TEDxWomen 2012
Shabana Basij-Rasikh: Dare to educate Afghan girls
Shabana Basij-Rasikh: 敢於教育阿富汗的女孩們
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想像一個這樣的國家：女孩們必須冒著生命危險偷偷地出去上學，一旦她們被捉住，後果將不堪設想。這就是塔利班統治下的阿富汗，而現今那種危險依然存在。22 歲的 Shabana Basij-Rasikh 在阿富汗管理一所轉為女孩們準備的學校。她展示了信任女兒這一家庭決定的力量，並且講述了一位勇敢地站起來面對當地危險的父親。（在TEDxWomen上錄製）
Shabana Basij-Rasikh - Educator
Shabana Basij-Rasikh helps girls and young women in Afghanistan get an education. Full bio
Shabana Basij-Rasikh helps girls and young women in Afghanistan get an education. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
When I was 11,
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當我11歲的時候
00:18
I remember waking up one morning to the sound of joy in my house.
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我記得一天早上醒來,歡樂的聲音蕩漾在我的房子裡。
00:22
My father was listening to BBC News
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我的父親正在聽英國廣播公司的新聞
00:25
on his small, gray radio.
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在他的小灰色收音機上。
00:29
There was a big smile on his face which was unusual then,
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他臉掛上個不尋常的大大的笑容，
00:32
because the news mostly depressed him.
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因為那時候,新聞大多會讓他沮喪。
00:36
"The Taliban are gone!" my father shouted.
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“塔利班都走了!“我父親喊道。
00:41
I didn't know what it meant,
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我不知道這是什麼意思,
00:43
but I could see that my father was very, very happy.
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但是我可以看到,我的父親非常開心。
00:49
"You can go to a real school now," he said.
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“現在，你可以上一所真正的學校了,”他說。
00:57
A morning that I will never forget.
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一個我永遠也不會忘記的早晨。
01:02
A real school.
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一所真正的學校。
01:07
You see, I was six when the Taliban took over Afghanistan
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你知道,當塔利班控制阿富汗並規定
01:10
and made it illegal for girls to go to school.
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女性上學違法的時候我才六歲
01:14
So for the next five years, I dressed as a boy
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所以在接下來的五年,我打扮成一個男孩
01:17
to escort my older sister, who was no longer allowed
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來護送我那不再被允許獨自外出的姊姊
01:20
to be outside alone, to a secret school.
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去一個秘密的學校。
01:25
It was the only way we both could be educated.
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這是我們都可以接受教育的唯一方法。
01:30
Each day, we took a different route
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每天,我們都走不同的路線
01:33
so that no one would suspect where we were going.
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所以,沒有人會對我們要去哪兒起疑心。
01:37
We would cover our books in grocery bags
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我們會把書用購物袋裹起來
01:39
so it would seem we were just out shopping.
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這樣看來我們只是出去購物。
01:45
The school was in a house,
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學校是在一棟房子裡,
01:48
more than 100 of us packed in one small living room.
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我們超過100人一起擠在一個小客廳裡。
01:53
It was cozy in winter but extremely hot in summer.
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冬天這舒適,但夏天異常熱。
01:59
We all knew we were risking our lives --
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我們都清楚自己正冒著性命危險，
02:02
the teacher, the students and our parents.
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老師,學生和我們的父母。
02:06
From time to time, the school would suddenly be canceled
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學校會時不時地突然取消
02:08
for a week because Taliban were suspicious.
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一週的課因為塔利班覺得可疑了
02:12
We always wondered what they knew about us.
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我們總是擔心他們知道我們的什麼。
02:15
Were we being followed?
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我們被跟蹤了嗎?
02:18
Do they know where we live?
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他們知道我們住哪兒嗎?
02:22
We were scared,
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我們都很害怕,
02:24
but still, school was where we wanted to be.
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但是,我們仍然想上學。
02:31
I was very lucky to grow up in a family
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我很幸運地出生在一個
02:35
where education was prized and daughters were treasured.
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崇尚教育,珍惜女兒的家庭。
02:41
My grandfather was an extraordinary man for his time.
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我的祖父在他那個年代是個特別偉大的人
02:46
A total maverick from a remote province of Afghanistan,
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一位來自於阿富汗偏遠省份的特立獨行者
02:50
he insisted that his daughter, my mom,
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他堅持認為他的女兒,我的媽媽,
02:53
go to school, and for that he was disowned by his father.
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得去上學,並因此不被他的父親所承認。
03:00
But my educated mother became a teacher.
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但是我受過教育的母親成為了一名教師。
03:03
There she is.
