
because that's true, too.
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Kas see üllataks teid?
01:26
Would it surprise you?
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Miks?
01:29
Why?
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01:31
Ladies and gentlemen, ultimately,
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Daamid ja härrad,
lõpuks on see üllatumine ja
käitumine, mis sellega kaasneb
käitumine, mis sellega kaasneb
01:33
that surprise and the behaviors
associated with it
associated with it
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tingitud millestki, mida kutsutakse
teadvustamata hoiakuteks
teadvustamata hoiakuteks
01:36
are the product of something
called unconscious bias,
called unconscious bias,
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või varjatud eelarvamuseks.
01:39
or implicit prejudice.
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01:40
And that results in the
ridiculously detrimental
ridiculously detrimental
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Ja see viib naeruväärselt armetu
mitmekesisuse puudumiseni
mitmekesisuse puudumiseni
01:43
lack of diversity in our workforce,
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meie tööjõu hulgas,
01:45
particularly in areas of influence.
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eriti just olulistes eluvaldkondades.
01:47
Hello, Australian Federal Cabinet.
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Halloo, Austraalia valitsus?!
(Aplaus)
01:50
(Applause)
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01:52
Let me just set something out
from the outset:
from the outset:
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Las ma teen ühe asja kohe selgeks:
01:55
Unconscious bias is not the same
as conscious discrimination.
as conscious discrimination.
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Teadvustamata hoiak ei ole sama,
mis teadlik diskrimineerimine.
mis teadlik diskrimineerimine.
01:58
I'm not saying that in all of you,
there's a secret sexist or racist
there's a secret sexist or racist
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Ma ei ütle, et kõigis teis on
peidus varjatud seksist või rassist
peidus varjatud seksist või rassist
02:02
or ageist lurking within,
waiting to get out.
waiting to get out.
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või vanainimeste vihkaja, kes ootab
head juhust end välja elada.
head juhust end välja elada.
02:04
That's not what I'm saying.
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Seda ma ei ütle.
02:06
We all have our biases.
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Meil kõigil on eelarvamused.
02:08
They're the filters through which
we see the world around us.
we see the world around us.
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Need on filtrid, läbi mille
näeme ümbritsevat maailma.
näeme ümbritsevat maailma.
02:11
I'm not accusing anyone,
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Ma ei süüdista kedagi,
02:13
bias is not an accusation.
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hoiak ei ole süütegu.
Pigem on see miski, mida tuleb märgata,
02:15
Rather, it's something that
has to be identified,
has to be identified,
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02:17
acknowledged and mitigated against.
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teadvustada ja selle mõju vähendada.
02:21
Bias can be about race,
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Hoiakud võivad olla rassi või soo kohta.
02:22
it can be about gender.
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Samuti on hoiakud ühiskonnagruppide,
haridusest, puudega inimeste kohta.
haridusest, puudega inimeste kohta.
02:23
It can also be about class,
education, disability.
education, disability.
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02:27
The fact is, we all have biases
against what's different,
against what's different,
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Ei saa eitada, et kõigil on
mingid hoiakud selle suhtes,
mingid hoiakud selle suhtes,
mis erineb meie sotsiaalsest normist.
02:30
what's different to our social norms.
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Asi on selles, et kui me tahame
elada maailmas,
elada maailmas,
02:33
The thing is, if we want
to live in a world
to live in a world
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02:36
where the circumstances of your birth
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kus see, kellena ja kus oled sündinud
02:39
do not dictate your future
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ei määra su tulevikku
02:41
and where equal opportunity is ubiquitous,
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ja kus kõigil on võrdsed võimalused,
02:44
then each and every one of us
has a role to play
has a role to play
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siis tuleb viimsel kui ühel meist
anda oma panus selleks,
anda oma panus selleks,
02:47
in making sure unconscious bias
does not determine our lives.
does not determine our lives.
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et teadvustamata hoiakud
ei dikteeriks inimeste elukäiku.
ei dikteeriks inimeste elukäiku.
Teadvustamata hoiakute vallas
on üks kuulus eksperiment,
on üks kuulus eksperiment,
02:52
There's this really famous experiment
in the space of unconscious bias
in the space of unconscious bias
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mis käsitles hoiakuid naiste ja meeste
suhtes 1970ndatel ja 1980ndatel.
suhtes 1970ndatel ja 1980ndatel.
02:55
and that's in the space of gender
in the 1970s and 1980s.
in the 1970s and 1980s.
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02:59
So orchestras, back in the day,
were made up mostly of dudes,
were made up mostly of dudes,
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Tol ajal mängisid orkestrites
peamiselt mehed,
peamiselt mehed,
naisi oli vähem kui viis protsenti.
