Johann Hari: This could be why you're depressed and anxious
जोहान हारी: नैराश्य आणि चिंताविकाराची ही कारणं असू शकतील
Johann Hari spent three years researching the war on drugs; along the way, he discovered that addiction is not what we think it is. Full bio
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that were hanging over me.
to look into them.
फार भीती वाटत होती.
आजवरच्या माझ्या चाळीस वर्षांच्या आयुष्यात
year after year,
to get through the day?
because of a more personal mystery.
यामागे एक खाजगी रहस्य आहे.
like pain was leaking out of me.
वेदना वाहते आहे.
why people get like this.
वैद्यकशास्त्राला ठाऊक आहेत.
a chemical imbalance in their heads --
रासायनिक असंतुलन असतं.
balance back to normal."
called Paxil or Seroxat,
in different countries.
I got a real boost.
the maximum possible dose
मात्रा घेणं शक्य आहे,
and pretty much all the time by the end,
"What's going on here?
that's dominating the culture --
ते सर्व मी केलं आहे.
of these two mysteries,
आणि पुस्तकलेखनासाठी
all over the world,
experts in the world
विचारायचं होतं,
depression and anxiety
त्यातून मुक्त झालेल्या
in all sorts of ways.
I got to know along the way.
मला बरंच काही शिकायला मिळालं.
of what I learned is,
नऊ वेगवेगळी कारणं आहेत.
of depression and anxiety.
more sensitive to these problems,
जनुकांवर अवलंबून असतं.
that can happen when you become depressed
जीवशास्त्रीय बदलांमुळे
that have been proven
set of solutions
of chemical antidepressants.
to become depressed.
पुढे नैराश्य येण्याची शक्यता वाढते.
you don't have any control over your job,
कामावर तुमचं नियंत्रण नसेल,
into the natural world,
फारसे जात नसाल,
of depression and anxiety
या विकारांमागच्या
physical needs, right?
has natural psychological needs.
मानसिक गरजा असतात.
has meaning and purpose.
see you and value you.
ही भावना गरजेची असते.
a future that makes sense.
असं वाटणं, ही गरज असते.
is good at lots of things.
अनेक चांगल्या गोष्टी आहेत.
than in the past --
underlying psychological needs.
that's going on,
why this crisis keeps rising and rising.
सर्वात महत्त्वाचं कारण आहे.
as just a problem in my brain,
हे समजण्यासाठी.
to fall into place for me
a South African psychiatrist
नावाच्या मनोविकारतज्ज्ञांची
happened to be in Cambodia in 2001,
chemical antidepressants
रासायनिक नैराश्यरोधक औषधं
had never heard of these drugs,
त्यांनी विचारलं,
मग डॉ. समरफील्डनी
we've already got antidepressants."
आमच्याकडे नैराश्यरोधक आहेत."
some kind of herbal remedy,
निसर्गोपचाराविषयी सांगतील.
something like that.
who worked in the rice fields.
तो भातशेती करत असे.
with the United States,
to work in the rice fields.
भाताच्या शेतात काम करू लागला.
to work under water
काम करणं
where he got blown up.
त्याला कठीण गेलं असावं.
of classic depression.
an antidepressant."
"What was it?"
and sat with him.
त्याच्याजवळ बसून
in the throes of his depression,
ते समजणं कठीण होतं,
understandable causes in his life.
त्याच्या आयुष्यात फार महत्त्वाची होती.
in the community, figured,
त्यापैकी एका डॉक्टरांना सुचलं,
that was screwing him up so much,
and work in the rice fields."
his crying stopped,
that was an antidepressant,
about depression the way I was,
माझी जी समजूत आहे,
for an antidepressant,
doctors knew intuitively,
unscientific anecdote,
medical body in the world,
a machine with broken parts.
असंही नव्हे.
तुमच्या काही गरजा अपूर्ण आहेत, इतकंच.
about what those Cambodian doctors
are not saying.
इथे महत्त्वाचं आहे.
to pull yourself together.
and fix this problem on your own."
to pull together with you,
आपण सर्वजण मिळून
and fix this problem."
ही गरज असते,
depressed person deserves.
doctors at the United Nations,
जागतिक आरोग्य दिनाच्या निवेदनात
for World Health Day,
about chemical imbalances
कमी करून,
in the way we live.
