TED2007
Adam Grosser: A mobile fridge for vaccines
Adam Groser (Adam Grosser) i njegov održivi frižider
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Adam Groser govori o projektu za izradu frižidera koji radi bez električne energije i dovođenju ove neophodne sprave u sela i klinike širom sveta. Prilagođavanjem nekih starih tehnologija, on je izumeo sistem koji radi.
Adam Grosser - Venture capitalist
Adam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary. Full bio
Adam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
This is a work in process,
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Ovo istraživanje i dalje traje,
00:16
based on some comments that were made
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na osnovu nekih komentara koji su dati
00:19
at TED two years ago
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na TED-u pre dve godine
00:20
about the need for the storage of vaccine.
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o potrebi za pohranjivanjem vakcina.
00:24
(Music)
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(Muzika)
00:25
(Video) Narrator: On this planet,
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(Video) Narator: Na našoj planeti,
00:26
1.6 billion people
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1,6 milijardi ljudi
00:28
don't have access to electricity,
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nema pristup električnoj energiji,
00:30
refrigeration
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hlađenju
00:34
or stored fuels.
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ili gorivu.
00:38
This is a problem.
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Ovo predstavlja problem.
00:40
It impacts:
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Ovo utiče na:
00:44
the spread of disease,
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širenje zaraza i bolesti,
00:46
the storage of food and medicine
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pohranjivanje hrane i lekova
00:49
and the quality of life.
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i kvalitet života.
00:52
So here's the plan: inexpensive refrigeration that doesn't use electricity,
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Ovo je plan: jeftini frižideri koji ne koriste struju,
00:55
propane, gas, kerosene or consumables.
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propan, gas, kerozin ili drugo gorivo.
01:00
Time for some thermodynamics.
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Vreme je za termodinamiku.
01:02
And the story of the Intermittent Absorption Refrigerator.
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Priča o frižiderima naizmenične apsorpcije.
01:05
Adam Grosser: So 29 years ago, I had this thermo teacher
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Adam Groser: Dakle, pre 29 godina, imao sam učitelja
01:09
who talked about absorption and refrigeration.
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koji je govorio o apsorpciji i zamrzavanju.
01:10
It's one of those things that stuck in my head.
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To je jedna od onih stvari koja vam ostane u glavi.
01:12
It was a lot like the Stirling engine:
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Ličilo je mnogo na Sterlingov motor:
01:13
it was cool, but you didn't know what to do with it.
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bilo je zanimljivo, ali niste znali šta da radite sa tim.
01:16
And it was invented in 1858, by this guy Ferdinand Carre,
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Ferdinad Kar je izmislio ovo 1858.
01:19
but he couldn't actually build anything with it
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ali nije mogao ništa da započne sa tim
01:20
because of the tools of the time.
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jer u to vreme nije imao potrebne alate.
01:23
This crazy Canadian named Powel Crosley
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Paul Krosli, jedan ludi Kanađanin,
01:27
commercialized this thing called the IcyBall in 1928,
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je 1928. komercijalizovao mašinu zvanu IcyBall,
01:29
and it was a really neat idea,
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i to je bila zaista super ideja
01:31
and I'll get to why it didn't work,
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reći ću zašto nije radila,
01:32
but here's how it works.
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ali evo kako ona funkcioniše.
01:34
There's two spheres and they're separated in distance.
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Postoje dve kugle koje su razmaknute.
01:36
One has a working fluid, water and ammonia,
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U jednoj se nalaze voda i amonijak,
01:39
and the other is a condenser.
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a druga je kondenzator.
01:40
You heat up one side, the hot side.
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Zagrejete jednu stranu, toplu stranu.
01:42
The ammonia evaporates
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Amonijak ispari
01:43
and it re-condenses in the other side.
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i re-kondenzuje se na drugoj strani.
01:46
You let it cool to room temperature,
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Ostavite da se ohladni na sobnoj temperaturi
01:47
and then, as the ammonia re-evaporates and combines with the water
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kada se amonijak rekondenzuje i spoji sa vodom
01:51
back on the erstwhile hot side,
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na drugoj strani, na topoloj strani,
01:52
it creates a powerful cooling effect.
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ovo stvara snažni efekat hlađenja.
01:55
So, it was a great idea that didn't work at all: it blew up.
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Dakle, bila je to sjajna ideja ali nije funkcionisala:
eksplodiralo je.
eksplodiralo je.
