Mission Blue II
Mike Velings: The case for fish farming
Majk Velings (Mike Velings): Slučaj uzgoja ribe
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,284,236 views
Na putu smo ka globalnoj krizi u ishrani: skoro 3 milijarde ljudi oslanja se na okean za hranu, i trenutno već uzimamo više ribe iz okeana od onoga što prirodno može da se nadomesti. U ovom sažetom, poučnom videu, preduzetnik i konzervator Majk Velings predlaže rešenje: akvakultura, ili uzgoj ribe. „Moramo da počnemo da koristimo okeane kao farmeri, umesto kao lovci", kaže, citirajući Žaka Kustoa. „Doći će dan kada će ljudi zahtevati uzgojenu ribu na svojim tanjirima, koja je odgojena dobro i zdravo, i odbiće bilo šta manje od toga."
Mike Velings - Entrepreneur and conservationist
Mike Velings understands the potential for business to create durable solutions to complex world problems. Full bio
Mike Velings understands the potential for business to create durable solutions to complex world problems. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
So I come from the tallest
people on the planet --
people on the planet --
0
823
2368
Dakle, dolazim iz najviše
nacije na planeti,
nacije na planeti,
00:15
the Dutch.
1
3215
1150
Holanđana.
00:17
It hasn't always been this way.
2
5383
1686
Nije uvek bilo ovako.
00:19
In fact, all across the globe,
people have been gaining height.
people have been gaining height.
3
7093
3214
U stvari, širom planete,
ljudi su počeli da dobijaju na visini.
ljudi su počeli da dobijaju na visini.
00:22
In the last 150 years,
4
10331
1563
U poslednjih 150 godina,
00:23
in developed countries,
5
11918
1161
u razvijenim zemljama,
00:25
on average, we have gotten
10 centimeters taller.
10 centimeters taller.
6
13103
2508
u proseku, postali smo
10 centimetara viši.
10 centimetara viši.
00:28
And scientists have a lot
of theories about why this is,
of theories about why this is,
7
16139
2779
Naučnici imaju mnogo teorija o ovome,
00:30
but almost all of them involve nutrition,
8
18942
2420
ali skoro sve uključuju ishranu,
00:33
namely the increase of dairy and meat.
9
21386
2284
posebno porast mlečnih proizvoda i mesa.
00:36
In the last 50 years,
10
24432
1508
U poslednjiih 50 godina,
00:37
global meat consumption
has more than quadrupled,
has more than quadrupled,
11
25964
2874
globalna potrošnja mesa je
više nego učetvorostručena,
više nego učetvorostručena,
00:40
from 71 million tons to 310 million tons.
12
28862
3327
sa 71 miliona tona na 310 miliona tona.
00:44
Something similar has been going on
with milk and eggs.
with milk and eggs.
13
32705
3731
Nešto slično se dešava sa mlekom i jajima.
00:48
In every society where incomes have risen,
so has protein consumption.
so has protein consumption.
14
36460
4569
U svakom društvu gde su prihodi porasli,
porasla je i potrošnja proteina.
porasla je i potrošnja proteina.
00:53
And we know that globally,
we are getting richer.
we are getting richer.
15
41053
2929
Znamo da, globalno, postajemo bogatiji.
00:56
And as the middle class is on the rise,
so is our global population,
so is our global population,
16
44006
3205
Kako je srednja klasa u porastu,
tako je i naša globalna populacija,
tako je i naša globalna populacija,
00:59
from 7 billion of us today
to 9.7 billion by 2050,
to 9.7 billion by 2050,
17
47235
4951
sa 7 milijardi nas danas
na 9,7 milijardi do 2050,
na 9,7 milijardi do 2050,
01:04
which means that by 2050,
18
52210
1463
što da znači da do 2050,
01:05
we are going to need at least
70 percent more protein
70 percent more protein
19
53697
2527
trebaće nam bar 70 posto više proteina
01:08
than what is available to humankind today.
20
56248
2433
nego što je danas ljudima na raspolaganju.
01:11
And the latest prediction of the UN
puts that population number,
puts that population number,
21
59322
3019
Poslednje predviđanje od strane UN
dovodi taj broj populacije,
dovodi taj broj populacije,
01:14
by the end of this century, at 11 billion,
22
62365
2460
do kraja ovog veka, na 11 milijardi,
01:16
which means that we are going
to need a lot more protein.
to need a lot more protein.
23
64849
2960
što znači da će nam trebati
mnogo više proteina.
mnogo više proteina.
01:21
This challenge is staggering --
24
69027
1539
Ovaj izazov je zapanjujući,
01:22
so much so, that recently,
25
70590
1807
toliko da je, nedavno,
01:24
a team at Anglia Ruskin
Global Sustainability Institute suggested
Global Sustainability Institute suggested
26
72421
3118
tim na Institutu za globalnu održivost
Anglia Raskin predložio
Anglia Raskin predložio
01:27
that if we don't change
our global policies
our global policies
27
75563
2136
da ako ne promenimo
našu globalnu politiku
našu globalnu politiku
01:29
and food production systems,
28
77723
1548
i sisteme proizvodnje hrane,
01:31
our societies might actually collapse
in the next 30 years.
in the next 30 years.
29
79295
3262
naše društvo moglo bi zapravo
da se uruši u narednih 30 godina.
da se uruši u narednih 30 godina.
01:36
Currently, our ocean serves
as the main source of animal protein.
as the main source of animal protein.
30
84143
4320
Trenutno, naš okean služi
kao glavni izvor životinjskog proteina.
kao glavni izvor životinjskog proteina.
01:40
Over 2.6 billion people
depend on it every single day.
depend on it every single day.
31
88487
3682
Preko 2,6 milijardi ljudi
zavisi od toga svakoga dana.
zavisi od toga svakoga dana.
01:45
At the same time,
32
93177
1183
Istovremeno,
01:46
our global fisheries
are two-and-a-half times larger
are two-and-a-half times larger
33
94384
2651
naše globalne ribarnice su
dva i po puta veće
dva i po puta veće
01:49
than what our oceans
can sustainably support,
can sustainably support,
34
97059
2524
nego što naši okeani
mogu da podrže u održivom smislu,
mogu da podrže u održivom smislu,
01:51
meaning that humans take
far more fish from the ocean
far more fish from the ocean
35
99607
2722
što znači da ljudi uzimaju
mnogo više ribe iz okeana
mnogo više ribe iz okeana
01:54
than the oceans can naturally replace.
