TEDGlobal 2010
Marcel Dicke: Why not eat insects?
Marcel Dicke: Zašto ne jesti insekte?
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Marcel Dicke iznosi ukusan slučaj dodavanja insekata svačijoj ishrani. Njegova poruka gadljivim kuharima i gurmanima: delikatese poput skakavaca i gusjenica se natječu s mesom u okusu, hranjivosti i ekološkoj prihvatljivosti.
Marcel Dicke - Ecological entomologist
Marcel Dicke wants us to reconsider our relationship with insects, promoting bugs as a tasty -- and ecologically sound -- alternative to meat in an increasingly hungry world. Full bio
Marcel Dicke wants us to reconsider our relationship with insects, promoting bugs as a tasty -- and ecologically sound -- alternative to meat in an increasingly hungry world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Okay, I'm going to show you
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Dobro, pokazat ću vam
00:18
again something about our diets.
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ponovno nešto o našim ishranama.
00:21
And I would like to know what the audience is,
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Stoga bih volio znati kakva je publika?
00:24
and so who of you ever ate insects?
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Tko je od vas ikada jeo insekte?
00:29
That's quite a lot.
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To je prilično mnogo.
00:31
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:33
But still, you're not representing
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Ali ipak, ne predstavljate
00:35
the overall population of the Earth.
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čitavu populaciju Zemlje.
00:37
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:39
Because there's 80 percent out there that really eats insects.
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Jer 80% njih tamo vani doista jede insekte.
00:42
But this is quite good.
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Ali ovo je prilično dobro.
00:45
Why not eat insects? Well first, what are insects?
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Zašto ne jesti insekte? No, prvo, što su insekti?
00:48
Insects are animals that walk around on six legs.
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Insekti su životinje sa šest noga koje hodaju uokolo.
00:51
And here you see just a selection.
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Ovdje vidite samo dio.
00:53
There's six million species of insects on this planet,
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Postoji šest milijuna vrsta insekata na ovoj planeti,
00:56
six million species.
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šest milijuna vrsta.
00:58
There's a few hundreds of mammals --
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Postoji nekoliko stotina sisavaca --
01:00
six million species of insects.
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šest milijuna vrsta insekata.
01:03
In fact, if we count all the individual organisms,
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U stvari, kada bi brojili sve pojedinačne organizme,
01:06
we would come at much larger numbers.
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došli bi do puno većih brojki.
01:09
In fact, of all animals on Earth,
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U stvari, od svih životinja na Zemlji,
01:12
of all animal species,
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od svih životinjskih vrsta,
01:14
80 percent walks on six legs.
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80 posto njih hoda na šest noga.
01:16
But if we would count all the individuals,
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Ali kad bi izbrojali sve pojedinačno,
01:19
and we take an average weight of them,
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i uzeli njihovu prosječnu težinu,
01:21
it would amount to something like 200 to 2,000 kilograms
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dosegla bi negdje između 200 i 2.000 kg
01:24
for each of you and me on Earth.
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za svakog od nas na Zemlji.
01:27
That means that in terms of biomass,
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To znači da u pogledu biomase
01:29
insects are more abundant than we are,
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insekata ima u većem izobilju od nas.
01:32
and we're not on a planet of men,
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I mi se ne nalazimo na planetu ljudi,
01:34
but we're on a planet of insects.
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već smo na planetu insekata.
01:37
Insects are not only there in nature,
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Insekti se ne nalaze samo u prirodi,
01:39
but they also are involved in our economy,
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oni su isto tako uključeni u našu ekonomiju,
01:41
usually without us knowing.
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najčešće bez našeg znanja.
01:43
There was an estimation,
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Postoji procjena,
01:45
a conservative estimation, a couple of years ago
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konzervativna procjena, od prije par godina
01:47
that the U.S. economy
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da se gospodarstvo SAD-a
01:49
benefited by 57 billion
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okoristilo s 57 milijardi
01:52
dollars per year.
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dolara na godinu.
01:54
It's a number -- very large --
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To je brojka -- jako velika --
01:57
a contribution to the economy of the United States for free.
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besplatan doprinos gospodarstvu SAD-a.