03:03
up to only five percent were female.
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03:06
And apparently, that was because
men played it differently,
men played it differently,
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Nii oli see väidetavalt seetõttu,
et mehed mängisid teistmoodi,
et mehed mängisid teistmoodi,
03:09
presumably better, presumably.
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eeldatavalt paremini.
Eeldatavalt.
03:12
But in 1952, The Boston Symphony Orchestra
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Aga 1952. aastal tegi Bostoni
sümfooniaorkester ühe eksperimendi.
sümfooniaorkester ühe eksperimendi.
03:15
started an experiment.
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Proovikuulamisi hakati tegema pimetestina.
03:17
They started blind auditions.
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03:19
So rather than face-to-face auditions,
you would have to play behind a screen.
you would have to play behind a screen.
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Prooviesinemine ei toimunud mitte
hindajate ees vaid sirmi taga.
hindajate ees vaid sirmi taga.
03:22
Now funnily enough,
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Kummalisel kombel
03:24
no immediate change was registered
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ei tuvastatud mingisugust erinevust seni,
03:26
until they asked the audition-ers
to take their shoes off
to take their shoes off
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kuni esinejatel paluti enne sisenemist
03:29
before they entered the room.
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kingad jalast võtta.
03:31
because the clickity-clack
of the heels
of the heels
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Kontsade kõpsumine puitpõrandal oli piisav
03:33
against the hardwood floors
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03:35
was enough to give the ladies away.
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et reeta naiste sugu.
03:37
Now get this,
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Pange nüüd tähele,
03:39
there results of the audition showed
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katsete tulemused näitasid,
03:41
that there was a 50 percent
increased chance
increased chance
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et nii suurenes 50% võrra naiste tõenäosus
03:44
a woman would progress past
the preliminary stage.
the preliminary stage.
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esimesest voorust edasi pääseda.
Peaaegu kolmekordistus tõenäosus,
et neid valiti orkestrisse mängima.
et neid valiti orkestrisse mängima.
03:47
And it almost tripled
their chances of getting in.
their chances of getting in.
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03:51
What does that tell us?
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Mida see meile ütleb?
Seda, et meeste kurvastuseks ei olnud
nende mänguviis kuidagi erinev,
nende mänguviis kuidagi erinev,
03:53
Well, unfortunately for the guys,
men actually didn't play differently,
men actually didn't play differently,
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03:56
but there was the perception
that they did.
that they did.
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kuigi valitses ettekujutus, et see on.
See oligi see hoiak,
mis määras tulemuse ette ära .
mis määras tulemuse ette ära .
03:59
And it was that bias that was
determining their outcome.
determining their outcome.
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04:03
So what we're doing here
is identifying and acknowledging
is identifying and acknowledging
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See, mida praegu teeme, ongi
märkamine ja teadvustamine,
märkamine ja teadvustamine,
et hoiakud eksisteerivad.
04:06
that a bias exists.
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Oleme ausad, kõik me teeme seda.
04:07
And look, we all do it.
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04:08
Let me give you an example.
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Toon teile ühe näite.
04:10
A son and his father are in
a horrible car accident.
a horrible car accident.
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Poeg ja tema isa satuvad
kohutavasse liiklusõnnetusse.
kohutavasse liiklusõnnetusse.
04:14
The father dies on impact
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Isa hukkub kokkupõrkel
04:16
and the son, who's severely injured,
is rushed to hospital.
is rushed to hospital.
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ja raskelt vigastatud
poeg viiakse haiglasse.
poeg viiakse haiglasse.
Kirurg vaatab poega,
kes on haiglasse toodud ja ütleb:
kes on haiglasse toodud ja ütleb:
04:19
The surgeon looks at the son
when they arrive and is like,
when they arrive and is like,
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04:23
"I can't operate."
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"Ma ei saa teda opereerida".
Miks?
04:25
Why?
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"See poiss on mu poeg."
04:27
"The boy is my son."
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Kuidas see võimalik on?
04:30
How can that be?
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04:32
Ladies and gentlemen,
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Daamid ja härrad,
04:33
the surgeon is his mother.
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see kirurg on ta ema.
04:36
Now hands up -- and it's okay --
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Tõstke käed - ja pole hullu,
04:38
but hands up if you initially assumed
the surgeon was a guy?
the surgeon was a guy?
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tõstke käed, kui te alguses
arvasite, et kirurg on mees?
arvasite, et kirurg on mees?