बोलायला हवं."
goes deeper than their biology,
तितकाच खोलवर जाणारा हवा.
all the scientific evidence,
who were explaining this,"
possibly do that?"
"हे करायचं कसं?"
than what was going on
who were doing exactly that,
who were understanding
of depression and anxiety
त्यावर उपाय करत होते.
about all the amazing people
and anxiety that I learned about,
इथे बोलू शकत नाही.
a 10-hour TED Talk --
द्यायची परवानगी नाही.
that emerge from them, if that's alright.
in human history.
आपल्याच पिढीला जाणवला आहे.
that asked Americans,
विचारलं गेलं,
close to anyone?"
असं तुम्हांला वाटतं का?"
said that described them.
हे वर्णन आपल्याला लागू पडतं असं सांगितलं.
measurements of loneliness,
are just behind the US,
अमेरिकेच्या खालोखाल आहेत.
in the world on loneliness,
named professor John Cacioppo,
प्राध्यापक जॉन कासिओपो.
his work poses to us.
मी पुष्कळ चिंतन केलं.
on the savannas of Africa
they took down a lot of the time,
ते आकाराने मोठे नव्हते,
they took down a lot of the time,
धावूही शकत नव्हते.
at banding together into groups
त्या पोळ्यात राहू लागल्या,
and in fact, in my life,
in a poor part of East London,
एका गरीब वस्तीतले हे डॉक्टर.
depression and anxiety.
ग्रस्त होते.
to chemical antidepressants,
की नैराश्यरोधकांमुळे
some relief to some people.
and anxious a lot of the time
reasons, like loneliness.
उदाहरणार्थ, एकटेपणा.
were giving some relief to some people,
थोड्या प्रमाणात बरं वाटत असलं,
they didn't solve the problem.
to pioneer a different approach.
एक नवीन उपाय वापरायचं ठरवलं.
his medical center,
with crippling depression and anxiety
लिसा घरातून बाहेरच पडत नव्हती.
she was told, "Don't worry,
"आम्ही तुला औषधं तर देऊच,
something else.
to come here to this center twice a week
depressed and anxious people,
अशा प्रकारचं काही बोलायचं नाही.
meaningful you can all do together
काहीतरी अर्थपूर्ण काम शोधून ते करायचं.
like life is pointless."
आयुष्याला अर्थ नाही असं वाटणार नाही."
vomiting with anxiety,
the group started talking,
चर्चा सुरु झाली.
East London people like me,
लंडनच्या आतल्या भागातले.
learn gardening?"
behind the doctors' offices
out of the library,
their fingers in the soil.
the rhythms of the seasons.
even more important.
जास्त काही करत होता.
looking for them -- "Are you OK?"
अशी चौकशी करू लागले.
what was troubling them that day.
ते जाणून घेऊ लागले.
social prescribing,
but growing body of evidence
and meaningful falls
standing in the garden
friends had built --
called professor Hugh Mackay in Australia.
यांच्या विचारांची प्रेरणा आहे.
when people feel down in this culture,
एखाद्याला उदास वाटत असेल,
everyone here said it, I have --
तुम्ही सांगत असाल, मीही सांगितलं आहे..
to be you, be yourself."
स्वतःला पटेल तेच कर."
what we should say to people is,
त्याऐवजी आपण सांगायला हवं,
आपण एकांडेपणाने राहून
more and more on your resources
साधनं जास्तीत जास्त वापरत गेलो.
with something bigger than you.
एखादा मोठा उद्देश हवा.
to one of the other causes
आणखी एक कारण सापडतं,
that I wanted to talk to you about.
and made us physically sick.
आपलं आरोग्य बिघडत चाललं आहे.
with any sense of superiority,
this talk from McDonald's.
खाऊन आलो.
healthy TED breakfast, I was like no way.
खाताना पाहून मला लाज वाटली.
our diets and made us physically sick,
have taken over our minds
मनाचा ताबा घेतल्यामुळे
philosophers have said,
तत्त्ववेत्ते सांगताहेत, की
and status and showing off,
यांना महत्त्व दिलं,
from Schopenhauer,
had scientifically investigated this,
फारसं शास्त्रीय संशोधन झालं नव्हतं.
I got to know, named professor Tim Kasser,
प्राध्यापक टिम कासर
for about 30 years now.
several really important things.
