TEDGlobal 2014
Boniface Mwangi: The day I stood up alone
班尼菲斯.馬王吉: 我獨自站立的那一天
Filmed:
Readability: 3.6
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攝影家班尼菲斯.馬王吉要為他的祖國肯亞的貪腐示威。他做了一個計畫;他和他的一些朋友將在一個公開的群眾聚會製造騷動。但是當那天來臨時...... 他獨自站在那裡。他說,接下來發生的事讓他發現真正的他。如同他所說,「你的生命有兩天是最重要的。你出生那一天,和你發現你的生命的意義的那一天」。
Boniface Mwangi -
Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow. Full bio
Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
家鄉的人稱我是擾亂者,
00:13
People back home call me a heckler,
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闖禍精,討厭鬼,
00:16
a troublemaker, an irritant,
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00:19
a rebel, an activist,
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反抗者,活動家,
00:21
the voice of the people.
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為民喉舌的人。
00:23
But that wasn't always me.
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但我並不是一直是這樣的一個人。
00:26
Growing up, I had a nickname.
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在成長過程中,我有一個暱稱。
00:28
They used to call me Softy,
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他們叫我軟仔。
00:30
meaning the soft, harmless boy.
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意思是一個很柔軟,無害的男孩。
00:33
Like every other human being,
I avoided trouble.
I avoided trouble.
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和其他人一樣,
我盡量避開麻煩。
我盡量避開麻煩。
00:36
In my childhood, they taught me silence.
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小時候,他們教我要沈默。
00:38
Don't argue, do as you're told.
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不要反嘴,聽話就是。
00:40
In Sunday school, they taught me
don't confront, don't argue,
don't confront, don't argue,
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在星期日的主日學校,他們教我
不要對抗,不要爭論,
不要對抗,不要爭論,
00:44
even if you're right,
turn the other cheek.
turn the other cheek.
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即使你是對的,轉過臉去。
00:47
This was reinforced
by the political climate of the time.
by the political climate of the time.
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那時的政治氛圍加強了這一點。
00:52
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
00:55
Kenya is a country
where you are guilty
where you are guilty
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在肯亞,你是有罪的
00:57
until proven rich.
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除非你被證明你是有錢人。
01:00
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
01:02
Kenya's poor are five times more likely
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比起被罪犯所殺,
肯亞的窮人有五倍的機率
肯亞的窮人有五倍的機率
01:05
to be shot dead by the police
who are meant to protect them
who are meant to protect them
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被應該保護他們的警察所槍殺。
01:08
than by criminals.
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被應該保護他們的警察所槍殺。
01:10
This was reinforced
by the political climate of the day.
by the political climate of the day.
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這也是被那時的政治氛圍所促成的。
01:12
We had a president,
Moi, who was a dictator.
Moi, who was a dictator.
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我們那時的總統,莫依,是一個獨裁者。
01:15
He ruled the country with an iron fist,
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他以鐵腕統治國家。
01:18
and anyone who dared
question his authority
question his authority
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任何挑戰他的權威的人,
01:20
was arrested, tortured,
jailed or even killed.
jailed or even killed.
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都被逮捕,折磨,關進監獄,
或者甚至被殺。
或者甚至被殺。
01:25
That meant that people were taught
to be smart cowards, stay out of trouble.
to be smart cowards, stay out of trouble.
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因此,人們被教得聰明了,
不要自找麻煩。
不要自找麻煩。
01:29
Being a coward was not an insult.
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懦夫不是恥辱。
01:31
Being a coward was a compliment.
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懦夫的稱呼是讚嘆。
01:33
We used to be told that a coward
goes home to his mother.
goes home to his mother.
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我們被教導
一個懦夫可以回家見到母親。
一個懦夫可以回家見到母親。
01:36
What that meant: that if you stayed
out of trouble you're going to stay alive.
out of trouble you're going to stay alive.
