TEDSummit
Christopher Soghoian: Your smartphone is a civil rights issue
Christopher Soghoian: O teu teléfono intelixente é un asunto de dereitos civís
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O teléfono intelixente que usas reflite máis ca un gusto persoal... tamén podería determinar como de cerca podes ser rastrexado. O experto en privacidade e TED Fellow Christopher Soghoian explícanos unha notoria diferenza entre a encriptación utilizada polos dispositivos de Apple e Android, e ínstanos a prestar atención á crecente fenda de seguridade dixital. " Se os únicos que poden protexerse da mirada do goberno son os ricos e poderosos, temos un problema", di el.
"Non é só un problema de ciberseguridade - é un problema de dereitos civís."
Christopher Soghoian - Privacy researcher and activist
Christopher Soghoian researches and exposes the high-tech surveillance tools that governments use to spy on their own citizens, and he is a champion of digital privacy rights. Full bio
Christopher Soghoian researches and exposes the high-tech surveillance tools that governments use to spy on their own citizens, and he is a champion of digital privacy rights. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
In the spring of 2016,
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Na primavera de 2016,
00:15
a legal battle between Apple
and the Federal Bureau of Investigation
and the Federal Bureau of Investigation
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unha batalla legal entre Apple e o FBI
00:19
captured the world's attention.
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atraeu a atención do mundo.
00:21
Apple has built security features
into its mobile products
into its mobile products
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Apple construíu funcións de seguridade
nos seus produtos móbiles
nos seus produtos móbiles
00:24
which protect data on its devices
from everyone but the owner.
from everyone but the owner.
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que protexen a información dos dispositvos
contra calquera persoa agás o dono.
contra calquera persoa agás o dono.
00:28
That means that criminals, hackers
and yes, even governments
and yes, even governments
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Iso significa que delincuentes,
hackers e, si, incluso o goberno
hackers e, si, incluso o goberno
00:33
are all locked out.
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teñen o acceso broqueado.
00:35
For Apple's customers,
this is a great thing.
this is a great thing.
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Para os clientes de Apple
é unha gran cousa.
é unha gran cousa.
00:38
But governments are not so happy.
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Pero os gobernos non están tan felices.
00:41
You see, Apple has made
a conscious decision
a conscious decision
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Apple tomou unha decisión consciente
00:43
to get out of the surveillance business.
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para eludir o negocio da vixilancia.
00:46
Apple has tried to make surveillance
as difficult as possible
as difficult as possible
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Apple intentou facer a vixilancia
tan dificil como fose posible
tan dificil como fose posible
00:49
for governments and any other actors.
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para os gobernos e outros actores.
00:53
There are really two
smartphone operating systems
smartphone operating systems
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En realidade, hai dous sistemas operativos
no mercado global
dos teléfonos intelixentes:
dos teléfonos intelixentes:
00:56
in the global smartphone market:
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00:57
iOS and Android.
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iOS e Android.
00:59
iOS is made by Apple.
Android is made by Google.
Android is made by Google.
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iOs desenvolveuno Apple.
Android desenvolveuno Google.
Android desenvolveuno Google.
01:03
Apple has spent a lot of time and money
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Apple gastou moito tempo e diñeiro
01:06
to make sure that its products
are as secure as possible.
are as secure as possible.
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en asegurarse de que o seu produto
fose tan seguro como fose posible.
fose tan seguro como fose posible.
01:10
Apple encrypts all data
stored on iPhones by default,
stored on iPhones by default,
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Apple encripta por defecto
toda a información gardada nos iPhones;
toda a información gardada nos iPhones;
01:13
and text messages sent from one
Apple customer to another Apple customer
Apple customer to another Apple customer
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e os mensaxes de texto enviados
entre os seus clidentes
entre os seus clidentes
01:17
are encrypted by default
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son encriptados por defecto
01:19
without the user having
to take any actions.
to take any actions.
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sen que o usuario faga
cousa ningunha.
cousa ningunha.
