TED2011
Sebastian Thrun: Google's driverless car
塞巴斯蒂安·斯伦：来自谷歌的无人驾驶汽车
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塞巴斯蒂安·斯伦出于减少交通事故并挽救生命的目的，参与了谷歌无人驾驶汽车的研发制造。令人称奇的视频展示了在DARPA举办的无人驾驶汽车大赛中胜出者在没有驾驶员的情况下穿梭与繁忙的城市交通中，来自TED2011的试驾镜头也展现了这部车究竟能够开多快。
Sebastian Thrun - Educator, entrepreneur
Sebastian Thrun is a passionate technologist who is constantly looking for new opportunities to make the world better for all of us. Full bio
Sebastian Thrun is a passionate technologist who is constantly looking for new opportunities to make the world better for all of us. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
As a boy,
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作为一个男孩儿，
00:17
I loved cars.
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我很喜欢汽车。
00:19
When I turned 18,
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在我18岁的时候，
00:21
I lost my best friend to a car accident.
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我最好的朋友在一场车祸中丧生。
00:25
Like this.
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就像这样。
00:27
And then I decided I'd dedicate my life
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从那时起我便决定要尽我所能
00:30
to saving one million people
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每年都去
00:32
every year.
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挽救一百万人的生命。
00:34
Now I haven't succeeded, so this is just a progress report,
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目前为止我还没有成功，所以这只是一个进度报告，
00:37
but I'm here to tell you a little bit about self-driving cars.
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而更主要的是，我会介绍一些关于无人驾驶汽车的事。
00:40
I saw the concept first
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我第一次得知这个概念
00:42
in the DARPA Grand Challenges
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是在美国国防部高级研究计划局(DARPA)举办的无人驾驶汽车大赛上，
00:44
where the U.S. government issued a prize
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在该赛事上，能成功穿越一片沙漠的无人驾驶汽车
00:46
to build a self-driving car that could navigate a desert.
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将获得由美国政府颁布的奖项。
00:49
And even though a hundred teams were there,
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尽管当时有一百只参赛队伍，
00:52
these cars went nowhere.
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仍然没有一辆车能成功到达终点。
00:55
So we decided at Stanford to build a different self-driving car.
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于是我们决定在斯坦福建造一部不同的无人驾驶汽车，
00:58
We built the hardware and the software.
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包括硬件和软件。
01:01
We made it learn from us,
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我们让它学习我们的驾驶技能，
01:03
and we set it free in the desert.
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然后任其穿越沙漠。
01:06
And the unimaginable happened:
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不可思议的事发生了：
01:08
it became the first car
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它成为DARPA无人驾驶汽车大赛中
01:10
to ever return from a DARPA Grand Challenge,
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第一部回来了的汽车－－
01:12
winning Stanford 2 million dollars.
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这也为斯坦福赢得了两百万美元的奖金。
01:17
Yet I still hadn't saved a single life.
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但我还没挽救任何生命。
01:20
Since, our work has focused
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自那时起，我们便开始专注于
01:23
on building driving cars
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建造一部能在任何地方
01:25
that can drive anywhere by themselves --
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加州的任何一条街道，
01:28
any street in California.
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自己驾驶的汽车。
01:30
We've driven 140,000 miles.
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我们已经让它成功行驶了14万英里。
01:33
Our cars have sensors
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通过传感器
01:36
by which they magically can see
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我们的汽车可以神奇的看到
01:39
everything around them
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它周围的一切事物
01:41
and make decisions
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并据此对如何驾驶
01:43
about every aspect of driving.
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做出判断。
01:46
It's the perfect driving mechanism.
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它是一个完美的驾驶机器。
01:49
We've driven in cities,
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我们乘坐它在城市里行驶
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like in San Francisco here.
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像旧金山这样的城市。
01:53
We've driven from San Francisco to Los Angeles on Highway 1.
