TEDIndia 2009
Kartick Satyanarayan: How we rescued the "dancing bears"
カーティック・サティアナラヤン「踊らされる熊を救った方法」
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インドのカランダル地域では伝統的にナマケグマの子供を捕獲し、とても非情な方法で踊りを調教することで生計を立ててきました。カーティック・サティアナラヤンが何世紀にもわたる古来からのこの風習に終止符を打つなかで、重要な教訓を見つけ出しました。彼らを解決策の一部として取り込んでしまうというものです。
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationist
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
Hi. For those of you who haven't seen dancing bears,
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やあ 今まで踊る熊を見たことのない方々―
00:20
these are the dancing bears.
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これがダンシングベアです
00:22
In 1995, we started working on a two-year investigative research project
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1995年に我々は現地の状況を探るために
00:25
to try and find out what was going on.
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2年間の調査計画を始動しました
00:28
Because the sloth bears in the wild were obviously getting depleted
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理由はこの慣習が野生のナマケグマを
00:30
because of this.
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激減させていたからです
00:32
This is the Qalandar community. They are a marginalized Islamic community
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カランダルはイスラム系少数民族です
00:36
who live across India,
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13世紀以降 インド全域で
00:38
and have been in India since the 13th century.
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生活しています
00:43
We went about getting evidence of what was going on.
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我々は実態を知るべく動き出しました
00:46
And this is footage from a hidden camera in a button.
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これはボタンに仕込んだ隠しカメラの映像です
00:48
And we went in, pretending to be buyers.
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バイヤーのふりをして潜入した我々は
00:50
And we found this right in this very state, in Karnataka.
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カルナタカでこの現場を目の当たりにします
00:53
And the bear cubs were being harvested from across the country
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ナマケグマの子熊たちがインド中で捕獲され
00:56
and being sold and traded.
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売買 交換されていたのです
00:58
These were being sold for about 2,000 dollars each,
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この熊達は一頭約2000ドルで売られ
01:00
and they are used for bear paw soup,
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熊の手スープの材料になったり
01:02
and also being trained, later on,
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後に調教され
01:04
to become dancing bears like the one you just saw.
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先ほど見たダンシングベアとして働かされます
01:08
Sadly, the family of Qalandars depended on this bear.
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悲しくも カランダルの人はこの熊で生計を立てていました
01:12
The couple are barely 18 years old.
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この夫婦はほんの18歳くらいでしょう
01:15
They already have four children beside them. You can see them.
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既に４人の子を抱えていることが伺えます
01:18
And the economy of the family and their livelihood depended on those animals.
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そして彼らの経済状況と生活はこの熊にかかっていました
01:21
So, we had to deal with it in a very practical and sustainable manner.
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そこで現実的かつ持続的な対処が必要でした
01:24
Now, when we started working deeper and digging deeper,
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より深く調査を進めていくと
01:27
we found that it's an illegal act.
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この行為は違法だと判明しました
01:29
These guys could go to jail for up to seven years
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彼らは もし警察当局に見つかってしまうと
01:32
if they were caught by authorities.
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最高7年の懲役の可能性がありました
01:34
And what they were doing to the bears was really appalling.
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それに熊への仕打ちは驚くものでした
01:36
It was unacceptable.
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あんなことは許されるべきではありません
01:39
The mother bears are usually killed.
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たいてい母親の熊は殺されます
01:41
The cubs, which are taken, are separated.
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子供達も離れ離れに連れて行かれます
01:44
Their teeth are basically bashed out with a metal rod.
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子熊たちは歯を鉄の棒で打ち抜かれ
01:47
And they use a red hot iron needle to make a hole through the muzzle.
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熱した鉄の針で鼻面を貫かれ穴が開けられます
01:51
Now we had to start changing these people and converting them from using that
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そこで彼らの慣習を変えて熊に依存せずに生活させる
01:55
for a livelihood, to getting something else.
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何か別のものが必要でした
01:57
So, this is Bitu Qalandar, who was our first experiment.
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彼はビトゥカランダル 我々の最初の協力者です
02:00
And we were so unsure that this would work.
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この実験には全く確信がありませんでした
02:02
We weren't sure at all. And we managed to convince him.
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それでも なんとか彼を説得できました
02:05
And we said, "Okay, here is some seed fund.
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私達は「この資金を渡すから
02:07
Let's see if you can get something else." And we got the bear surrendered
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何か他の事ができるか試そう」と持ちかけて
02:09
to -- we set up a sanctuary. We have four sanctuaries in India.