01:22
What this means is that,
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O que isto significa é que,
01:24
if the police seize an iPhone
and it has a password,
and it has a password,
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se a policia incauta un iPhone
e este ten un contrasinal,
e este ten un contrasinal,
01:28
they'll have a difficult time
getting any data off of it,
getting any data off of it,
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pasarán uns días difíciles
para extraer calquera información del,
para extraer calquera información del,
01:32
if they can do it at all.
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no caso de que o consigan.
01:34
In contrast, the security of Android
just really isn't as good.
just really isn't as good.
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Pola contra, a seguridade de Android
non é tan boa.
non é tan boa.
01:38
Android phones, or at least
most of the Android phones
most of the Android phones
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Os teléfonos Android,
ou polo menos a maioria
ou polo menos a maioria
01:41
that have been sold to consumers,
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dos vendioos aos consumidores,
non encriptan por defecto
a información gardada no dispositivo,
a información gardada no dispositivo,
01:43
do not encrypt data stored
on the device by default,
on the device by default,
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01:46
and the built-in text messaging app
in Android does not use encryption.
in Android does not use encryption.
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e a aplicación de mensaxes que Android
incorpora non usa encriptación.
incorpora non usa encriptación.
01:51
So if the police seize an Android phone,
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Así que se a policia incauta
un teléfono Android,
un teléfono Android,
01:54
chances are, they'll be able to get
all the data they want
all the data they want
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o máis probable é que poida obter
toda a información
toda a información
01:57
off of that device.
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que queira do dispositivo.
01:59
Two smartphones
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Dous teléfonos intelixentes
02:01
from two of the biggest
companies in the world;
companies in the world;
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de dúas das empresas
máis grandes do mundo;
máis grandes do mundo;
02:04
one that protects data by default,
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unha que protexe a información por defecto
02:06
and one that doesn't.
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e outra que non o fai.
02:08
Apple is a seller of luxury goods.
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Apple é un vendedor de artigos de luxo.
02:12
It dominates the high end of the market.
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Domina a gama alta do mercado.
02:14
And we would expect a manufacturer
of luxury goods to have products
of luxury goods to have products
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E sería de esperar que un fabricante
de artigos de luxo tivese produtos
de artigos de luxo tivese produtos
02:19
that include more features.
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que incluísen máis características.
02:21
But not everyone can afford an iPhone.
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Pero non todo o mundo
pode permitirse un iPhone.
pode permitirse un iPhone.
02:23
That's where Android
really, really dominates:
really, really dominates:
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Aí é onde Android realmente domina:
02:26
at the middle and low end of the market,
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as gamas media e baixa do mercado,
teléfonos intelixentes
para os mil cincocentos millóns de persoas
para os mil cincocentos millóns de persoas
02:29
smartphones for the billion
and a half people
and a half people
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02:32
who cannot or will not spend
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que non poden ou non gastarán
02:34
600 dollars on a phone.
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600 dólares nun telefono.
02:41
But the dominance of Android
has led to what I call
has led to what I call
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Pero o dominio de Android
leva ao que eu chamo
leva ao que eu chamo
02:47
the "digital security divide."
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a "fenda de seguridade dixital".
02:49
That is, there is now increasingly a gap
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É dicir, agora mesmo hai
unha distancia crecente
unha distancia crecente
02:52
between the privacy
and security of the rich,
and security of the rich,
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entre a privacidade
e a seguridade dos ricos,
e a seguridade dos ricos,
02:56
who can afford devices
that secure their data by default,
that secure their data by default,
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cuxos dispositivos
aseguran a información por defecto,
aseguran a información por defecto,
03:00
and of the poor,
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e a dos pobres,
03:01
whose devices do very little
to protect them by default.
to protect them by default.
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cuxos dispositivos, por defecto,
fan pouco por protexelos.
fan pouco por protexelos.
03:07
So, think of the average Apple customer:
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Entón, pensade no cliente medio de Apple:
03:12
a banker, a lawyer,
a doctor, a politician.
a doctor, a politician.
