Jamila Raqib: The secret to effective nonviolent resistance
자밀라 라큅 (Jamila Raqub): 효과적인 비폭력 저항의 비결
Jamila Raqib works on pragmatic approaches to nonviolent action for activists, human rights organizations, academics and governments globally. Full bio
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since I can remember.
전쟁은 제 인생의 일부였습니다.
just six months after the Soviets invaded,
아프가니스탄에서 태어났습니다.
to understand what was happening,
너무 어린 나이였지만
and the fear around me.
가슴 깊이 느낄 수 있었습니다.
on how I now think about war and conflict.
대한 생각에 큰 영향을 끼쳤습니다.
have a fundamental issue at stake,
to resist and to fight back.
and terrible violence is,
파괴적이고 끔찍한 폭력도
with the level of violence in the world.
폭력에 대해 걱정하고 있습니다.
that violence is morally wrong.
끝나지는 않을 것입니다.
and as effective as violence.
효과적인 방법을 제시해야 할 겁니다.
situations around the world
사람들의 이야기와
struggle to conduct conflict.
해결할지 이야기하고 있습니다.
with Gandhi and Martin Luther King.
간디와 마틴 루터킹을 떠올립니다.
nonviolent action for thousands of years.
비폭력 행동을 해 왔습니다.
that we have today in this country --
with the environment --
시민으로서의 권리들은
who fought for them
from this history,
역사에서 배우지 못했기 때문에
is widely misunderstood.
잘못 알려지게 되었습니다.
of Ethiopian activists,
활동가 그룹을 만났습니다.
that I hear a lot.
많이 듣는 이야기를 했습니다.
tried nonviolent action,
비폭력 행동을 시도해 보았고
and that was the end of that.
그렇게 시위가 끝났습니다.
is equivalent to street protests
동일시하는 것이
way to show that people want change,
표현하는 훌륭한 방법이지만
actually create change --
변화를 만들어 내지 않습니다.
people what they want
by destroying an opponent,
상대를 무너뜨리는 것입니다.
that an opponent needs to survive,
필요한 제도를 파악하고
those sources of power.
can neutralize the military
군인들을 떠나게 만들어
through strikes and boycotts.
경제를 뒤집을 수도 있습니다.
government propaganda
반박할 수도 있습니다.
that can be used to do this.
수 많은 방법들이 있습니다.
진 샤프(Gene Sharp)는
of nonviolent action.
구분지었습니다.
by corrupt former military officials
지배하고 있었고
to do anything about it --
just 12 regular people,
to their friends
holding signs with a message:
모이기로 했습니다.
as protests spread throughout the country.
몇 달 동안 머물렀습니다.
to various government buildings
정부 청사 건물 곳곳에
from running for office,
출마하는 것을 못 막는다면
that they couldn't just keep protesting
대통령을 물러나게 부탁하는 것은
없도록 해야했습니다.
the country refused to work.
and schools shut their doors.
학교가 파업했습니다.
blocked major roads.
주요 도로를 막아섰습니다.
government officials,
of people using nonviolent action
비폭력 행동을 하는 것에
are confused about what to do with them.
혼란스러워 하고 있습니다.
the color of the ruling party.
칠해져 있었습니다.
모자도 쓰고 있었습니다.
떠올리는 모자를 말이죠.
are getting better at grabbing headlines,
점점 더 화제가 되고 있습니다.
큰 역활을 하지 못합니다.
his troops into battle
전쟁터로 향하지 않습니다.
nonviolent movements operate.
운동이 진행됩니다.
as military warfare,
and have clear objectives,
분명한 목적이 있어야 합니다.
of how to achieve those objectives.
전략이 있어야 합니다.
over thousands of years
발전해 왔습니다.
dedicated to understanding
발전시킬지에 전념한
is rarely systematically studied,
거의 연구되지 않았습니다.
in the world who are teaching it.
여전히 수십 명에 불과합니다.
approaches of dealing with conflict
그간 갈등에 대처했던 방법들이
challenges that we're facing.
적절하지 않다는 것을 알기 때문입니다.
in its war against ISIS.
빠졌다고 밝혔습니다.
using nonviolent action.
사람들이 있다는 것입니다.
모술을 점령했을 때
in place a new public school curriculum,
기반으로 한 새로운 교과과정을
보내는 것을 거부했던 것입니다.
homeschool their children
아이들이 세뇌를 당하게 두느니
of just one act of defiance
of nonviolent resistance
was part of a larger strategy
더 큰 전략 일부로써
that ISIS needs to function;
잘라내는 역활을 한다면 말이죠.
to extract and refine oil;
and communications networks
that ISIS relies on?
빠진다면 말이죠.
to imagine defeating ISIS
물리친다는 상상은
the way we think about conflict
자세를 다시 생각하고
직시해야 할 때입니다.
아이디어가 있습니다.
nonviolent action has worked
본 사례를 더 살펴보고
할지를 생각해 봅시다.
systems and technologies
to better meet human needs.
더 잘 맞도록 한 것처럼 말이죠.
nonviolent action
used in place of war.
could then be abandoned
방법도 사라질 것입니다.
with weapons that are more effective.
무기로 교체했기 때문입니다.
nonviolent struggle more powerful
비폭력 저항을 최신 전쟁기술보다
technologies of war.
lies not in condemning violence
폭력에 있는 것이 아니라
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jamila Raqib - PeacemakerJamila Raqib works on pragmatic approaches to nonviolent action for activists, human rights organizations, academics and governments globally.
Why you should listen
Jamila Raqib is the executive director of the Albert Einstein Institution, which promotes the study and strategic use of nonviolent action worldwide. Since 2002, she has worked closely with Dr. Gene Sharp, the world's foremost scholar on strategic nonviolent action. Together, they developed a curriculum titled Self-Liberation: A Guide to Strategic Planning for Action to End a Dictatorship or Other Oppression. The publication is intended to provide in-depth guidance for planning a strategic nonviolent struggle.
Raqib represents the Institution at a number of domestic and international forums such as the Oslo Freedom Forum and the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations. Her work centers on presenting a pragmatic approach to nonviolent action to activists, human rights organizations, academics and governments. She travels throughout the world conducting consultations and workshops for individuals and groups seeking to achieve diverse goals such as opposing dictatorship, combatting corruption, attaining political rights, economic justice, environmental protection and women's empowerment.
She holds a B.A. in Management from Simmons College in Boston, MA, and is a Research Affiliate of the Center for International Studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Jamila Raqib | Speaker | TED.com