02:00
And so I looked up what the economy was paying
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I stoga sam pogledao koliko je gospodarstvo plaćalo
02:03
for the war in Iraq
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rat u Iraku
02:05
in the same year.
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te iste godine.
02:07
It was 80 billion U.S. dollars.
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Bilo je 80 milijardi američkih dolara.
02:09
Well we know that that
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Znamo da to
02:11
was not a cheap war.
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nije bio jeftin rat.
02:13
So insects, just for free,
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Dakle, insekti besplatno
02:15
contribute to the economy of the United States
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doprinose gospodarstvu SAD-a
02:17
with about the same order of magnitude,
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s približnom istim redom veličine
02:20
just for free, without everyone knowing.
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sasvim besplatno, bez ičijeg znanja.
02:22
And not only in the States,
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I ne samo u SAD-u,
02:24
but in any country, in any economy.
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već u svakoj zemlji, u svakom gospodarstvu.
02:26
What do they do?
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Što oni rade?
02:28
They remove dung, they pollinate our crops.
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Uklanjaju gnojivo, oprašuju naše usjeve.
02:30
A third of all the fruits that we eat
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Trećina sveg voća koje jedemo
02:32
are all a result
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su rezultat
02:34
of insects taking care of the reproduction of plants.
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insekata koji vode brigu o reprodukciji biljaka.
02:37
They control pests,
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Kontroliraju nametnike.
02:39
and they're food for animals.
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I oni su hrana za životinje.
02:41
They're at the start of food chains.
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Oni su na početku prehrambenog lanca.
02:43
Small animals eat insects.
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Male životinje jedu insekte.
02:45
Even larger animals eat insects.
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Čak i veće životinje jedu insekte.
02:47
But the small animals that eat insects
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Ali male životinje koje jedu insekte
02:49
are being eaten by larger animals,
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pojedu veće životinje,
02:51
still larger animals.
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još veće životinje.
02:53
And at the end of the food chain, we are eating them as well.
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A na kraju prehrambenog lanca, mi, također, pojedemo i njih.
02:57
There's quite a lot of people that are eating insects.
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Ima poprilično mnogo ljudi koji jedu insekte.
02:59
And here you see me
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I ovdje me možete vidjeti
03:01
in a small, provincial town in China, Lijiang --
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u malom, provincijskom gradu u Kini, Lijiang --
03:03
about two million inhabitants.
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oko dva milijuna stanovnika.
03:05
If you go out for dinner, like in a fish restaurant,
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Ako odete van na večeru, kao u riblji restoran,
03:08
where you can select which fish you want to eat,
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gdje možete odabrati kakvu ribu želite jesti,
03:11
you can select which insects you would like to eat.
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također možete odabrati koje insekte bi voljeli jesti.
03:13
And they prepare it in a wonderful way.
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A oni ih pripreme na prekrasan način.
03:15
And here you see me enjoying a meal
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A ovdje me možete vidjeti kako uživam u obroku
03:17
with caterpillars, locusts,
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s gusjenicama, skakavcima,
03:20
bee pupae -- delicacies.
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pčelama, [nejasno] poslasticama.
03:23
And you can eat something new everyday.
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I možete jesti nešto novo svaki dan.
03:26
There's more than 1,000 species of insects
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Postoji više od 1.000 vrsta insekata
03:29
that are being eaten all around the globe.
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koji se jedu svuda po kugli zemaljskoj.
03:32
That's quite a bit more
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To je prilično više
03:34
than just a few mammals that we're eating,
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od samo nekoliko sisavaca koje jedemo,
03:36
like a cow or a pig
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poput krave ili svinje
03:38
or a sheep.
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ili ovce.
03:40
More than 1,000 species --
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Više od 1.000 vrsta --
03:42
an enormous variety.
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ogromna raznovrsnost.
03:45
And now you may think, okay,
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I sada možda mislite, dobro,
03:47
in this provincial town in China they're doing that, but not us.
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u tom provincijskom gradu u Kini to rade, ali ne mi.
03:50
Well we've seen already that quite some of you
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Već smo vidjeli kako je popriličan broj nekih od vas
03:52
already ate insects maybe occasionally,
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možda povremeno već jeo insekte.
03:55
but I can tell you that every one of you
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Ali mogu vam reći da svi vi
03:57
is eating insects, without any exception.
