TEDIndia 2009
Shekhar Kapur: We are the stories we tell ourselves
Shekhar Kapur: Dongeng yang kita ceritakan
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Dari mana datangnya inspirasi kreatif? Di TEDIndia, sutradara Hollywood/Bollywood Shekhar Kapur ("Elizabeth," "Mr. India") menunjukkan sumber kreatifitasnya: kepanikan luar biasa. Ia berbagi cara paling manjur untuk memebebaskan pendongeng dalam diri kita masing-masing.
Shekhar Kapur - Director and writer
Shekhar Kapur is a visionary filmmaker and storyteller who works at the intersection of art, myth and activism. Full bio
Shekhar Kapur is a visionary filmmaker and storyteller who works at the intersection of art, myth and activism. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So, I was just asked to go and shoot this film called "Elizabeth."
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Saya diminta syuting film "Elizabeth,"
sambil membahas ikon Inggris agung ini
00:18
And we're all talking about this great English icon and saying,
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00:21
"She's a fantastic woman, she does everything.
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"Ia wanita fantastis, ia serba bisa.
00:23
How are we going to introduce her?"
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Bagaimana kita akan mengenalkannya?"
Kami mengunjungi studio,
produser, dan penulisnya,
produser, dan penulisnya,
00:25
So we went around the table with the studio and the producers and the writer,
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00:27
and they came to me and said, "Shekhar, what do you think?"
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...mereka bilang,
"Shekhar, menurutmu bagaimana?"
"Shekhar, menurutmu bagaimana?"
00:29
And I said, "I think she's dancing."
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Saya bilang, "Dia sedang menari."
00:32
And I could see everybody looked at me,
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Saya lihat semuanya memandang saya,
00:35
somebody said, "Bollywood."
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...seseorang bilang, "Bollywood."
00:37
The other said, "How much did we hire him for?"
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Lainnya bilang, "Dia dibayar berapa sih?"
00:39
And the third said, "Let's find another director."
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Orang ketiga bilang,
"Mari cari sutradara lain."
"Mari cari sutradara lain."
Saya pikir saya harus berubah.
00:42
I thought I had better change.
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00:44
So we had a lot of discussion on how to introduce Elizabeth,
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Kami banyak diskusi tentang
pengenalan Elizabeth.
pengenalan Elizabeth.
00:46
and I said, "OK, maybe I am too Bollywood.
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Saya bilang, "Baik,
mungkin saya terlalu Bollywood.
mungkin saya terlalu Bollywood.
00:49
Maybe Elizabeth, this great icon, dancing?
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Mungkinkah ikon Elizabeth ini menari?
Maksudmu apa?"
Maksudmu apa?"
00:51
What are you talking about?"
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00:53
So I rethought the whole thing,
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Jadi saya olah kembali ide ini,
00:55
and then we all came to a consensus.
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...dan kami sepakat.
00:57
And here was the introduction of this
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Ini cara kami memperkenalkan
00:59
great British icon called "Elizabeth."
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...ikon Inggris agung bernama "Elizabeth."
01:06
Leicester: May I join you, my lady?
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Leicester: Bolehkah saya bergabung, Putri?
01:18
Elizabeth: If it please you, sir.
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Elizabeth: Jika Anda mau, Tuan.
01:21
(Music)
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(Musik)
02:05
Shekhar Kapur: So she was dancing.
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Shekhar Kapur: Jadi ia menari.
02:07
So how many people who saw the film did not get
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Berapa orang yang melihat film ini
tidak mengerti...
tidak mengerti...
02:10
that here was a woman in love,
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...bahwa wanita ini jatuh cinta...
02:12
that she was completely innocent
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...bahwa dia sangat polos...
02:14
and saw great joy in her life, and she was youthful?
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...dan menikmati kebahagiaan
dalam kemudaannya?
dalam kemudaannya?
02:17
And how many of you did not get that?
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Berapa orang yang tak menangkap itu?
02:21
That's the power of visual storytelling,
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Itu kekuatan dongeng visual.
02:23
that's the power of dance, that's the power of music:
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Itu kekuatan dari tarian dan musik.
02:26
the power of not knowing.
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Kekuatan dari ketidaktahuan.
Saat menyutradarai film ini,
02:29
When I go out to direct a film,
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...setiap hari kami terlalu banyak
bersiap dan berpikir.
bersiap dan berpikir.
02:31
every day we prepare too much, we think too much.
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02:33
Knowledge becomes a weight upon wisdom.
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Pengetahuan menjadi beban
bukan kebijakan.
bukan kebijakan.
02:36
You know, simple words lost
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Kata-kata sederhana menghilang
seiring bertambahnya pengalaman.
seiring bertambahnya pengalaman.
02:38
in the quicksand of experience.
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02:42
So I come up, and I say,
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Jadi saya pikir,
"Apa yang akan saya lakukan hari ini?
"Apa yang akan saya lakukan hari ini?
02:44
"What am I going to do today?" I'm not going to do what I planned to do,
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Saya tidak akan melakukan rencana saya,
02:47
and I put myself into absolute panic.
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...lalu membuat diri sendiri sangat panik.
02:50
It's my one way of getting rid of my mind,
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Itu cara saya mengosongkan pikiran.
02:53
getting rid of this mind that says,
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Mengosongkan pikiran yang berkata...
"Kau tahu betul sedang apa.
02:55
"Hey, you know what you're doing. You know exactly what you're doing.
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Kau seorang sutradara
selama bertahun-tahun."
selama bertahun-tahun."
02:57
You're a director, you've done it for years."
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02:59
So I've got to get there
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Saya harus begitu,
dan benar-benar panik.
dan benar-benar panik.
03:01
and be in complete panic.
