TEDGlobal 2014
Boniface Mwangi: The day I stood up alone
Бонифейс Муанджи: Денят, в който се изправих сам
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Фотографът Бонифейс Муанджи искал да протестира срещу корупцията в родната си Кения. Той имал план - заедно с няколко приятели щели да се изправят и зададат неудобни въпроси по време на обществено масово събиране. Но когато дошъл мигът ... той се изправил сам. Какво се случило след това, ни разказва той, му показало кой е бил наистина. Както казва, "Има два най-значими дни в живота ни. Денят, когато се раждаме и денят, когато откриваме защо." Графични изображения.
Boniface Mwangi -
Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow. Full bio
Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
People back home call me a heckler,
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Хората в моята държава
знаят че апосторфирам,
знаят че апосторфирам,
00:16
a troublemaker, an irritant,
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че съм размирник, дразнител,
00:19
a rebel, an activist,
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бунтар, активист,
00:21
the voice of the people.
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гласът на народа.
00:23
But that wasn't always me.
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Но не винаги съм бил такъв.
00:26
Growing up, I had a nickname.
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Пораствайки, имах прякор.
00:28
They used to call me Softy,
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Наричаха ме Мекия,
00:30
meaning the soft, harmless boy.
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с други думи мекото и безвредно момче.
00:33
Like every other human being,
I avoided trouble.
I avoided trouble.
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Като всеки друг човек,
аз стоях на страни от неприятности.
аз стоях на страни от неприятности.
00:36
In my childhood, they taught me silence.
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В детството ми, ме учеха на мълчание.
00:38
Don't argue, do as you're told.
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Не се разправяй, прави каквото
ти е казано да правиш.
ти е казано да правиш.
00:40
In Sunday school, they taught me
don't confront, don't argue,
don't confront, don't argue,
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В неделното училище, ме учиха
да не се конфронтирам и да не споря,
да не се конфронтирам и да не споря,
00:44
even if you're right,
turn the other cheek.
turn the other cheek.
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дори и да си прав,
недей да отговаряш със спор.
недей да отговаряш със спор.
00:47
This was reinforced
by the political climate of the time.
by the political climate of the time.
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Това се налагаше от политическия
климат на времето.
климат на времето.
00:52
(Laughter)
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(Смях)
00:55
Kenya is a country
where you are guilty
where you are guilty
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Кения е страна, където си виновен
00:57
until proven rich.
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до доказване, че си богат.
01:00
(Laughter)
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(Смях)
01:02
Kenya's poor are five times more likely
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Бедните хора на Кения
е 5 пъти по-вероятно да бъдат
е 5 пъти по-вероятно да бъдат
01:05
to be shot dead by the police
who are meant to protect them
who are meant to protect them
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застреляни от полицията,
която би трябвало да ги защитава
която би трябвало да ги защитава
01:08
than by criminals.
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от криминалните.
01:10
This was reinforced
by the political climate of the day.
by the political climate of the day.
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Това се налагаше от политическия климат
по това време.
по това време.
01:12
We had a president,
Moi, who was a dictator.
Moi, who was a dictator.
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Имахме президент. Името му беше Мой
и той беше диктатор.
и той беше диктатор.
01:15
He ruled the country with an iron fist,
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Той управляваше страната с железен юмрук,
01:18
and anyone who dared
question his authority
question his authority
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и всеки който се oсмеляваше да
се съмнява в неговия авторитет
се съмнява в неговия авторитет
01:20
was arrested, tortured,
jailed or even killed.
jailed or even killed.
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беше арестуван, измъчван,
вкаран в затвора и дори убит.
вкаран в затвора и дори убит.
01:25
That meant that people were taught
to be smart cowards, stay out of trouble.
to be smart cowards, stay out of trouble.
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Хората бяха учени да бъдат умни страхливци
и да стоят надалеч от неприятности.
и да стоят надалеч от неприятности.
01:29
Being a coward was not an insult.
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Да бъдеш страхливец не беше oбида.
01:31
Being a coward was a compliment.
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Да бъдеш страхливец беше комплимент.
01:33
We used to be told that a coward
goes home to his mother.
goes home to his mother.
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Казваха ни, че страхливеца се прибира
вкъщи при майка си.
вкъщи при майка си.
01:36
What that meant: that if you stayed
out of trouble you're going to stay alive.
out of trouble you're going to stay alive.