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jedete insekte, bez ikakve iznimke.
04:00
You're eating at least
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Jedete barem
04:02
500 grams per year.
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500 grama godišnje.
04:04
What are you eating?
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Što jedete?
04:06
Tomato soup, peanut butter,
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Juhu od rajčice, maslac od kikirikija,
04:08
chocolate, noodles --
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čokoladu, rezance --
04:10
any processed food that you're eating
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sva obrađena hrana koju jedete
04:12
contains insects,
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sadrži insekte,
04:14
because insects are here all around us,
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jer insekti su svuda ovdje oko nas,
04:17
and when they're out there in nature
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a kada su vani u prirodi,
04:19
they're also in our crops.
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nalaze se i u našim usjevima.
04:21
Some fruits get some insect damage.
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Neko voće ima oštećenje od insekata.
04:24
Those are the fruits, if they're tomato,
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To je voće, ako su to rajčice,
04:26
that go to the tomato soup.
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one idu u juhu za rajčice.
04:28
If they don't have any damage, they go to the grocery.
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Ako nemaju nikakvih oštećenja, idu u trgovinu s namjernicama.
04:31
And that's your view of a tomato.
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I to je vaš pogled na rajčicu.
04:34
But there's tomatoes that end up in a soup,
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Ali postoje i rajčice koje završe u juhi.
04:37
and as long as they meet
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I, sve dok udovoljavaju
04:39
the requirements of the food agency,
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zahtjevima agencije za hranu,
04:42
there can be all kinds of things in there,
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unutra mogu biti svakakve stvari,
04:44
no problem.
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bez problema.
04:46
In fact, why would we put these balls in the soup,
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U biti, zašto bi stavili ove okruglice u juhu,
04:49
there's meat in there anyway?
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ionako je unutra meso?
04:51
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:55
In fact, all our processed foods
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U biti, sva naša obrađena hrana
04:57
contain more proteins
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sadrži više proteina
04:59
than we would be aware of.
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nego smo mi toga svjesni.
05:03
So anything is a good protein source already.
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Dakle, sve je već izvor proteina.
05:06
Now you may say,
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Mogli biste sada reći,
05:08
"Okay, so we're eating 500 grams just by accident."
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"Dobro, jedemo 500 grama sasvim slučajno."
05:11
We're even doing this on purpose.
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Neke stvari čak i namjerno radimo
05:13
In a lot of food items that we have --
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s mnogim prehrambenim namjernicama koje imamo.
05:15
I have only two items
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Ja imam samo dvije namjernice
05:17
here on the slide --
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ovdje na prikazu --
05:19
pink cookies or surimi sticks
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ružičasti kolačići ili surimi štapići
05:21
or, if you like, Campari --
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ili, ako želite, Campari.
05:23
a lot of our food products that are of a red color
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Mnogo naših prehrambenih proizvoda koji su crvene boje
05:26
are dyed with a natural dye.
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su obojani s prirodnom bojom.
05:29
The surimi sticks
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Surimi štapići
05:31
[of] crabmeat, or is being sold as crab meat,
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su meso rakovice, ili se samo prodaju kao meso rakovice,
05:33
is white fish
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jer to je bijela riba
05:35
that's being dyed with cochineal.
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koja je obojana košenilom.
05:37
Cochineal is a product
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Košenil je proizvod
05:39
of an insect that lives off these cacti.
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insekta koji živi daleko od kaktusa.
05:42
It's being produced in large amounts,
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Proizvodi se u velikim količinama,
05:45
150 to 180 metric tons per year
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150 do 180 metričkih tona godišnje,
05:48
in the Canary Islands in Peru,
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na Kanarskim Otocima u Peru-u,
05:51
and it's big business.
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i predstavlja velik posao.
05:53
One gram of cochineal
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Jedan gram košenila
05:56
costs about 30 euros.
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stoji oko 30 eura.
05:58
One gram of gold
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Jedan gram zlata
06:01
is 30 euros.
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je 30 eura.
06:04
So it's a very precious thing
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To je veoma dragocjena stvar
06:07
that we're using to dye our foods.
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koju koristimo za bojanje naše hrane.