36
102353
2304
od onoga što okeani mogu
prirodno da nadomeste.
prirodno da nadomeste.
01:56
WWF recently published a report
showing that just in the last 40 years,
showing that just in the last 40 years,
37
104681
4792
Svetski fond za prirodu nedavno je objavio
da je samo u poslednjih 40 godina,
da je samo u poslednjih 40 godina,
02:01
our global marine life
has been slashed in half.
has been slashed in half.
38
109497
2590
naš globalni morski svet prepolovljen.
02:04
And another recent report suggests
that of our largest predatory species,
that of our largest predatory species,
39
112595
4703
Još jedan skorašnji izveštaj navodi
da od naših najvećih predatorskih vrsta,
da od naših najvećih predatorskih vrsta,
02:09
such as swordfish and bluefin tuna,
40
117322
2348
poput sabljarke i tune,
02:11
over 90 percent has disappeared
since the 1950s.
since the 1950s.
41
119694
3250
preko 90 posto je nestalo od 1950.
02:15
And there are a lot of great, sustainable
fishing initiatives across the planet
fishing initiatives across the planet
42
123653
3773
Postoje mnoge sjajne,
održive inicijative ribolova širom planete
održive inicijative ribolova širom planete
02:19
working towards better practices
and better-managed fisheries.
and better-managed fisheries.
43
127450
3606
koje rade na poboljšanju prakse
i boljem upravljanju ribarnica.
i boljem upravljanju ribarnica.
02:23
But ultimately,
44
131080
1151
Međutim prvenstveno,
02:24
all of these initiatives are working
towards keeping current catch constant.
towards keeping current catch constant.
45
132255
3602
sve ove inicijative rade
na održanju trenutnih ulova konstantnim.
na održanju trenutnih ulova konstantnim.
02:28
It's unlikely,
46
136564
1151
Malo je verovatno,
02:29
even with the best-managed fisheries,
47
137739
1790
čak i sa najboljim ribarnicama,
02:31
that we are going to be able to take
much more from the ocean
much more from the ocean
48
139553
2963
da ćemo moći da uzmemo
mnogo više iz okeana
mnogo više iz okeana
02:34
than we do today.
49
142540
1155
nego što možemo danas.
02:35
We have to stop plundering
our oceans the way we have.
our oceans the way we have.
50
143719
2745
Moramo da prestanemo
da pljačkamo naše okeane kao do sad.
da pljačkamo naše okeane kao do sad.
02:38
We need to alleviate the pressure on it.
51
146488
2158
Moramo da ublažimo pritisak na njega.
02:40
And we are at a point
52
148670
1318
U poziciji smo
02:42
where if we push much harder
for more produce,
for more produce,
53
150012
2765
gde ako budemo pritiskali jače
zarad više proizvoda,
zarad više proizvoda,
02:44
we might face total collapse.
54
152801
1699
možemo se suočiti sa potpunim kolapsom.
02:47
Our current systems are not going to feed
a growing global population.
a growing global population.
55
155226
4643
Naši trenutni sistemi neće hraniti
globalnu populaciju u porastu.
globalnu populaciju u porastu.
Dakle kako ovo da popravimo?
02:52
So how do we fix this?
56
160860
1269
02:54
What's the world going to look like
in just 35 short years
in just 35 short years
57
162153
2738
Kako će svet izgledati
za samo 35 kratkih godina
za samo 35 kratkih godina
02:56
when there's 2.7 billion more of us
sharing the same resources?
sharing the same resources?
58
164915
3599
kada će nas 2,7 milijardi više
deliti iste resurse?
deliti iste resurse?
03:01
We could all become vegan.
59
169059
1872
Mogli bismo svi da postanemo vegani.
03:02
Sounds like a great idea,
60
170955
1753
Zvuči kao odlična ideja,
03:04
but it's not realistic
61
172732
1304
ali nije realistična
03:06
and it's impossibly hard
to mandate globally.
to mandate globally.
62
174060
2345
i neverovatno je teško
to sprovesti globalno.
to sprovesti globalno.
03:08
People are eating animal protein
whether we like it or not.
whether we like it or not.
63
176977
3036
Ljudi jedu životinjske proteine
sviđalo se to nama ili ne.
sviđalo se to nama ili ne.
Pretpostavimo da nam ne uspe
da se promenimo
da se promenimo
03:12
And suppose we fail to change our ways
64
180564
1832
03:14
and continue on the current path,
65
182420
2126
i nastavimo trenutnim putem,
03:16
failing to meet demands.
66
184570
1834
ne uspevajući da ispunimo zahteve.
03:18
The World Health Organization
recently reported
recently reported
67
186428
2222
Svetska zdravstvena organizacija
nedavno je objavila
nedavno je objavila
03:20
that 800 million people are suffering
from malnutrition and food shortage,
from malnutrition and food shortage,
68
188674
4162
da 800 miliona ljudi pati
zbog neuhranjenosti i manjka hrane,
zbog neuhranjenosti i manjka hrane,
03:24
which is due to that same
growing, global population
growing, global population
69
192860
3411
što je zbog one iste,
rastuće globalne populacije
rastuće globalne populacije
03:28
and the declining access to resources
like water, energy and land.
like water, energy and land.
70
196295
4022
i smanjenja pristupa izvorima
poput vode, energije i zemlje.
poput vode, energije i zemlje.
03:33
It takes very little imagination
71
201212
2060
Potrebno je veoma malo mašte
03:35
to picture a world of global unrest,
riots and further malnutrition.
riots and further malnutrition.
72
203296
4950
da se zamisli svet globalnih nemira,
pobuna i dalje neuhranjenosti.
pobuna i dalje neuhranjenosti.
03:40
People are hungry,
73
208270
1626
Ljudi su gladni,
03:41
and we are running dangerously low
on natural resources.
on natural resources.
74
209920
3038
i opasno nam ponestaje prirodnih resursa.
03:45
For so, so many reasons,
75
213328
1556
Zbog mnogo, mnogo razloga,
03:46
we need to change our global
food production systems.
food production systems.
76
214908
2754
moramo da promenimo
naš globalni sistem proizvodnje hrane.
naš globalni sistem proizvodnje hrane.
