TEDxWomen 2012
Shabana Basij-Rasikh: Dare to educate Afghan girls
Šabana Basiž-Rasik (Shabana Basij-Rasikh): Usudimo se da školujemo devojčice Avganistana
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Readability: 3.1
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Zamislite zemlju gde devojčice moraju krišom da idu u školu, sa smrtnim posledicama ukoliko ih uhvate kako uče. Ovakav je bio Avganistan pod Talibanima i tragovi te opasnosti ostaju i danas. Dvadesetdvogodišnja Šabana Basiž-Rasik vodi školu za devojčice u Avganistanu. Ona slavi snagu odluke porodica da veruju u svoje ćerke - i iznosi nam priču o jednom hrabrom ocu koji se usprotivio pretnjama meštanina. (Snimljeno na TEDxWomen)
Shabana Basij-Rasikh - Educator
Shabana Basij-Rasikh helps girls and young women in Afghanistan get an education. Full bio
Shabana Basij-Rasikh helps girls and young women in Afghanistan get an education. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
When I was 11,
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Kada sam imala 11 godina,
00:18
I remember waking up one morning to the sound of joy in my house.
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sećam se da sam se jednog jutra probudila
uz zvuke radosti u svojoj kući.
uz zvuke radosti u svojoj kući.
00:22
My father was listening to BBC News
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Moj otac je slušao vesti na BBC stanici
00:25
on his small, gray radio.
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na svom malom, sivom radiju.
00:29
There was a big smile on his face which was unusual then,
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Imao je širok osmeh na licu,
što je u to vreme bilo neuobičajeno,
što je u to vreme bilo neuobičajeno,
00:32
because the news mostly depressed him.
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jer su ga vesti uglavnom deprimirale.
00:36
"The Taliban are gone!" my father shouted.
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"Talibani su otišli!", povikao je moj otac.
00:41
I didn't know what it meant,
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Nisam znala šta je to značilo,
00:43
but I could see that my father was very, very happy.
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ali mogla sam da vidim da je moj otac
bio veoma, veoma srećan.
bio veoma, veoma srećan.
00:49
"You can go to a real school now," he said.
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"Sada možeš da ideš u pravu školu," rekao mi je.
00:57
A morning that I will never forget.
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Nikada neću zaboraviti to jutro.
01:02
A real school.
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Prava škola.
01:07
You see, I was six when the Taliban took over Afghanistan
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Vidite, imala sam 6 godina
kada su Talibani zaposeli Avganistan
kada su Talibani zaposeli Avganistan
01:10
and made it illegal for girls to go to school.
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i zabranili devojčicama da idu u školu.
01:14
So for the next five years, I dressed as a boy
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Tako sam se sledećih pet godina
oblačila kao dečak
oblačila kao dečak
01:17
to escort my older sister, who was no longer allowed
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kako bih pratila svoju stariju sestru
u tajnu školu,
u tajnu školu,
01:20
to be outside alone, to a secret school.
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jer joj više nije bilo dozvoljeno
da sama bude napolju.
da sama bude napolju.
01:25
It was the only way we both could be educated.
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To je bio jedini način
da se obe školujemo.
da se obe školujemo.
01:30
Each day, we took a different route
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Svakog dana išle smo drugačijim putem
01:33
so that no one would suspect where we were going.
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kako niko ne bi posumnjao kuda smo išle.
01:37
We would cover our books in grocery bags
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Sakrivale smo knjige u kese od namirnica
01:39
so it would seem we were just out shopping.
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kako bi izgledalo kao da smo
samo izašle u kupovinu.
samo izašle u kupovinu.
01:45
The school was in a house,
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Škola je bila u jednoj kući,
01:48
more than 100 of us packed in one small living room.
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gde je više od stotinu nas bilo sabijeno
u jednoj maloj dnevnoj sobi.
u jednoj maloj dnevnoj sobi.
01:53
It was cozy in winter but extremely hot in summer.
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Zimi je bilo prijatno,
ali je leti bilo veoma vruće.
ali je leti bilo veoma vruće.
01:59
We all knew we were risking our lives --
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Svi smo znali da rizikujemo svoje živote -
02:02
the teacher, the students and our parents.
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učitelj, učenici, kao i naši roditelji.