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un banqueiro, un avogado,
un médico, un político.
un médico, un político.
03:17
These individuals now increasingly have
smartphones in their pockets
smartphones in their pockets
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Cada vez máis estas persoas
teñen nos petos teléfonos
teñen nos petos teléfonos
03:22
that encrypt their calls,
their text messages,
their text messages,
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que encriptan as súas chamadas,
as súas mensaxes,
as súas mensaxes,
03:26
all the data on the device,
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toda a información do aparello,
03:27
without them doing really anything
to secure their information.
to secure their information.
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sen que eles fagan nada
para asegurar a súa información
para asegurar a súa información
03:32
In contrast, the poor
and the most vulnerable in our societies
and the most vulnerable in our societies
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Pola contra, os pobres
e os máis vulnerables na nosa sociedade
e os máis vulnerables na nosa sociedade
03:36
are using devices that leave them
completely vulnerable to surveillance.
completely vulnerable to surveillance.
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usan dispositivos que os deixan
completamente expostos á vixilancia.
completamente expostos á vixilancia.
03:43
In the United States, where I live,
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Nos EE.UU., onde vivo,
03:45
African-Americans are more likely
to be seen as suspicious
to be seen as suspicious
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os afroamericanos teñen máis risco
de ser vistos como sospeitosos
de ser vistos como sospeitosos
03:49
or more likely to be profiled,
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ou de seren identificados,
03:51
and are more likely to be targeted
by the state with surveillance.
by the state with surveillance.
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e teñen máis risco de ser obxectivo
de vixilancia por parte do Goberno.
de vixilancia por parte do Goberno.
03:56
But African-Americans
are also disproportionately likely
are also disproportionately likely
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Pero os afroamericanos
tenden tamén desproporcionadamente
tenden tamén desproporcionadamente
03:58
to use Android devices
that do nothing at all
that do nothing at all
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a usar aparellos con Android,
que non fai nada en absoluto
que non fai nada en absoluto
04:01
to protect them from that surveillance.
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para protexelos da vixilancia.
04:04
This is a problem.
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Éste é o problema.
04:07
We must remember
that surveillance is a tool.
that surveillance is a tool.
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Debemos recordar que a vixilancia
é unha ferramenta.
é unha ferramenta.
04:10
It's a tool used by those in power
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É unha ferramenta usada polos poderosos
04:13
against those who have no power.
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contra quen non ten poder.
04:17
And while I think it's absolutely great
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E mentres eu penso que é realmente bo
04:21
that companies like Apple
are making it easy for people to encrypt,
are making it easy for people to encrypt,
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que compañias como Apple
lle faciliten á xente encriptar,
lle faciliten á xente encriptar,
04:26
if the only people
who can protect themselves
who can protect themselves
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se as únicas persoas que poden protexerse
04:30
from the gaze of the government
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da espionaxe do Goberno
04:31
are the rich and powerful,
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son os ricos e poderosos,
04:33
that's a problem.
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temos un problema.
04:35
And it's not just a privacy
or a cybersecurity problem.
or a cybersecurity problem.
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E non é so un problema
de privacidade ou ciberseguridade.
de privacidade ou ciberseguridade.
04:39
It's a civil rights problem.
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É un problema de dereitos civís.
04:42
So the lack of default security in Android
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Así que a falta de seguridade
por defecto de Android
por defecto de Android
04:45
is not just a problem
for the poor and vulnerable users
for the poor and vulnerable users
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non é só un problema para os usuarios
pobres e vulnerables
pobres e vulnerables
04:51
who are depending on these devices.
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que dependen destes dispositivos.
04:53
This is actually a problem
for our democracy.
for our democracy.
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En realidade é un problema
para a nosa democracia
para a nosa democracia
04:56
I'll explain what I mean.
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Explicarei o que quero dicir.
04:58
Modern social movements
rely on technology --
rely on technology --
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Os movementos sociais modernos
dependen da tecnoloxía
dependen da tecnoloxía
05:01
from Black Lives Matter to the Arab Spring
to Occupy Wall Street.
to Occupy Wall Street.