04:42
There's evidence that
that unconscious bias exists,
that unconscious bias exists,
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On tõendatud, et teadvustamata
hoiakud eksisteerivad,
hoiakud eksisteerivad,
04:45
but we all just have
to acknowledge that it's there
to acknowledge that it's there
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aga meie asi on seda fakti teadvustada
04:48
and then look at ways
that we can move past it
that we can move past it
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ja siis leida mooduseid,
kuidas sellest mööda saada,
kuidas sellest mööda saada,
04:51
so that we can look at solutions.
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et näeksime lahendusi.
04:54
Now one of the interesting things
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Teadvustamata hoiakutega seoses
04:57
around the space of unconscious bias
is the topic of quotas.
is the topic of quotas.
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on üks huvitav asi kvootide teema.
05:00
And this something
that's often brought up.
that's often brought up.
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See on teema, millest palju räägitakse.
05:02
And of of the criticisms
is this idea of merit.
is this idea of merit.
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Ja üks vastuargumentidest
kvootidele on kompetentsi hindamine.
kvootidele on kompetentsi hindamine.
05:05
Look, I don't want to be picked
because I'm a chick,
because I'm a chick,
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Ma ei taha, et mind valitakse,
sest ma olen tüdruk,
sest ma olen tüdruk,
ma tahan, et mind valitakse,
sest olen seda väärt,
sest olen seda väärt,
05:09
I want to be picked because
I have merit,
I have merit,
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05:11
because I'm the best person for the job.
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sest ma olen selle töö jaoks parim.
05:13
It's a sentiment that's pretty common
among female engineers
among female engineers
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Selline vaade on üsna levinud
naisinseneride hulgas,
naisinseneride hulgas,
kellega koos töötan ja keda tean.
05:16
that I work with and that I know.
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Jah, mõistan, olen ka ise nii mõelnud.
05:18
And yeah, I get it, I've been there.
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Aga kui inimesi hinnatakse nende
kompetentsi põhjal,
kompetentsi põhjal,
05:20
But, if the merit idea was true,
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05:22
why would identical resumes,
in an experiment done in 2012 by Yale,
in an experiment done in 2012 by Yale,
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siis miks peeti 2012. Yale'is tehtud
eksperimendis identsete CVde puhul
eksperimendis identsete CVde puhul
05:27
identical resumes sent out
for a lab technician,
for a lab technician,
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laboritehniku kohale kandideerimisel,
05:32
why would Jennifers
be deemed less competent,
be deemed less competent,
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miks peeti jennifere
vähem kompetentseteks,
vähem kompetentseteks,
05:35
be less likely to be offered the job,
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miks pakuti neile
vähem tõenäoliselt tööd
,
vähem tõenäoliselt tööd
,
05:37
and be paid less than Johns.
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ja väiksemat palka kui johnidele?
Teadvustamata hoiakud on küll olemas,
05:42
The unconscious bias is there,
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05:43
but we just have to look at
how we can move past it.
how we can move past it.
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aga tuleb leida võimalus
neist mööda minna.
neist mööda minna.
05:46
And, you know, it's interesting,
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Ja teate, mis on huvitav,
on tehtud uurimusi põhjuste tuvastamiseks,
05:47
there's some research that talks about
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05:49
why this is the case and
it's called the merit paradox.
it's called the merit paradox.
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ja seda kutsutakse väärtuse paradoksiks.
05:52
And in organizations --
and this is kind of ironic --
and this is kind of ironic --
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Organisatsioonides,
jah, see on veidi irooniline -
jah, see on veidi irooniline -
05:54
in organizations that talk about merit
being their primary value-driver
being their primary value-driver
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organisatsioonides, kus
räägitakse kompetentsist
räägitakse kompetentsist
kui värbamise puhul olulisimast aspektist,
05:58
in terms of who they hire,
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06:00
they were more likely to hire dudes
and more likely to pay the guys more
and more likely to pay the guys more
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palgatakse suurema tõenäosusega mehi
ja makstakse meestele rohkem,
ja makstakse meestele rohkem,
06:03
because apparently merit
is a masculine quality.
is a masculine quality.
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sest ilmselt on kompetentsus
üks mehelik omadus.
üks mehelik omadus.
Mida iganes...
06:07
But, hey.
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06:08
So you guys think you've got
a good read on me,
a good read on me,
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Nüüd te ilmselt arvate,
et saate aru, mis on minu sõnum.
et saate aru, mis on minu sõnum.
06:10
you kinda think you know what's up.
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et saite pihta, milles asi.
06:14
Can you imagine me running one of these?
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Oskate mind ette kujutada
sellist asja juhtimas?
sellist asja juhtimas?
06:17
Can you imagine me walking in
and being like,
and being like,
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Kas te suudate kujutleda
mind tulemas ja ütlemas:
mind tulemas ja ütlemas:
06:20
"Hey boys, this is what's up.
This is how it's done."