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意思是:如果你不惹麻煩,
你才能活著。
你才能活著。
01:40
I used to question this advice,
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我一直懷疑這個忠告。
01:42
and eight years ago
we had an election in Kenya,
we had an election in Kenya,
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八年前,我們肯亞有一個選舉,
選舉結果被激烈爭論。
01:45
and the results were violently disputed.
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01:47
What followed that election
was terrible violence, rape,
was terrible violence, rape,
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選舉後發生很嚴重的暴力,強暴,
01:52
and the killing of over 1,000 people.
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以及有一千多人被殺。
01:56
My work was to document the violence.
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我的工作是紀錄這個暴行。
01:59
As a photographer,
I took thousands of images,
I took thousands of images,
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我是攝影記者,
我照了幾千張相片。
我照了幾千張相片。
02:02
and after two months,
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兩個月後,
02:04
the two politicians came together,
had a cup of tea,
had a cup of tea,
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兩個政客見面、喝茶,
02:09
signed a peace agreement,
and the country moved on.
and the country moved on.
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簽了一份和平協議書,
國家繼續向前走。
國家繼續向前走。
02:12
I was a very disturbed man
because I saw the violence firsthand.
because I saw the violence firsthand.
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我那時非常不安,
因為我親眼目睹那些暴行。
因為我親眼目睹那些暴行。
02:16
I saw the killings.
I saw the displacement.
I saw the displacement.
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我看到人們被殺。
我看到人們流離失所。
我看到人們流離失所。
我與曾被強暴的女人見面,
我覺得非常不安。
我覺得非常不安。
02:19
I met women who had been raped,
and it disturbed me,
and it disturbed me,
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02:22
but the country never spoke about it.
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但是在這個國家裏沒人敢說話。
02:24
We pretended. We all became smart cowards.
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我們假裝。
我們都成為聰明的懦夫。
我們都成為聰明的懦夫。
02:27
We decided to stay out of trouble
and not talk about it.
and not talk about it.
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我們決定逃避麻煩,
不去談論它。
不去談論它。
02:30
Ten months later, I quit my job.
I said I could not stand it anymore.
I said I could not stand it anymore.
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十個月後,我辭掉我的工作。
我說我再也無法忍受下去了。
我說我再也無法忍受下去了。
02:34
After quitting my job,
I decided to organize my friends
I decided to organize my friends
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辭職後,我決定組織我的朋友們,
02:36
to speak about
the violence in the country,
the violence in the country,
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談論這個國家的暴力,
02:38
to speak about the state of the nation,
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來談論這個國家的狀態。
02:40
and June 1, 2009 was the day
that we were meant to go to the stadium
that we were meant to go to the stadium
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2009年6月1日是
我們本來要去體育場,
我們本來要去體育場,
02:44
and try and get the president's attention.
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引起總統的注意的日子
02:46
It's a national holiday,
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那是一個國定假日。
消息已在國內傳播了,
02:48
it's broadcast across the country,
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02:49
and I showed up at the stadium.
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我去了體育場。
02:53
My friends did not show up.
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我的朋友都沒有露面。
02:56
I found myself alone,
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我獨自一人,
02:59
and I didn't know what to do.
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我不知如何是好。
03:02
I was scared,
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我很害怕,
03:03
but I knew very well
that that particular day,
that that particular day,
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但我知道在那一天,
03:05
I had to make a decision.
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我必須決定。
03:07
Was I able to live as a coward,
like everyone else,
like everyone else,
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我能夠像個懦夫一樣活著,
和其他人一樣,
和其他人一樣,
03:09
or was I going to make a stand?
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還是我要表明我的的立場?
03:11
And when the president stood up to speak,
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當總統站起來說話時,
03:13
I found myself on my feet
shouting at the president,
shouting at the president,
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我發現自己站起來,
對著總統大叫,
對著總統大叫,
03:17
telling him to remember
the post-election violence victims,
the post-election violence victims,
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提醒他要記得選舉後的暴力犧牲者,
03:21
to stop the corruption.
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要制止貪腐。
03:23
And suddenly, out of nowhere,
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突然,不知從哪裡出來,
03:25
the police pounced on me
like hungry lions.
like hungry lions.