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dende Black Lives Matter
á Primavera Árabe ou a Occupy Wall Street.
á Primavera Árabe ou a Occupy Wall Street.
05:07
The organizers of these movements
and the members of these movements
and the members of these movements
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Os organizadores destes movementos
e os membros destes movementos
e os membros destes movementos
05:11
increasingly communicate
and coordinate with smartphones.
and coordinate with smartphones.
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comunícanse e coordínanse
cada vez máis con teléfonos intelixentes.
cada vez máis con teléfonos intelixentes.
05:16
And so, naturally governments
that feel threatened by these movements
that feel threatened by these movements
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E naturalmente os gobernos que
se senten ameazados por estes movementos
se senten ameazados por estes movementos
05:20
will also target the organizers
and their smartphones.
and their smartphones.
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poñerán no seu punto de mira
aos organizadores e aos seus teléfonos.
aos organizadores e aos seus teléfonos.
05:25
Now, it's quite possible
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Entón, é bastante posible
05:27
that a future Martin Luther King
or a Mandela or a Gandhi
or a Mandela or a Gandhi
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que un futuro Martin Luther King
ou un Mandela ou un Gandhi
ou un Mandela ou un Gandhi
05:31
will have an iPhone and be protected
from government surveillance.
from government surveillance.
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teña un iPhone e estea protexido
da vixiancia do Goberno.
da vixiancia do Goberno.
Pero hai moitas máis probabilidades
05:36
But chances are,
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05:37
they'll probably have a cheap,
$20 Android phone in their pocket.
$20 Android phone in their pocket.
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de que teñan nos seus petos
un teléfono barato, de 20$, con Android.
un teléfono barato, de 20$, con Android.
05:42
And so if we do nothing
to address the digital security divide,
to address the digital security divide,
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Polo tanto se non facemos nada por abordar
a fenda de seguridade dixital,
a fenda de seguridade dixital,
05:46
if we do nothing to ensure
that everyone in our society
that everyone in our society
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se non facemos nada para asegurar
que todo o mundo na nosa sociedade
que todo o mundo na nosa sociedade
05:51
gets the same benefits of encryption
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ten os mesmos beneficios de encriptación
05:53
and is equally able to protect themselves
from surveillance by the state,
from surveillance by the state,
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e pode protexerse da mesma maneira
da vixilancia do Estado,
da vixilancia do Estado,
05:57
not only will the poor and vulnerable
be exposed to surveillance,
be exposed to surveillance,
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non só os pobres e vulnerables
estarán expostos á vixilancia,
estarán expostos á vixilancia,
senon que futuros movementos
de dereitos civís poderán ser destruídos
de dereitos civís poderán ser destruídos
06:02
but future civil rights
movements may be crushed
movements may be crushed
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06:05
before they ever reach
their full potential.
their full potential.
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antes incluso de que acaden
o seu máximo potencial.
o seu máximo potencial.
06:07
Thank you.
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Grazas.
06:09
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
06:15
Helen Walters: Chris, thank you so much.
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Helen Walters: Chris, moitas grazas.
06:17
I have a question for you.
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Teño unha pregunta pra ti.
06:19
We saw recently in the press
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Vimos hai pouco na prensa
06:21
that Mark Zuckerberg from Facebook
covers over his camera
covers over his camera
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que Mark Zuckerberg de Facebook
cobre a súa cámara
cobre a súa cámara
06:27
and does something
with his headphone mic jack.
with his headphone mic jack.
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e fai algo co micrófono do seu auricular.
06:30
So I wanted to ask you
a personal question, which is:
a personal question, which is:
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Por iso querría facerche
unha pregunta persoal:
unha pregunta persoal:
06:32
Do you do that?
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Ti tamén o fas?
06:33
And, on behalf of everyone
here, particularly myself,
here, particularly myself,
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E, de parte de todos,
particularmente de min,
particularmente de min,
06:36
Should we be doing that?
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deberiamos facelo nós?