06:10
Now the situation in the world is going to change
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Situacija u svijetu će se promijeniti,
06:13
for you and me, for everyone on this Earth.
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za vas i mene, za sve na Zemlji.
06:15
The human population is growing very rapidly
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Ljudska populacija raste jako brzo
06:18
and is growing exponentially.
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i raste eksponencijalno.
06:20
Where, at the moment, we have
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Dok sada, u ovom trenutku, imamo
06:22
something between six and seven billion people,
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negdje između šest i sedam milijardi ljudi,
06:24
it will grow to about nine billion
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narast će do oko devet milijardi
06:26
in 2050.
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u 2050.
06:29
That means that we have a lot more mouths to feed,
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To znači da imamo puno više ustiju koje moramo nahraniti.
06:32
and this is something that worries more and more people.
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A to je nešto što brine sve više i više ljudi.
06:35
There was an FAO conference last October
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Prošlog listopada održana je FAO konferencija
06:37
that was completely devoted to this.
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koja je bila u potpunosti posvećena tome.
06:39
How are we going to feed this world?
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Kako ćemo nahraniti ovaj svijet?
06:41
And if you look at the figures up there,
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I ako pogledate brojke tamo gore,
06:43
it says that we have a third more mouths to feed,
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govore kako imamo za trećinu više ustiju za nahraniti,
06:46
but we need an agricultural production increase
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i trebamo porast agrikulturalne proizvodnje
06:48
of 70 percent.
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od 70 posto.
06:50
And that's especially because this world population
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A to je posebno jer se ova svjetska populacija
06:52
is increasing,
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povećava,
06:54
and it's increasing, not only in numbers,
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i povećava se, i ne samo u brojkama,
06:57
but we're also getting wealthier,
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već postajemo bogatiji,
07:00
and anyone that gets wealthier starts to eat more
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a svatko tko postaje bogatiji počinje jesti više
07:03
and also starts to eat more meat.
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i, također, počinje jesti više mesa.
07:06
And meat, in fact, is something
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A meso, u biti, je nešto
07:08
that costs a lot
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što predstavlja velik trošak
07:10
of our agricultural production.
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za našu agrikulturalnu proizvodnju.
07:12
Our diet consists, [in] some part, of animal proteins,
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Naša ishrana se dijelom sastoji od životinjskih proteina,
07:15
and at the moment, most of us here
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a trenutno, većina nas ovdje
07:17
get it from livestock,
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ih dobivamo od stoke,
07:19
from fish, from game.
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ribe, divljači.
07:21
And we eat quite a lot of it.
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I jedemo poprilično mnogo toga.
07:23
In the developed world it's on average
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U razvijenom svijetu je to, u prosjeku,
07:26
80 kilograms per person per year,
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80 kg po osobi godišnje,
07:29
which goes up to 120
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a penje se čak do 120
07:31
in the United States
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u SAD-u
07:33
and a bit lower in some other countries,
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i malo manje u nekim drugim zemljama,
07:35
but on average 80 kilograms
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ali u prosjeku, 80 kg
07:37
per person per year.
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po osobi godišnje.
07:39
In the developing world it's much lower.
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U zemljama u razvoju to je puno manje.
07:42
It's 25 kilograms per person per year.
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To iznosi 25 kg po osobi godišnje.
07:44
But it's increasing enormously.
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Ali povećava se nevjerojatno.
07:46
In China in the last 20 years,
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U Kini se u posljednjih 20 godina,
07:48
it increased from 20 to 50,
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povećalo s 20 na 50,
07:51
and it's still increasing.
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i još se uvijek povećava.
07:54
So if a third of the world population
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Dakle, ako trećina svjetske populacije
07:57
is going to increase its meat consumption
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poveća svoju konzumaciju mesa
08:00
from 25 to 80 on average,
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s 25 na 80 u prosjeku,
08:03
and a third of the world population
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a trećina svjetske populacije
08:05
is living in China and in India,
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živi u Kini i Indiji,
08:07
we're having an enormous demand on meat.
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imamo ogromnu potražnju za mesom.
08:11
And of course, we are not there to say
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I, naravno, nećemo reći,
08:13
that's only for us, it's not for them.
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to je samo za nas, nije za njih.
08:16
They have the same share that we have.