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像是飢餓的獅子,警察撲向我。
03:28
They held my mouth
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他們遮住我的嘴,
03:30
and dragged me out of the stadium,
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將我從體育場拖出來。
03:32
where they thoroughly beat me up
and locked me up in jail.
and locked me up in jail.
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然後他們對我施以暴力,
再將我關進監牢。
再將我關進監牢。
03:37
I spent that night in
a cold cement floor in the jail,
a cold cement floor in the jail,
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我在監獄裡的寒冷的水泥地上過了一晚,
03:43
and that got me thinking.
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那使我開始想。
03:46
What was making me feel this way?
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是什麼讓我覺得這樣呢?
03:48
My friends and family thought
I was crazy because of what I did,
I was crazy because of what I did,
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我的朋友和家人都認為我的行為很瘋狂,
03:51
and the images that I took
were disturbing my life.
were disturbing my life.
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我照的相擾亂了我的生命。
03:56
The images that I took
were just a number to many Kenyans.
were just a number to many Kenyans.
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我照的這些照片
對許多肯亞人來說只是一個數字。
對許多肯亞人來說只是一個數字。
03:59
Most Kenyans did not see the violence.
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大多數的肯亞人沒有目睹那些暴力行為。
04:01
It was a story to them.
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對他們而言,只是一個故事。
04:03
And so I decided to actually
start a street exhibition
start a street exhibition
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所以我決定在開始做街頭展覽。
04:05
to show the images of the violence
across the country
across the country
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展示國內的暴力相片,
04:08
and get people talking about it.
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來引起人們談論。
04:10
We traveled the country
and showed the images,
and showed the images,
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我們在過內各地展示這些相片,
04:13
and this was a journey that has started me
to the activist path,
to the activist path,
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那就是我成為活動家的開始,
04:16
where I decided to become silent no more,
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因為我決定不再沈默,
04:19
to talk about those things.
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開始要談論這些事。
04:21
We traveled, and our general site
from our street exhibit
from our street exhibit
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我們到各地。我們從街頭展覽,
04:25
became for political graffiti
about the situation in the country,
about the situation in the country,
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成為有關這個國家的狀況的政治繪圖,
04:30
talking about corruption, bad leadership.
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談論有關貪腐,以及很壞的領導。
04:33
We have even done symbolic burials.
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我們甚至舉行象徵性的葬禮。
04:36
We have delivered live pigs
to Kenya's parliament
to Kenya's parliament
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我們將活豬送入肯亞的國會
04:40
as a symbol of our politicians' greed.
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作為我們的政客的貪婪的象徵。
04:42
It has been done in Uganda
and other countries,
and other countries,
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這些在烏干達和其他國家都有人做過,
04:45
and what is most powerful is that
the images have been picked by the media
the images have been picked by the media
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最有力的是有些影像被媒體採用,
04:48
and amplified across the country,
across the continent.
across the continent.
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在全國各地廣泛的傳播。
04:51
Where I used to stand up alone
seven years ago,
seven years ago,
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七年前我曾經獨自站立的地方,
04:54
now I belong to a community
of many people who stand up with me.
of many people who stand up with me.
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現在我屬於許多和我志同道合的
團體的一份子。
團體的一份子。
04:57
I am no longer alone when I stand up
to speak about these things.
to speak about these things.
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當我站著談論這些事時,
我再也不是孤單一個人了。
我再也不是孤單一個人了。
05:02
I belong to a group of young people
who are passionate about the country,
who are passionate about the country,
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我屬於一群熱愛這個國家的
年輕人的團體,
年輕人的團體,
05:06
who want to bring about change,
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他們想要帶來改變,
05:08
and they're no longer afraid,
and they're no longer smart cowards.
and they're no longer smart cowards.
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他們不再害怕,
而且他們不再是聰明的懦夫。
而且他們不再是聰明的懦夫。
05:13
So that was my story.
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這是我的故事。
05:18
That day in the stadium,
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那天在體育館,
05:20
I stood up as a smart coward.