This is how it's done."
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"Hei kutid, selline värk!
Nii tuleb teha!"
Nii tuleb teha!"
06:23
Well, I'm glad you can.
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Tore, et suudate.
(Aplaus)
06:31
(Applause)
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Sest daamid ja härrad,
see on mu igapäevane töö.
see on mu igapäevane töö.
06:37
Because ladies and gentlemen,
that's my day job.
that's my day job.
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06:40
And the cool thing about it is
that it's pretty entertaining.
that it's pretty entertaining.
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Lahe on see, et mu töös saab palju nalja.
Tegelikult, mõnes kohas nagu Malaisias
06:43
Actually, in places like Malaysia,
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pole mosleminaised naftaplatvormidel
üldse märkimist väärt.
üldse märkimist väärt.
06:44
Muslim women on rigs
isn't even comment-worthy.
isn't even comment-worthy.
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06:47
There are that many of them.
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Seal on neid nii palju.
06:48
But, it is entertaining.
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Aga nalja saab palju.
06:49
I remember, I was telling one of the guys,
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Ma mäletan, et rääkisin ühele tüübile,
06:52
"Hey, mate, look, I really want
to learn how to surf."
to learn how to surf."
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"Kuule, tead, ma tahan surfama õppida."
Ja tema vastas:
06:54
And he's like, "Yassmin, I don't
know how you can surf
know how you can surf
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"Yassmin, mul on raske
ettekujutada, kuidas sa surfad
ettekujutada, kuidas sa surfad
06:57
with all that gear you've got on,
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kogu selle varustusega, mis sul seljas on,
06:59
and I don't know any women-only beaches."
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ja ma ei tea ühtki naisteranda."
07:02
And then, the guy came up
with a brilliant idea,
with a brilliant idea,
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Aga siis tuli sellel kutil geniaalne idee,
07:04
he was like, "I know, you run
that organization
that organization
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ta ütles, "Ma tean, et sa
juhid organisatsiooni
juhid organisatsiooni
07:06
Youth Without Borders, right?
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Piirideta noored, eks ole?
07:08
Why don't you start a clothing line
for Muslim chicks in beaches.
for Muslim chicks in beaches.
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Miks te ei tee moslemitšikkidele
mõeldud rannariiete brändi?
mõeldud rannariiete brändi?
07:13
You can call it
Youth Without Boardshorts."
Youth Without Boardshorts."
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Selle nimi võiks olla
Surfipüksteta noored"
Surfipüksteta noored"
07:15
(Laughter)
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07:17
And I was like, "Thanks, guys."
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Ütlesin, et tänan väga.
07:19
And I remember another bloke
telling me that
telling me that
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Ja ma mäletan teist tüüpi, kes ütles,
07:22
I should eat all the yogurt I could
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et ma peaks sööma
võimalikult palju jogurtit,
võimalikult palju jogurtit,
07:24
because that was the only culture
I was going to get around there.
I was going to get around there.
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sest see on ainuke kultuur,
mida sealkandis leidub.
mida sealkandis leidub.
07:29
But, the problem is, it's kind of true
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Probleem on selles, et see on tõsi,
07:32
because there's an intense
lack of diversity in our workforce,
lack of diversity in our workforce,
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sest meie töötutrul on
tohutult puudus mitmekesisusest,
tohutult puudus mitmekesisusest,
07:35
particularly in places of influence.
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seda eriti juhtivatel kohtadel.
07:37
Now, in 2010,
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Aastal 2010 tegi Austraalia
riiklik ülikool katse,
riiklik ülikool katse,
07:39
The Australian National University
did an experiment
did an experiment
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2473
07:41
where they sent out
4,000 identical applications
4,000 identical applications
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kus saatis välja 4000 identset avaldust
07:45
to entry level jobs, essentially.
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algajate töökohtadele.
07:48
To get the same number of interviews
as someone with an Anglo-Saxon name,
as someone with an Anglo-Saxon name,
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Et saada sama paljudele tööintervjuudele,
kui anglosaksi nimega kandidaat,
kui anglosaksi nimega kandidaat,
07:53
if you were Chinese, you had
to send out 68 percent more applications.
to send out 68 percent more applications.
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pidi Hiina nimega kandidaat
saatma 68% rohkem avaldusi.
saatma 68% rohkem avaldusi.
Kui olid Lähis-Idast - Abdel-Magied -
07:57
If you were Middle Eastern --
Abdel-Magied --
Abdel-Magied --
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2694
08:00
you had to send out 64 percent,
168
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2050
pidid saatma 64% rohkem avaldusi,
08:02
and if you're Italian,
you're pretty lucky,
you're pretty lucky,
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ja kui olid itaalllane, siis sul vedas,
08:04
you only have to send out 12 percent more.