06:37
Should we be covering these things?
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Deberiamos tapar esas cousas?
06:39
Christopher Soghoian: Putting a sticker --
actually, I like Band-Aids,
actually, I like Band-Aids,
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Christopher Soghoian: Poñer un adhesivo
--en realidade, eu prefiro apósitos
--en realidade, eu prefiro apósitos
06:43
because you can remove them
and put them back on
and put them back on
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porque podes quitalos e volvelos poñer
06:46
whenever you want to make
a call or a Skype call.
a call or a Skype call.
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cando queras facer unha chamada
ou usar Skype--.
ou usar Skype--.
06:48
Putting a sticker over your web cam
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Poñer unha pegatina na cámara web
06:50
is probably the best thing
you can do for your privacy
you can do for your privacy
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é posiblemente o mellor
que podes facer pola túa privacidade
que podes facer pola túa privacidade
06:52
in terms of bang for buck.
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en termos de prezo-calidade.
06:54
There really is malware,
malicious software out there
malicious software out there
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Hai software malicioso,
programas por aí adiante
programas por aí adiante
06:58
that can take over your web cam,
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que poden controlar a túa cámara web,
07:00
even without the light turning on.
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incluso sen prender o piloto luminoso.
07:02
This is used by criminals.
This is used by stalkers.
This is used by stalkers.
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Úsanos criminais.
Úsanos acosadores.
Úsanos acosadores.
07:05
You can buy $19.99 "spy
on your ex-girlfriend" software online.
on your ex-girlfriend" software online.
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Podes comprar un software online
de "espía a túa ex-moza" por 19,99$.
de "espía a túa ex-moza" por 19,99$.
07:10
It's really terrifying.
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É realmente terrorífico.
07:11
And then, of course,
it's used by governments.
it's used by governments.
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E, por suposto, úsano os gobernos.
07:14
And there's obviously
a sexual violence component to this,
a sexual violence component to this,
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E obviamente hai un compoñente
de violencia sexual nisto,
de violencia sexual nisto,
07:17
which is that this kind of surveillance
can be used most effectively
can be used most effectively
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polo que este tipo de vixilancia
poder ser usada con máis efectividade
poder ser usada con máis efectividade
07:20
against women and other people
who can be shamed in our society.
who can be shamed in our society.
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contra mulleres e outras persoas que poden
ser avergonzadas na nosa sociedade.
ser avergonzadas na nosa sociedade.
Incluso se pensas
que non tes nada que esconder,
que non tes nada que esconder,
07:28
Even if you think
you have nothing to hide,
you have nothing to hide,
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07:30
at the very least, if you have
children, teenagers in your lives,
children, teenagers in your lives,
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polo menos, se tes fillos,
rapaces na túa vida,
rapaces na túa vida,
07:35
make sure you put a sticker
on their camera and protect them.
on their camera and protect them.
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asegúrate de poñer un adhesivo
na camara e protexelos.
na camara e protexelos.
07:38
HW: Wow. Thank you so much.
CS: Thank you.
CS: Thank you.
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HW: Uau. Moitas grazas.
CS: Grazas a ti.
CS: Grazas a ti.
07:40
HW: Thanks, Chris.
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HW: Grazas, Chris.
07:41
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Christopher Soghoian - Privacy researcher and activistChristopher Soghoian researches and exposes the high-tech surveillance tools that governments use to spy on their own citizens, and he is a champion of digital privacy rights.
Why you should listen
TED Fellow Christopher Soghoian is a champion of digital privacy rights, with a focus on the role that third-party service providers play in enabling governments to monitor citizens. As the principal technologist at the American Civil Liberties Union, he explores the intersection of federal surveillance and citizen's rights.
Before joining the ACLU, he was the first-ever technologist for the Federal Trade Commision's Division of Privacy and Identity Protection, where he worked on investigations of Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and Netflix. Soghoian is also the creator of Do Not Track, an anti-tracking device that all major web browsers now use, and his work has been cited in court.
Christopher Soghoian | Speaker | TED.com