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Sebagai sikap simbolis, saya robek naskah.
03:03
It's a symbolic gesture. I tear up the script,
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03:05
I go and I panic myself, I get scared.
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Membuat diri sendiri panik.
03:08
I'm doing it right now; you can watch me. I'm getting nervous,
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Saya sedang panik saat ini.
Saya semakin gugup.
Saya semakin gugup.
Tidak tahu mau bilang apa, melakukan apa.
03:11
I don't know what to say, I don't know what I'm doing, I don't want to go there.
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Saya tidak mau ke sana.
03:14
And as I go there, of course, my A.D. says,
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Sekalinya masuk, A.D. saya berkata,
03:16
"You know what you're going to do, sir." I say, "Of course I do."
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"Anda tahu mau apa, Tuan?"
Saya berkata, "Tentu saja."
Saya berkata, "Tentu saja."
03:20
And the studio executives, they would say,
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Para eksekutif studio akan bilang,
"Lihat Shekhar. Dia sangat siap."
03:22
"Hey, look at Shekhar. He's so prepared."
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Di dalam, saya baru mendengarkan
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan...
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan...
03:24
And inside I've just been listening to Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan
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03:26
because he's chaotic.
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...karena ia kisruh.
03:28
I'm allowing myself to go into chaos
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Saya membuat diri saya kisruh.
Sebab jika tidak,
saya harap akan ada kebenaran.
saya harap akan ada kebenaran.
03:31
because out of chaos, I'm hoping some moments of truth will come.
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03:35
All preparation is preparation.
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Persiapan adalah persiapan.
03:37
I don't even know if it's honest.
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Saya tak tahu apakah itu jujur.
03:39
I don't even know if it's truthful.
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Saya bahkan tidak tahu apakah itu benar.
03:41
The truth of it all comes on the moment, organically,
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Kebenaran datang pada
waktunya secara alami,
waktunya secara alami,
03:44
and if you get five great moments
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...dan jika Anda mengalami
lima momen hebat...
lima momen hebat...
03:46
of great, organic stuff
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...yang bersifat alami...
03:48
in your storytelling, in your film,
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...dalam cerita Anda, dalam film...
03:50
your film, audiences will get it.
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...maka penonton Anda akan mengerti.
Saya mencari momen itu, berdiri di sana...
03:52
So I'm looking for those moments, and I'm standing there
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03:54
and saying, "I don't know what to say."
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...berkata, "Saya kehabisan kata-kata."
03:56
So, ultimately, everybody's looking at you,
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Akhirnya semua orang memandangimu,
03:58
200 people at seven in the morning
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...dua ratus orang, pukul 07:00...
...yang tiba seperempat jam
sebelumnya Anda...
sebelumnya Anda...
04:00
who got there at quarter to seven, and you arrived at seven,
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04:02
and everybody's saying,
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dan semua orang bilang,
"Apa yang pertama? Apa yang akan terjadi?"
04:04
"Hey. What's the first thing? What's going to happen?"
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04:06
And you put yourself into a state of panic
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Anda menjadi panik...
04:08
where you don't know, and so you don't know.
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...saat Anda tidak tahu,
maka tidak tahulah Anda.
maka tidak tahulah Anda.
04:11
And so, because you don't know,
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Dan karena ketidaktahuan...
04:13
you're praying to the universe because you're praying to the universe
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...Anda berdoa pada semesta,
dan karena itu...
dan karena itu...
04:16
that something -- I'm going to try and access the universe
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...sesuatu itu -- saya akan mencoba
mengakses semesta...
mengakses semesta...
04:19
the way Einstein -- say a prayer --
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...dengan cara Einstein -- berdoa --
04:21
accessed his equations,
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...mengakses persamaannya...
...dari sumber yang sama.
Saya mencari sumber yang sama...
Saya mencari sumber yang sama...
04:23
the same source. I'm looking for the same source
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...karena kreatifitas datang
dari sumber yang sama...
dari sumber yang sama...
04:26
because creativity comes from absolutely the same source
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04:28
that you meditate somewhere outside yourself,
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...dengan bermeditasi
di luar diri sendiri...
di luar diri sendiri...
04:30
outside the universe.
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...di luar semesta.
04:32
You're looking for something that comes and hits you.
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Mencari sesuatu yang datang menabrak.
04:34
Until that hits you, you're not going to do the first shot.
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Sampai tabrakan itu terjadi,
tidak akan ada syuting.
tidak akan ada syuting.
04:36
So what do you do?
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Jadi bagaimana?
Kata Cate, "Shekhar,
saya harus bagaimana?
saya harus bagaimana?
04:38
So Cate says, "Shekhar, what do you want me to do?"
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Saya menjawab, "Cate,
Anda maunya apa?" (Tawa)
Anda maunya apa?" (Tawa)
04:40
And I say, "Cate, what do you want to do?" (Laughter)
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04:43
"You're a great actor, and I like to give to my actors --
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"Anda aktor hebat, dan saya senang
membebaskan aktor saya.
membebaskan aktor saya.
04:46
why don't you show me what you want to do?"
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Lakukan apa yang Anda ingin lakukan."
04:48
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
04:50
What am I doing? I'm trying to buy time.
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Apa yang saya lakukan? Mengulur waktu.
Berusaha mengulur waktu.
04:52
I'm trying to buy time.
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Jadi hal pertama yang saya pelajari
dari mendongeng,
dari mendongeng,
04:54
So the first thing about storytelling that I learned,
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...dan yang saya lakukan setiap kali,
adalah panik.
adalah panik.
04:56
and I follow all the time is: Panic.
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04:58
Panic is the great access of creativity
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Kepanikan adalah akses
menuju kreatifitas...
menuju kreatifitas...