03:50
We must do better
77
218255
1424
Moramo da činimo bolje
03:51
and there is a solution.
78
219703
1165
i postoji rešenje.
03:52
And that solution lies in aquaculture --
79
220892
2585
To rešenje leži u akvakulturi,
03:55
the farming of fish, plants like seaweed,
shellfish and crustaceans.
shellfish and crustaceans.
80
223501
3946
uzgajanje riba, biljaka, poput algi,
ostriga i rakova.
ostriga i rakova.
Kao što je veliki heroj okeana
Žak Kusto jednom rekao:
Žak Kusto jednom rekao:
03:59
As the great ocean hero
Jacques Cousteau once said,
Jacques Cousteau once said,
81
227861
2429
04:02
"We must start using the ocean
as farmers instead of hunters.
as farmers instead of hunters.
82
230314
2874
„Moramo da počnemo da koristimo okean
kao farmeri umesto kao lovci.
kao farmeri umesto kao lovci.
04:05
That's what civilization is all about --
farming instead of hunting."
farming instead of hunting."
83
233212
3530
To je suština civilizacije,
uzgoj umesto lova."
uzgoj umesto lova."
04:09
Fish is the last food that we hunt.
84
237402
2428
Riba je poslednja hrana koju lovimo.
04:12
And why is it that we keep
hearing phrases like,
hearing phrases like,
85
240374
3308
Zašto i dalje slušamo fraze poput:
„Život je prekratak za ribu iz uzgoja",
04:15
"Life's too short for farmed fish,"
86
243706
1683
04:17
or, "Wild-caught, of course!"
87
245413
1588
ili: „Divlja riba, naravno!"
04:19
over fish that we know
virtually nothing about?
virtually nothing about?
88
247025
2349
o ribi o kojoj praktično ne znamo ništa?
04:21
We don't know what it ate
during its lifetime,
during its lifetime,
89
249398
2211
Ne znamo šta je jela tokom svog života,
04:23
and we don't know what
pollution it encounters.
pollution it encounters.
90
251633
2192
i ne znamo kakvo je zagađenje susrela.
04:25
And if it was a large predatory species,
91
253829
1910
Ako je to bila velika, predatorska vrsta,
04:27
it might have gone through the coast
of Fukushima yesterday.
of Fukushima yesterday.
92
255773
2829
mogla je juče da prođe duž obale Fukušime.
04:30
We don't know.
93
258626
1344
Ne znamo.
04:31
Very few people realize
94
259994
1343
Vrlo malo ljudi shvata
04:33
the traceability in fisheries
never goes beyond the hunter
never goes beyond the hunter
95
261361
3642
da sposobnost praćenja u ribarnicama
nikada ne prelazi onu od lovca,
nikada ne prelazi onu od lovca,
koji je uhvatio divlju životinju.
04:37
that caught the wild animal.
96
265027
1515
04:38
But let's back up for a second
97
266566
1437
Ipak, zaustavimo se na sekundu
04:40
and talk about why fish
is the best food choice.
is the best food choice.
98
268027
2587
da pričamo o tome
zašto je riba najbolji izbor hrane.
zašto je riba najbolji izbor hrane.
04:42
It's healthy,
99
270638
1151
Zdrava je,
04:43
it prevents heart disease,
100
271813
1256
sprečava srčana oboljenja,
04:45
it provides key amino acids
101
273093
1443
obezbeđuje glavne amino kiseline
04:46
and key fatty acids like Omega-3s,
102
274560
2753
i glavne masne kiseline, poput omega 3,
04:49
which is very different from almost
any other type of meat.
any other type of meat.
103
277337
2877
što se vrlo razlikuje
od skoro bilo kojih drugih vrsta mesa.
od skoro bilo kojih drugih vrsta mesa.
04:52
And aside from being healthy,
104
280238
1610
Pored toga što je zdravo,
04:53
it's also a lot more exciting and diverse.
105
281872
2597
takođe je mnogo uzbudljivije i drugačije.
04:56
Think about it -- most animal farming
is pretty monotonous.
is pretty monotonous.
106
284493
3183
Razmislite o tome, većina uzgoja životinja
prilično je monotono.
prilično je monotono.
04:59
Cow is cow, sheep is sheep, pig's pig,
107
287700
2651
Krava je krava, ovca je ovca,
svinja je svinja,
svinja je svinja,
05:02
and poultry -- turkey, duck, chicken --
pretty much sums it up.
pretty much sums it up.
108
290375
4077
i perad, ćurka, patka, kokoška,
uglavnom sumiraju stvar.
uglavnom sumiraju stvar.
05:06
And then there's 500 species of fish
being farmed currently.
being farmed currently.
109
294476
4815
Potom, tu je 500 vrsta ribe
koja se trenutno uzgaja.
koja se trenutno uzgaja.
05:11
not that Western supermarkets
reflect that on their shelves,
reflect that on their shelves,
110
299315
2928
Ne da zapadno tržište to primenjuje,
05:14
but that's beside that point.
111
302267
1397
ali to je sporedna stvar.
05:15
And you can farm fish
in a very healthy manner
in a very healthy manner
112
303688
2751
Možete da uzgajate ribu
na veoma zdrav način
na veoma zdrav način
05:18
that's good for us, good for the planet
and good for the fish.
and good for the fish.
113
306479
3000
koji je dobar za nas, dobar za planetu
i dobar za ribu.
i dobar za ribu.
05:22
I know I sound fish-obsessed --
114
310062
1936
Znam da zvučim opsednuto ribom.
05:24
(Laughter)
115
312022
2126
(Smeh)
05:26
Let me explain:
116
314172
1151
Dopustite da objasnim:
05:27
My brilliant partner and wife,
Amy Novograntz, and I got involved
Amy Novograntz, and I got involved
117
315347
3159
Moj sjajan partner i supruga,
Ejmi Novogranc, i ja smo se uključili
Ejmi Novogranc, i ja smo se uključili
05:30
in aquaculture a couple of years ago.
118
318530
1951
u akvakulturu pre par godina.
05:32
We were inspired by Sylvia Earle,
119
320505
2272
Bili smo inspirisani Silvijom Erl,
05:34
who won the TED Prize in 2009.
120
322801
2296
koja je osvojila TED nagradu 2009.
05:37
We actually met on Mission Blue I
in the Galapagos.
in the Galapagos.