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tuli ainult 12% rohkem avaldusi saata.
08:07
In places like Silicon Valley,
it's not that much better.
it's not that much better.
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Sellistes kohtades nagu Silicon Valley
pole asi palju parem.
pole asi palju parem.
08:10
In Google, they put out
some diversity results
some diversity results
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Google esitas oma personali
mitmekesisuse statistika:
mitmekesisuse statistika:
08:12
and 61 percent white, 30 percent Asian
and nine, a bunch of blacks, Hispanics,
and nine, a bunch of blacks, Hispanics,
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61% olid valged, 30% asiaadid
ja ülejäänud 9% mustanahalised, hispaanlased
ja teised taolised.
08:19
all that kind of thing.
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1327
Ja muu IT-maailm pole palju parem
08:20
And the rest of the tech world
is not that much better
is not that much better
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08:23
and they've acknowledged it,
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nad on ise seda tunnistanud,
08:24
but I'm not really sure
what they're doing about it.
what they're doing about it.
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aga ma ei tea, mida nad
kavatsevad ette võtta.
kavatsevad ette võtta.
08:27
The thing is, it doesn't trickle up.
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08:29
In a study done by Green Park,
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Uurimuses, mille tegi Green Park,
08:31
who are a British senior exec supplier,
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Briti suurim tippjuhtide otsingu firma,
08:35
they said that over half
of the FTSE 100 companies
of the FTSE 100 companies
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selgus, et üle poolte FTSE 100 firmades
ei ole ettevõtte nõukogus või juhatuses
teise nahavärviga tippjuhte.
teise nahavärviga tippjuhte.
08:39
don't have a nonwhite leader
at their board level,
at their board level,
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08:42
executive or non-executive.
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1455
08:43
And two out of every three
don't have an executive
don't have an executive
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Ja kahel kolmandikul firmadest
ei ole juhtkonnas kedagi,
ei ole juhtkonnas kedagi,
08:47
who's from a minority.
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kes oleks vähemuste hulgast.
08:49
And most of the minorities
that are at that sort of level
that are at that sort of level
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Ja enamik vähemuste esindajaid,
kes on jõudnud juhtkonna tasemele,
kes on jõudnud juhtkonna tasemele,
08:52
are non-executive board directors.
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1642
ei kuulu otseselt tegevjuhtkonda.
08:54
So their influence isn't that great.
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Seega nende mõju pole suur.
08:57
I've told you a bunch of terrible things.
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2215
Ma olen teile nüüd rääkinud
igasugu hirmsaid asju.
igasugu hirmsaid asju.
08:59
You're like, "Oh my god, how bad is that?
What can I do about it?"
What can I do about it?"
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Kindlasti mõtlete:"Issand, kui jube!
Mida mina saan siin teha?"
Mida mina saan siin teha?"
09:03
Well, fortunately,
191
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2153
Õnneks on nüüd nii,
09:05
we've identified that there's a problem.
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2042
et me oleme tuvastanud probleemi.
09:07
There's a lack of opportunity,
and that's due to unconscious bias.
and that's due to unconscious bias.
193
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4936
Valitseb võimaluste vähesus,
mille põhjuseks on teadvustamata hoiakud.
09:13
But you might be sitting
there thinking,
there thinking,
194
541713
1959
Kuid võib-olla te mõtlete, et
09:15
"I ain't brown. What's that got
to do with me?"
to do with me?"
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543672
3810
"Mina ju pole tumedanahaline.
Mis see minusse puutub?"
Mis see minusse puutub?"
09:20
Let me offer you a solution.
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2424
Las ma pakun teile lahenduse.
09:22
And as I've said before,
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Nagu ma ennist ütlesin
09:23
we live in a world where
we're looking for an ideal.
we're looking for an ideal.
198
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3851
elame me maailmas,
kus otsitakse ideaali.
kus otsitakse ideaali.
09:27
And if we want to create a world
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Ja kui me soovime teha maailma selliseks,
09:29
where the circumstances
of your birth don't matter,
of your birth don't matter,
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kus inimese sünnijärgne
päritolu poleks määrav,
päritolu poleks määrav,
09:31
we all have to be part of the solution.
201
559809
2029
siis tuleb meil kõigil panustada.
Laborandi töökuulutuse katse läbiviija
09:33
And interestingly, the author
of the lab resume experiment
of the lab resume experiment
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3075
09:36
offered some sort of a solution.
203
564913
1601
pakkus ka mõned lahendused.
