TEDIndia 2009
Kartick Satyanarayan: How we rescued the "dancing bears"
Kartick Satyanarayan: Cómo rescatamos a los osos "bailarines"
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Tradicionalmente, la comunidad de los Kalandar, en la India, ha sobrevivido capturando cachorros de osos perezosos y enseñándoles a "bailar" utilizando medios extremandamente crueles. Kartick Satyanarayan ha conseguido poner fin a esta práctica centenaria y, en el proceso, ha aprendido una lección importantísima: haz que los afectados formen parte de la solución.
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationist
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
Hi. For those of you who haven't seen dancing bears,
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Hola. Para aquellos que no hayáis visto osos bailarines,
00:20
these are the dancing bears.
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estos son los osos bailarines.
00:22
In 1995, we started working on a two-year investigative research project
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En 1995 comenzamos a trabajar en un proyecto de investigación de dos años
00:25
to try and find out what was going on.
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para intentar descubrir qué estaba pasando,
00:28
Because the sloth bears in the wild were obviously getting depleted
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porque los osos perezosos salvajes estaban desapareciendo
00:30
because of this.
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por culpa de este fenómeno.
00:32
This is the Qalandar community. They are a marginalized Islamic community
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Estos son los Kalandar. Son una comunidad islámica marginal
00:36
who live across India,
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que vive en toda India,
00:38
and have been in India since the 13th century.
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y llevan en India desde el siglo XIII.
00:43
We went about getting evidence of what was going on.
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Fuimos buscando pruebas de lo que estaba pasando.
00:46
And this is footage from a hidden camera in a button.
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Y estas son imágenes de una cámara oculta.
00:48
And we went in, pretending to be buyers.
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Nos infiltramos, pretendiendo ser compradores,
00:50
And we found this right in this very state, in Karnataka.
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y encontramos esto aquí mismo, en esta provincia, Karnataka,
00:53
And the bear cubs were being harvested from across the country
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donde reunían cachorros de oso de todas partes del país
00:56
and being sold and traded.
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para ser traficados y vendidos.
00:58
These were being sold for about 2,000 dollars each,
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Estos se vendían por unos 2.000 dólares cada uno,
01:00
and they are used for bear paw soup,
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y eran usados para preparar sopa de garra de oso;
01:02
and also being trained, later on,
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y otros eran amaestrados para, más adelante,
01:04
to become dancing bears like the one you just saw.
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convertirse en osos bailarines como los que acaban de ver.
01:08
Sadly, the family of Qalandars depended on this bear.
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Lamentablemente, las familias de los Kalandar dependen de estos osos.
01:12
The couple are barely 18 years old.
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Esta pareja apenas tienen 18 años
01:15
They already have four children beside them. You can see them.
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y ya tienen 4 hijos. Pueden verlos detrás de ellos en la foto.
01:18
And the economy of the family and their livelihood depended on those animals.
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Y la economía familiar y su sustento depende de estos animales.
01:21
So, we had to deal with it in a very practical and sustainable manner.
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Así que tuvimos que afrontar la cuestión de una manera muy práctica y sostenible.
01:24
Now, when we started working deeper and digging deeper,
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Cuando empezamos a trabajar más a fondo,
01:27
we found that it's an illegal act.
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descubrimos que es un acto ilegal.
01:29
These guys could go to jail for up to seven years
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Estas personas podrían cumplir una condena de hasta 7 años
01:32
if they were caught by authorities.
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si fueran descubiertos por las autoridades.
01:34
And what they were doing to the bears was really appalling.
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Y lo que les hacían a los osos era realmente espantoso.
01:36
It was unacceptable.
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Era inaceptable.
01:39
The mother bears are usually killed.
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Normalmente, las madres oso son sacrificadas.
01:41
The cubs, which are taken, are separated.
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Los cachorros que se quedan, son separados de sus hermanos.
01:44
Their teeth are basically bashed out with a metal rod.
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Les arrancan los dientes a golpes con una barra de metal,
01:47
And they use a red hot iron needle to make a hole through the muzzle.
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y utilizan una aguja al rojo vivo para hacerles un agujero en el hocico.
01:51
Now we had to start changing these people and converting them from using that
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Así que teníamos que cambiar a esa gente y
01:55
for a livelihood, to getting something else.
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ese modo de vida por algo diferente.
01:57
So, this is Bitu Qalandar, who was our first experiment.
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Bien, este es Bitu Kalandar, que fue nuestro primer experimento.
02:00
And we were so unsure that this would work.
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Y no estábamos muy seguros de que esto fuera a funcionar.
02:02
We weren't sure at all. And we managed to convince him.
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Teníamos muchas dudas, pero conseguimos convencerle.
02:05
And we said, "Okay, here is some seed fund.
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Y le dijimos: "Aquí tienes capital para comenzar.
02:07
Let's see if you can get something else." And we got the bear surrendered
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Veamos si puedes encontrar otro modo de vida". Y entregó al oso
02:09
to -- we set up a sanctuary. We have four sanctuaries in India.