...karena itulah satu-satunya cara
mengosongkan pikiran.
mengosongkan pikiran.
05:01
because that's the only way to get rid of your mind.
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05:03
Get rid of your mind.
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Kosongkan pikiranmu.
05:05
Get out of it, get it out.
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Keluarlah. Keluarkan.
05:07
And let's go to the universe because
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Mari pulang ke semesta...
05:09
there's something out there that is more
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...karena ada sesuatu di sana yang lebih
05:11
truthful than your mind,
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benar daripada pikiran,
05:13
that is more truthful than your universe.
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yang lebih benar dari semestamu.
05:15
[unclear], you said that yesterday. I'm just repeating it
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[tak jelas], Anda mengatakannya kemarin. Saya hanya mengulangnya
05:17
because that's what I follow constantly
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karena itu yang selalu saya ikuti.
05:19
to find the shunyata somewhere, the emptiness.
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mencari kesunyatan, kekosongan.
05:22
Out of the emptiness comes a moment of creativity.
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Dari kekosongan datangnya momen kreatifitas.
05:25
So that's what I do.
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Itu cara saya.
05:27
When I was a kid -- I was about eight years old.
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Waktu masih anak-anak -- sekitar umur delapan tahun.
05:29
You remember how India was. There was no pollution.
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Ingat seperti apa India saat itu. Tak ada polusi.
05:32
In Delhi, we used to live -- we used to call it a chhat or the khota.
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Di Delhi, di mana kami tinggal -- kami menyebutnya chata atau khota.
05:36
Khota's now become a bad word. It means their terrace --
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Khota sekarang berkonotasi buruk. Artinya "teras mereka" --
05:39
and we used to sleep out at night.
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dan kami dulu tidur di luar.
05:41
At school I was being just taught about physics,
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Di sekolah saya hanya diajarkan fisika,
05:43
and I was told that
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dan diberitahu bahwa
05:46
if there is something that exists,
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jika ada sesuatu yang eksis
05:48
then it is measurable.
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maka dapat diukur.
05:51
If it is not measurable,
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Jika tak dapat diukur,
05:53
it does not exist.
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maka ia tak ada.
05:55
And at night I would lie out, looking at the unpolluted sky,
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Pada malam hari saya rebah di bawah langit jernih
05:58
as Delhi used to be at that time when I was a kid,
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sebagaimana Delhi dulu, semasa kanak-kanak saya,
06:01
and I used to stare at the universe and say,
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melototi semesta dan bilang,
06:04
"How far does this universe go?"
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"Sebesar apakah semesta?"
06:06
My father was a doctor.
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Ayah saya seorang dokter.
06:08
And I would think, "Daddy, how far does the universe go?"
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Saya akan berpikir, "Ayah, sebesar apakah semesta?"
06:11
And he said, "Son, it goes on forever."
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Katanya, "Nak, ia selamanya."
06:14
So I said, "Please measure forever
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Saya bilang, "Ukurlah selamanya
06:17
because in school they're teaching me
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karena di sekolah mereka mengajari
06:19
that if I cannot measure it, it does not exist.
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bahwa sesuatu yang tak terukur, tak ada.
06:22
It doesn't come into my frame of reference."
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Bagiku itu tak masuk akal."
06:25
So, how far does eternity go?
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Jadi seluas apakah keabadian?
06:27
What does forever mean?
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Apa artinya selamanya?
06:29
And I would lie there crying at night
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Pada malam hari saya akan menangis
06:32
because my imagination could not touch creativity.
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karena imajinasi saya tak mampu menyentuh kreatifitas.
06:35
So what did I do?
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Apa yang saya lakukan?
06:37
At that time, at the tender age of seven,
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Pada usia tujuh tahun,
06:39
I created a story.
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saya bercerita.
06:41
What was my story?
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Apa cerita saya?
06:43
And I don't know why, but I remember the story.
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Entah mengapa, tapi sayang ingat.
06:46
There was a woodcutter
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Ada seorang tukang kayu
06:48
who's about to take his ax and chop a piece of wood,
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yang menangkat kapaknya, hendak membelah kayu,
06:51
and the whole galaxy is one atom of that ax.
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seluruh gugusan adalah satu atom kapak itu.
06:56
And when that ax hits that piece of wood,
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Saat kapak itu membelah kayu,
06:59
that's when everything will destroy
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adalah saatnya semua akan hancur
07:01
and the Big Bang will happen again.
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dan Big Bang akan terjadi lagi.
07:03
But all before that there was a woodcutter.
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Tapi sebelum itu ada sang tukang kayu.
07:05
And then when I would run out of that story,
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Dan saya akan kehabisa cerita,
07:07
I would imagine that woodcutter's universe
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membayangkan semesta si tukang kayu
07:10
is one atom in the ax of another woodcutter.
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berupa satu atom dalam kapak tukang kayu lainnya.
07:13
So every time, I could tell my story again and again
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Setiap kali, saya akan mengulang cerita itu lagi dan lagi
07:16
and get over this problem,
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dan menyelesaikan masalah ini,
07:18
and so I got over the problem.
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selesailah masalah ini.
07:21
How did I do it? Tell a story.
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Bagaimana caranya? Dengang dongeng?
07:24
So what is a story?
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Jadi apakah sebuah dongeng?
07:26
A story is our -- all of us --
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Dongeng, adalah kita semua.
07:29
we are the stories we tell ourselves.
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Kita adalah dongeng yang kita ulangi.
07:32
In this universe, and this existence,
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Semesta ini, keberadaan ini,
07:36
where we live with this duality
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dimana kita hidup dengan dualitas ini
07:38
of whether we exist or not
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antara ada dan tiada
07:40
and who are we,
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dan siapa diri kita,
07:42
the stories we tell ourselves are the stories
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cerita-cerita yang kita tuturkan
07:45
that define the potentialities
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adalah penentu potensi
07:47
of our existence.
