TEDxWomen 2012
Shabana Basij-Rasikh: Dare to educate Afghan girls
Shabana Basij-Rasikh: 让阿富汗女孩接受教育的勇气
Filmed:
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想象一下这样一个国家，女孩需要冒着被杀死的危险，偷偷摸摸的上学。这就是塔利班统治下的阿富汗，而这些威胁延续至今。22岁的 habana Basij-Rasikh 在阿富汗创办了一所学校教育女孩子。她赞扬了那些让自己女儿接受教育的家庭，并且讲述了一位不惧地方势力威胁的勇敢的父亲的故事。
(Filmed at TEDxWomen)
Shabana Basij-Rasikh - Educator
Shabana Basij-Rasikh helps girls and young women in Afghanistan get an education. Full bio
Shabana Basij-Rasikh helps girls and young women in Afghanistan get an education. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
When I was 11,
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我11岁那年，
00:18
I remember waking up one morning to the sound of joy in my house.
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记得有一天早晨醒来，听见家里有愉悦的声音。
00:22
My father was listening to BBC News
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我的父亲在用他的灰色小收音机
00:25
on his small, gray radio.
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听BBC新闻。
00:29
There was a big smile on his face which was unusual then,
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他面带笑容，这很少见，
00:32
because the news mostly depressed him.
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因为大部分的新闻都只会使他沮丧。
00:36
"The Taliban are gone!" my father shouted.
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“塔利班走了！” 父亲大声叫着。
00:41
I didn't know what it meant,
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我不知道那意味着什么，
00:43
but I could see that my father was very, very happy.
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但是我能看出父亲非常非常高兴。
00:49
"You can go to a real school now," he said.
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“你现在可以去个真正的学校念书了。” 他说。
00:57
A morning that I will never forget.
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我永远不会忘记那个早晨。
01:02
A real school.
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一个真正的学校。
01:07
You see, I was six when the Taliban took over Afghanistan
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我6岁那年，塔利班占领阿富汗
01:10
and made it illegal for girls to go to school.
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并规定女孩上学是违法的。
01:14
So for the next five years, I dressed as a boy
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所以在那之后5年，我女扮男装
01:17
to escort my older sister, who was no longer allowed
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陪着我姐姐去一个秘密学校
01:20
to be outside alone, to a secret school.
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姐姐那时已经不被允许独自外出了。
01:25
It was the only way we both could be educated.
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这是我们俩人唯一的受教育方式。
01:30
Each day, we took a different route
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我们每天要走不同的路线
01:33
so that no one would suspect where we were going.
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这样才没有人会怀疑我们要去哪里。
01:37
We would cover our books in grocery bags
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我们把书放在食品杂货袋中
01:39
so it would seem we were just out shopping.
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这样别人就会以为我们只是要去购物
01:45
The school was in a house,
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学校在一个房屋里，
01:48
more than 100 of us packed in one small living room.
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我们100多人挤在一个小客厅里。
01:53
It was cozy in winter but extremely hot in summer.
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冬天很舒服，但夏天却极热。
01:59
We all knew we were risking our lives --
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我们都知道自己正冒着生命的危险-
02:02
the teacher, the students and our parents.
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老师，学生以及家长都很明白
02:06
From time to time, the school would suddenly be canceled
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有时，学校会突然停课一周
02:08
for a week because Taliban were suspicious.
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因为被塔利班怀疑了。
02:12
We always wondered what they knew about us.
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我们总是担心会被塔利班发现。
02:15
Were we being followed?
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我们在被跟踪吗？
02:18
Do they know where we live?
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他们知道我们的住处吗？
02:22
We were scared,
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我们很害怕，
02:24
but still, school was where we wanted to be.
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但是，我们仍然渴望去学校。
02:31
I was very lucky to grow up in a family
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我很幸运地成长在一个
02:35
where education was prized and daughters were treasured.
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珍视教育也珍爱女儿的家庭。
02:41
My grandfather was an extraordinary man for his time.
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我的祖父在他的年代是位非凡的人。
02:46
A total maverick from a remote province of Afghanistan,
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他出身阿富汗边远地区，有着与他人不同的见解
02:50
he insisted that his daughter, my mom,
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他坚持让他的女儿，我的母亲，
02:53
go to school, and for that he was disowned by his father.
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去上学，并因此被迫与他的父亲断绝父子关系。
03:00
But my educated mother became a teacher.
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但是我那受过教育的母亲成为了一名教师。
03:03
There she is.
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那就是她。
03:06
She retired two years ago, only to turn our house
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她两年前退休了，结果却把我家
03:09
into a school for girls and women in our neighborhood.