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這就是她
03:06
She retired two years ago, only to turn our house
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她兩年前退休了,接著就把我們的房子
03:09
into a school for girls and women in our neighborhood.
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改成一所學校來接收我們附近的女孩和婦女。
03:14
And my father -- that's him --
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而我的父親,這是他,
03:19
he was the first ever in his family to receive an education.
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他是在他家庭中第一個接受教育的。
03:26
There was no question that his children
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毫無疑問他的孩子也會就接受教育，
03:28
would receive an education, including his daughters,
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包括她的女兒們,
03:33
despite the Taliban, despite the risks.
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不管塔利班,不管任何風險。
03:37
To him, there was greater risk in not educating his children.
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對於他來說,不教育他的孩子們是更大的風險。
03:46
During Taliban years, I remember
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在塔利班掌權期間,我記得
03:49
there were times I would get so frustrated by our life
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我曾一度因為我的生活而如此之沮喪
03:54
and always being scared and not seeing a future.
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以至於一直害怕而且看不到未來。
03:58
I would want to quit,
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我想過要放棄,
04:01
but my father,
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但我的父親,
04:04
he would say,
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他說
04:06
"Listen, my daughter,
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"聽著,我的女兒
04:09
you can lose everything you own in your life.
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你可以失去你生命中擁有的一切,
04:12
Your money can be stolen. You can be forced to leave your home during a war.
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你的錢會被偷走,你會在戰爭期間被迫離鄉背井,
04:16
But the one thing that will always remain with you
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但有一樣東西會永遠陪伴著你
04:19
is what is here,
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就在這。
04:22
and if we have to sell our blood to pay your school fees,
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並且如果我們需要賣血來付你的學費,
04:27
we will.
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我們會。
04:30
So do you still not want to continue?"
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你還不想要繼續嗎？"
04:35
Today I am 22.
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現在我22歲,
04:39
I was raised in a country that has been destroyed
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我成長於一個被幾十年的戰爭
04:41
by decades of war.
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所破壞的國家。
04:44
Fewer than six percent of women my age have made it beyond high school,
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我同齡的女子中不到百分之六有超過高中的教育
04:50
and had my family not been so committed to my education,
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並且如果我的家庭不那麼支持我的教育,
04:52
I would be one of them.
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我現在會數她們其中的一個。
04:55
Instead, I stand here a proud graduate of Middlebury College.
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但是，我作為明德學院的一名自豪的畢業生站在這裡。
05:00
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
05:10
When I returned to Afghanistan, my grandfather,
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當我回到阿富汗時，我的祖父
05:13
the one exiled from his home for daring to educate his daughters,
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那個因為敢於給予他女兒教育而被逐出家園,
05:18
was among the first to congratulate me.
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是第一群前來祝賀我的人之一。
05:21
He not only brags about my college degree,
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他不僅誇獎我的大學文憑
05:24
but also that I was the first woman,
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但也是因為我是第一個女子,
05:26
and that I am the first woman
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也是因為我是第一個女子
05:28
to drive him through the streets of Kabul.
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駕駛他穿過喀布爾大街
05:31
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
05:36
My family believes in me.
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我的家庭信任著我。
05:39
I dream big, but my family dreams even bigger for me.
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我的夢想很大,我的家庭甚至比我夢想得更大。
05:44
That's why I am a global ambassador for 10x10,
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這就是為什麼我成為了10×10的全球形象大使,
05:49
a global campaign to educate women.
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一個教育女子的全球運動
05:51
That's why I cofounded SOLA,
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這就是我爲什麽創立了SOLA,
05:54
the first and perhaps only boarding school
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阿富汗第一和也許是唯一的
05:56
for girls in Afghanistan,
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女子寄宿學院,
05:58
a country where it's still risky for girls to go to school.
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一個女子上學還有危險的國家
06:04
The exciting thing is that I see students at my school
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令人欣喜的是,我看到我學校裡的學生們
06:07
with ambition grabbing at opportunity.
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帶著夢想,抓住一切機會。
06:13
And I see their parents and their fathers
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我還看到她們的家長們,並且她們的父親們
06:16
who, like my own, advocate for them,
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和我的父親一樣,就算在面對
06:21
despite and even in the face of daunting opposition.
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使人恐懼的阻礙時,也擁護她們。
06:30
Like Ahmed. That's not his real name,
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比如Ahmed。這不是他的真名,
06:32
and I cannot show you his face,
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我也不能給你們看他的臉,
06:35
but Ahmed is the father of one of my students.
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但Ahmed是我一個學生的父親。
06:38
Less than a month ago, he and his daughter
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不到一個月前,他和他的女兒
06:42
were on their way from SOLA to their village,
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在從SOLA回到他們的村莊的路上,
06:46
and they literally missed being killed
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驚險地躲過了死亡的危險。
06:52
by a roadside bomb by minutes.