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Oni imaju isti udio kao i mi.
08:18
Now to start with, I should say
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Započeo bih s tvrdnjom
08:20
that we are eating way too much meat
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kako jedemo previše mesa
08:22
in the Western world.
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u zapadnom svijetu.
08:24
We could do with much, much less --
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Mogli bi uspijevati i s puno, puno manje --
08:26
and I know, I've been a vegetarian for a long time,
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a ja znam, vegetarijanac sam već jako dugo.
08:29
and you can easily do without anything.
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I lako možete uspjeti bez ičega.
08:31
You'll get proteins in any kind of food anyway.
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Ionako ćete dobiti proteine u bilo kojoj vrsti hrane.
08:34
But then there's a lot of problems
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Ali onda se pojavljuje mnogo problema
08:36
that come with meat production,
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koji dolaze s proizvodnjom mesa,
08:38
and we're being faced with that more and more often.
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a sve češće i češće se suočavamo s time.
08:41
The first problem that we're facing is human health.
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Prvi problem s kojim se suočavamo je ljudsko zdravlje.
08:44
Pigs are quite like us.
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Svinje su jako slične nama.
08:46
They're even models in medicine,
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One su čak i modeli u medicini.
08:49
and we can even transplant organs from a pig to a human.
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I možemo čak transplantirati neke organe svinje čovjeku.
08:52
That means that pigs also share diseases with us.
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To ujedno znači da svinje dijele bolesti s nama.
08:55
And a pig disease,
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A svinjska bolest,
08:57
a pig virus, and a human virus
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svinjski virus, i ljudski virus
08:59
can both proliferate,
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se oboje mogu razmnožiti.
09:01
and because of their kind of reproduction,
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A zbog njihovog načina razmnožavanja,
09:03
they can combine and produce a new virus.
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mogu se spojiti i proizvesti novi virus.
09:05
This has happened in the Netherlands in the 1990s
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To se dogodilo 1990-ih u Nizozemskoj
09:08
during the classical swine fever outbreak.
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tijekom izbijanja klasične svinjske gripe.
09:11
You get a new disease that can be deadly.
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Dobijete novu bolest koja može biti smrtonosna.
09:15
We eat insects -- they're so distantly related from us
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Kada jedemo insekte -- oni su u dalekom srodstvu od nas,
09:18
that this doesn't happen.
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tako da imamo osjećaj kao da se to ne događa.
09:20
So that's one point for insects.
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Dakle, to je jedan bod za insekte.
09:23
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
09:25
And there's the conversion factor.
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A tu je i čimbenik pretvorbe.
09:28
You take 10 kilograms of feed,
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Uzmete 10 kg stočne hrane,
09:30
you can get one kilogram of beef,
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dobijete jedan kg govedine,
09:33
but you can get nine kilograms of locust meat.
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ali možete dobiti devet kg skakavčevog mesa.
09:35
So if you would be an entrepreneur,
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Kad biste bili poduzetnik,
09:37
what would you do?
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što biste napravili?
09:39
With 10 kilograms of input,
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S 10 kg ulaznih jedinica,
09:41
you can get either one or nine kg. of output.
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možete dobiti jedan ili devet kg izlaznih jedinica.
09:44
So far we're taking
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Do sada smo uzimali
09:46
the one, or up to five kilograms of output.
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jedan, ili do pet kg izlaznih jedinica.
09:49
We're not taking the bonus yet.
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Još uvijek ne uzimamo bonus.
09:51
We're not taking the nine kilograms of output yet.
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Još uvijek ne uzimamo devet kg izlaznih jedinica.
09:54
So that's two points for insects.
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Dakle, to su dva boda za insekte.
09:56
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
09:58
And there's the environment.
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A tu je i okoliš.
10:00
If we take 10 kilograms of food --
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Ako uzmemo 10 kg hrane --
10:02
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
10:04
and it results in one kilogram of beef,
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i to rezultira s jednim kilogramom govedine,
10:07
the other nine kilograms are waste,
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ostalih devet kg je otpad,
10:09
and a lot of that is manure.
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a velik dio toga je gnoj.
10:12
If you produce insects, you have less manure
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Ako proizvodite insekte, imate manje gnoja
10:14
per kilogram of meat that you produce.