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变成了一所学校，教育社区中的女孩和妇女
03:14
And my father -- that's him --
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我的父亲-那就是他-
03:19
he was the first ever in his family to receive an education.
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他是他家族中第一个受到教育的人。
03:26
There was no question that his children
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因此毫无疑问，他的孩子
03:28
would receive an education, including his daughters,
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应当受到教育，包括他的女儿，
03:33
despite the Taliban, despite the risks.
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尽管有塔利班，尽管有风险。
03:37
To him, there was greater risk in not educating his children.
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对他来说，孩子不接受教育才是更大的风险。
03:46
During Taliban years, I remember
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在塔利班控制阿富汗的那些年，我记得
03:49
there were times I would get so frustrated by our life
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有时我会对自己的生活感到沮丧
03:54
and always being scared and not seeing a future.
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总是会害怕，看不见未来。
03:58
I would want to quit,
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我想过要放弃，
04:01
but my father,
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但我的父亲
04:04
he would say,
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这时就会说
04:06
"Listen, my daughter,
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“听着，我的女儿，
04:09
you can lose everything you own in your life.
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你可能失去你生命中的任何东西。
04:12
Your money can be stolen. You can be forced to leave your home during a war.
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你的钱可能被偷，你可能因战争而背井离乡。
04:16
But the one thing that will always remain with you
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而你唯一能够守护住的东西
04:19
is what is here,
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就是这里，
04:22
and if we have to sell our blood to pay your school fees,
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如果我们不得不靠卖血来支付你的学费，
04:27
we will.
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我们会毫不犹豫。
04:30
So do you still not want to continue?"
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即便如此你还是不想继续吗？”
04:35
Today I am 22.
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如今我22岁。
04:39
I was raised in a country that has been destroyed
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我所成长的国家被几十年的
04:41
by decades of war.
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战争所摧毁。
04:44
Fewer than six percent of women my age have made it beyond high school,
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我这个年龄的女性中，高中毕业的人数不到6%，
04:50
and had my family not been so committed to my education,
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如果不是我家人的坚持，
04:52
I would be one of them.
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我也会像绝大多数人一样。
04:55
Instead, I stand here a proud graduate of Middlebury College.
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而如今我已经是一名自豪的明德学院的毕业生
05:00
(Applause)
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（掌声）（明德学院(Middlebury College)是全美国的顶级文理学院之一，位于美国佛蒙特州明德镇， 2012年在全美国文理学院中排名第五）
05:10
When I returned to Afghanistan, my grandfather,
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当我回到阿富汗时，我的祖父，
05:13
the one exiled from his home for daring to educate his daughters,
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那位因让女儿接受教育而被逐出家门的老人，
05:18
was among the first to congratulate me.
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最先向我表示了祝贺。
05:21
He not only brags about my college degree,
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他骄傲的不仅仅是因为我的大学学历，
05:24
but also that I was the first woman,
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也是因为在女性中，我是第一个，
05:26
and that I am the first woman
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在女性中，我是第一个
05:28
to drive him through the streets of Kabul.
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开车带他在喀布尔的大街兜风的人。
05:31
(Applause)
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（掌声）
05:36
My family believes in me.
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我的家人很信任我。
05:39
I dream big, but my family dreams even bigger for me.
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我的梦想很大，但他们对我的期待甚至更高。
05:44
That's why I am a global ambassador for 10x10,
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这就是我成为 "10x10" 的全球大使的原因，
05:49
a global campaign to educate women.
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这是一个致力于女性教育的全球组织。
05:51
That's why I cofounded SOLA,
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那也是我参与创立 SOLA 的原因，
05:54
the first and perhaps only boarding school
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这是第一所，可能也是阿富汗唯一一所
05:56
for girls in Afghanistan,
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寄宿女校，
05:58
a country where it's still risky for girls to go to school.
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因为在阿富汗，让女孩接受教育依然十分危险。
06:04
The exciting thing is that I see students at my school
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让我兴奋的是，我看见我学校中的学生
06:07
with ambition grabbing at opportunity.
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能够把握机遇，志向远大。
06:13
And I see their parents and their fathers
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我看见她们的双亲，尤其是她们的父亲，
06:16
who, like my own, advocate for them,
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就像我父亲那样支持她们，
06:21
despite and even in the face of daunting opposition.
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尽管从他们脸上也看出了畏惧。
06:30
Like Ahmed. That's not his real name,
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比如艾哈迈德，这不是真名，
06:32
and I cannot show you his face,
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我也不能让你们看见他的长相，
06:35
but Ahmed is the father of one of my students.