09:38
She said the one thing that brought
the successful women together,
the successful women together,
204
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3734
Ta leidis, et edukate naiste
puhul oli üks sarnanus,
puhul oli üks sarnanus,
üks asi, mis neil kõigil oli ühine,
09:42
the one thing that they had in common,
205
570248
1979
oli see, et neil olid head mentorid.
09:44
was the fact that they had good mentors.
206
572227
2467
09:46
So mentoring, we've all kind of
heard that before,
heard that before,
207
574694
2445
Või mentorlus.
Oleme seda juba kuulnud,
09:49
it's in the vernacular.
208
577139
2438
see pole uudis.
09:52
Here's another challenge for you.
209
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Siin on teile veel üks ülesanne:
09:54
I challenge each and every one of you
to mentor someone different.
to mentor someone different.
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4200
kutsun üles igaüht teist olema
mentoriks kellelegi teistsugusele.
mentoriks kellelegi teistsugusele.
09:59
Think about it.
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1217
Mõelge sellele.
10:00
Everyone wants to mentor someone
who kind of is familiar,
who kind of is familiar,
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3046
Igaüks tahaks juhendada kedagi,
kes on mingil moel tuttav,
kes on mingil moel tuttav,
kes näeb välja, nagu ta ise,
10:04
who looks like us,
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859
10:04
we have shared experiences.
214
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1474
kellega on midagi ühist.
10:06
If I see a Muslim chick
who's got a bit of attitude,
who's got a bit of attitude,
215
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2661
Kui ma näen südikat moslemitüdrukut,
ütlen ma: "Me võiks midagi koos teha."
10:09
I'm like, "What's up? We can hang out."
216
597028
1853
Kui kohtate kedagi, kellega
käisite samas koolis,
käisite samas koolis,
10:10
You walk into a room and there's someone
who went to the same school,
who went to the same school,
217
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3236
10:14
you play the same sports,
218
602117
1311
või käisite samas trennis,
10:15
there's a high chance that you're
going to want to help that person out.
going to want to help that person out.
219
603428
3554
on suur tõenäosus, et te
tahate seda inimest aidata.
tahate seda inimest aidata.
10:19
But for the person in the room
who has no shared experiences with you
who has no shared experiences with you
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3493
Aga samas on inimesega,
kellega teil pole ühiseid kogemusi,
kellega teil pole ühiseid kogemusi,
10:22
it becomes extremely difficult
to find that connection.
to find that connection.
221
610509
2906
on väga keeruline leida mingit ühisosa.
Mõte leida keegi erinev, keda juhendada,
10:25
The idea of finding someone
different to mentor,
different to mentor,
222
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2419
10:27
someone who doesn't come
from the same background as you,
from the same background as you,
223
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2671
keegi, kel poleks sama taust, kui teil,
10:30
whatever that background is,
224
618505
1483
milline iganes see taust ka poleks,
10:31
is about opening doors
for people who couldn't even get
for people who couldn't even get
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619988
3348
on uste avamine inimestele,
kes ei ole jõudnud veel isegi esikusse.
10:35
to the damn hallway.
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623336
1995
Sest daamid ja härrad,
maailm ei ole õiglane paik.
maailm ei ole õiglane paik.
10:38
Because ladies and gentlemen,
the world is not just.
the world is not just.
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3485
10:41
People are not born
with equal opportunity.
with equal opportunity.
228
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2133
Inimesed ei sünni võrdsete võimalustega.
10:43
I was born in one of the poorest
cities in the world, Khartoum.
cities in the world, Khartoum.
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631699
3287
Mina sündisin ühes maailma
vaesemais linnas Khartoumis.
vaesemais linnas Khartoumis.
10:46
I was born brown, I was born female,
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2121
Olen sünnilt tumeda-nahaline ja naine.
10:49
and I was born Muslim in a world
that is pretty suspicious of us
that is pretty suspicious of us
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637107
3834
Sündisin moslemina maailmas,
mis on meie suhtes umbusklik
mis on meie suhtes umbusklik
10:52
for reasons I can't control.
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3245
põhjustel, mida ma ei saa muuta.
10:56
However, I also acknowledge the fact
that I was born with privilege.
that I was born with privilege.
233
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3970
Sellegi poolest tunnistan,
et ma sündisin privileegidega.
et ma sündisin privileegidega.
11:00
I was born with amazing parents,
234
648156
1669
Sündisin perre, kus on imelised vanemad,
11:01
I was given an education
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1605
ma sain hariduse
11:03
and had the blessing
of migrating to Australia.
of migrating to Australia.
236
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2637
ja mul oli õnne asuda elama Austraalias.
11:06
But also, I've been blessed
with amazing mentors
with amazing mentors
237
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2591
Ja lisaks on mind õnnistatud
imeliste mentoritega,
imeliste mentoritega,
11:08
who've opened doors for me
that I didn't even know were there.
that I didn't even know were there.