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Това значеше, че ако стоиш надалеч
от неприятности ще останеш жив.
от неприятности ще останеш жив.
01:40
I used to question this advice,
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Чудех се на този съвет,
01:42
and eight years ago
we had an election in Kenya,
we had an election in Kenya,
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и преди осем години имахме избори в Кения,
01:45
and the results were violently disputed.
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резултатите от тях бяха бурно оспорвани.
01:47
What followed that election
was terrible violence, rape,
was terrible violence, rape,
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След изборите последва ужасно
насилие, изнасилвания,
насилие, изнасилвания,
01:52
and the killing of over 1,000 people.
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и убийството на над 1 000 човека.
01:56
My work was to document the violence.
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Моята работа беше да
документирам това насилие.
документирам това насилие.
01:59
As a photographer,
I took thousands of images,
I took thousands of images,
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Като фотограф, направих хиляди снимки,
02:02
and after two months,
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и след два месеца,
02:04
the two politicians came together,
had a cup of tea,
had a cup of tea,
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двамата политици се събраха,
пиха чаша чай,
пиха чаша чай,
02:09
signed a peace agreement,
and the country moved on.
and the country moved on.
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подписаха спогодба за мир,
и продължиха напред.
и продължиха напред.
02:12
I was a very disturbed man
because I saw the violence firsthand.
because I saw the violence firsthand.
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Бях много разстроен,
защото гледах насилието непосредствено.
защото гледах насилието непосредствено.
02:16
I saw the killings.
I saw the displacement.
I saw the displacement.
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Видях убийствата.
Видях бежанците.
Видях бежанците.
02:19
I met women who had been raped,
and it disturbed me,
and it disturbed me,
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Срещнах изнасилваните жени
и това ме разстрои,
и това ме разстрои,
02:22
but the country never spoke about it.
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но държавата никога не говореше за това.
02:24
We pretended. We all became smart cowards.
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Преструвахме се. Всички ние,
бяхме умни страхливци.
бяхме умни страхливци.
02:27
We decided to stay out of trouble
and not talk about it.
and not talk about it.
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Бяхме решили да стоим настрани
от неприятности и да не говорим за това.
от неприятности и да не говорим за това.
02:30
Ten months later, I quit my job.
I said I could not stand it anymore.
I said I could not stand it anymore.
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След 10 месеца напуснах работата си.
Не можех да понасям всичко това.
Не можех да понасям всичко това.
02:34
After quitting my job,
I decided to organize my friends
I decided to organize my friends
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След като напуснах, реших да
организирам приятелите си
организирам приятелите си
02:36
to speak about
the violence in the country,
the violence in the country,
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да говорят за насилието в държавата,
02:38
to speak about the state of the nation,
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да говорим за състоянието на народа,
02:40
and June 1, 2009 was the day
that we were meant to go to the stadium
that we were meant to go to the stadium
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и на 1 юни, 2009 трябваше да отидем
на стадиона
на стадиона
02:44
and try and get the president's attention.
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и да се опитаме да привлечем вниманието
на президента.
на президента.
02:46
It's a national holiday,
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Беше национален празник,
02:48
it's broadcast across the country,
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всичко се излъчваше пред цялата държава,
02:49
and I showed up at the stadium.
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появих се на стадиона.
02:53
My friends did not show up.
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Моите приятели не се появиха.
02:56
I found myself alone,
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Оказа се, че съм сам,
02:59
and I didn't know what to do.
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не знаех какво да правя.
03:02
I was scared,
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Бях уплашен,
03:03
but I knew very well
that that particular day,
that that particular day,
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но знаех много добре,
че точно този ден
че точно този ден
03:05
I had to make a decision.
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трябваше да взема решение.
03:07
Was I able to live as a coward,
like everyone else,
like everyone else,
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Можех ли да живея като страхливец,
както всеки друг,
както всеки друг,
03:09
or was I going to make a stand?
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или щях да се изправя?
03:11
And when the president stood up to speak,
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И когато президента излезе да говори,
03:13
I found myself on my feet
shouting at the president,
shouting at the president,
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озовах се станал на крака,
викайки на президента,
викайки на президента,
03:17
telling him to remember
the post-election violence victims,
the post-election violence victims,
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казвайки му да помни жертвите на
насилие след предишните избори,
насилие след предишните избори,
03:21
to stop the corruption.