121
325121
3134
Zapravo smo se upoznali na Mišn Blu I
na Galapagosu.
na Galapagosu.
Ejmi je bila tamo
kao direktor TED nagrade;
kao direktor TED nagrade;
05:41
Amy was there as the TED Prize Director;
122
329157
1937
05:43
me, an entrepreneur from the Netherlands
and concerned citizen,
and concerned citizen,
123
331118
3190
ja, preduzetnik iz Holandije
i zabrinuti građanin,
i zabrinuti građanin,
05:46
love to dive, passion for the oceans.
124
334332
2373
volim da ronim,
osećam strast prema okeanu.
osećam strast prema okeanu.
05:49
Mission Blue truly changed our lives.
125
337292
2334
Mišn Blu zaista je promenio naše živote.
05:51
We fell in love,
126
339650
1151
Zaljubili smo se,
05:52
got married
127
340825
1476
venčali
05:54
and we came away really inspired,
128
342325
2241
i postali veoma inspirisani,
05:56
thinking we really want to do something
about ocean conservation --
about ocean conservation --
129
344590
3209
misleći da zaista želimo
da uradimo nešto oko očuvanja okeana,
da uradimo nešto oko očuvanja okeana,
05:59
something that was meant to last,
130
347823
1735
nešto što bi trebalo da traje,
06:01
that could make a real difference
131
349582
2556
što bi moglo da napravi pravu razliku
06:04
and something that we could do together.
132
352162
2626
i nešto što bismo mogli
da uradimo zajedno.
da uradimo zajedno.
06:07
Little did we expect that that would
lead us to fish farming.
lead us to fish farming.
133
355741
3290
Nismo očekivali da će nas to dovesti
do uzgajanja ribe.
do uzgajanja ribe.
Međutim, par meseci kasnije
sišli smo sa broda,
sišli smo sa broda,
06:11
But a few months after
we got off the boat,
we got off the boat,
134
359741
2098
06:13
we got to a meeting
at Conservation International,
at Conservation International,
135
361863
2534
otišli smo na sastanak
u Konzervejšn Internešnal,
u Konzervejšn Internešnal,
06:16
where the Director General of WorldFish
was talking about aquaculture,
was talking about aquaculture,
136
364421
4027
gde je generalni direktor Vorldfiš-a
pričao o akvakulturi,
pričao o akvakulturi,
06:20
asking a room full of environmentalists
to stop turning from it,
to stop turning from it,
137
368472
3746
tražio od sobe pune ekologa
da prestanu da se okreću od toga,
da prestanu da se okreću od toga,
06:24
realize what was going on
138
372242
1761
da shvate šta se događa
06:26
and to really get involved
139
374027
1421
i da se zaista uključe,
06:27
because aquaculture has the potential
140
375472
2112
jer akvakultura ima potencijal
06:29
to be just what our oceans
and populations need.
and populations need.
141
377608
3086
da bude baš ono što našim okeanima
i populaciji treba.
i populaciji treba.
Bili smo zapanjeni
kada smo čuli statistiku
kada smo čuli statistiku
06:33
We were stunned when we heard the stats
142
381184
1883
06:35
that we didn't know more
about this industry already
about this industry already
143
383091
2536
što nismo već znali više o ovoj industriji
06:37
and excited about the chance
to help get it right.
to help get it right.
144
385651
2907
i uzbuđeni zbog šanse
da pomognemo da učinimo dobro.
da pomognemo da učinimo dobro.
06:41
And to talk about stats --
145
389042
1747
Pričajući o statistici,
06:42
right now, the amount of fish
consumed globally,
consumed globally,
146
390813
2776
trenutno, količina ribe
koja se globalno konzumira,
koja se globalno konzumira,
06:45
wild catch and farmed combined,
147
393613
2056
divlja i riba iz uzgoja zajedno,
06:47
is twice the tonnage
of the total amount of beef
of the total amount of beef
148
395693
2332
je duplo više od tonaže
ukupne količine govedine
ukupne količine govedine
06:50
produced on planet earth last year.
149
398049
1873
proizvedene na planeti Zemlji
prošle godine.
prošle godine.
06:52
Every single fishing vessel combined,
150
400439
2307
Sve jedan ribarski brod zajedno,
06:54
small and large, across the globe,
151
402770
1931
mali i veliki, širom planete,
06:56
together produce about 65 million tons
of wild-caught seafood
of wild-caught seafood
152
404725
3877
zajedno proizvedu oko 65 miliona tona
divljih morskih plodova
divljih morskih plodova
07:00
for human consumption.
153
408626
1397
za ljudsku potrošnju.
07:02
Aquaculture this year,
154
410623
1306
Akvakultura ove godine,
07:03
for the first time in history,
155
411953
1579
prvi put u istoriji,
07:05
actually produces more
than what we catch from the wild.
than what we catch from the wild.
156
413556
2857
zapravo proizvodi više
nego što se uhvati u divljini.
nego što se uhvati u divljini.
07:08
But now this:
157
416874
1151
Međutim sada ovo:
07:10
Demand is going to go up.
158
418049
1354
zahtevi će se povećavati.
07:12
In the next 35 years,
159
420157
1509
U sledećih 35 godina,
07:13
we are going to need an additional
85 million tons to meet demand,
85 million tons to meet demand,
160
421690
4995
trebaće nam dodatnih
85 miliona tona da bismo ispunili zahtev,
85 miliona tona da bismo ispunili zahtev,
07:18
which is one-and-a-half times
as much, almost,
as much, almost,
161
426709
2595
što je jedan i po puta više, skoro,
07:21
as what we catch globally
out of our oceans.
out of our oceans.
162
429328
2559
od onoga što globalno ulovimo
u našim okeanima.
u našim okeanima.
07:25
An enormous number.
163
433140
1326
Ogroman broj.
07:26
It's safe to assume that that's not
going to come from the ocean.
going to come from the ocean.
164
434812
3099
Sigurna je pretpostavka
da to neće doći iz okeana.
da to neće doći iz okeana.
07:29
It needs to come from farming.
165
437935
1669
To mora da se dobije iz uzgoja.
07:32
And talk about farming --
166
440163
1315
Pričajući o uzgoju,
07:33
for farming you need resources.
167
441502
1967
za uzgoj su vam potrebni resursi.