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po kg mesa koje proizvodite.
10:17
So less waste.
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Stoga, manje otpada.
10:19
Furthermore, per kilogram of manure,
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Nadalje, po kg gnoja,
10:22
you have much, much less ammonia
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imate mnogo, mnogo manje amonijaka
10:25
and fewer greenhouse gases
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i manje stakleničkih plinova
10:27
when you have insect manure
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kada imate gnoj insekata
10:29
than when you have cow manure.
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nego kada imate gnoj krave.
10:31
So you have less waste,
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Dakle, imate manje otpada,
10:33
and the waste that you have is not as environmental malign
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a otpad koji imate nije koban za okoliš
10:36
as it is with cow dung.
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kao što je kravlje gnojivo.
10:38
So that's three points for insects.
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Dakle, to su tri boda za insekte.
10:40
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
10:43
Now there's a big "if," of course,
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Naravno, tu postoji veliko "ako",
10:45
and it is if insects produce meat
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a to je proizvode li insekti meso
10:48
that is of good quality.
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koje je dobre kvalitete.
10:50
Well there have been all kinds of analyses
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Napravljene su razne analize
10:52
and in terms of protein, or fat, or vitamins,
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u pogledu proteina, ili masnoće, ili vitamina,
10:55
it's very good.
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i uvijek je to bilo jako dobro.
10:57
In fact, it's comparable
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U biti, usporedivo je
10:59
to anything we eat as meat at the moment.
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sa svime što trenutno jedemo kao meso.
11:01
And even in terms of calories, it is very good.
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Čak i u pogledu kalorija je jako dobro.
11:03
One kilogram of grasshoppers
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Jedan kg skakavaca
11:05
has the same amount of calories
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ima istu količinu kalorija
11:07
as 10 hot dogs, or six Big Macs.
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kao 10 hot doga, ili šest Big Maca.
11:09
So that's four points for insects.
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Dakle, to su četiri boda za insekte.
11:11
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
11:14
I can go on,
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Mogu nastaviti,
11:16
and I could make many more points for insects,
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i mogao bih navesti još puno točaka u korist insekata,
11:18
but time doesn't allow this.
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ali vrijeme mi to ne dopušta.
11:20
So the question is, why not eat insects?
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Pitanje je, zašto ne jesti insekte?
11:22
I gave you at least four arguments in favor.
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Dat ću vam barem četiri argumenta u prilog tome.
11:24
We'll have to.
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Morat ćemo.
11:26
Even if you don't like it,
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Čak i ako vam se to ne sviđa,
11:28
you'll have to get used to this
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morat ćete se naviknuti na to.
11:30
because at the moment,
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Jer, trenutno,
11:32
70 percent of all our agricultural land
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70 posto svog našeg poljoprivrednog zemljišta
11:34
is being used to produce livestock.
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se koristi za uzgoj stoke.
11:36
That's not only the land
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To nije samo zemlja
11:38
where the livestock is walking and feeding,
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gdje stoka šeće i hrani se,
11:40
but it's also other areas
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to su ujedno i druga područja
11:42
where the feed is being produced and being transported.
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gdje se proizvodi i transportira stočna hrana.
11:45
We can increase it a bit
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Možemo je povećati
11:47
at the expense of rainforests,
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na štetu prašuma,
11:49
but there's a limitation very soon.
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ali ubrzo dolazimo do ograničenja.
11:51
And if you remember that we need to increase
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I ako pamtite kako trebamo povećati
11:53
agricultural production by 70 percent,
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poljoprivrednu proizvodnju za 70 posto,
11:55
we're not going to make it that way.
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nećemo to postići na taj način.
11:57
We could much better change
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Mogli bismo iskoristiti puno bolje
11:59
from meat, from beef,
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meso, pomakom od govedine,
12:02
to insects.
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na insekte.
12:04
And then 80 percent of the world
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A 80 posto svijeta
12:07
already eats insects,
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već jede insekte,
12:09
so we are just a minority --
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dakle, mi smo samo manjina --
12:11
in a country like the U.K., the USA,
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u zemlji poput VB, SAD-a,
12:14
the Netherlands, anywhere.
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Nizozemske, bilo gdje.