02:06
From time to time, the school would suddenly be canceled
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S vremena na vreme,
škola bi iznenada prestala s radom
škola bi iznenada prestala s radom
02:08
for a week because Taliban were suspicious.
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na nedelju dana jer bi Talibani
postali sumnjičavi.
postali sumnjičavi.
02:12
We always wondered what they knew about us.
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Uvek smo se pitali šta su znali o nama.
02:15
Were we being followed?
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Da li su nas pratili?
02:18
Do they know where we live?
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Da li su znali gde živimo?
02:22
We were scared,
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Plašili smo se,
02:24
but still, school was where we wanted to be.
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ali škola je ipak bila mesto
na kom smo želeli da budemo.
na kom smo želeli da budemo.
02:31
I was very lucky to grow up in a family
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Imala sam sreće da sam odrasla u porodici
02:35
where education was prized and daughters were treasured.
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u kojoj se obrazovanje cenilo,
a ćerke čuvale.
a ćerke čuvale.
02:41
My grandfather was an extraordinary man for his time.
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Moj deda je bio čovek koji je išao
ispred svoga vremena.
ispred svoga vremena.
02:46
A total maverick from a remote province of Afghanistan,
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Bio je potpuni disident
iz udaljene pokrajine Avganistana
iz udaljene pokrajine Avganistana
02:50
he insisted that his daughter, my mom,
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i insistirao je na tome da njegova ćerka,
moja majka,
moja majka,
02:53
go to school, and for that he was disowned by his father.
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ide u školu i zbog toga
ga se otac odrekao.
ga se otac odrekao.
03:00
But my educated mother became a teacher.
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Ali moja obrazovana majka
je postala učiteljica.
je postala učiteljica.
03:03
There she is.
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To je ona.
03:06
She retired two years ago, only to turn our house
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Otišla je u penziju pre dve godine,
kako bi našu kuću pretvorila
kako bi našu kuću pretvorila
03:09
into a school for girls and women in our neighborhood.
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u školu za devojke i žene
iz našeg komšiluka.
iz našeg komšiluka.
03:14
And my father -- that's him --
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A moj otac - to je on -
03:19
he was the first ever in his family to receive an education.
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on je bio prvi u svojoj porodici
koji se školovao.
koji se školovao.
03:26
There was no question that his children
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Podrazumevalo se da će i njegova deca,
03:28
would receive an education, including his daughters,
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uključujući i njegove ćerke,
biti obrazovana
biti obrazovana
03:33
despite the Taliban, despite the risks.
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uprkos Talibanima, uprkos riziku.
03:37
To him, there was greater risk in not educating his children.
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Za njega, veći rizik bio je
ne obrazovati svoju decu.
ne obrazovati svoju decu.
03:46
During Taliban years, I remember
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Tokom vladavine Talibana,
sećam se,
sećam se,
03:49
there were times I would get so frustrated by our life
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ponekad sam bila toliko isfrustrirana
našim životom
našim životom
03:54
and always being scared and not seeing a future.
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i uplašena jer nisam mogla da vidim
nikakvu budućnost.
nikakvu budućnost.
03:58
I would want to quit,
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Želela sam da odustanem,
04:01
but my father,
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ali moj otac,
04:04
he would say,
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on bi rekao:
04:06
"Listen, my daughter,
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"Slušaj, ćerko moja,
04:09
you can lose everything you own in your life.
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u životu možeš da izgubiš
sve što poseduješ.
sve što poseduješ.
04:12
Your money can be stolen. You can be forced to leave your home during a war.
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Novac ti mogu ukrasti. Mogu te naterati
da napustiš svoj dom tokom rata.
da napustiš svoj dom tokom rata.
04:16
But the one thing that will always remain with you
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Ali jedina stvar koja će uvek ostati sa tobom
04:19
is what is here,
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je ono što se nalazi ovde,
04:22
and if we have to sell our blood to pay your school fees,
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i ako budemo morali da prodamo
svoju krv da platimo tvoju školarinu,
svoju krv da platimo tvoju školarinu,
04:27
we will.
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to ćemo i uraditi.
04:30
So do you still not want to continue?"
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Dakle, da li još uvek
ne želiš da nastaviš?"
ne želiš da nastaviš?"
04:35
Today I am 22.
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Danas imam 22 godine.