काही महत्त्वाच्या गोष्टी सुचवल्या आहेत.
your way out of sadness,
त्यांचं प्रदर्शन केल्याने
असं जितकं समजाल,
depressed and anxious.
much more driven by these beliefs.
आपल्या संपूर्ण समाजाचाच ताबा घेतला आहे.
and Instagram and everything like them.
कशा प्रभाव पाडतात.
since birth, a kind of KFC for the soul.
in all the wrong places,
doesn't meet your nutritional needs
पोषणाची गरज भागवण्याऐवजी
your psychological needs,
आपल्या मानसिक गरजा न भागवता
with professor Kasser
संमिश्र भावना उभ्या राहिल्या.
I found this really challenging.
in my own life, when I felt down,
उदासीनतेचा सामना करण्यासाठी
show-offy, grand external solution.
भपकेबाज गोष्ट करत आलो होतो.
did not work well for me.
हेही पाहत आलो होतो.
isn't this kind of obvious?
on your deathbed
आपल्याजवळ किती बूट आहेत,
and all the retweets you got,
या गोष्टी तुम्हांला आठवणार नाहीत.
and connection in your life.
to professor Kasser and saying,
this strange doubleness?"
का बरं?"
we all know these things.
या गोष्टी ठाऊक असतात.
we don't live by them."
they've become clichés,
something so profound,
"का? इतक्या महत्त्वाच्या गोष्टी ठाऊक असून
professor Kasser said to me,
what is important about life."
आपल्याला विसर पाडणं हे त्याचं कार्य."
to neglect what is important about life."
दुर्लक्ष करायला लावतं."
if we can disrupt that machine.
हे प्रा. कासरना शोधून काढायचं होतं.
to try this with their friends and family.
आपल्या कुटुंब आणि मित्रांबरोबर करून पहा.
he got a group of teenagers and adults
एक गट बोलावला.
over a period of time, to meet up.
about a moment in their life
ज्यावेळी तुम्हांला खरोखर
meaning and purpose.
it was different things.
writing, helping someone --
can picture something, right?
काहीतरी जाणवलं असेल.
was to get people to ask,
प्रश्न विचारायला प्रवृत्त करणे.
more of your life
जास्त वेळ कसा द्यावा?
of meaning and purpose,
buying crap you don't need,
and trying to get people to go,
for consumerism, right?
articulate these values,
एकमेकांचे विचार ऐकणं,
and check in with each other,
एकमेकांची चौकशी करणं
मोठा बदल घडून आला.
of depression-generating messages
in the wrong places,
and nourishing values
and have written about,
त्याबद्दल लिहिलं,
to see these insights?
complicated, but not all --
it's not like rocket science, right?
ते काही अवकाश विज्ञान नव्हे.
know these things.
ठाऊक असतात.
that we have to change our understanding
नैराश्य किंवा चिंताविकार म्हणजे नक्की काय,
and anxiety actually are.
biological contributions
to become the whole picture,
has done pretty much most of my life,
is, and this isn't anyone's intention,
saying to people is,
निराश किंवा चिंताग्रस्त व्यक्तीला सांगतो,
काही व्यत्यय आला आहे.
changing my life
is not a malfunction.
in the throes of depression --
from personal experience.
we can understand these problems
समस्या समजून घेऊन,
or madness or purely biological,
किंवा जैविक कारण न समजणं.
listening to these signals,
something we really need to hear.
ते सांगत असतात.
listen to these signals,
and respect these signals,
deeper solutions.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Johann Hari - JournalistJohann Hari spent three years researching the war on drugs; along the way, he discovered that addiction is not what we think it is.
Why you should listen
British journalist Johann Hari is the author of the New York Times best-selling book Chasing The Scream, from which his talk on addiction was adapted and for which he spent three years researching the war on drugs and questioning the ways in which we treat addiction.
He has written for many of the world’s leading newspapers and magazines, including The New York Times, Le Monde, The Guardian, New Republic, The Nation, Slate.com, and The Sydney Morning Herald. He was a columnist for the British newspaper The Independent for nine years.
Hari was twice named National Newspaper Journalist of the Year by Amnesty International, was named Gay Journalist of the Year at the Stonewall Awards -- and won the Martha Gellhorn Prize for political writing.
Johann Hari | Speaker | TED.com