01:58
Because using ammonia you get hugely high pressures
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Jer, koristeći amonijak dobija se veliki pritisak
02:03
if you heated them wrong.
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ako se zagreva na pogrešan način.
02:04
It topped 400 psi. The ammonia was toxic. It sprayed everywhere.
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Premašilo je 400 paskala. Amonijak je bio otrovan i
raspršivao se na sve strane.
raspršivao se na sve strane.
02:08
But it was kind of an interesting thought.
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Ali to je bila zanimljiva ideja.
02:10
So, the great thing about 2006 is
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Sjajna stvar u vezi sa 2006. jeste to
02:13
there's a lot of really great computational work you can do.
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da postoje odlične računske radnje koje mogu biti urađene.
02:16
So, we got the whole thermodynamics department
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Tako smo uposlili celu katedru termodinamike
02:19
at Stanford involved --
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na univerzitetu Stenford,
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a lot of computational fluid dynamics.
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mnogo računskih radnji na dinamici fluida.
02:22
We proved that most of the ammonia refrigeration tables are wrong.
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Dokazali smo da su tablice zamrzavanja
amonijaka bile pogrešne.
amonijaka bile pogrešne.
02:25
We found some non-toxic refrigerants
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Pronašli smo neke netoksične supstance
02:28
that worked at very low vapor pressures.
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kojima je moguće zamrzavati sa malo pritiska.
02:29
Brought in a team from the U.K. --
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Doveli smo tim iz Velike Britanije,
02:32
there's a lot of great refrigeration people,
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mnogo je sjajnih ljudi koji se bave ovim poslom
02:33
it turned out, in the U.K. --
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u Velikoj Britaniji,
02:35
and built a test rig, and proved that, in fact,
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i sagradili smo opremu koja zapravo dokazuje
02:37
we could make a low pressure, non-toxic refrigerator.
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da možemo da sagradimo frižider malog pritiska
sa netoksičnim supstancama.
sa netoksičnim supstancama.
02:41
So, this is the way it works.
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Dakle, evo kako funkcioniše.
02:42
You put it on a cooking fire.
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Postavi se na vatru na kojoj se kuva.
02:43
Most people have cooking fires in the world,
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Mnogi ljudi imaju ovakva mesta,
02:45
whether it's camel dung or wood.
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koja koriste drvo ili izmet kamile.
02:47
It heats up for about 30 minutes, cools for an hour.
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Zagreva se oko 30 minuta i hladi oko sat vremena.
02:50
Put it into a container
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Stavi se u posudu
02:53
and it will refrigerate for 24 hours.
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i služiće kao frižider naredna 24 sata.
02:55
It looks like this. This is the fifth prototype. It's not quite done.
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Ovako to izgleda. Ovo je peti prototip, nije još dovršen.
02:59
Weighs about eight pounds, and this is the way it works.
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Teži oko 3 kilograma i ovako funkcioniše.
03:02
You put it into a 15-liter vessel, about three gallons,
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Stavi se u sud od 15 litara,
03:06
and it'll cool it down to just above freezing --
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i rashladi ga do tačke smrzavanja,
03:08
three degrees above freezing --
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3 stepena pre tačke smrzavanja,
03:10
for 24 hours in a 30 degree C environment. It's really cheap.
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na 24 sata u prostor u kome je 30 stepeni Celzijusovih.
Veoma je jeftino.
Veoma je jeftino.
03:13
We think we can build these in high volumes for about 25 dollars,
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Smatramo da možemo da proizvedemo
velike količine po 25 dolara
velike količine po 25 dolara
03:16
in low volumes for about 40 dollars.
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i u manjim količinama od po 40 dolara.
03:18
And we think we can make refrigeration
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Smatramo da možemo da napravimo frižidere
03:21
something that everybody can have.
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koje svi mogu da koriste.
03:22
Thank you.
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Hvala.
03:23
(Applause)
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(aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adam Grosser - Venture capitalistAdam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary.
Why you should listen
Adam Grosser is a venture capitalist, working with startups that are exploring new ideas in data communications, electronics and energy management. With a background in engineering and entertainment, he enjoys looking for opportunities that map over a few of his passions -- which also include greentech.
His passion for a sustainable solution to refrigeration -- for storing food and medicines -- led to the project he describes in his 2007 TEDTalk.
Adam Grosser | Speaker | TED.com