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и да спре корупцията.
03:23
And suddenly, out of nowhere,
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И изведнъж, от никъде,
03:25
the police pounced on me
like hungry lions.
like hungry lions.
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полицията се хвърли върху мен
като гладни лъвове.
като гладни лъвове.
03:28
They held my mouth
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Закриха ми устата
03:30
and dragged me out of the stadium,
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и ме издърпаха от стадиона,
03:32
where they thoroughly beat me up
and locked me up in jail.
and locked me up in jail.
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където ме пребиха
и ме вкараха в затвора.
и ме вкараха в затвора.
03:37
I spent that night in
a cold cement floor in the jail,
a cold cement floor in the jail,
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Прекарах тази нощ на студения цимент
на пода в затвора,
на пода в затвора,
03:43
and that got me thinking.
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и това ме накара да се замисля.
03:46
What was making me feel this way?
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Какво ме караше да се чувствам така?
03:48
My friends and family thought
I was crazy because of what I did,
I was crazy because of what I did,
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Приятелите и семейството ме мислеха
за луд, заради направеното
за луд, заради направеното
03:51
and the images that I took
were disturbing my life.
were disturbing my life.
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и фотографиите, които направих
дълбоко ме нараняваха.
дълбоко ме нараняваха.
03:56
The images that I took
were just a number to many Kenyans.
were just a number to many Kenyans.
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Тези фотографии бяха просто числа
за много кенийци.
за много кенийци.
03:59
Most Kenyans did not see the violence.
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Повечето кенийци не виждаха насилието.
04:01
It was a story to them.
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Беше просто история за тях.
04:03
And so I decided to actually
start a street exhibition
start a street exhibition
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И така реших да започна
изложение на улицата,
изложение на улицата,
04:05
to show the images of the violence
across the country
across the country
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за да покажа снимките от насилието
пред цялата държава
пред цялата държава
04:08
and get people talking about it.
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и за да предизвикам хората
да говорят.
да говорят.
04:10
We traveled the country
and showed the images,
and showed the images,
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Пътувахме из държавата
и показвахме снимките,
и показвахме снимките,
04:13
and this was a journey that has started me
to the activist path,
to the activist path,
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и това беше пътуване, което започна
пътя ми към активизма,
пътя ми към активизма,
04:16
where I decided to become silent no more,
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където реших да не мълча повече,
04:19
to talk about those things.
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и да говоря за тези неща.
04:21
We traveled, and our general site
from our street exhibit
from our street exhibit
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Пътувахме и основната част на нашата
улична изложба
улична изложба
04:25
became for political graffiti
about the situation in the country,
about the situation in the country,
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станаха политическите графити,
които разкриваха ситуацията в страната,
които разкриваха ситуацията в страната,
04:30
talking about corruption, bad leadership.
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показващи корупцията, лошите лидери.
04:33
We have even done symbolic burials.
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Дори направихме символични погребения.
04:36
We have delivered live pigs
to Kenya's parliament
to Kenya's parliament
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Изпратихме живи прасета
до кенийския парламент,
до кенийския парламент,
04:40
as a symbol of our politicians' greed.
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като символ на алчността на политиците.
04:42
It has been done in Uganda
and other countries,
and other countries,
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Това са го правили и в Уганда и другаде,
04:45
and what is most powerful is that
the images have been picked by the media
the images have been picked by the media
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а най-внушителното бяха снимките,
които медиите избраха
които медиите избраха
04:48
and amplified across the country,
across the continent.
across the continent.
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и които разпростаниха в държавата,
и в континента.
и в континента.
04:51
Where I used to stand up alone
seven years ago,
seven years ago,
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Преди седем години стоях сам,
04:54
now I belong to a community
of many people who stand up with me.
of many people who stand up with me.
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а сега принадлежа към общност,
която стои заедно с мен.
която стои заедно с мен.
04:57
I am no longer alone when I stand up
to speak about these things.
to speak about these things.
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Вече не съм сам когато се изправя
и говоря за тези неща.
и говоря за тези неща.
05:02
I belong to a group of young people
who are passionate about the country,
who are passionate about the country,
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Принадлежа към група от млади хора,
които се вълнуват за държавата,
които се вълнуват за държавата,
05:06
who want to bring about change,
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които искат промяна,
05:08
and they're no longer afraid,
and they're no longer smart cowards.
and they're no longer smart cowards.