07:36
As a human needs to eat
to grow and stay alive,
to grow and stay alive,
168
444313
2929
Kako čovek mora da jede,
da raste i ostane živ,
da raste i ostane živ,
07:39
so does an animal.
169
447266
1473
tako mora i životinja.
07:40
A cow needs to eat
eight to nine pounds of feed
eight to nine pounds of feed
170
448763
2895
Krava mora da pojede
3,6 do 4 kilograma hrane
3,6 do 4 kilograma hrane
07:43
and drink almost 8,000 liters of water
171
451682
2451
i da popije skoro 8000 litara vode
07:46
to create just one pound of meat.
172
454157
1880
da bi nastalo samo 450 grama mesa.
07:48
Experts agree that it's impossible
173
456535
2043
Stručnjaci se slažu da je nemoguće
07:50
to farm cows for every
inhabitant on this planet.
inhabitant on this planet.
174
458602
3152
da se uzgoje krave
za svakog stanovnika ove planete.
za svakog stanovnika ove planete.
07:53
We just don't have enough feed or water.
175
461778
2738
Prosto nemamo dovoljno hrane ili vode.
07:56
And we can't keep cutting down
rain forests for it.
rain forests for it.
176
464540
2754
Ne možemo da nastavimo
da sečemo prašume zbog toga.
da sečemo prašume zbog toga.
07:59
And fresh water -- planet earth
has a very limited supply.
has a very limited supply.
177
467318
3509
Sveže vode planeta Zemlja
ima u veoma ograničenim količinama.
ima u veoma ograničenim količinama.
08:02
We need something more efficient
178
470851
2111
Treba nam nešto efikasnije
08:04
to keep humankind alive on this planet.
179
472986
2881
da bismo održali ljudski rod u životu
na ovoj planeti.
na ovoj planeti.
08:08
And now let's compare
that with fish farming.
that with fish farming.
180
476517
2147
Sada uporedimo to sa uzgojem ribe.
08:11
You can farm one pound of fish
with just one pound of feed,
with just one pound of feed,
181
479164
3938
Možete da uzgojite 450 grama ribe
sa samo 450 grama hrane,
sa samo 450 grama hrane,
08:15
and depending on species, even less.
182
483126
2332
i, u zavisnosti od vrste, čak i manje.
08:17
And why is that?
183
485845
1230
Zašto je tako?
08:20
Well, that's because fish,
first of all, float.
first of all, float.
184
488099
2769
To je zato što ribe, pre svega, plutaju.
08:22
They don't need to stand around all day
resisting gravity like we do.
resisting gravity like we do.
185
490892
3586
Ne moraju čitav dan
da se opiru gravitaciji, poput nas.
da se opiru gravitaciji, poput nas.
08:26
And most fish are cold-blooded --
186
494806
1754
Većina riba je hladnokrvno,
08:28
they don't need to heat themselves.
187
496584
1680
ne moraju da se greju.
08:30
Fish chills.
188
498288
1168
Ribe su mrtve hladne.
08:31
(Laughter)
189
499480
1621
(Smeh)
08:33
And it needs very little water,
190
501125
1540
Potrebno joj je veoma malo vode,
08:34
which is counterintuitive,
191
502689
1278
što je kontraintuitivno,
08:35
but as we say,
192
503991
1387
ali, kao što kažemo,
08:37
it swims in it but it hardly drinks it.
193
505402
2394
pliva u njoj ali skoro da je ne pije.
08:39
Fish are the most resource-efficient
animal protein available to humankind,
animal protein available to humankind,
194
507820
4413
Riba je najefikasniji izvor
životinjskog proteina ljudskom rodu,
životinjskog proteina ljudskom rodu,
08:44
aside from insects.
195
512257
1435
pored insekata.
08:47
How much we've learned since.
196
515297
1614
Koliko znamo za sada.
08:49
For example, on top of that
65 million tons that's annually caught
65 million tons that's annually caught
197
517482
3437
Na primer, pored tih
65 miliona tona koje se godišnje ulovi
65 miliona tona koje se godišnje ulovi
08:52
for human consumption,
198
520943
1610
za ljudsku upotrebu,
08:54
there's an additional 30 million tons
caught for animal feed,
caught for animal feed,
199
522577
3987
tu je i dodatnih 30 miliona tona
koje se ulove za životinjsku ishranu,
koje se ulove za životinjsku ishranu,
08:58
mostly sardines and anchovies
for the aquaculture industry
for the aquaculture industry
200
526588
3541
većinom sardine i inćuni
za industriju akvakulture
za industriju akvakulture
09:02
that's turned into fish meal and fish oil.
201
530153
2037
koji se pretvaraju u riblji obrok
ili riblje ulje.
ili riblje ulje.
09:04
This is madness.
202
532602
1347
To je ludilo.
09:06
Sixty-five percent of these fisheries,
globally, are badly managed.
globally, are badly managed.
203
534548
3572
65 procenata ovih ribarnica,
globalno, imaju lošu upravu.
globalno, imaju lošu upravu.
09:10
Some of the worst issues
of our time are connected to it.
of our time are connected to it.
204
538144
2710
Neki od najgorih problema današnjice
povezani su sa tim.
povezani su sa tim.
09:12
It's destroying our oceans.
205
540878
1298
To uništava naše okeane.
09:14
The worst slavery issues
imaginable are connected to it.
imaginable are connected to it.
206
542200
3018
Najgori problemi ropstva koje možemo
da zamislimo, povezani su sa tim.
da zamislimo, povezani su sa tim.
09:17
Recently, an article came out of Stanford
207
545702
2810
Nedavno je izašao članak na Stenfordu
09:20
saying that if 50 percent
of the world's aquaculture industry
of the world's aquaculture industry
208
548536
2873
koji kaže da ako 50 procenata
svetske industrije akvakulture
svetske industrije akvakulture
prestane da koristi riblje obroke,
09:23
would stop using fish meal,
209
551433
1302
09:24
our oceans would be saved.
210
552759
1650
naši okeani bili bi spašeni.
09:26
Now think about that for a minute.
211
554837
1655
Sada razmislite o tome na minut.
09:28
Now, we know that the oceans
have far more problems --
have far more problems --
212
556516
3020
Znamo da okeani imaju mnogo više problema,
09:31
they have pollution,
there's acidification,
there's acidification,
213
559560
2785
imaju zagađenja, tu je acidifikacija,
09:34
coral reef destruction and so on.
