Michael Shellenberger: How fear of nuclear power is hurting the environment
Michael Shellenberger: Dlaczego strach przed energią jądrową szkodzi środowisku
Michael Shellenberger is a global thinker on energy, technology and the environment. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
with new solar panels going up,
przybywa paneli słonecznych,
half its power from solar,
połowę energii ze słońca,
10 razy więcej paneli słonecznych
to building 10 times more solar
making a comeback.
wraca do łask.
working with engineers,
z inżynierami w Chinach,
that are working together
reaktor napędzany odpadami,
reactor that runs on waste,
than anybody imagined?
zanurzyć się w danych.
to take a deep dive into the data.
jest coraz więcej.
energy has been increasing.
czystej energii w ciągu ostatnich 20 lat.
sources over the last 20 years.
the percentage of global electricity
elektryczności światowej
from 36 percent to 31 percent.
from clean energy sources,
100% elektryczności
points of global electricity be?"
California's last nuclear plant,
elektrowni jądrowej Diablo Canyon
farm słonecznych na świecie,
solar farms in the world,
that fossil fuels are increasing
paliw kopalnych wzrasta szybciej
and dung and charcoal
z tych źródeł czystej energii
sources in particular
in absolute terms,
has declined seven percent
energia słoneczna i wiatrowa,
making huge strides,
że to nic nie szkodzi,
about how it doesn't really matter,
pokryją tę różnicę.
is going to make up the difference.
from solar and wind,
strat w zakresie energii jądrowej.
half of the decline from nuclear.
in the United States.
w 2013, 2014 roku,
really 2013, 2014 --
4 elektrownie jądrowe.
four nuclear power plants.
paliwo kopalne
replaced with fossil fuels,
was that we wiped out
jaką pozyskujemy ze słońca.
electricity that we get from solar.
as a clean energy and climate leader,
w czystej energii i kwestii klimatu,
wolniejsze niż średnie tempo krajowe
than the national average,
been going up since 2009,
who's going to tell you
their climate commitments in 2020.
względem klimatu w 2020 roku.
about 10 to 20 percent of the time,
energię przez 10-20% czasu,
the sun's not shining,
spore postępy jeśli chodzi o baterie,
some really cool improvements lately,
going to be as efficient
into a battery and take it out,
percent of the power.
we've brought online --
około 10% prądu ze słońca,
of electricity from solar --
a ludzie wracają z pracy
and people come home from work
and their TV sets,
w postaci gazu ziemnego.
into the side of a mountain.
it sprung a leak.
przez milion samochodów.
half a million cars on the road.
zobowiązania klimatyczne.
of our climate commitments for the year.
trzeba dotrzeć w dane miejsce:
to really get the right data,
do spraw różnych rodzajów energii.
solar, nuclear, the rest --
more serious problems
we don't have all the natural gas.
chcemy wyprodukować 100 gigawatów.
to 100 gigawatts by 2022.
a closer look at nuclear.
ds. Zmian Klimatu
Panel on Climate Change
we wszystkich tych paliwach
of all these different fuels,
jest bardzo nisko, poniżej słonecznego.
it's actually lower even than solar.
zapewnia dużo energii,
provides a lot of power --
może produkować prąd przez 92% czasu.
power 92 percent of the time.
when you look at countries
różne rodzaje czystej energii,
kinds of clean energies,
z kryzysem klimatycznym.
with the climate crisis.
a pretty good option,
naprawdę go nie lubią.
wśród ludzi na całym świecie,
of people around the world,
of the least popular forms of energy.
ze wszystkich rodzajów energii.
edges out coal, the thing is,
tak samo jak paliwa jądrowego,
in the same way they fear nuclear,
samych elektrowni:
of the plants themselves --
to melt down and cause damage;
techniczne rozwiązania tych problemów.
and look for technological fixes.
developing advanced reactors.
zaawansowane reaktory.
pracuję nad tą kwestią.
are working on this problem.
very excited about it.
tanią energię jądrową.