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我们也乘坐它在1号高速公路上从旧金山到达洛杉矶。
01:57
We've encountered joggers,
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我们遇到过栏杆，
01:59
busy highways, toll booths,
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拥挤的公路堵车，收费站，
02:02
and this is without a person in the loop;
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这些过程中并没有进行人工干预，
02:04
the car just drives itself.
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完全由汽车自己驾驶。
02:06
In fact, while we drove 140,000 miles,
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事实上，我们行驶了14万英里，
02:09
people didn't even notice.
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都没有人注意到这是一部无人驾驶汽车。
02:12
Mountain roads,
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盘山公路，
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day and night,
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日间和夜晚，
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and even crooked Lombard Street
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甚至包括旧金山的
02:20
in San Francisco.
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伦巴底街（九曲花街）。
02:22
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
02:25
Sometimes our cars get so crazy,
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有时候我们的车也会疯狂一下，
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they even do little stunts.
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做一些小特技。
02:32
(Video) Man: Oh, my God.
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（视频）男子：噢，我的天。
02:36
What?
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什么？
02:38
Second Man: It's driving itself.
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另一男子：它在自己驾驶。
02:42
Sebastian Thrun: Now I can't get my friend Harold back to life,
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塞巴斯蒂安·斯伦：现在我无法让我的朋友哈罗德起死回生，
02:45
but I can do something for all the people who died.
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但我可以为其他的死者做些什么。
02:47
Do you know that driving accidents
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你是否知道驾驶事故
02:50
are the number one cause of death for young people?
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是年轻人死亡的第一大原因？
02:53
And do you realize that almost all of those
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你是否注意到几乎所有这些事故
02:56
are due to human error
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都是由人为错误造成的
02:59
and not machine error,
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而不是机器故障，
03:01
and can therefore be prevented by machines?
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因此我们是否可以让机器来保护我们？
03:05
Do you realize
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你是否意识到
03:07
that we could change the capacity of highways
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我们能让高速公路的承载量提升
03:10
by a factor of two or three
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2到3倍
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if we didn't rely on human precision
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前提是我们不依赖于
03:15
on staying in the lane --
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人类在行车道间驾驶的精确性 －－
03:17
improve body position
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我们通过优化车辆的位置
03:19
and therefore drive a little bit closer together
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让它们在较窄的行车道上
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on a little bit narrower lanes,
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近距离的行驶，
03:23
and do away with all traffic jams on highways?
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进而可以消除高速公路拥堵？
03:28
Do you realize that you, TED users,
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你又是否意识到在座的各位，
03:31
spend an average
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平均每天
03:33
of 52 minutes per day
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花费52分钟
03:35
in traffic,
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在交通上，
03:37
wasting your time
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在你的日常交通中
03:39
on your daily commute?
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浪费时间？
03:42
You could regain this time.
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你可以重新获得这些时间。
03:44
This is four billion hours
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单就在美国
03:46
wasted in this country alone.
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浪费的时间就高达40亿小时。
03:49
And it's 2.4 billion gallons of gasoline wasted.
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同时被浪费的汽油高达24亿加仑。
03:53
Now I think there's a vision here, a new technology,
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现在我憧憬一种新的科技，
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and I'm really looking forward to a time
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它能使不久的未来
03:58
when generations after us look back at us
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我们的后代回望我们这一代的时候
04:00
and say how ridiculous it was that humans were driving cars.
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会觉得由人来驾驶汽车是多么的荒谬。
04:03
Thank you.
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谢谢。
04:05
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sebastian Thrun - Educator, entrepreneurSebastian Thrun is a passionate technologist who is constantly looking for new opportunities to make the world better for all of us.
Why you should listen
Sebastian Thrun is an educator, entrepreneur and troublemaker. After a long life as a professor at Stanford University, Thrun resigned from tenure to join Google. At Google, he founded Google X, home to self-driving cars and many other moonshot technologies. Thrun also founded Udacity, an online university with worldwide reach, and Kitty Hawk, a "flying car" company. He has authored 11 books, 400 papers, holds 3 doctorates and has won numerous awards.
Sebastian Thrun | Speaker | TED.com