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他是我一个学生的父亲。
06:38
Less than a month ago, he and his daughter
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不到一个月前，他和他女儿
06:42
were on their way from SOLA to their village,
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在从学校回村里的路上
06:46
and they literally missed being killed
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他们差一点就被
06:52
by a roadside bomb by minutes.
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路边炸弹炸死。
06:57
As he arrived home, the phone rang,
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他到家时，电话响了，
07:00
a voice warning him
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一个声音警告他
07:03
that if he sent his daughter back to school,
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如果他再将女儿送去学校，
07:06
they would try again.
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刚才的事情就会再次发生。
07:09
"Kill me now, if you wish," he said,
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“如果你想，现在就可以杀了我。”他说，
07:13
"but I will not ruin my daughter's future
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“但我不会因你落后的思想
07:17
because of your old and backward ideas."
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而毁了我女儿的未来。”
07:22
What I've come to realize about Afghanistan,
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对于阿富汗，我意识到
07:24
and this is something that is often dismissed in the West,
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——这是西方国家也不曾意识到的——
07:28
that behind most of us who succeed
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即在我们成功的背后
07:31
is a father who recognizes the value in his daughter
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是一个这样的父亲——他能认识到自己女儿的价值，
07:38
and who sees that her success is his success.
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也明白女儿的成功，就是他自己的成功。
07:43
It's not to say that our mothers aren't key in our success.
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这并不是说母亲们对于我们的成功并不重要。
07:47
In fact, they're often the initial and convincing negotiators
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事实上，为了女儿的美好未来，她们通常是
07:51
of a bright future for their daughters,
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最初和最有说服力的交涉者，
07:55
but in the context of a society like in Afghanistan,
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但是在像阿富汗这样的社会中，
07:58
we must have the support of men.
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我们必须有男性的支持。
08:02
Under the Taliban, girls who went to school
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在塔利班控制下，去上学的女孩
08:05
numbered in the hundreds --
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曾经只有几百人——
08:07
remember, it was illegal.
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请不要忘了，当时是非法的。
08:09
But today, more than three million girls are in school in Afghanistan.
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但是今天，阿富汗接受教育的女孩已经超过300万。
08:15
(Applause)
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（掌声）
08:22
Afghanistan looks so different from here in America.
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阿富汗与美国有很大不同。
08:28
I find that Americans see the fragility in changes.
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我发现，美国人能看出我们变化中的脆弱性。
08:33
I fear that these changes will not last
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我担心这些变化在美军撤军之后
08:36
much beyond the U.S. troops' withdrawal.
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能够维持多久。
08:41
But when I am back in Afghanistan,
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但是当我回到阿富汗
08:44
when I see the students in my school
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看见我的学生
08:49
and their parents who advocate for them,
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以及支持她们
08:52
who encourage them, I see a promising future
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并鼓励她们的父母时，我看到了未来的希望，
08:56
and lasting change.
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也看到这种变化会延续下去。
09:00
To me, Afghanistan is a country of hope and boundless possibilities,
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对我来说，阿富汗充满了希望和无限的可能性，
09:08
and every single day
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每一天
09:11
the girls of SOLA remind me of that.
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在 SOLA 读书的女孩儿都这么提醒着我。
09:15
Like me, they are dreaming big.
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像我一样，她们也有很大的梦想。
09:18
Thank you.
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谢谢。
09:20
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shabana Basij-Rasikh - EducatorShabana Basij-Rasikh helps girls and young women in Afghanistan get an education.
Why you should listen
Shabana Basij-Rasikh was born and raised in Kabul, Afghanistan. Under the Taliban, she dressed as a boy to escort her older sister to a secret school -- with dire consequences if they were caught. She attended a high school in America under the YES exchange program, and graduated from Middlebury College in Vermont. During college, she founded HELA, a nonprofit organization dedicated to empowering Afghan women through education. She also raised funds through foundations and public talks across the US to build a high school for girls in her ancestral village, and to build wells on the outskirts of Kabul to give communities access to clean drinking water.
An enthusiast of systemic change and community impact, Basij-Rasikh was selected as one of Glamour's Top 10 College Women of 2010, and was awarded the Vermont Campus Compact 2011 Kunin Public Award for outstanding public service, effective leadership and community-building. Now, Shabana has joined 10×10 as a Global Ambassador, supporting a global action campaign that links nonprofits, corporations, philanthropists, policy leaders, global influencers and grassroots activists in a movement to support girls’ education. She is managing director of SOLA (School of Leadership, Afghanistan), a nonprofit that helps exceptional young Afghan women access education worldwide and jobs back home.
Shabana Basij-Rasikh | Speaker | TED.com