04:39
I was raised in a country that has been destroyed
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Odgajana sam u zemlji koju su uništile
04:41
by decades of war.
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decenije rata.
04:44
Fewer than six percent of women my age have made it beyond high school,
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Manje od 6 procenata žena mojih godina
nastavilo je školovanje posle srednje škole,
nastavilo je školovanje posle srednje škole,
04:50
and had my family not been so committed to my education,
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i da se moja porodica nije toliko posvetila
mom obrazovanju,
mom obrazovanju,
04:52
I would be one of them.
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i ja bih bila jedna od njih.
04:55
Instead, I stand here a proud graduate of Middlebury College.
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Umesto toga, ponosno stojim ovde
kao diplomac univerziteta u Midlberiju.
kao diplomac univerziteta u Midlberiju.
05:00
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
05:10
When I returned to Afghanistan, my grandfather,
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Kada sam se vratila u Avganistan,
moj deda,
moj deda,
05:13
the one exiled from his home for daring to educate his daughters,
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onaj koji je bio izbačen iz svog doma
jer se usudio da školuje svoje ćerke,
jer se usudio da školuje svoje ćerke,
05:18
was among the first to congratulate me.
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bio je među prvima koji su mi čestitali.
05:21
He not only brags about my college degree,
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On se hvali ne samo mojom fakultetskom diplomom,
05:24
but also that I was the first woman,
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nego i time da sam bila prva žena,
05:26
and that I am the first woman
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i da jesam prva žena
05:28
to drive him through the streets of Kabul.
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koja ga je provozala ulicama Kabula.
05:31
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
05:36
My family believes in me.
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Moja porodica veruje u mene.
05:39
I dream big, but my family dreams even bigger for me.
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Imam velike snove, ali moja porodica
ima još veće snove za mene.
ima još veće snove za mene.
05:44
That's why I am a global ambassador for 10x10,
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Zato sam svetski ambasador za 10x10,
05:49
a global campaign to educate women.
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globalnu kampanju za obrazovanje žena.
05:51
That's why I cofounded SOLA,
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Zato sam jedan od osnivača SOLA-e,
05:54
the first and perhaps only boarding school
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što je prvi i možda jedini internat
05:56
for girls in Afghanistan,
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za devojčice u Avganistanu,
05:58
a country where it's still risky for girls to go to school.
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zemlji u kojoj je za devojčice
još uvek rizično da idu u školu.
još uvek rizično da idu u školu.
06:04
The exciting thing is that I see students at my school
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Uzbudljivo je videti učenice u mojoj školi
06:07
with ambition grabbing at opportunity.
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kako ambiciozno grabe prilike.
06:13
And I see their parents and their fathers
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I vidim njihove roditelje i očeve,
06:16
who, like my own, advocate for them,
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koji ih podržavaju, kao i moj otac mene,
06:21
despite and even in the face of daunting opposition.
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uprkos obeshrabrujućem otporu,
gledajući mu direktno u lice.
gledajući mu direktno u lice.
06:30
Like Ahmed. That's not his real name,
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Kao Ahmed. To nije njegovo pravo ime
06:32
and I cannot show you his face,
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i ne mogu da vam pokažem njegovo lice,
06:35
but Ahmed is the father of one of my students.
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ali Ahmed je otac jedne od mojih učenica.
06:38
Less than a month ago, he and his daughter
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Pre manje od mesec dana,
na putu od SOLA-e do svog sela,
na putu od SOLA-e do svog sela,
06:42
were on their way from SOLA to their village,
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on i njegova ćerka
06:46
and they literally missed being killed
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bukvalno su za nekoliko minuta izbegli smrt
06:52
by a roadside bomb by minutes.
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od bombe pored puta.
06:57
As he arrived home, the phone rang,
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Kada je stigao kući,
zazvonio mu je telefon
zazvonio mu je telefon
07:00
a voice warning him
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i glas sa druge strane žice
ga je upozorio
ga je upozorio
07:03
that if he sent his daughter back to school,
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da će ponovo pokušati da ih ubiju
07:06
they would try again.
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ako pošalje ćerku nazad u školu.
07:09
"Kill me now, if you wish," he said,
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"Ako želite, ubijte me odmah," rekao je,
07:13
"but I will not ruin my daughter's future
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"ali neću uništiti budućnost svoje ćerke
07:17
because of your old and backward ideas."