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kes on avanud mulle uksi,
mida ma ei osanud aimatagi.
mida ma ei osanud aimatagi.
11:11
A mentor who said to me,
239
659674
1358
Mentor, kes ütles:
11:13
"Hey, your story's interesting.
240
661032
1603
"Su lugu on huvitav.
11:14
Let's write something about it
so that I can share it with people."
so that I can share it with people."
241
662635
3227
Kirjutame sellest,
et ma saaks seda teistega jagada."
et ma saaks seda teistega jagada."
11:17
A mentor who said,
242
665862
1006
Mentor, kes ütles:
11:18
"I know you're all those things that don't
belong on an Australian rig,
belong on an Australian rig,
243
666868
3351
"Kõik sinus on selline, mis justkui
ei sobiks Austraalia naftaplatvormile,
ei sobiks Austraalia naftaplatvormile,
11:22
but come on anyway."
244
670219
1329
aga tule sellegipoolest."
11:23
And here I am, talking to you.
245
671548
1507
Ja siin ma nüüd olen rääkimas.
11:25
And I'm not the only one.
246
673055
1338
Ja ma pole ainus.
11:26
There's all sorts of people
in my communities
in my communities
247
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2469
Mu tutvusringkonnas on igasugu inimesi,
11:28
that I see have been
helped out by mentors.
helped out by mentors.
248
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2164
keda nende mentorid on aidanud.
11:31
A young Muslim man in Sydney
249
679026
1779
Üks moslemi noormees Sydneys,
11:32
who ended up using his mentor's help
250
680805
3168
kes sai tänu oma mentori toetusele
11:35
to start up a poetry slam in Bankstown
251
683973
3503
käivitada luuleslämmi Bankstownis,
11:39
and now it's a huge thing.
252
687476
1622
millest on nüüdseks saanud suurüritus.
11:41
And he's able to change the lives
of so many other young people.
of so many other young people.
253
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3120
Nüüd saab ta muuta
paljude teiste noorte elusid.
paljude teiste noorte elusid.
11:44
Or a lady here in Brisbane,
254
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1324
Või üks naine Brisbane'is,
11:45
an Afghan lady who's a refugee,
255
693542
1858
üks afgaanitar, kes on põgenik.
kes Austraaliasse saabudes
ei osanud üldse inglise keelt,
ei osanud üldse inglise keelt,
11:47
who could barely speak English
when she came to Australia,
when she came to Australia,
256
695400
2751
11:50
her mentors helped her become a doctor
257
698151
1879
tänu mentorite abile õppis ta arstiks,
11:52
and she took our Young Queenslander
of the Year Award in 2008.
of the Year Award in 2008.
258
700030
3223
ja pälvis 2008. aastal
Queenslandi aasta noore auhinna.
Queenslandi aasta noore auhinna.
11:55
She's an inspiration.
259
703253
2273
Ta on meile inspiratsiooniks.
12:02
This is so not smooth.
260
710366
1610
See pole nüüd nii kena.
12:06
This is me.
261
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2564
See olen mina.
12:08
But I'm also the woman in the rig clothes,
262
716940
2872
Aga ma olen ka naine tunkedes,
12:11
and I'm also the woman who was
in the abaya at the beginning.
in the abaya at the beginning.
263
719812
3799
samuti olen see naine,
kes kandis alguses abaiat.
kes kandis alguses abaiat.
12:15
Would you have chosen to mentor me
if you had seen me
if you had seen me
264
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3098
Kas te oleks tahtnud mu mentor olla,
kui te oleks mind näinud
kui te oleks mind näinud
12:18
in one of those other versions
of who I am?
of who I am?
265
726709
2253
mind mõned eelnevas versioonis?
12:20
Because I'm that same person.
266
728962
2508
Olen ju sama inimene.
12:24
We have to look past our unconscious bias,
267
732110
2904
Me peame vaatama kaugemale
oma teadvustamata hoiakutest.
oma teadvustamata hoiakutest.
12:27
find someone to mentor who's at
the opposite end of your spectrum
the opposite end of your spectrum
268
735014
3192
leidma endale juhendatava,
kes on teist kardinaalselt erinev,
kes on teist kardinaalselt erinev,
12:30
because structural change takes time,
269
738206
2385
sest struktuursed muutused võtavad aega,
12:32
and I don't have that level of patience.
270
740591
4116
ja mul pole nii palju kannatlikkust.