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които не се страхуват,
и които вече не са умни страхливци.
и които вече не са умни страхливци.
05:13
So that was my story.
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И така, това беше моята история.
05:18
That day in the stadium,
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Този ден на стадиона,
05:20
I stood up as a smart coward.
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се изправих като умен страхливец.
05:23
By that one action, I said goodbye
to the 24 years living as a coward.
to the 24 years living as a coward.
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С това единствено деяние, казах чао
на 24-те години живот като страхливец.
на 24-те години живот като страхливец.
05:28
There are two most powerful
days in your life:
days in your life:
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Има два много важни дни във вашия живот:
05:31
the day you're born,
and the day you discover why.
and the day you discover why.
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денят в който сте се родили,
и денят в който разбираш защо.
и денят в който разбираш защо.
05:36
That day standing up in that stadium
shouting at the President,
shouting at the President,
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Този ден, в който станах на стадиона,
викайки на президента,
викайки на президента,
05:40
I discovered why I was truly born,
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наистина разбрах защо съм се родил,
05:43
that I would no longer be silent
in the face of injustice.
in the face of injustice.
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и разбрах, че повече няма да мълча
пред несправедливостта.
пред несправедливостта.
05:47
Do you know why you were born?
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Знаете ли защо сте се родили на този свят?
05:51
Thank you.
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Благодаря.
05:53
(Applause)
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(Аплодисменти)
06:00
Tom Rielly: It's an amazing story.
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Том Райли: Това е невероятна история.
06:03
I just want to ask you
a couple quick questions.
a couple quick questions.
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Само да те попитам два въпроса на бързо.
06:05
So PAWA254:
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И така РAWA254:
06:07
you've created a studio, a place
where young people can go
where young people can go
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направил си студио, място
където младите хора могат да отидат
където младите хора могат да отидат
06:12
and harness the power of digital media
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и впрегнат силата на дигиталните медии,
06:14
to do some of this action.
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за да свършат част от този активизъм.
06:16
What's happening now with PAWA?
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Какво се случва сега с PAWA?
06:18
Boniface Mwangi: So we have
this community of filmmakers,
this community of filmmakers,
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Бонифейс Муанджи: Имаме общност
на филмови режисьори,
на филмови режисьори,
06:21
graffiti artists, musicians,
and when there's an issue in the country,
and when there's an issue in the country,
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художници на графити, музиканти,
и когато има проблем в страната,
и когато има проблем в страната,
06:24
we come together, we brainstorm,
and take up on that issue.
and take up on that issue.
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се събираме, обсъждаме идеи,
и се захващаме с проблема.
и се захващаме с проблема.
06:27
So our most powerful tool is art,
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Нашето най-влиятелно оръжие е изкуството,
06:29
because we live in a very busy world
where people are so busy in their life,
where people are so busy in their life,
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защото всички живеем в свят на заетост,
където хората винаги са заети,
където хората винаги са заети,
06:33
and they don't have time to read.
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и нямат време да четат.
06:35
So we package our activism
and we package our message in art.
and we package our message in art.
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Така че нашият активизъм
е във формата на изкуство.
е във формата на изкуство.
06:39
So from the music, the graffiti,
the art, that's what we do.
the art, that's what we do.
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От музика, графити, изкуство,
това е което правим.
това е което правим.
06:45
Can I say one more thing?
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Може ли да кажа още нещо?
06:47
TR: Yeah, of course. (Applause)
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ТР: Да разбира се.
(Аплодисменти)
(Аплодисменти)
06:49
BM: In spite of being arrested,
beaten up, threatened,
beaten up, threatened,
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Въпреки че ме арестуваха, пребиха ме,
и ме заплашиха,
и ме заплашиха,
06:52
the moment I discovered my voice,
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момента в който открих гласа си,
06:53
that I could actually stand up
for what I really believed in,
for what I really believed in,
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и разбрах че мога да защитя това,
в което наистина вярвам,
в което наистина вярвам,
06:56
I'm no longer afraid.
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вече не ме е страх.