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keberadaan kita.
07:49
We are the stories we tell ourselves.
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Kita adalah dongeng yang kita tuturkan.
07:54
So that's as wide as we look at stories.
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Seluas pandangan kita terhadap dongeng.
07:56
A story is the relationship
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Cerita adalah sebuah pertalian
07:58
that you develop between who you are,
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yang Anda kembangkan antara diri Anda sekarang,
08:02
or who you potentially are,
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atau diri yang berpotensi menjadi,
08:04
and the infinite world, and that's our mythology.
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dengan dunia tak terbatas, dan itulah mitologi kita.
08:07
We tell our stories,
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Kita bercerita,
08:10
and a person without a story does not exist.
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karena seseorang tanpa cerita tak eksis.
08:13
So Einstein told a story
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Einstein mendongeng
08:16
and followed his stories and came up with theories
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lalu mengikuti dongengnya sampai menjadi teori
08:19
and came up with theories and then came up with his equations.
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dan mengikuti teorinya sampai menjadi persamaan.
08:22
Alexander had a story that his mother used to tell him,
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Alexander pernah memiliki dongeng yang dituturkan ibunya,
08:25
and he went out to conquer the world.
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yang mengantarnya menguasai dunia.
08:27
We all, everybody, has a story that they follow.
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Kita semua mempunyai cerita untuk diikuti.
08:30
We tell ourselves stories.
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Kita mendongeng pada diri sendiri.
08:32
So, I will go further, and I say,
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Jadi boleh dibilang,
08:35
"I tell a story, and therefore I exist."
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Saya bercerita, maka saya ada.
08:37
I exist because there are stories,
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Saya ada karena ada cerita,
08:39
and if there are no stories, we don't exist.
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dan jika tak ada cerita, kita tak berada.
08:41
We create stories to define our existence.
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Kita bercerita untuk menjelaskan keberadaan kita.
08:44
If we do not create the stories,
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Tanpa cerita,
08:46
we probably go mad.
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mungkin kita akan gila.
08:49
I don't know; I'm not sure, but that's what I've done all the time.
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Tak tahu. Saya tak yakin, tapi ini yang saya lakukan selama ini.
08:52
Now, a film.
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Sekarang, sebuah film.
08:56
A film tells a story.
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Film menuturkan cerita.
08:58
I often wonder when I make a film -- I'm thinking of making a film of the Buddha --
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Saya sering bertanya-tanya saat membuat film -- misalnya film tentang Buddha --
09:01
and I often wonder: If Buddha had all the elements
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Jika Buddha memiliki segalanya
09:05
that are given to a director --
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yang diberikan pada sutradara,
09:07
if he had music, if he had visuals, if he had a video camera --
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jika Ia memiliki musik, visual, dan kamera video,
09:10
would we get Buddhism better?
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apakah kita akan lebih mengerti Buddhisme?
09:12
But that puts some kind of burden on me.
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Tapi itu memberatkan saya.
09:14
I have to tell a story
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Saya harus bercerita
09:16
in a much more elaborate way,
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dengan cara yang lebih terperinci,
09:18
but I have the potential.
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tapi saya memiliki potensi.
09:20
It's called subtext.
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Yang disebut makna terselubung.
09:22
When I first went to Hollywood, they said --
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Saat pertama kali ke Hollywood, mereka bilang --
09:24
I used to talk about subtext, and my agent came to me,
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saya selalu membicarakan makna terselubung, dan agen saya bilang
09:26
"Would you kindly not talk about subtext?"
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"Bisa tidak Anda tak membahas makna terselubung?"
09:29
And I said, "Why?" He said, "Because nobody is going to give you a film
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Saya bilang, "Kenapa?". Katanya, "Karena tidak ada yang akan memberimu film
09:31
if you talk about subtext.
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jika Anda membahas makna terselubung.
09:34
Just talk about plot
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Bahas saja plot
09:36
and say how wonderful you'll shoot the film,
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dan bilang betapa menyenangkan untuk membuat film,
09:38
what the visuals will be."
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apa saja visual yang tampak."
09:40
So when I look at a film,
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Jadi saat menonton film,
09:42
here's what we look for:
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ini yang kita cari,
09:44
We look for a story on the plot level,
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cerita di level plot,
09:47
then we look for a story
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lalu mencari cerita
09:49
on the psychological level,
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di level psikologis,
09:51
then we look for a story on the political level,
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lalu mencari cerita di level politik,
09:54
then we look at a story
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lalu mencari cerita
09:56
on a mythological level.
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di level mitologi.
09:58
And I look for stories on each level.
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Saya mencari cerita pada setiap level.
10:00
Now, it is not necessary
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Tidak wajib
10:02
that these stories agree with each other.
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bagi semua cerita untuk saling sepakat.
10:05
What is wonderful is,
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Yang indah adalah
10:07
at many times, the stories will contradict with each other.
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seringkali, cerita-cerita itu akan saling berlawanan.
10:11
So when I work with Rahman who's a great musician,
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Saya akan bekerjasama dengan Rahman, musikus hebat,
10:13
I often tell him, "Don't follow what the script already says.
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dan sering bilang padanya, "Jangan ikuti apa yang sudah diceritakan skrip.
10:17
Find that which is not.
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Ceritakan apa yang belum diceritakan.
10:19
Find the truth for yourself,
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Temukan kebenaran dalam dirimu,
10:21
and when you find the truth for yourself,
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karena saat kebenaran itu kau temukan,
10:23
there will be a truth in it, but it may contradict the plot,
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meski mungkin bertentangan dengan plot,
10:25
but don't worry about it."