214
562369
1583
razaranje koralnih grebena itd.
09:35
But it underlines the impact
of our fisheries,
of our fisheries,
215
563976
2537
Međutim, ovo naglašava
uticaj naših ribarnica,
uticaj naših ribarnica,
09:38
and it underlines how
interconnected everything is.
interconnected everything is.
216
566537
2575
i naglašava kako je sve povezano.
09:41
Fisheries, aquaculture, deforestation,
217
569608
3616
Ribarnice, akvakultura, krčenje šuma,
09:45
climate change, food security and so on.
218
573248
3034
klimatske promene, bezbednost hrane itd.
09:48
In the search for alternatives,
219
576834
1502
U potrazi za alternativama,
09:50
the industry, on a massive scale,
220
578360
2055
industrija, na ogromnoj skali,
09:52
has reverted to plant-based alternatives
221
580439
2163
vratila se alternativama na bazi bilja
09:54
like soy, industrial chicken waste,
222
582626
2853
poput soje,
industrijskog kokošijeg otpada,
industrijskog kokošijeg otpada,
09:57
blood meal from slaughterhouses
223
585503
1842
krvavih obroka iz klanica
09:59
and so on.
224
587369
1255
i tako dalje.
10:00
And we understand where
these choices come from,
these choices come from,
225
588648
2464
Razumemo odakle dolaze ovakvi izbori,
10:03
but this is not the right approach.
226
591136
2129
ali ovo nije pravi pristup.
10:05
It's not sustainable,
227
593289
1255
Nije održiv,
10:06
it's not healthy.
228
594568
1174
nije zdrav.
10:07
Have you ever seen a chicken
at the bottom of the ocean?
at the bottom of the ocean?
229
595766
2663
Da li se ikada videli pile na dnu okeana?
10:10
Of course not.
230
598453
1351
Naravno da ne.
10:11
If you feed salmon soy with nothing else,
231
599828
2196
Ako lososa hranite sojom i ničim drugim,
10:14
it literally explodes.
232
602048
1762
bukvalno će eksplodirati.
10:16
Salmon is a carnivore,
233
604463
1152
Losos je mesojed,
10:17
it has no way to digest soy.
234
605639
1895
nema načina da svari soju.
10:21
Now, fish farming is by far
235
609049
2122
Uzgoj ribe je, do sad,
10:23
the best animal farming
available to humankind.
available to humankind.
236
611195
2317
najbolji životinjski uzgoj
dostupan čovečanstvu.
dostupan čovečanstvu.
10:25
But it's had a really bad reputation.
237
613536
2372
Ipak, imao je veoma lošu reputaciju.
10:28
There's been excessive use of chemicals,
238
616373
2179
Bilo je preterane upotrebe hemikalija,
10:30
there's been virus and disease
transfered to wild populations,
transfered to wild populations,
239
618576
3180
virusi i oboljenja preneli su se
na populaciju u divljini,
na populaciju u divljini,
10:33
ecosystem destruction and pollution,
240
621780
2329
uništavanje i zagađenje ekosistema,
odbegle ribe parile su se
sa populacijom u divljini,
sa populacijom u divljini,
10:36
escaped fish breeding
with wild populations,
with wild populations,
241
624133
2214
10:38
altering the overall genetic pool,
242
626371
2000
uopšteno menjajući gene,
10:40
and then of course, as just mentioned,
243
628395
2466
i onda naravno, već pomenuto,
10:42
the unsustainable feed ingredients.
244
630885
2079
neodrživi sastojci hrane.
Kako su blaženi bili dani
10:45
How blessed were the days
245
633396
1243
kada smo prosto mogli da uživamo
u hrani na našem tanjiru.
u hrani na našem tanjiru.
10:46
when we could just enjoy
food that was on our plate,
food that was on our plate,
246
634663
2447
10:49
whatever it was.
247
637134
1205
šta god da je bila.
10:50
Once you know, you know.
248
638825
1539
Jednom kada znaš, znaš.
10:52
You can't go back.
249
640388
1206
Ne možeš nazad.
10:53
It's not fun.
250
641618
1151
Nije zabavno.
10:54
We really need a transparent food
system that we can trust,
system that we can trust,
251
642793
3189
Zaista nam treba transparentan
sistem hrane, kom možemo da verujemo,
sistem hrane, kom možemo da verujemo,
10:58
that produces healthy food.
252
646006
1674
koji proizvodi zdravu hranu.
11:00
But the good news is
253
648726
1199
Ipak, dobre vesti su
11:01
that decades of development and research
254
649949
2913
da su decenije razvoja i istraživanja
11:04
have led to a lot of new
technologies and knowledge
technologies and knowledge
255
652886
2462
dovele do novih tehnologija i saznanja,
11:07
that allow us to do a lot better.
256
655372
1812
koja nam dopuštaju da radimo puno bolje.
11:09
We can now farm fish
without any of these issues.
without any of these issues.
257
657208
2646
Sada možemo da uzgajamo ribu
bez bilo kog od ovih problema.
bez bilo kog od ovih problema.
11:12
I think of agriculture
before the green revolution --
before the green revolution --
258
660548
2881
Razmišljam o poljoprivredi
pre zelene revolucije,
pre zelene revolucije,
11:15
we are at aquaculture
and the blue revolution.
and the blue revolution.
259
663453
3023
mi smo u akvakulturi i plavoj revoluciji.
11:19
New technologies means
260
667817
1237
Nove tehnologije znače
11:21
that we can now produce a feed
that's perfectly natural,
that's perfectly natural,
261
669078
3568
da možemo da proizvodimo hranu
koja je savršeno prirodna,
koja je savršeno prirodna,
11:24
with a minimal footprint
262
672670
1184
sa minimalnim delom
11:25
that consists of microbes, insects,
seaweeds and micro-algae.
seaweeds and micro-algae.
263
673878
3945
koji sadrži mikrobe, insekte,
alge i mikro alge.
alge i mikro alge.
11:30
Healthy for the people,
264
678689
1303
Zdrava za ljude,
11:32
healthy for the fish,
265
680016
1151
zdrava za ribu,
11:33
healthy for the planet.
266
681191
1321
zdrava za planetu.