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我以一個聰明的懦夫站起來。
05:23
By that one action, I said goodbye
to the 24 years living as a coward.
to the 24 years living as a coward.
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以那個行動,我告別了24年以來的
懦夫生活。
懦夫生活。
05:28
There are two most powerful
days in your life:
days in your life:
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你的生命中有兩天是最強而有力的:
05:31
the day you're born,
and the day you discover why.
and the day you discover why.
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你出生的那天,
和你發現生命的理由的那天。
和你發現生命的理由的那天。
05:36
That day standing up in that stadium
shouting at the President,
shouting at the President,
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在體育館對著總統大叫的那天,
05:40
I discovered why I was truly born,
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我發現了我出生的真正理由,
05:43
that I would no longer be silent
in the face of injustice.
in the face of injustice.
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就是面對不正義,我不會再沈默。
05:47
Do you know why you were born?
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你知道你出生的理由嗎?
05:51
Thank you.
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謝謝!
05:53
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
06:00
Tom Rielly: It's an amazing story.
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湯姆.賴利:這是一個驚人的故事。
06:03
I just want to ask you
a couple quick questions.
a couple quick questions.
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我想問你幾個問題。
06:05
So PAWA254:
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所以,PAWA254
06:07
you've created a studio, a place
where young people can go
where young people can go
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是你創立的一個工作室,
讓年輕人可以去那裏,
讓年輕人可以去那裏,
06:12
and harness the power of digital media
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利用電子化媒體的力量
06:14
to do some of this action.
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來做一些行動。
06:16
What's happening now with PAWA?
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目前PAWA在做什麼?
06:18
Boniface Mwangi: So we have
this community of filmmakers,
this community of filmmakers,
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班尼菲斯.馬王吉: 我們有一個
電影製片人,
電影製片人,
06:21
graffiti artists, musicians,
and when there's an issue in the country,
and when there's an issue in the country,
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塗鴉藝術家,音樂家的團體。
當這個國家有一個問題,
當這個國家有一個問題,
06:24
we come together, we brainstorm,
and take up on that issue.
and take up on that issue.
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我們會聚在一起,我們集思廣益,
然後對那個問題採取行動。
然後對那個問題採取行動。
06:27
So our most powerful tool is art,
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所以我們最強而有力的工具是藝術。
06:29
because we live in a very busy world
where people are so busy in their life,
where people are so busy in their life,
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因為我們住在一個非常忙碌的世界,
人們在他們的生活裡非常忙碌,
人們在他們的生活裡非常忙碌,
06:33
and they don't have time to read.
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他們沒有時間閱讀。
06:35
So we package our activism
and we package our message in art.
and we package our message in art.
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所以我們以藝術包裝我們的活動,
和我們的訊息。
和我們的訊息。
06:39
So from the music, the graffiti,
the art, that's what we do.
the art, that's what we do.
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所以用音樂,塗鴉,藝術,
那就是我們在做的。
那就是我們在做的。
06:45
Can I say one more thing?
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班尼菲斯.馬王吉:我可以再說一件事嗎?
06:47
TR: Yeah, of course. (Applause)
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湯姆.賴利: 當然可以。 (掌聲)
06:49
BM: In spite of being arrested,
beaten up, threatened,
beaten up, threatened,
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班尼菲斯.馬王吉:除了被逮捕、
施暴、威脅、
施暴、威脅、
06:52
the moment I discovered my voice,
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我發現我的聲音,
06:53
that I could actually stand up
for what I really believed in,
for what I really believed in,
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我可以為我相信的站出來的那一刻,
我就不再害怕。
06:56
I'm no longer afraid.
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我曾被稱為軟仔,
但我不再是個軟仔。
但我不再是個軟仔。
06:57
I used to be called softy,
but I'm no longer softy,
but I'm no longer softy,
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07:00
because I discovered who I really am,
as in, that's what I want to do,
as in, that's what I want to do,
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因為我發現我是誰,
也就是我要做什麼,
也就是我要做什麼,
而且在做那些事的那種美。
07:03
and there's such beauty in doing that.
