Jamila Raqib: The secret to effective nonviolent resistance
جمیله رقیب: رمز مقاومت مؤثر بدون خشونت
Jamila Raqib works on pragmatic approaches to nonviolent action for activists, human rights organizations, academics and governments globally. Full bio
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since I can remember.
جنگ بخشی از زندگیم بوده.
just six months after the Soviets invaded,
درست شش ماه پس از تجاوز شوروی،
to understand what was happening,
بفهمم چه اتفاقی داره می افته،
and the fear around me.
از ترس و وحشتی که منو احاطه کرده بود.
on how I now think about war and conflict.
حالا درباره جنگ و دعوا چه فکر میکنم.
have a fundamental issue at stake,
به یک موضوع اساسی میرسند،
to resist and to fight back.
تا مقاومت و مبارزه کنند.
and terrible violence is,
مخرب و وحشتناک باشه،
with the level of violence in the world.
that violence is morally wrong.
از نظر اخلاقی درست نیست.
and as effective as violence.
قوی و مؤثر باشه.
situations around the world
struggle to conduct conflict.
with Gandhi and Martin Luther King.
به گاندی و مارتین لوترکینگ ربط میدند.
nonviolent action for thousands of years.
دارند بدون خشونت مبارزه می کنند.
that we have today in this country --
امروز در این کشور داریم--
تمایلات جنسی متفاوت داریم
with the environment --
who fought for them
که براشون مبارزه کردند
from this history,
is widely misunderstood.
اغلب درست فهمیده نشده.
of Ethiopian activists,
دیدار کردم،
that I hear a lot.
زیاد شنیدم.
tried nonviolent action,
بدون خشونت رو امتحان کردند،
and that was the end of that.
و آخرش این بود.
is equivalent to street protests
معادل اعتراضات خیابانی است
way to show that people want change,
برای نشون دادن اینکه مردم تغییر میخواند،
actually create change --
عملاً باعث تغییر بشه--
people what they want
میخواند به مردم بدند
با ظرافت درخواست کردن--
by destroying an opponent,
باعث تخریب رقیب میشه،
that an opponent needs to survive,
که رقیب برای بقاء لازم داره،
those sources of power.
can neutralize the military
میتونند ارتش رو خنثی کنند
through strikes and boycotts.
اقتصاد رو مختل کنند.
government propaganda
that can be used to do this.
of nonviolent action.
by corrupt former military officials
سازمان یافته ارتباط داشتند.
to do anything about it --
نمیتونند کاری کنند--
just 12 regular people,
فقط ۱۲ فرد عادی،
to their friends
holding signs with a message:
با در دست داشتن یه نوشته:
as protests spread throughout the country.
ماهها اونجا موندند.
to various government buildings
به ساختمانهای مختلف دولتی فرستادند
from running for office,
that they couldn't just keep protesting
نمی تونند اکتفا کنند به اعتراض
the country refused to work.
دست از کار بکشند.
and schools shut their doors.
blocked major roads.
government officials,
of people using nonviolent action
که از اقدام بدون خشونت استفاده میکنند
are confused about what to do with them.
پلیس نمیدونه با اونا چکار کنه.
the color of the ruling party.
رنگ آمیزی کردند.
are getting better at grabbing headlines,
بهتر میتونند به صدر اخبار برند،
his troops into battle
پیروز شدن در جنگ داشته باشه.
nonviolent movements operate.
اینطوری انجام میشه.
as military warfare,
درست به اندازه نبرد نظامی پیچیده است،
and have clear objectives,
و اهداف روشنی داشته باشند،
of how to achieve those objectives.
برای دستیابی به اون اهداف داشته باشند.
over thousands of years
dedicated to understanding
صرف فهمیدن
is rarely systematically studied,
به ندرت مورد مطالعه جامع قرار گرفته،
in the world who are teaching it.
هنوز ده بیست نفره.
approaches of dealing with conflict
روشهای قدیمی برخورد با تعارض
challenges that we're facing.
in its war against ISIS.
using nonviolent action.
جلوی داعش ایستادند.
in place a new public school curriculum,
در مدارس ایجاد خواهد کرد
اونها خودداری کردن.
homeschool their children
خودشون تو خونه به بچههاشون درس بدند
اونها شستشوی مغزی بشند.
of just one act of defiance
of nonviolent resistance
مقاومت بدون خشونت
was part of a larger strategy
بخشی از یک راهبرد بزرگتر بود
that ISIS needs to function;
که داعش برای حکومت لازم داره؛
برای تولید غذا؛
to extract and refine oil;
and communications networks
that ISIS relies on?
به اونها وابسته س؟
to imagine defeating ISIS
the way we think about conflict
درباره ی مبارزه رو به چالش بکشیم
که ارزش انتشار داره:
nonviolent action has worked
اقدامات بدون خشونت کجا مؤثره
کاری کنیم که مؤثرتر باشه،
systems and technologies
با سیستمها و فناوریهای دیگر میکنیم
to better meet human needs.
در حال بهتر شدن هستند.
nonviolent action
used in place of war.
به طور فزاینده جای جنگ رو بگیره.
could then be abandoned
میتونه کنار گذاشته بشه
with weapons that are more effective.
که مؤثرتر هستند.
nonviolent struggle more powerful
مبارزه بدون خشونت را
technologies of war.
توانمندتر کنیم.
lies not in condemning violence
نه در محکومیت خشونت
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jamila Raqib - PeacemakerJamila Raqib works on pragmatic approaches to nonviolent action for activists, human rights organizations, academics and governments globally.
Why you should listen
Jamila Raqib is the executive director of the Albert Einstein Institution, which promotes the study and strategic use of nonviolent action worldwide. Since 2002, she has worked closely with Dr. Gene Sharp, the world's foremost scholar on strategic nonviolent action. Together, they developed a curriculum titled Self-Liberation: A Guide to Strategic Planning for Action to End a Dictatorship or Other Oppression. The publication is intended to provide in-depth guidance for planning a strategic nonviolent struggle.
Raqib represents the Institution at a number of domestic and international forums such as the Oslo Freedom Forum and the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations. Her work centers on presenting a pragmatic approach to nonviolent action to activists, human rights organizations, academics and governments. She travels throughout the world conducting consultations and workshops for individuals and groups seeking to achieve diverse goals such as opposing dictatorship, combatting corruption, attaining political rights, economic justice, environmental protection and women's empowerment.
She holds a B.A. in Management from Simmons College in Boston, MA, and is a Research Affiliate of the Center for International Studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Jamila Raqib | Speaker | TED.com