Mikrobi, na primer,
11:35
Microbes, for example,
267
683293
1150
mogu biti savršena alternativa
za riblji obrok visokog kvaliteta,
za riblji obrok visokog kvaliteta,
11:36
can be a perfect alternative
for high-grade fish meal --
for high-grade fish meal --
268
684467
2849
11:39
at scale.
269
687340
1155
na skali.
11:40
Insects are the --
270
688801
2083
Insekti su,
11:42
well, first of all, the perfect recycling
271
690908
1961
pa, pre svega, savršeni za reciklažu,
11:44
because they're grown on food waste;
272
692893
1730
jer rastu na otpadu hrane;
11:46
but second,
273
694647
1152
ali drugo,
11:47
think of fly-fishing,
274
695823
1151
razmislite o mušičarenju,
11:48
and you know how logical
it actually is to use it as fish feed.
it actually is to use it as fish feed.
275
696998
3313
i znate kako je zapravo logično
da se to koristi kao riblja hrana.
da se to koristi kao riblja hrana.
11:52
You don't need large tracts of land for it
276
700712
2023
Ne treba vam velik deo zemlje za to
11:54
and you don't need
to cut down rain forests for it.
to cut down rain forests for it.
277
702759
2410
i ne morate zbog toga
da sečete prašume.
da sečete prašume.
11:57
And microbes and insects are actually
net water producers.
net water producers.
278
705870
3089
Mikrobi i insekti su, u stvari,
čisti proizvođači vode.
čisti proizvođači vode.
12:01
This revolution is starting as we speak,
279
709509
2229
Ova revolucija počinje dok pričamo,
12:03
it just needs scale.
280
711762
1477
samo joj je potrebna razmera.
12:06
We can now farm far more
species than ever before
species than ever before
281
714492
3067
Sada možemo da uzgajamo
mnogo više vrsta nego pre
mnogo više vrsta nego pre
12:09
in controlled, natural conditions,
creating happy fish.
creating happy fish.
282
717583
3637
u kontrolisanim, prirodnim uslovima,
stvarajući srećne ribe.
stvarajući srećne ribe.
12:13
I imagine, for example,
283
721897
1284
Ja zamišljam, na primer,
12:15
a closed system that's performing
more efficiently than insect farming,
more efficiently than insect farming,
284
723205
5608
zatvoren sistem koji radi efikasnije
od uzgoja insekata,
od uzgoja insekata,
12:20
where you can produce
healthy, happy, delicious fish
healthy, happy, delicious fish
285
728837
3244
gde možemo proizvesti
zdrave, srećne, ukusne ribe
zdrave, srećne, ukusne ribe
sa malo ili bez otpadnih voda,
12:24
with little or no effluent,
286
732105
1372
12:25
almost no energy and almost no water
287
733501
2460
skoro bez energije i skoro bez vode
12:27
and a natural feed
with a minimal footprint.
with a minimal footprint.
288
735985
2309
i prirodna hrana sa minimalnom površinom.
12:31
Or a system where you grow
up to 10 species next to each other --
up to 10 species next to each other --
289
739084
3227
Ili sistem gde se uzgaja
do 10 vrsta jedne pored drugih,
do 10 vrsta jedne pored drugih,
12:34
off of each other,
290
742335
1376
udaljene jedne od drugih,
12:35
mimicking nature.
291
743735
1440
imitirajući prirodu.
12:37
You need very little feed,
292
745918
1370
Potrebno je vrlo malo hrane,
12:39
very little footprint.
293
747312
1222
vrlo mala površina.
12:40
I think of seaweed growing
off the effluent of fish, for example.
off the effluent of fish, for example.
294
748558
3901
Ja uzgoj algi posmatram
kao oticanje ribe, na primer.
kao oticanje ribe, na primer.
12:46
There's great technologies
popping up all over the globe.
popping up all over the globe.
295
754453
2795
Tu je sjajna tehnologija
koja se stvara širom planete.
koja se stvara širom planete.
12:49
From alternatives to battle disease
296
757574
2179
Od alternativa za borbu sa oboljenjima,
12:51
so we don't need antibiotics
and chemicals anymore,
and chemicals anymore,
297
759777
2865
tako da nam antibiotici i hemikalije
više ne budu potrebni,
više ne budu potrebni,
12:54
to automated feeders that feel
when the fish are hungry,
when the fish are hungry,
298
762666
3656
do automatskih hranilica
koje osete kada su ribe gladne,
koje osete kada su ribe gladne,
12:58
so we can save on feed
and create less pollution.
and create less pollution.
299
766346
3291
da bismo mogli da uštedimo na hrani
i stvaramo manje zagađenja.
i stvaramo manje zagađenja.
Softverski sistemi koji skupljaju
informacije širom farmi,
informacije širom farmi,
13:02
Software systems that gather
data across farms,
data across farms,
300
770016
2603
13:04
so we can improve farm practices.
301
772643
1886
da možemo da unapredimo praksu uzgoja.
13:07
There's really cool stuff
happening all over the globe.
happening all over the globe.
302
775127
2856
Postoje stvarno sjajne stvari
koje se dešavaju širom planete.
koje se dešavaju širom planete.
13:10
And make no mistake --
all of these things are possible
all of these things are possible
303
778670
2643
Nemojte da pravite grešku,
sve ove stvari su moguće
sve ove stvari su moguće
13:13
at a cost that's competitive
to what a farmer spends today.
to what a farmer spends today.
304
781337
3135
za trošak koji je konkurentan
onom što uzgajivači danas potroše.
onom što uzgajivači danas potroše.
13:17
Tomorrow, there will be no excuse
for anyone to not do the right thing.
for anyone to not do the right thing.
305
785024
3947
Sutra, neće biti izgovora bilo za koga
da ne uradi pravu stvar.
da ne uradi pravu stvar.
13:22
So somebody needs to connect the dots
306
790164
2259
Dakle neko treba da poveže tačkice
13:24
and give these developments
a big kick in the butt.
a big kick in the butt.
307
792447
2583
i da ovim događajima
veliki podstrek.
veliki podstrek.