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07:06
There's nothing as powerful as that,
knowing that I'm meant to do this,
knowing that I'm meant to do this,
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知道我生來就是注定要做這個,
沒有比那個更有力的了。
沒有比那個更有力的了。
07:10
because you don't get scared,
you just continue living your life.
you just continue living your life.
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因為你不會害怕,
你只是繼續過你的日子。
你只是繼續過你的日子。
07:13
Thank you.
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謝謝。
07:15
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Boniface Mwangi -Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow.
Why you should listen
For four years Boniface Mwangi held a staff photography position at The Standard, the second largest Kenyan newspaper, taking on various assignments of increasing responsibility in a number of countries. Mwangi became the eye of Kenyans during the 2007 post-election violence and showed courage and compassion to capture thousands of images, some so gory that they could not be published.
Following the political resolution to the election crisis, Boniface started to see himself as a visual artist, using photography as the vehicle for social change in Kenya. His focus was the fight against the impunity of politicians in the face of over 1000 dead and half a million people displaced as a result of the violence they caused.
"Boniface’s images are crucial for the healing of our nation; his ability to stay focused and inject a sense of artistry into his work is a testimony to the spirit of professional journalism," wrote Jackson Biko after Boniface was voted Kenya Photojournalist of the Year in 2008 by readers of Adam, a men’s magazine in the country.
Since then, Boniface has continued to work as a freelance photographer for Bloomberg, the AFP, Reuters, the Boston Globe, and other media outlets while building a movement for social change in Kenya through “Picha Mtaani” (Swahili for street exhibition). The photo exhibit aims to heal the scars of Kenyans and draw their attention to the dynamics of the violence to prevent a repeat during the upcoming elections of 2013.
Boniface founded Pawa254 as a collaborative hub where journalists, artists and activists could meet to find innovative ways of achieving social change. The hub has already had many functions, but two campaigns stand out. “Heal the Nation” is a very successful initiative to show a half-hour documentary about post-election violence to as many Kenyans as possible and facilitate discussions around the film. The campaign is accompanied by a more shadowy graffiti campaign that has evoked strong reactions and fired up the youth of Kenya and the world, as images of the clever graffiti grace the pages of the world’s newspapers.
In 2009 United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wrote a letter commending Boniface for his work during the post-election violence. She stated, "Your photography is absolutely stunning and tells an important and powerful story for the world to hear."
More profile about the speakerFollowing the political resolution to the election crisis, Boniface started to see himself as a visual artist, using photography as the vehicle for social change in Kenya. His focus was the fight against the impunity of politicians in the face of over 1000 dead and half a million people displaced as a result of the violence they caused.
"Boniface’s images are crucial for the healing of our nation; his ability to stay focused and inject a sense of artistry into his work is a testimony to the spirit of professional journalism," wrote Jackson Biko after Boniface was voted Kenya Photojournalist of the Year in 2008 by readers of Adam, a men’s magazine in the country.
Since then, Boniface has continued to work as a freelance photographer for Bloomberg, the AFP, Reuters, the Boston Globe, and other media outlets while building a movement for social change in Kenya through “Picha Mtaani” (Swahili for street exhibition). The photo exhibit aims to heal the scars of Kenyans and draw their attention to the dynamics of the violence to prevent a repeat during the upcoming elections of 2013.
Boniface founded Pawa254 as a collaborative hub where journalists, artists and activists could meet to find innovative ways of achieving social change. The hub has already had many functions, but two campaigns stand out. “Heal the Nation” is a very successful initiative to show a half-hour documentary about post-election violence to as many Kenyans as possible and facilitate discussions around the film. The campaign is accompanied by a more shadowy graffiti campaign that has evoked strong reactions and fired up the youth of Kenya and the world, as images of the clever graffiti grace the pages of the world’s newspapers.
In 2009 United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wrote a letter commending Boniface for his work during the post-election violence. She stated, "Your photography is absolutely stunning and tells an important and powerful story for the world to hear."
Boniface Mwangi | Speaker | TED.com