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熊を４つの保護区域の１つに引き渡してもらいました
02:12
And now he sells cool drinks, he's by the highway.
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彼は今 高速道路沿いで飲み物を販売して暮らしています
02:15
He has a telephone booth.
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電話も持っています
02:18
And then it started, there was no turning back after that.
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以来 熊との生活を顧みることはありませんでした
02:20
This is Sadua who came and surrendered his bear.
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これは熊を引き渡してくれたサドゥア少年です
02:22
And now he runs a cattle fodder store and a grain store
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現在彼はアグラの近くで牛の飼料と穀物の―
02:26
near Agra.
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販売店を経営しています
02:28
Then there was no looking back at all for us.
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もう過去は振り返りません
02:30
We gave cycle rickshaws.
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我々は三輪の人力車を提供しました
02:32
We set up carpet-weaving units,
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カーペットの織り機を設置し―
02:34
vocational training for the women.
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女性に職業訓練の機会も提供しています
02:36
The women were just not allowed to come out of the community
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女性は地域から出て社会の主流の中で働くことを
02:38
and work with mainstream society. So, we were able to address that.
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禁じられていたのでそこも是正しました
02:41
Education. The kids never went to school.
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教育といえば学校に行く子供はいませんでした
02:44
They only had Islamic education, very little of it.
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教育はイスラム教教育に限られていました
02:46
And they were never allowed to go to school
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稼ぎの足しと考えられていたので
02:48
because they were an extra earning hand at home. So we managed to get education.
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学校には行かせてもらえなかったのです
02:51
So, we sponsor 600 children education programs today.
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そこで我々は600の児童教育プログラムを支援し
02:55
We were able to ensure brighter futures for these people.
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彼らの未来をより実りあるものに出来ました
02:57
Of course we also had to get the bears in.
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もちろん同様に熊も救済の対象でした
03:00
This is what happens to the bears when they come in.
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これは熊が保護された時で
03:02
And this is what we turn them into.
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こちらはケアを受けた後です
03:04
We have a veterinary facility in our rescue centers.
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救護センターには獣医系施設も整っています
03:07
So, basically in 2002 there were
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2002年には概算で
03:09
1,200 dancing bears.
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1200頭のダンシングベアがいました
03:11
We rescued over 550 dancing bears.
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我々は550頭以上を救出してきました
03:14
We've been able to ensure better futures for the people and the bears.
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人と熊 両者により良い未来を約束することができたのです
03:17
The big news that I want to announce today
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本日発表したい重大ニュースがあります
03:19
is that next month we will be bringing in
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遂にインドで最後のダンシングベアを
03:22
the very last bear of India,
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来月 我々の施設に
03:25
into our rescue center.
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受け入れることになりました
03:27
(Applause)
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(拍手)
03:31
And India will no longer have to witness this cruel barbaric practice
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インドで数世紀に渡り行われてきたこのような
03:35
which has been here for centuries.
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非情な慣習がなくなるのです
03:37
And the people can hold their heads up high.
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人々も胸を張り暮らせます
03:39
And the Qalandar people will rise above all this cruel barbaric past
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カランダルの人々もこの非情で野蛮な過去を払拭し
03:42
that they've lived all their lives.
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ここから立ち上がるのです
03:44
And the beautiful bears can of course live in the wild again.
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もちろんこの美しい熊たちもまた野生に戻ることができます
03:47
And there will be no more removing of these bears.
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熊の密猟はもう起こらないでしょう
03:50
And the children, both humans and bear cubs
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そして人の子も熊の子も
03:53
can live peacefully. Thank you.
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平和の元で暮らせます ありがとう
03:55
(Applause)
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(拍手)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationistKartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears.
Why you should listen
Known by many in India as the “Bear Man,” Kartick Satyanaran is the co-founder of Wildlife SOS -- a non-profit wildlife conservation organization famous for its campaign to rescue every “dancing” bear in the country. For many years, “dancing” sloth bears were the only livelihood of the Kalandar community, but the practice involves extreme cruelty by modern standards, endangers the bear population and is illegal today. He began the organization with his aunt and fellow animal rights champion Geeta Seshamani in 1995, and since then they have rescued over 550 bears.
Satyanaran began rescuing animals as a child, with a particular tendency to rescue snakes. Although he majored in business management in college, he returned to his early love of animal as a field assistant tracking tigers for the Wildlife Conservation Society. Now, through Wildlife SOS, he runs rescue and rehabilitation centers for India’s sloth bears, elephants, leopards and more, as well as several conservation and forest watch projects.
Kartick Satyanarayan | Speaker | TED.com