12:17
On the left-hand side, you see a market in Laos
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S lijeve strane možete vidjeti tržnicu u Laosu
12:19
where they have abundantly present
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gdje su u obilju prisutne
12:21
all kinds of insects that you choose for dinner for the night.
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sve vrste insekata koje možete odabrati za večeru tijekom noći.
12:26
On the right-hand side you see a grasshopper.
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S desne strane možete vidjeti skakavca.
12:28
So people there are eating them,
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Tamošnji ljudi ih jedu,
12:31
not because they're hungry,
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ne jer su gladni,
12:33
but because they think it's a delicacy.
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već jer ih smatraju poslasticama.
12:35
It's just very good food.
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To je jednostavno jako dobra hrana.
12:37
You can vary enormously.
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Imate jako veliku raznolikost.
12:39
It has many benefits.
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Ima mnogo pogodnosti.
12:41
In fact, we have delicacy
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Zapravo, imamo poslasticu
12:43
that's very much like this grasshopper:
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koja je jako nalik ovom skakavcu:
12:45
shrimps, a delicacy
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škampi, poslastica
12:48
being sold at a high price.
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koja se prodaje po visokoj cijeni.
12:50
Who wouldn't like to eat a shrimp?
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Tko ne bi volio jesti škampe?
12:52
There are a few people who don't like shrimp,
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Postoji nekoliko ljudi koji ne vole škampe,
12:54
but shrimp, or crabs,
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ali škamp, ili rakovi,
12:56
or crayfish,
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ili slatkovodni rak,
12:58
are very closely related.
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su jako blisko povezani.
13:00
They are delicacies.
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Oni su poslastice.
13:02
In fact, a locust is a "shrimp" of the land,
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Zapravo, skakavac je kopneni škamp,
13:05
and it would make very good into our diet.
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i dobro bi nam došao u našoj ishrani.
13:08
So why are we not eating insects yet?
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Zašto onda još uvijek ne jedemo insekte?
13:10
Well that's just a matter of mindset.
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Pa, to je samo stvar uma.
13:12
We're not used to it,
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Nismo naviknuti na to,
13:14
and we see insects as these organisms that are very different from us.
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i doživljavamo insekte kao organizme koji su jako različiti od nas.
13:17
That's why we're changing the perception of insects.
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Zato mijenjamo percepciju o insektima.
13:20
And I'm working very hard with my colleague, Arnold van Huis,
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I naporno radim sa svojim kolegom, Arnold van Huisom,
13:23
in telling people what insects are,
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govoreći ljudima što su insekti,
13:26
what magnificent things they are,
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kakve čudnovate stvari su to,
13:28
what magnificent jobs they do in nature.
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koje čudnovate poslove obavljaju u prirodi.
13:30
And in fact, without insects,
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I zapravo, bez insekata,
13:32
we would not be here in this room,
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mi ne bismo bili ovdje u ovoj prostoriji.
13:34
because if the insects die out,
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Jer kada bi insekti izumrli,
13:36
we will soon die out as well.
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mi bismo, također, brzo izumrli.
13:39
If we die out, the insects will continue very happily.
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Ako mi izumremo, insekti će puni sreće nastaviti.
13:42
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
13:44
So we have to get used to the idea of eating insects.
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Dakle, moramo se naviknuti na ideju jedenja insekata.
13:46
And some might think, well they're not yet available.
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I netko će pomisliti, pa, oni još nisu dostupni.
13:48
Well they are.
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Jesu.
13:50
There are entrepreneurs in the Netherlands that produce them,
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Postoje poduzetnici u Nizozemskoj koji ih proizvode,
13:53
and one of them is here in the audience,
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a jedan od njih je ovdje u publici,
13:55
Marian Peeters, who's in the picture.
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Marian Peeters, koji je na slici.
13:57
I predict that later this year, you'll get them in the supermarkets --
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Predviđam kako ćete ih kasnije ove godine naći u supermarketima --
14:00
not visible, but as animal protein
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ne vidljive, već kao životinjske proteine
14:02
in the food.
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u hrani.
14:06
And maybe by 2020,
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I možda, ćete ih do 2020.
14:09
you'll buy them just knowing that this is an insect that you're going to eat.