06:57
I used to be called softy,
but I'm no longer softy,
but I'm no longer softy,
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Наричаха ме "мекия",
но вече не съм,
но вече не съм,
07:00
because I discovered who I really am,
as in, that's what I want to do,
as in, that's what I want to do,
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защото разбрах кой съм наистина
и това е точно каквото искам да правя,
и това е точно каквото искам да правя,
07:03
and there's such beauty in doing that.
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и има такава красота, в това което правя.
07:06
There's nothing as powerful as that,
knowing that I'm meant to do this,
knowing that I'm meant to do this,
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Няма нищо по-важно от това да знам,
че съм създаден да правя точно това,
че съм създаден да правя точно това,
07:10
because you don't get scared,
you just continue living your life.
you just continue living your life.
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защото не те е страх, понеже ти просто
си живееш живота.
си живееш живота.
07:13
Thank you.
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Благодаря.
07:15
(Applause)
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(Аплодисменти)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Boniface Mwangi -Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow.
Why you should listen
For four years Boniface Mwangi held a staff photography position at The Standard, the second largest Kenyan newspaper, taking on various assignments of increasing responsibility in a number of countries. Mwangi became the eye of Kenyans during the 2007 post-election violence and showed courage and compassion to capture thousands of images, some so gory that they could not be published.
Following the political resolution to the election crisis, Boniface started to see himself as a visual artist, using photography as the vehicle for social change in Kenya. His focus was the fight against the impunity of politicians in the face of over 1000 dead and half a million people displaced as a result of the violence they caused.
"Boniface’s images are crucial for the healing of our nation; his ability to stay focused and inject a sense of artistry into his work is a testimony to the spirit of professional journalism," wrote Jackson Biko after Boniface was voted Kenya Photojournalist of the Year in 2008 by readers of Adam, a men’s magazine in the country.
Since then, Boniface has continued to work as a freelance photographer for Bloomberg, the AFP, Reuters, the Boston Globe, and other media outlets while building a movement for social change in Kenya through “Picha Mtaani” (Swahili for street exhibition). The photo exhibit aims to heal the scars of Kenyans and draw their attention to the dynamics of the violence to prevent a repeat during the upcoming elections of 2013.
Boniface founded Pawa254 as a collaborative hub where journalists, artists and activists could meet to find innovative ways of achieving social change. The hub has already had many functions, but two campaigns stand out. “Heal the Nation” is a very successful initiative to show a half-hour documentary about post-election violence to as many Kenyans as possible and facilitate discussions around the film. The campaign is accompanied by a more shadowy graffiti campaign that has evoked strong reactions and fired up the youth of Kenya and the world, as images of the clever graffiti grace the pages of the world’s newspapers.
In 2009 United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wrote a letter commending Boniface for his work during the post-election violence. She stated, "Your photography is absolutely stunning and tells an important and powerful story for the world to hear."
More profile about the speakerFollowing the political resolution to the election crisis, Boniface started to see himself as a visual artist, using photography as the vehicle for social change in Kenya. His focus was the fight against the impunity of politicians in the face of over 1000 dead and half a million people displaced as a result of the violence they caused.
"Boniface’s images are crucial for the healing of our nation; his ability to stay focused and inject a sense of artistry into his work is a testimony to the spirit of professional journalism," wrote Jackson Biko after Boniface was voted Kenya Photojournalist of the Year in 2008 by readers of Adam, a men’s magazine in the country.
Since then, Boniface has continued to work as a freelance photographer for Bloomberg, the AFP, Reuters, the Boston Globe, and other media outlets while building a movement for social change in Kenya through “Picha Mtaani” (Swahili for street exhibition). The photo exhibit aims to heal the scars of Kenyans and draw their attention to the dynamics of the violence to prevent a repeat during the upcoming elections of 2013.
Boniface founded Pawa254 as a collaborative hub where journalists, artists and activists could meet to find innovative ways of achieving social change. The hub has already had many functions, but two campaigns stand out. “Heal the Nation” is a very successful initiative to show a half-hour documentary about post-election violence to as many Kenyans as possible and facilitate discussions around the film. The campaign is accompanied by a more shadowy graffiti campaign that has evoked strong reactions and fired up the youth of Kenya and the world, as images of the clever graffiti grace the pages of the world’s newspapers.
In 2009 United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wrote a letter commending Boniface for his work during the post-election violence. She stated, "Your photography is absolutely stunning and tells an important and powerful story for the world to hear."
Boniface Mwangi | Speaker | TED.com