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zbog vaših zastarelih i nazadnih ideja."
07:22
What I've come to realize about Afghanistan,
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Ono što sam shvatila u vezi sa Avganistanom,
07:24
and this is something that is often dismissed in the West,
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a što se često odbacuje na Zapadu,
07:28
that behind most of us who succeed
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je to da se iza većine nas koji uspemo,
07:31
is a father who recognizes the value in his daughter
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nalazi otac koji prepozna vrednost u svojoj ćerki
07:38
and who sees that her success is his success.
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i koji vidi da je njen uspeh i njegov uspeh.
07:43
It's not to say that our mothers aren't key in our success.
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Ne kažem da naše majke
nisu ključ našeg uspeha.
nisu ključ našeg uspeha.
07:47
In fact, they're often the initial and convincing negotiators
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U stvari, one su često prvi i ubeđujući faktor
07:51
of a bright future for their daughters,
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za blistavu budućnost svojih ćerki,
07:55
but in the context of a society like in Afghanistan,
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ali u kontekstu društva poput avganistanskog,
07:58
we must have the support of men.
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moramo imati podršku muškaraca.
08:02
Under the Taliban, girls who went to school
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Pod Talibanima, devojčice su išle u školu
08:05
numbered in the hundreds --
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njih stotine -
08:07
remember, it was illegal.
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setite se, to je bilo protiv zakona.
08:09
But today, more than three million girls are in school in Afghanistan.
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Ali danas, više od tri miliona devojčica
je u školama u Avganistanu.
je u školama u Avganistanu.
08:15
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
08:22
Afghanistan looks so different from here in America.
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Avganistan se čini toliko drugačijim odavde,
iz Amerike.
iz Amerike.
08:28
I find that Americans see the fragility in changes.
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Čini mi se da Amerikanci
vide krhkost u promenama.
vide krhkost u promenama.
08:33
I fear that these changes will not last
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Bojim se da ove promene neće trajati
08:36
much beyond the U.S. troops' withdrawal.
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dugo nakon povlačenja američkih trupa.
08:41
But when I am back in Afghanistan,
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Ali kad se vratim u Avganistan,
08:44
when I see the students in my school
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kada vidim učenice u svojoj školi
08:49
and their parents who advocate for them,
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i roditelje koji ih podržavaju,
08:52
who encourage them, I see a promising future
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koji ih ohrabruju,
vidim obećavajuću budućnost
vidim obećavajuću budućnost
08:56
and lasting change.
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i dugotrajnu promenu.
09:00
To me, Afghanistan is a country of hope and boundless possibilities,
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Za mene, Avganistan je zemlja
nade i beskrajnih mogućnosti.
nade i beskrajnih mogućnosti.
09:08
and every single day
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I svakoga dana,
09:11
the girls of SOLA remind me of that.
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devojčice u SOLA-i podsećaju me na to.
09:15
Like me, they are dreaming big.
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Poput mene, one imaju velike snove.
09:18
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
09:20
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shabana Basij-Rasikh - EducatorShabana Basij-Rasikh helps girls and young women in Afghanistan get an education.
Why you should listen
Shabana Basij-Rasikh was born and raised in Kabul, Afghanistan. Under the Taliban, she dressed as a boy to escort her older sister to a secret school -- with dire consequences if they were caught. She attended a high school in America under the YES exchange program, and graduated from Middlebury College in Vermont. During college, she founded HELA, a nonprofit organization dedicated to empowering Afghan women through education. She also raised funds through foundations and public talks across the US to build a high school for girls in her ancestral village, and to build wells on the outskirts of Kabul to give communities access to clean drinking water.
An enthusiast of systemic change and community impact, Basij-Rasikh was selected as one of Glamour's Top 10 College Women of 2010, and was awarded the Vermont Campus Compact 2011 Kunin Public Award for outstanding public service, effective leadership and community-building. Now, Shabana has joined 10×10 as a Global Ambassador, supporting a global action campaign that links nonprofits, corporations, philanthropists, policy leaders, global influencers and grassroots activists in a movement to support girls’ education. She is managing director of SOLA (School of Leadership, Afghanistan), a nonprofit that helps exceptional young Afghan women access education worldwide and jobs back home.
Shabana Basij-Rasikh | Speaker | TED.com