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jednostavno kupiti znajući kako je to insekt kojeg ćete pojesti.
14:12
And they're being made in the most wonderful ways.
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A oni su proizvedeni na najljepše načine.
14:15
A Dutch chocolate maker.
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Nizozemski proizvođač čokolade.
14:18
(Music)
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(Glazba)
14:55
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
14:57
So there's even a lot of design to it.
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Dakle, postoji i mnogo dizajniranja oko toga.
14:59
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
15:02
Well in the Netherlands, we have an innovative Minister of Agriculture,
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U Nizozemskoj, imamo inovativnu ministricu poljoprivrede,
15:05
and she puts the insects on the menu
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i ona stavlja insekte na jelovnik
15:07
in her restaurant in her ministry.
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u svom restoranu u svom ministarstvu.
15:10
And when she got all the Ministers of Agriculture of the E.U.
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A kada su joj došli svi ministri poljoprivrede EU-a
15:13
over to the Hague recently,
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u Haag nedavno,
15:16
she went to a high-class restaurant,
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ona ih je odvela u luksuzni restoran,
15:19
and they ate insects all together.
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i svi zajedno su jeli insekte.
15:21
It's not something that is a hobby of mine.
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To nije jedan od mojih hobija.
15:24
It's really taken off the ground.
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Doista je dobio polet.
15:26
So why not eat insects?
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Pa, zašto ne jesti insekte?
15:28
You should try it yourself.
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Morali biste ih sami probati.
15:30
A couple of years ago, we had 1,750 people all together
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Prije par godina, imali smo 1.750 ljudi okupljenih
15:33
in a square in Wageningen town,
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na trgu u gradu Wageningenu,
15:36
and they ate insects at the same moment,
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i jeli su insekte u isto vrijeme,
15:38
and this was still big, big news.
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i to je bila velika, velika vijest.
15:41
I think soon it will not be big news anymore when we all eat insects,
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Mislim kako ubrzo neće biti više velika vijest kada ćemo svi jesti insekte,
15:44
because it's just a normal way of doing.
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jer je to normalno.
15:46
So you can try it yourself today,
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Dakle, možete ih probati danas,
15:49
and I would say, enjoy.
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a ja ću reći uživajte.
15:52
And I'm going to show to Bruno some first tries,
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I pokazat ću Bruni prvih par pokušaja,
15:55
and he can have the first bite.
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i on može uzeti prvi zalogaj.
15:58
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
16:10
Bruno Giussani: Look at them first. Look at them first.
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Bruno Giussani: Prvo ih pogledajte. Prvo ih pogledajte.
16:13
Marcel Dicke: It's all protein.
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Marcel Dicke: Sve je to protein.
16:16
BG: That's exactly the same [one] you saw in the video actually.
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BG: To je zapravo isti onakav kakav ste vidjeli na videu.
16:19
And it looks delicious.
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I izgleda ukusno.
16:21
They just make it [with] nuts or something.
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Oni ih samo pripreme s orašastim voćem ili nečime.
16:24
MD: Thank you.
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MD: Hvala vam.
16:26
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Marcel Dicke - Ecological entomologistMarcel Dicke wants us to reconsider our relationship with insects, promoting bugs as a tasty -- and ecologically sound -- alternative to meat in an increasingly hungry world.
Why you should listen
Marcel Dicke likes challenging preconceptions. He demonstrated that plants, far from being passive, send SOS signals by emitting volatile substances when under attack by pests, attracting carnivorous insects to eat their enemies. Dicke opened a new field of research and won the NWO-Spinoza award, the Dutch Nobel prize. Now he wants to change Western minds about insects -- especially insects as food.
"People hate bugs, but without insects we might not even exist," he says. Dicke's PR crusade began in the 1990s, as a lecture series. Then his team made world headlines when they convinced 20,000 people to attend an insect-eating festival in Waginegen. Today, Dicke leads what he says is fast-growing research into insect agriculture, and predicts that insects will be on Dutch supermarket shelves this year. And does the former vegetarian eat bugs? "At least once a week. Locusts are nice cooked with garlic and herbs, served with rice or vegetables."
Read the UN's 2013 report, Edible Insects: Future Prospects for Food and Feed Security >>
Marcel Dicke | Speaker | TED.com