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jangan khawatirkan itu."
10:29
So, the sequel to "Elizabeth," "Golden Age."
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Sekuelnya "Elizabeth", "Masa Keemasan."
10:32
When I made the sequel to "Elizabeth," here was a story that
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Waktu membuat sekuel "Elizabeth," ada cerita
10:34
the writer was telling:
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yang dituturkan penulis.
10:36
A woman who was threatened
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Seorang wanita terancam
10:39
by Philip II
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oleh Philip II
10:41
and was going to war,
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dan hampir masuk perang,
10:43
and was going to war, fell in love with Walter Raleigh.
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hampir berperang, jatuh cinta dengan Walter Raleigh.
10:45
Because she fell in love with Walter Raleigh,
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Karena dia jatuh cinta dengan Walter Raleigh,
10:48
she was giving up the reasons she was a queen,
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dia mulai melupakan alasannya menjadi ratu.
10:50
and then Walter Raleigh
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Lalu Walter Raleigh
10:52
fell in love with her lady in waiting,
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jatuh cinta dengan pelayan ratu,
10:54
and she had to decide whether she was a queen going to war
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dan Elizabeth harus memutuskan apa akan menjadi ratu berperang
10:56
or she wanted...
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apa mau...
11:00
Here's the story I was telling:
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Ini cerita yang saya tuturkan.
11:03
The gods up there,
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Dewa di atas sana.
11:05
there were two people.
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Ada dua orang.
11:07
There was Philip II, who was divine
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Ada Philip II, yang kedewataan
11:10
because he was always praying,
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karena selalu berdoa,
11:13
and there was Elizabeth, who was divine,
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ada Elizabeth, yang juga kedewataan,
11:15
but not quite divine because she thought she was divine,
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tapi tak sepenuhnya karena meski mengira dirinya kedewataan,
11:17
but the blood of being mortal flowed in her.
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darah kefanaan mengalir dalam tubuhnya.
11:20
But the divine one was unjust,
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Karena yang kedewataan tak adil,
11:23
so the gods said,
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maka para Dewa bilang,
11:25
"OK, what we need to do is
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"Okay, apa yang harus kita lakukan adalah
11:27
help the just one."
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membantu yang adil."
11:30
And so they helped the just one.
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Jadi yang adil dibantu.
11:32
And what they did was, they sent Walter Raleigh down
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Yang mereka lakukan adalah mengirim Walter Raleigh
11:35
to physically separate her mortal self
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untuk memisahkan secara fisik diri Elizabeth yang fana
11:38
from her spirit self.
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dengan yang abadi.
11:40
And the mortal self was the girl
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Dirinya yang fana adalah seorang gadis
11:42
that Walter Raleigh was sent,
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yang dikirim ke Walter Raleigh
11:44
and gradually he separated her
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dan perlahan memisahkannya
11:47
so she was free to be divine.
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agar Elizabeth bebas menjadi Dewi.
11:49
And the two divine people fought,
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Dan kedua manusia dewa bertempur
11:51
and the gods were on the side of divinity.
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dan para Dewa mendukung ketuhanan.
11:53
Of course, all the British press got really upset.
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Tentunya pers Inggris marah.
11:57
They said, "We won the Armada."
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Kata mereka, "Kami memenangkan Armada."
12:00
But I said, "But the storm won the Armada.
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Kata saya, "Tapi badailah yang memenangkan Armada."
12:02
The gods sent the storm."
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Para dewa yang mengirimkan badai."
12:04
So what was I doing?
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Apa yang saya lakukan?
12:06
I was trying to find a mythic reason
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Berusaha menemukan alasan mistis
12:08
to make the film.
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untuk membuat film ini.
12:10
Of course, when I asked Cate Blanchett, I said, "What's the film about?"
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Waktu saya tanyakan pada Cate Blanchett, "Tentang apakah film ini?"
12:13
She said, "The film's about a woman
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Dia bilang, "Tentang seorang wanita
12:15
coming to terms with growing older."
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yang dalam proses berdamai dengan umurnya."
12:18
Psychological.
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Psikologis.
12:20
The writer said "It's about history, plot."
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Penulisnya bilang ini cerita sejarah, plot.
12:23
I said "It's about mythology,
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Saya bilang ini tentang mitologi,
12:25
the gods."
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para dewa.
12:27
So let me show you a film --
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Mari saya tunjukkan sebuah film --
12:29
a piece from that film --
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sepotong dari film itu --
12:31
and how a camera also --
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dan bagaimana sebuah kamera juga --
12:33
so this is a scene, where in my mind,
279
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2000
dalam cuplikan ini, di kepala saya,
12:35
she was at the depths of mortality.
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Elizabeth berada di dasar kefanaan.
12:38
She was discovering what mortality actually means,
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3000
Ia tengah menemukan arti sebenarnya kefanaan,
12:41
and if she is at the depths of mortality,
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bahwa ia memang sedang di dasarnya,
12:44
what really happens.
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apa yang sebenarnya terjadi.
12:46
And she's recognizing the dangers of mortality
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Dan ia mulai mengenali bahaya kefanaan
12:48
and why she should break away from mortality.
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dan alasan mengapa ia harus melepaskan diri darinya.
12:51
Remember, in the film, to me,
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Ingat, bagi saya di film ini
12:53
both her and her lady in waiting
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baik Elizabeth maupun pelayannya
12:55
were parts of the same body,
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adalah satu bagian dari wujud yang sama,
12:57
one the mortal self
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yang satu diri yang fana
12:59
and one the spirit self.
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satunya lagi abadi.
13:02
So can we have that second?
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Bagaimana mencapai yang kedua?