13:27
And that's what we've been working on
the last couple of years,
the last couple of years,
308
795054
3017
To je ono na čemu smo radili
poslednjih nekoliko godina,
poslednjih nekoliko godina,
13:30
and that's what we need
to be working on together --
to be working on together --
309
798095
2486
i to je ono na čemu treba
da radimo zajedno,
da radimo zajedno,
13:33
rethinking everything from the ground up,
310
801049
2351
da preispitamo sve od osnova,
13:35
with a holistic view
across the value chain,
across the value chain,
311
803424
2519
sa holističkim pogledom
na lanac vrednosti,
na lanac vrednosti,
13:37
connecting all these things
across the globe,
across the globe,
312
805967
2134
povezujući sve te stvari širom planete,
13:40
alongside great entrepreneurs
313
808125
2048
zajedno sa sjajnim preduzetnicima
13:42
that are willing to share
a collective vision.
a collective vision.
314
810197
2573
koji su voljni da dele zajedničku viziju.
13:45
Now is the time to create
change in this industry
change in this industry
315
813474
2833
Sada je vreme
da se napravi promena u industriji
da se napravi promena u industriji
13:48
and to push it into
a sustainable direction.
a sustainable direction.
316
816331
2211
i da se pogura ka održivom pravcu.
Ova industrija je i dalje mlada,
13:50
This industry is still young,
317
818566
1422
13:52
much of its growth is still ahead.
318
820012
1692
još preostaje mnogo razvijanja.
To je velik zadatak, ali ne
i nedostižan kao što možda mislite.
i nedostižan kao što možda mislite.
13:54
It's a big task, but not
as far-fetched as you might think.
as far-fetched as you might think.
319
822041
2834
13:56
It's possible.
320
824899
1150
To je moguće.
13:59
So we need to take pressure off the ocean.
321
827032
2177
Moramo da smanjimo pritisak sa okeana.
14:01
We want to eat good and healthy.
322
829233
1547
Želimo da jedemo dobro i zdravo.
14:02
And if we eat an animal,
it needs to be one
it needs to be one
323
830804
2072
Ako pojedemo životinju, mora da bude ona
koja je imala srećan i zdrav život.
14:04
that had a happy and healthy life.
324
832900
1658
14:06
We need to have a meal that we can trust,
325
834582
2207
Moramo da imamo obrok
kom možemo da verujemo,
kom možemo da verujemo,
14:08
live long lives.
326
836813
1213
da ćemo imati dug život.
14:10
And this is not just for people
in San Francisco or Northern Europe --
in San Francisco or Northern Europe --
327
838577
3899
Ovo nije samo za ljude u San Francisku
ili Severnoj Evropi,
ili Severnoj Evropi,
14:14
this is for all of us.
328
842500
1846
ovo je za sve nas.
14:16
Even in the poorest countries,
329
844370
1660
Čak i u najsiromašnijim zemljama,
14:18
it's not just about money.
330
846054
1510
ne radi se samo o novcu.
14:19
People prefer something fresh
and healthy that they can trust
and healthy that they can trust
331
847588
3816
Ljudi više žele nešto sveže i zdravo,
čemu mogu da veruju
čemu mogu da veruju
14:23
over something that comes from far away
that they know nothing about.
that they know nothing about.
332
851428
3792
nego nešto iz daleka,
o čemu ne znaju ništa.
o čemu ne znaju ništa.
14:27
We're all the same.
333
855244
1316
Svi smo mi isti.
14:30
The day will come
334
858267
1151
Doći će dan
14:31
where people will realize -- no, demand --
farmed fish on their plate
farmed fish on their plate
335
859442
3241
kada će ljudi shvatiti, ne, zahtevati,
ribu iz uzgoja na svom tanjiru
ribu iz uzgoja na svom tanjiru
14:34
that's farmed well
and that's farmed healthy --
and that's farmed healthy --
336
862727
2357
koja je odgajana dobro i zdravo,
14:38
and refuse anything less.
337
866204
1254
i odbiće bilo šta drugo.
14:39
You can help speed this up.
338
867482
1369
Možete pomoći da se ovo ubrza.
14:41
Ask questions when you order seafood.
339
869163
2358
Pitajte kada naručujete morsku hranu.
14:43
Where does my fish come from?
340
871545
1857
Odakle moja riba dolazi?
14:45
Who raised it,
341
873426
1515
Ko ju je odgajio,
14:46
and what did it eat?
342
874965
1365
i šta je jela?
14:49
Information about where your fish
comes from and how it was produced
comes from and how it was produced
343
877008
3659
Informacija o tome odakle riba dolazi
i kako je proizvedena
i kako je proizvedena
14:52
needs to be much more readily available.
344
880691
2142
mora biti dostupnija.
14:55
And consumers need to put pressure
on the aquaculture industry
on the aquaculture industry
345
883663
3184
Potrošači moraju da pritisnu
industriju akvakulture
industriju akvakulture
14:58
to do the right thing.
346
886871
1292
da uradi ispravnu stvar.
15:00
So every time you order,
347
888653
2043
Dakle, svaki put kada naručite,
15:02
ask for detail
348
890720
1967
pitajte za detalje
i pokažite da vam je zaista stalo
do onoga što želite da jedete
do onoga što želite da jedete
15:04
and show that you really care
about what you eat
about what you eat
349
892711
2482
15:07
and what's been given to you.
350
895217
1430
i onoga što vam se daje.
15:08
And eventually, they will listen.
351
896999
2344
Na kraju će poslušati.
15:11
And all of us will benefit.
352
899367
1797
Svi ćemo imati koristi.
15:13
Thank you.
353
901575
1151
Hvala.
15:14
(Applause)
354
902750
2583
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mike Velings - Entrepreneur and conservationistMike Velings understands the potential for business to create durable solutions to complex world problems.
Why you should listen
Mike Velings is the co-founder and the driving force behind Aqua-Spark, a global investment fund for sustainable aquaculture, combining a healthy financial profit with environmental and social impact. A lifelong entrepreneur, Mike has spent decades jumpstarting a range of successful businesses. Among other ventures, he co-founded Connexie, which has helped catalyze a professional employment industry across the Netherlands.
Mike naturally combines his business background with environmental and social engagement. He understands the potential for business to create durable solutions to complex world problems. With this in mind, Mike founded Aqua-Spark, an investment company that assists entrepreneurs across the globe in realizing their visions of a startup with a world-changing element. Through Aqua-Spark he has invested in a broad range of ventures over the years — both in the developed and developing world.
Mike serves on several boards and is a member of the Conservation International’s Leadership Council as well as an Honorary Global Marine Fellow.
Mike Velings | Speaker | TED.com