12:36
So if we're going to create a change,
271
744707
1761
Kui on kindel tahe asja muuta,
12:38
if we're going to create a world
272
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1562
ja teha maailmast koht,
12:40
where we all have
those kinds of opportunities,
those kinds of opportunities,
273
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2256
kus kõigil on olemas võimalused,
12:42
then choose to open doors for people.
274
750286
2371
siis hakake inimestele uksi avama.
12:44
Because you might think that
diversity has nothing to do with you,
diversity has nothing to do with you,
275
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3814
Kuigi võite arvata, et teil
pole mitmekesisusega asja,
pole mitmekesisusega asja,
12:48
but we are all part of this system
276
756471
1734
siis oleme kõik ühe süsteemi osad
12:50
and we can all be part of that solution.
277
758205
2096
ja me saame asja paremaks teha.
12:52
And if you don't know
where to find someone different,
where to find someone different,
278
760301
2554
Ja kui te ei tea, kust leida
kedagi erinevat,
kedagi erinevat,
minge sinna, kuhu te tavaliselt ei satu.
12:54
go to the places you wouldn't usually go.
279
762855
1978
Kui olete juhendaja erakoolis,
12:56
If you enroll in
private high school tutoring,
private high school tutoring,
280
764833
2163
12:58
go to your local state school
281
766996
1467
minge kohalikku tavakooli
13:00
or maybe just drop into your
local refugee tutoring center.
local refugee tutoring center.
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või astuge läbi piirkonna
põgenikekeskusest.
põgenikekeskusest.
13:03
Or perhaps you work at an office.
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Või äkki töötate kuskil kontoris
Võtke see praktikant,
kes üldse ei tundu sobivat -
kes üldse ei tundu sobivat -
13:05
Take out that new grad who looks
totally out of place --
totally out of place --
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13:08
'cause that was me --
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ma ise olin just selline -
13:09
and open doors for them,
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ja avage neile uksi,
mitte ainult näitamise pärast,
sest me ei vaja haletsust,
sest me ei vaja haletsust,
13:11
not in a tokenistic way,
because we're not victims,
because we're not victims,
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13:13
but show them the opportunities
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vaid näidake neile võimalusi,
13:15
because opening up your world
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sest oma maailma avamine
13:18
will make you realize that
you have access to doors
you have access to doors
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paneb teid mõistma,
et teil on juurdepääs ustele,
et teil on juurdepääs ustele,
mille olemasolust neil polnud aimugi
13:20
that they didn't even know existed
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ja teie ei teadnudki,
et nad ligi ei pääse.
et nad ligi ei pääse.
13:22
and you didn't even know
they didn't have.
they didn't have.
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13:25
Ladies and gentlemen,
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Daamid ja härrad,
13:28
there is a problem in our community
with lack of opportunity,
with lack of opportunity,
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meie ühiskonna probleemiks
on võimaluste vähesus
on võimaluste vähesus
seda eelkõige teadvustamata
eelarvemuste tõttu
eelarvemuste tõttu
13:31
especially due to unconscious bias.
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13:33
But each and every one one of you
has the potential to change that.
has the potential to change that.
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Kuid igaühe võimuses on seda muuta.
13:37
I know you've been given a lot
of challenges today,
of challenges today,
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Ma tean, et teile on täna
esitatud palju väljakutseid.
esitatud palju väljakutseid.
13:40
but if you can take this one piece
and think about it a little differently,
and think about it a little differently,
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aga kui te võtaksite ette selle ühe asja
ja vaataksite selle peale veidi teisiti,
13:44
because diversity is magic.
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sest mitmekesisus on imeline.
13:47
And I encourage you to look past
your initial perceptions
your initial perceptions
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Ja ma õhutan teid mööda vaatama
oma esmamuljest,
oma esmamuljest,
13:51
because I bet you,
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sest ma võin kihla vedada,
13:53
they're probably wrong.
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et need olid vist valed.
13:55
Thank you.
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Aitäh!
(Aplaus)
13:57
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Yassmin Abdel-Magied - Mechanical engineer, social advocateYassmin Abdel-Magied wears many hats, including a hijab. She's a mechanical engineer, writer and activist who campaigns for tolerance and diversity.
Why you should listen
Yassmin Abdel-Magied is on a mission to promote diversity throughout society, however and wherever she can. Born in Sudan, she moved to Australia when she was two years old, and trained as a mechanical engineer. She now spends her time both working as an engineering specialist on oil and gas rigs -- and heading up Youth Without Borders, the organization she founded to enable young people to work for positive change in their communities.
Named the 2015 Queensland Young Australian of the Year, Yassmin advocates for the empowerment of youth, women and those from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. In 2007, she was named Young Australian Muslim of the Year. She also really like motorsports.
Yassmin Abdel-Magied | Speaker | TED.com