13:04
(Music)
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(Musik)
13:06
Elizabeth: Bess?
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Elizabeth: Bess?
13:10
Bess?
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Bess?
13:13
Bess Throckmorton?
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Bess Throckmorton?
13:20
Bess: Here, my lady.
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Bess: Hamba, Paduka.
13:22
Elizabeth: Tell me, is it true?
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Elizabeth: Benarkah?
13:24
Are you with child?
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Apakah kau hamil?
13:28
Are you with child?
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Apakah kau hamil?
13:30
Bess: Yes, my lady.
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2000
Bess: Ya, Paduka.
13:32
Elizabeth: Traitorous.
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Elizabeth: Pengkhianat.
13:35
You dare to keep secrets from me?
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Kau berani menyimpan rahasia dariku?
13:37
You ask my permission before you rut,
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Minta dulu izinku sebelum kawin,
13:40
before you breed.
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sebelum beranak.
13:42
My bitches wear my collars.
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Semua anjingku memakai kalung.
13:44
Do you hear me? Do you hear me?
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Kau dengar? Kau dengar?
13:46
Walsingham: Majesty. Please, dignity. Mercy.
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3000
Walsingham: Paduka. Kumohon, kehormatan. Kasihan.
13:49
Elizabeth: This is no time for mercy, Walsingham.
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Elizabeth: Ini bukan waktunya untuk kasihan, Walsingham.
13:52
You go to your traitor brother and leave me to my business.
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Pergi sana urusi saudaramu yang pengkhianat dan biarkan aku mengurus urusanku sendiri.
13:55
Is it his?
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Miliknya?
13:57
Tell me. Say it. Is the child his? Is it his?
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Katakan. Anaknya kah?
14:00
Bess: Yes.
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Bess: Ya.
14:02
My lady,
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2000
Paduka,
14:04
it is my husband's child.
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3000
ini adalah anak suami hamba.
14:09
Elizabeth: Bitch! (Cries)
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3000
Elizabeth: Jalang! (Teriak)
14:12
Raleigh: Majesty.
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2000
Raleigh: Paduka.
14:14
This is not the queen I love and serve.
317
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Ini bukan ratu yang hamba cintai dan layani.
14:22
Elizabeth: This man has seduced a ward of the queen,
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Elizabeth: Orang ini merayu pelayan ratu,
14:25
and she has married without royal consent.
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dan perempuan ini kawin tanpa izin kerajaan.
14:29
These offenses are punishable by law. Arrest him.
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Pelanggaran ini harus dihukum. Tangkap dia.
14:33
Go.
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Pergi.
14:39
You no longer have the queen's protection.
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Kalian tak lagi di bawah lindungan ratu.
14:43
Bess: As you wish, Majesty.
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Bess: Baik, Paduka.
14:46
Elizabeth: Get out! Get out! Get out!
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Elizabeth: Keluar! Keluar! Keluar!
14:53
Get out.
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2000
Keluar.
14:55
(Music)
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(Musik)
15:16
Shekhar Kapur: So, what am I trying to do here?
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Shekhar Kapur: Apa yang saya lakukan?
15:20
Elizabeth has realized,
328
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Elizabeth menyadari,
15:22
and she's coming face-to-face
329
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2000
ia berhadapan langsung
15:24
with her own sense of jealousy,
330
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2000
dengan kecemburuannya,
15:26
her own sense of mortality.
331
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kefanaannya sendiri.
15:28
What am I doing with the architecture?
332
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3000
Apa yang saya lakukan dengan arsitektur?
15:31
The architecture is telling a story.
333
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2000
Arsitektur menceritakan sesuatu.
15:33
The architecture is telling a story
334
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2000
Arsitektur menceritakan
15:35
about how, even though she's the most powerful woman
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2000
tentang bagaimana, meskipun ini adalah wanita paling berkuasa
15:37
in the world at that time,
336
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2000
di dunia saat itu,
15:39
there is the other, the architecture's bigger.
337
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3000
ada yang lain, arsitektur yang lebih besar.
15:43
The stone is bigger than her because stone is an organic.
338
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2000
Batu yang lebih besar darinya karena batu anaorganik.
15:45
It'll survive her.
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Ia akan hidup lebih lama.
15:47
So it's telling you, to me, stone is part of her destiny.
340
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Ia menceritakan, batu adalah bagian dari takdirnya.
15:51
Not only that, why is the camera looking down?
341
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Mengapa kamera menyorot ke bawah?
15:54
The camera's looking down at her because she's in the well.
342
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3000
Kamera menyorot ke bawah karena Elzabeth dalam sumur.
15:57
She's in the absolute well
343
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2000
Dalam sumur absolut
15:59
of her own sense of being mortal.
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3000
kesadarannya akan kefanaan.
16:02
That's where she has to pull herself out
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Dari sana ia harus menarik diri
16:05
from the depths of mortality,
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dari dalam kefanaan,
16:07
come in, release her spirit.
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membebaskan dirinya yang abadi.
16:09
And that's the moment where, in my mind,
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2000
Saat itu, dalam pikiran saya,
16:11
both Elizabeth and Bess are the same person.
349
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3000
Elizabeth dan Bess adalah orang yang sama.
16:14
But that's the moment
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2000
Tapi ada saat
16:16
she's surgically removing herself from that.
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3000
dimana Elizabeth memisahkan dirinya.
16:19
So the film is operating on
352
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2000
Film ini mengupas
16:21
many many levels in that scene.
353
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banyak level pada adegan tersebut.
16:23
And how we tell stories
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Bagaimana kita mendongeng
16:25
visually, with music, with actors,
355
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3000
secara visual, dengan musik dan aktor,
16:28
and at each level it's a different sense
356
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2000
dan pada setiap level ada rasa yang berbeda
16:30
and sometimes contradictory to each other.