"How to Make Nuclear Cheap."
shows a lot of promise.
jest reaktor torowy.
scientist, James Hansen,
energii jądrowej,
advanced nuclear program,
inżynierów z MIT i UC Berkeley.
and UC Berkeley engineers.
to do with nuclear
małych reaktorów jądrowych,
reactors on assembly lines,
jak iPhony i MacBooki.
and send them around the world.
były bardzo ciekawe i obiecujące;
very exciting and very promising;
that they're working on.
nie mogliśmy się doczekać.
and a bunch of us were excited.
dotarli do kwestii czasowych
they got to the timeline,
a thorium molten salt reactor
of a climate crisis right now.
serio zanieczyszczone miasta".
polluted, by the way."
about our thorium program,
o naszym programie,
niezbyt podobają się
hasn't been particularly forthcoming
have on testing reactors."
where you're demonstrating that reactor?
to commercializing it.
looked at me and said,
którego nigdy nie testowano?".
been demonstrated before?"
zaczęła się sprzedaż.
now, they're starting to sell it.
ze względów bezpieczeństwa,
that's part of the safety,
it's going to ever get cheaper
to fajny pomysł, ale prawda jest taka,
are really cool ideas, but the truth is,
jeszcze więcej odpadów,
actually make more waste,
that if you're including
machine a lot more expensive,
of that we're going to do.
ile uda nam się osiągnąć.
i spytaliśmy o program jądrowy.
about the nuclear program.
before the Paris climate talks
około 30 elektrowni jądrowych.
like 30 new nuclear plants.
and interviewed people
they're going to do about five.
zwłaszcza tych bogatych,
especially the rich world,
about building new reactors.
about taking reactors down
its neighbors to do that.
stracić połowę reaktorów,
over the next 15 years,
of the emissions reductions
under the Clean Power Plan.
wszystkie elektrownie jądrowe.
all their nuclear plants offline,
gaz ziemny, olej opałowy,
natural gas, oil burning,
tylko 1/3 - 2/3 z nich.
online about a third to two-thirds.
China and India bringing online
of being taken offline --
the world is actually at risk
niż przez ostatnie 10 lat.
than we lost over the last 10 years.
nie ma rewolucji czystej energii,
in a clean energy revolution;
would look for a technical fix
szukają rozwiązań technicznych
że są to istotne problemy,
that these are big challenges to do,
a long time to solve,
zmniejszą strach społeczeństwa?
really going to solve people's fears?
to make nuclear power much safer.
journal that looks at it --
z brytyjskiego magazynu "Lancet",
from the British journal, "Lancet,"
szacownych pism na świecie,
journals in the world --
są najbezpieczniejsze.
to make reliable power.
Zdrowia są takie same:
finds the same thing:
spowodowali panikujący ludzie,
is caused by people panicking,
because they're afraid.
isn't actually caused by the machines
thing about the waste
we've ever made in the United States,
people or doing something --
są trujące i szkodliwe.
w zbiornikach pod nadzorem.
there, it's just being monitored.
odpady z produkcji energii,
control from energy production --
seven million people a year,
levels of global warming.
na ocieplenie klimatu.
wykorzystywać odpady jako paliwo,
good at using that waste as fuel,
some fuel left over.
którzy uznają to za wielki problem
people that think it's a big problem
z odpadami tyle wspólnego,
as much to do with the actual waste
is that we can't find any examples
że nie istnieją kraje,
of nuclear weapons
całej broni jądrowej na świecie,
the world rid of nuclear weapons,
więcej energii jądrowej.
a lot more nuclear power.
który sprowadził tam Billa Gatesa,
kind of pulled me aside,
doceniam twoje zainteresowanie
I appreciate your interest
dostaw energii jądrowej,
supply technologies,
enough global demand.
taśmową tych maszyn,
these machines on assembly lines,
people that want them."
wiatrową, ograniczajmy zużycie.
and efficiency and conservation.
programy jądrowe.
nuclear programs.
przeznaczane na te cele.
of money we're spending on it.
the climate crisis,
of the clean energy crisis
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michael Shellenberger - Climate policy expertMichael Shellenberger is a global thinker on energy, technology and the environment.
Why you should listen
Michael Shellenberger is co-founder and Senior Fellow at the Breakthrough Institute, where he was president from 2003 to 2015, and a co-author of the Ecomodernist Manifesto.
Over the last decade, Shellenberger and his colleagues have constructed a new paradigm that views prosperity, cheap energy and nuclear power as the keys to environmental progress. A book he co-wrote (with Ted Nordhaus) in 2007, Break Through: From the Death of Environmentalism to the Politics of Possibility, was called by Wired magazine "the best thing to happen to environmentalism since Rachel Carson's Silent Spring," while Time magazine called him a "hero of the environment." In the 1990s, he helped protect the last significant groves of old-growth redwoods still in private hands and bring about labor improvements to Nike factories in Asia.
Michael Shellenberger | Speaker | TED.com