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因為在幾分鐘內,路邊的一顆炸彈爆炸了。
06:57
As he arrived home, the phone rang,
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他們一回到家的,電話就響了。
07:00
a voice warning him
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對方警告他,
07:03
that if he sent his daughter back to school,
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如果他膽敢再把女兒送回學校,
07:06
they would try again.
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他們還會這樣做。
07:09
"Kill me now, if you wish," he said,
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“如果你願意,現在就殺了我吧”他說。
07:13
"but I will not ruin my daughter's future
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“但是我不會僅僅因為你陳舊落後的想法
07:17
because of your old and backward ideas."
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而葬送我女兒的未來。”
07:22
What I've come to realize about Afghanistan,
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我認識到的有關阿富汗的事實,
07:24
and this is something that is often dismissed in the West,
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雖然它經常被西方忽視,
07:28
that behind most of us who succeed
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那就是在我們大多數成功者的身後,
07:31
is a father who recognizes the value in his daughter
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有一個正確認識自己女兒價值,
07:38
and who sees that her success is his success.
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並且以女兒的成功為自己的成功的父親。
07:43
It's not to say that our mothers aren't key in our success.
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這並不表示母親不是我們成功的關鍵。
07:47
In fact, they're often the initial and convincing negotiators
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事實上,她們經常是天生令人信服的,
07:51
of a bright future for their daughters,
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為女兒美好未來而努力的談判者。
07:55
but in the context of a society like in Afghanistan,
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但是在像阿富汗這樣的社會中,
07:58
we must have the support of men.
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我們必須有男人的支持。
08:02
Under the Taliban, girls who went to school
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在塔利班的統治時期間,去上學的女孩
08:05
numbered in the hundreds --
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數量僅為幾百人,
08:07
remember, it was illegal.
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提醒一下,這是不合法的;
08:09
But today, more than three million girls are in school in Afghanistan.
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但是今天,在阿富汗有超過三百萬的女孩們在學校接受教育。
08:15
(Applause)
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（歡呼）
08:22
Afghanistan looks so different from here in America.
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從美國的角度來看,阿富汗非常不同。
08:28
I find that Americans see the fragility in changes.
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我發現美國人看到了變化的脆弱性。
08:33
I fear that these changes will not last
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而我害怕這些變化在美軍撤軍以後
08:36
much beyond the U.S. troops' withdrawal.
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不會長久地持續下去。
08:41
But when I am back in Afghanistan,
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但是當我回到阿富汗的時候,
08:44
when I see the students in my school
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我看到我學校裡的學生們
08:49
and their parents who advocate for them,
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和始終支持鼓勵他們的家長們,
08:52
who encourage them, I see a promising future
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我看到了未來的希望
08:56
and lasting change.
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和持久的變化。
09:00
To me, Afghanistan is a country of hope and boundless possibilities,
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對我來說,阿富汗是一個充滿希望和無限可能的國家。
09:08
and every single day
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每一天,
09:11
the girls of SOLA remind me of that.
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SOLA的女孩們都讓我堅信這一點。
09:15
Like me, they are dreaming big.
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像我,她們都有遠大的夢想。
09:18
Thank you.
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謝謝你們。
09:20
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shabana Basij-Rasikh - EducatorShabana Basij-Rasikh helps girls and young women in Afghanistan get an education.
Why you should listen
Shabana Basij-Rasikh was born and raised in Kabul, Afghanistan. Under the Taliban, she dressed as a boy to escort her older sister to a secret school -- with dire consequences if they were caught. She attended a high school in America under the YES exchange program, and graduated from Middlebury College in Vermont. During college, she founded HELA, a nonprofit organization dedicated to empowering Afghan women through education. She also raised funds through foundations and public talks across the US to build a high school for girls in her ancestral village, and to build wells on the outskirts of Kabul to give communities access to clean drinking water.
An enthusiast of systemic change and community impact, Basij-Rasikh was selected as one of Glamour's Top 10 College Women of 2010, and was awarded the Vermont Campus Compact 2011 Kunin Public Award for outstanding public service, effective leadership and community-building. Now, Shabana has joined 10×10 as a Global Ambassador, supporting a global action campaign that links nonprofits, corporations, philanthropists, policy leaders, global influencers and grassroots activists in a movement to support girls’ education. She is managing director of SOLA (School of Leadership, Afghanistan), a nonprofit that helps exceptional young Afghan women access education worldwide and jobs back home.
Shabana Basij-Rasikh | Speaker | TED.com