357
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3000
yang kadang saling berlawanan.
16:34
So how do I start all this?
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Bagaimana saya mengulas ini?
16:39
What's the process of telling a story?
359
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3000
Apakah proses mendongeng?
16:42
About ten years ago,
360
987000
2000
10 tahun lalu,
16:44
I heard this little thing from a politician,
361
989000
3000
Saya cerita kecil ini dari seorang politisi,
16:47
not a politician that was very well respected in India.
362
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3000
bukan politisi yang sangat dihormati di India.
16:50
And he said that these people in the cities,
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3000
Katanya orang kota,
16:53
in one flush, expend as much water
364
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4000
dengan sekali tarik, menghabiskan sebanyak air
16:57
as you people in the rural areas
365
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2000
yang digunakan orang desa
16:59
don't get for your family for two days.
366
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3000
untuk sekeluarga selama dua hari.
17:02
That struck a chord, and I said, "That's true."
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3000
Itu menyentuh nalar dan saya pikir ada benarnya.
17:05
I went to see a friend of mine,
368
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2000
Saya pergi menemui teman,
17:07
and he made me wait
369
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2000
dan dia membuat saya menunggu
17:09
in his apartment in Malabar Hill
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2000
di apartmennya di Malabar Hill
17:11
on the twentieth floor,
371
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2000
lantai duapuluh,
17:13
which is a really, really upmarket area in Mumbai.
372
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2000
di daerah yang sangat, sangat elit di Mumbai.
17:15
And he was having a shower for 20 minutes.
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2000
Ia mandi selama 20 menit.
17:17
I got bored and left, and as I drove out,
374
1022000
2000
Saya bosan dan pergi, saat keluar,
17:19
I drove past the slums of Bombay,
375
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2000
saya melewati area kumuh Bombay,
17:21
as you always do,
376
1026000
2000
seperti selalu,
17:23
and I saw lines and lines in the hot midday sun
377
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2000
dan melihat barisan panjang di bawah matahari siang
17:25
of women and children with buckets
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3000
wanita dan anak-anak dengan ember
17:28
waiting for a tanker
379
1033000
2000
menunggu mobil tanki
17:30
to come and give them water.
380
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2000
untuk datang dan memberi mereka air.
17:32
And an idea started to develop.
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Dan sebuah ide mulai berkembang.
17:34
So how does that become a story?
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Bagaimana itu menjadi sebuah cerita?
17:36
I suddenly realized that we are heading towards disaster.
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Tiba-tiba saya menyadari bahwa kita menuju malapetaka.
17:39
So my next film is called "Paani"
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Jadi film saya berikutnya "Paani"
17:41
which means water.
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yang artinya air.
17:43
And now, out of the mythology of that,
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Dari mitologi itu,
17:45
I'm starting to create a world.
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saya mulai menciptakan dunia.
17:47
What kind of world do I create,
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Dunia macam apa yang saya ciptakan,
17:49
and where does the idea, the design of that come?
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dan dari mana ide dan desain dunia itu datang?
17:52
So, in my mind, in the future,
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Dalam pikiran saya, di masa depan,
17:54
they started to build flyovers.
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mereka mulai membangun flyover.
17:57
You understand flyovers? Yeah?
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Mengerti flyover? Yeah?
17:59
They started to build flyovers
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Mereka mulai membangun flyover
18:01
to get from A to B faster,
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untuk mencapai titik B dari titik A lebih cepat
18:03
but they effectively went from one area of relative wealth
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tapi praktis mengikat satu daerah makmur
18:06
to another area of relative wealth.
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dengan daerah makmur lainnya.
18:08
And then what they did was
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Apa yang mereka lakukan
18:10
they created a city above the flyovers.
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adalah menciptakan sebuah kota di atas flyover.
18:12
And the rich people moved to the upper city
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Dan yang kaya pindah ke bagian atas kota
18:15
and left the poorer people in the lower cities,
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meninggalkan yang miskin di kota bagian bawah,
18:18
about 10 to 12 percent of the people
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10 sampai 12 persen populasi
18:21
have moved to the upper city.
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pindah ke kota atas.
18:23
Now, where does this upper city and lower city come?
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Darimana datangnya kota atas dan kota bawah ini?
18:25
There's a mythology in India about --
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Ada mitologi India tentang --
18:27
where they say, and I'll say it in Hindi,
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katanya dalam bahasa Hindi,
18:30
[Hindi]
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[Hindi]
18:34
Right. What does that mean?
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Apa artinya?
18:36
It says that the rich are always sitting on the shoulders
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Katanya yang kaya selalu duduk di atas bahu
18:39
and survive on the shoulders of the poor.
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dan hidup di atas bahu yang miskin.
18:41
So, from that mythology, the upper city and lower city come.
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Dari mitologi itu datangnya kota atas dan kota bawah.
18:43
So the design has a story.
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Maka desain tersebut memiliki donggeng.
18:46
And now, what happens is that the people of the upper city,
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Apa yang terjadi adalah, penghuni kota atas,
18:49
they suck up all the water.
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menghisap seluruh air.
18:51
Remember the word I said, suck up.
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Ingat kata itu, menghisap.
18:53
They suck up all the water, keep to themselves,
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Menghisap seluruh air, menyimpannya sendiri,
18:55
and they drip feed the lower city.
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dan menetesi kota bawah sedikit-sedikit.
18:57
And if there's any revolution, they cut off the water.
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Jika terjadi revolusi, mereka memotong air.
18:59
And, because democracy still exists,
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Dan karena demokrasi masih ada,
19:02
there's a democratic way in which you say
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ada demokrasi saat mengatakan
19:05
"Well, if you give us what [we want], we'll give you water."