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a la reserva que habíamos creado. Tenemos cuatro reservas en la India.
02:12
And now he sells cool drinks, he's by the highway.
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Ahora Bitu vende bebidas frías, junto a la autopista.
02:15
He has a telephone booth.
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También tiene una cabina telefónica.
02:18
And then it started, there was no turning back after that.
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Y así comenzamos, ya no había vuelta atrás.
02:20
This is Sadua who came and surrendered his bear.
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Este es Sadua, que vino a entregarnos su oso
02:22
And now he runs a cattle fodder store and a grain store
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y ahora regenta una tienda de grano y comida para ganado
02:26
near Agra.
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cerca de Agra.
02:28
Then there was no looking back at all for us.
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Entonces ya sí que no había vuelta atrás para nosotros.
02:30
We gave cycle rickshaws.
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Empezamos a dar bicicletas para llevar pasajeros.
02:32
We set up carpet-weaving units,
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Pusimos en marcha talleres de confección de alfombras,
02:34
vocational training for the women.
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escuelas vocacionales para las mujeres.
02:36
The women were just not allowed to come out of the community
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A las mujeres no se les permitía salir de la comunidad
02:38
and work with mainstream society. So, we were able to address that.
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y mezclarse con la sociedad india. De esta manera también pudimos ocuparnos de ellas.
02:41
Education. The kids never went to school.
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Educación. Los niños nunca habían ido a la escuela.
02:44
They only had Islamic education, very little of it.
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Solo habían recibido educación islámica y muy escasa.
02:46
And they were never allowed to go to school
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Y no se les permitía asistir a la escuela
02:48
because they were an extra earning hand at home. So we managed to get education.
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porque eran más mano de obra que contribuía en el hogar. También conseguimos darles una educación.
02:51
So, we sponsor 600 children education programs today.
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Y a día de hoy patrocinamos la educación de 600 niños.
02:55
We were able to ensure brighter futures for these people.
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Conseguimos asegurar un futuro más prometedor para toda esta gente
02:57
Of course we also had to get the bears in.
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y, por supuesto, también conseguimos liberar a los osos en la reserva.
03:00
This is what happens to the bears when they come in.
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Este es el estado de los osos cuando llegan.
03:02
And this is what we turn them into.
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Y esto es en lo que se convierten.
03:04
We have a veterinary facility in our rescue centers.
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Tenemos departamentos veterinarios en nuestros centros de rescate.
03:07
So, basically in 2002 there were
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Básicamente, en el 2002 había
03:09
1,200 dancing bears.
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12,000 osos bailarines.
03:11
We rescued over 550 dancing bears.
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Rescatamos a más de 550.
03:14
We've been able to ensure better futures for the people and the bears.
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Conseguimos grantizar un mejor futuro para la gente y para los osos.
03:17
The big news that I want to announce today
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Y la gran noticia que me gustaría anunciar hoy
03:19
is that next month we will be bringing in
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es que el próximo mes traeremos
03:22
the very last bear of India,
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al último oso de la India
03:25
into our rescue center.
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a nuestro centro de rescate.
03:27
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
03:31
And India will no longer have to witness this cruel barbaric practice
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Y la India ya no tendrá que ser testigo de esta práctica bárbara y cruel
03:35
which has been here for centuries.
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que lleva siglos entre nosotros.
03:37
And the people can hold their heads up high.
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Y la gente podrá caminar con la cabeza alta
03:39
And the Qalandar people will rise above all this cruel barbaric past
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y los Kalandar podrán alzarse por encima de ese pasado de barbarie y crueldad
03:42
that they've lived all their lives.
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en el que llevaban viviendo toda la vida.
03:44
And the beautiful bears can of course live in the wild again.
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Y por supuesto, los hermosos osos podrán disfrutar otra vez de la vida en libertad.
03:47
And there will be no more removing of these bears.
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Y ya no habrá que extraer más a estos osos.
03:50
And the children, both humans and bear cubs
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Y los niños, tanto humanos como oseznos,
03:53
can live peacefully. Thank you.
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podrán vivir pacíficamente. Gracias.
03:55
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationistKartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears.
Why you should listen
Known by many in India as the “Bear Man,” Kartick Satyanaran is the co-founder of Wildlife SOS -- a non-profit wildlife conservation organization famous for its campaign to rescue every “dancing” bear in the country. For many years, “dancing” sloth bears were the only livelihood of the Kalandar community, but the practice involves extreme cruelty by modern standards, endangers the bear population and is illegal today. He began the organization with his aunt and fellow animal rights champion Geeta Seshamani in 1995, and since then they have rescued over 550 bears.
Satyanaran began rescuing animals as a child, with a particular tendency to rescue snakes. Although he majored in business management in college, he returned to his early love of animal as a field assistant tracking tigers for the Wildlife Conservation Society. Now, through Wildlife SOS, he runs rescue and rehabilitation centers for India’s sloth bears, elephants, leopards and more, as well as several conservation and forest watch projects.
Kartick Satyanarayan | Speaker | TED.com