Jamila Raqib: The secret to effective nonviolent resistance
جميلة رقيب: سر المقاومة السلمية الفعالة
Jamila Raqib works on pragmatic approaches to nonviolent action for activists, human rights organizations, academics and governments globally. Full bio
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since I can remember.
منذ ما أستطيع أن أتذكر.
just six months after the Soviets invaded,
ستة أشهر بعد الغزو السوفياتي
to understand what was happening,
ما أزال صغيرة لأفهم ما كان يجري،
and the fear around me.
بالمعاناة والخوف من حولي.
on how I now think about war and conflict.
على كيفية تفكيري بالحروب والصراعات الآن.
have a fundamental issue at stake,
للناس مسألة رئيسية على المحك،
to resist and to fight back.
للمقاومة والرد.
and terrible violence is,
مهما كان العنف مدمرًا أو رهيبًا،
with the level of violence in the world.
that violence is morally wrong.
and as effective as violence.
الثلاث عشرة سنة الماضية،
situations around the world
struggle to conduct conflict.
من أجال إدارة الصراع.
with Gandhi and Martin Luther King.
غاندي ومارتن لوثر كينج.
nonviolent action for thousands of years.
that we have today in this country --
معظم الحقوق التي نتمتع بها في هذا البلد --
with the environment --
who fought for them
from this history,
is widely misunderstood.
يُساء فهمه على نطاق واسع.
of Ethiopian activists,
من النشطاء الأثيوبيين،
that I hear a lot.
tried nonviolent action,
النضال السلمي،
and that was the end of that.
وكانت هذه نهاية القصة.
is equivalent to street protests
مساوية للاحتجاج في الشارع
way to show that people want change,
لإظهار رغبة الناس في التغيير،
actually create change --
people what they want
by destroying an opponent,
عن طريق تدمير الخصم،
التي يحتاجها الخصم للنجاة،
that an opponent needs to survive,
those sources of power.
can neutralize the military
يُبطلوا مفعول الجيش
through strikes and boycotts.
عن طريق الاعتصامات والمقاطعات.
government propaganda
that can be used to do this.
يمكن استخدامها من أجل ذلك.
of nonviolent action.
by corrupt former military officials
مسؤولين عسكريين سابقين فاسدين
to do anything about it --
بعدم القدرة على فعل أي شيء --
just 12 regular people,
اثنا عشر شخصًا اعتياديًا فقط،
to their friends
holding signs with a message:
حاملين لافتات تقول:
as protests spread throughout the country.
تنتشر الاحتجاجات خلال البلاد.
to various government buildings
لمبانٍ حكومية مختلفة
from running for office,
that they couldn't just keep protesting
أن يكتفوا بالاحتجاج
the country refused to work.
أن يعملوا.
and schools shut their doors.
ومدرسة أغلقوا أبوابهم.
blocked major roads.
في كل أنحاء البلاد.
government officials,
of people using nonviolent action
الصراع السلمي
في أوغندا
are confused about what to do with them.
في حيرة عما ينبغي أن تفعله بهم.
the color of the ruling party.
بنفس لون الحزب الحاكم،
are getting better at grabbing headlines,
يجيدون تصدر عناوين الصحف،
ليس لها تأثير كبير
his troops into battle
nonviolent movements operate.
التحركات السلمية في العالم.
as military warfare,
تمامًا كالحروب العسكرية،
and have clear objectives,
وأن يكون لهم أهداف وضحة،
of how to achieve those objectives.
تمكنهم من الوصول لأهدافهم.
over thousands of years
على مر آلاف من السنين
dedicated to understanding
تم تكريسها لفهم
is rarely systematically studied,
ما يتم دراسته بشكل منهجي،
in the world who are teaching it.
الذين يدرسونه في العالم.
approaches of dealing with conflict
للتعامل مع الصراعات
challenges that we're facing.
الجديدة التي نواجهها.
in its war against ISIS.
ضد داعش.
using nonviolent action.
مستخدمين انضال السلمي.
في يونيو 2014،
in place a new public school curriculum,
دراسيًا جديدًا
homeschool their children
تعليم أطفالهم في المنزل
of just one act of defiance
of nonviolent resistance
المقاومة السلمية
was part of a larger strategy
كانت جزءًا من استراتيجية أكبر
that ISIS needs to function;
تحتاجها داعش للعمل؛
تحتاجها لإنتاج الطعام،
to extract and refine oil;
باستخراج البترول وتكريره،
and communications networks
ووسائل التواصل،
that ISIS relies on?
to imagine defeating ISIS
the way we think about conflict
طريقة تفكيرنا تجاه الصراع،
nonviolent action has worked
أينما نجح النضال السلمي
systems and technologies
to better meet human needs.
لتستوفي -بشكل أفضل- احتياجات البشر.
nonviolent action
used in place of war.
بشكل متزايد بدلًا من الحرب.
could then be abandoned
العنف كوسيلة للصراع،
with weapons that are more effective.
nonviolent struggle more powerful
أن نجعل النضال السلمي أقوى
technologies of war.
lies not in condemning violence
في شجب العنف،
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jamila Raqib - PeacemakerJamila Raqib works on pragmatic approaches to nonviolent action for activists, human rights organizations, academics and governments globally.
Why you should listen
Jamila Raqib is the executive director of the Albert Einstein Institution, which promotes the study and strategic use of nonviolent action worldwide. Since 2002, she has worked closely with Dr. Gene Sharp, the world's foremost scholar on strategic nonviolent action. Together, they developed a curriculum titled Self-Liberation: A Guide to Strategic Planning for Action to End a Dictatorship or Other Oppression. The publication is intended to provide in-depth guidance for planning a strategic nonviolent struggle.
Raqib represents the Institution at a number of domestic and international forums such as the Oslo Freedom Forum and the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations. Her work centers on presenting a pragmatic approach to nonviolent action to activists, human rights organizations, academics and governments. She travels throughout the world conducting consultations and workshops for individuals and groups seeking to achieve diverse goals such as opposing dictatorship, combatting corruption, attaining political rights, economic justice, environmental protection and women's empowerment.
She holds a B.A. in Management from Simmons College in Boston, MA, and is a Research Affiliate of the Center for International Studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Jamila Raqib | Speaker | TED.com