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"Beri kami apa yang kami mau, kami berikan kalian air."
19:08
So, okay my time is up.
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Okay, waktu saya habis.
19:10
But I can go on about telling you
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Tapi saya bisa terus menceritakan
19:12
how we evolve stories,
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begaiman dongeng berkembang,
19:14
and how stories effectively are who we are
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dan bagaimana dongeng adalah diri kita sendiri
19:17
and how these get translated into the particular discipline
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dan bagaimana ini diterapkan pada disiplin tertentu
19:19
that I am in, which is film.
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dalam bidang saya, yaitu film.
19:21
But ultimately, what is a story? It's a contradiction.
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Pada akhirnya, apalah dongeng? Sebuah kontradiksi.
19:24
Everything's a contradiction.
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Segalanya berupa kontradiksi.
19:26
The universe is a contradiction.
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Semesta adalah kontradiksi.
19:28
And all of us are constantly looking for harmony.
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Dan kita semua tengah mencari harmoni.
19:30
When you get up, the night and day is a contradiction.
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Saat terjaga, malam dan siang adalah kontradiksi.
19:32
But you get up at 4 a.m.
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Tapi bangun pukul 4 AM.
19:34
That first blush of blue is where the night and day
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Pada rekah rona biru dimana malam dan siang bertemu
19:36
are trying to find harmony with each other.
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tengah mencari harmoni satu sama lain.
19:39
Harmony is the notes that Mozart didn't give you,
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Harmoni adalah kunci musik yang tak diberikan Mozart,
19:42
but somehow the contradiction of his notes suggest that.
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tapi diacukan oleh kunci-kuncinya yang berlawanan.
19:44
All contradictions of his notes suggest the harmony.
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Semua kontradiksi musiknya mengacukan harmoni.
19:48
It's the effect of looking for harmony
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Efek dari mencari harmoni
19:50
in the contradiction that exists in a poet's mind,
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dalam kontradiksi yang hidup di benak penyair,
19:53
a contradiction that exists in a storyteller's mind.
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kontradiksi yang hidup di benak pendongeng.
19:56
In a storyteller's mind, it's a contradiction of moralities.
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Di benak pendongeng, adalah kontradiksi moralitas.
19:59
In a poet's mind, it's a conflict of words,
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Di benak penyair, konflik kata-kata,
20:01
in the universe's mind, between day and night.
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di benak semesta, antara siang dan malam.
20:04
In the mind of a man and a woman,
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Di benak lelaki dan perempuan,
20:06
we're looking constantly at
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kita selalu menemukan
20:08
the contradiction between male and female,
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kontradiksi antara lelaki dan perempuan,
20:10
we're looking for harmony within each other.
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mencari harmoni dalam sesama.
20:12
The whole idea of contradiction,
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Seluruh ide kontradiksi,
20:15
but the acceptance of contradiction
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tapi penerimaan kontradiksi,
20:18
is the telling of a story, not the resolution.
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adalah proses mendongeng itu, bukan resolusinya.
20:20
The problem with a lot of the storytelling in Hollywood
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Masalah pada kebanyakan cerita Hollywood
20:22
and many films, and as [unclear] was saying in his,
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dan banyak film dan [tak jelas] katanya,
20:25
that we try to resolve the contradiction.
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kita berusaha menyelesaikan kontradiksi.
20:28
Harmony is not resolution.
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Harmoni bukan resolusi.
20:30
Harmony is the suggestion of a thing
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Harmoni adalah acuan
20:32
that is much larger than resolution.
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yang jauh lebih luas daripada resolusi.
20:34
Harmony is the suggestion of something
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Harmoni adalah acuan
20:36
that is embracing and universal
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yang memeluk dan universal
20:39
and of eternity and of the moment.
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dan menyentuh keabadian sekaligus saat ini.
20:41
Resolution is something that is far more limited.
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Resolusi jauh lebih terbatas dari itu.
20:45
It is finite; harmony is infinite.
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Resolusi terbatas, harmoni tak terbatas.
20:48
So that storytelling, like all other contradictions in the universe,
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Dongeng, sebagaimana kontradiksi lain di dunia,
20:51
is looking for harmony and infinity
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mencari harmoni dan ketakterbatasan
20:54
in moral resolutions, resolving one, but letting another go,
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dalam resolusi moral, menyelesaikan yang satu tapi melepaskan lainnya,
20:57
letting another go and creating a question that is really important.
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melepaskan lainnya dan menciptakan pertanyaan yang sangat penting.
21:01
Thank you very much.
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Terima kasih banyak.
21:03
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shekhar Kapur - Director and writerShekhar Kapur is a visionary filmmaker and storyteller who works at the intersection of art, myth and activism.
Why you should listen
Golden Globe-winning director Shekhar Kapur makes lush, international period films -- such as Elizabeth and The Four Feathers -- and Indian hits like Mr. India and Bandit Queen. Most recently, Kapur's short film "Passages"" is part of the October 2009 film anthology New York, I Love You. Also this October, he sat on the judging panel for 1 Minute to Save the World, a competition for short films about climate change. (And yes, last summer, he was a judge on India's Got Talent.)
His forthcoming film Paani – the hindi word for water – explores mumbai's shrinking supply of water and its distribution underworld. equally at home in hollywood and Bollywood, he's also a comics mogul; in 2006 he co-founded Virgin Comics as a venue for turning Indian and Hindu myths into pop-culture icons. For the company, now reorganized as Liquid Comics, he cocreated the series Ramayan 3392 A.D., based on the Ramayana. His newest Liquid series: Devi.
Shekhar Kapur | Speaker | TED.com