TEDIndia 2009
Kartick Satyanarayan: How we rescued the "dancing bears"
كاتريك ساتيانارايان: نجات خرس‌هاي رقاص خيابانها
Filmed:
Readability: 3.4
470,045 views
قوم كالاندر از قديم از طريق شكار بچه‌‌هاي خرس تنبل و آموزش رقص به آنها كه به شيوه‌اي بسيار بي‌رحمانه صورت مي‌گرفت، زندگي خود را مي‌گذراند. كاتريك ساتيانارايان توانسته است به اين رفتار كهنه اين قرن خط پايان بكشد. و در اين كار درسي را آموخته است كه اهميت بسياري دارد: كساني را كه درگير اين كارند در راه‌حل خود بگنجانيد
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationist
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
Hi. For those of you who haven't seen dancing bears,
0
2000
3000
سلام، براي آنهايي كه خرس‌هاي رقاص خيابانها را نديده‌اند،
00:20
these are the dancing bears.
1
5000
2000
اينها خرس‌هاي رقاص هستند.
00:22
In 1995, we started working on a two-year investigative research project
2
7000
3000
در سال ۱۹۹۵ ما روي يك پروژه تحقيقاتي دوساله شروع به كار كرديم
00:25
to try and find out what was going on.
3
10000
3000
تا ببينيم چه كاري مي‌توان انجام داد و چه كاري در حال انجام است.
00:28
Because the sloth bears in the wild were obviously getting depleted
4
13000
2000
زيرا اين خرس‌هاي تنبل در طبيعت وحشي، آشكارا
00:30
because of this.
5
15000
2000
به اين خاطر رو به انقراضند
00:32
This is the Qalandar community. They are a marginalized Islamic community
6
17000
4000
اين جامعه كالاندر است. آنها يك جامعه حاشيه‌اي هستند.
00:36
who live across India,
7
21000
2000
كه در هند زندگي مي‌كنند.
00:38
and have been in India since the 13th century.
8
23000
5000
و از قرن سيزدهم در هند بوده‌اند
00:43
We went about getting evidence of what was going on.
9
28000
3000
ما رفتيم ببينيم كه آنجا چه خبر است.
00:46
And this is footage from a hidden camera in a button.
10
31000
2000
و اين فيلمي است كه با يك دوربين مخفي در داخل يك دخمه گرفته شده است.
00:48
And we went in, pretending to be buyers.
11
33000
2000
ما رفتيم داخل و وانمود كرديم كه خريداريم
00:50
And we found this right in this very state, in Karnataka.
12
35000
3000
و ما اين را دقيقا در اين محل، در كاراناتاكا، پيدا كرديم.
00:53
And the bear cubs were being harvested from across the country
13
38000
3000
بچه خرس‌ها از تمام كشور يك به يك جمع‌آوري شده
00:56
and being sold and traded.
14
41000
2000
و اينجا فروخته شده و دادوستد مي‌شدند.
00:58
These were being sold for about 2,000 dollars each,
15
43000
2000
هريك از اينها در حدود دو هزار دلار فروخته مي‌شدند
01:00
and they are used for bear paw soup,
16
45000
2000
از آنها براي تهيه صابون پنجه خرس استفاده مي‌شد
01:02
and also being trained, later on,
17
47000
2000
و همچنين آنها را آموزش مي‌دادند تا
01:04
to become dancing bears like the one you just saw.
18
49000
4000
تا خرس دست‌آموز سيرك باشند مثل اين كه الان ديديد.
01:08
Sadly, the family of Qalandars depended on this bear.
19
53000
4000
متاسفانه زندگي تيره كالاندرها به اين خرس بستگي داشت
01:12
The couple are barely 18 years old.
20
57000
3000
اين زوج نزديك ۱۸ سال دارند.
01:15
They already have four children beside them. You can see them.
21
60000
3000
در عين حال آنها چهار بچه دارند. شما مي‌توانيد آنها را ببينيد
01:18
And the economy of the family and their livelihood depended on those animals.
22
63000
3000
و اقتصاد خانواده و زندگي آنها به اين حيوانات بستگي داشت
01:21
So, we had to deal with it in a very practical and sustainable manner.
23
66000
3000
لذا، ما بايد طوري عمل مي‌كرديم كه كارمان مفيد بوده و دوام داشته باشد
01:24
Now, when we started working deeper and digging deeper,
24
69000
3000
بله، وقتي كه ما بيشتر در خصوص اين مساله كنكاش كرديم
01:27
we found that it's an illegal act.
25
72000
2000
متوجه شديم كه اين كار غير قانوني است
01:29
These guys could go to jail for up to seven years
26
74000
3000
اينها به خاطراين‌كار ممكن بود تا هفت سال به زندان محكوم شوند
01:32
if they were caught by authorities.
27
77000
2000
اگر توسط مقامات قانوني دستگير مي‌شدند
01:34
And what they were doing to the bears was really appalling.
28
79000
2000
و كاري كه آنها با اين خرس‌ها مي‌كردند واقعا كار وحشتناكي بود
01:36
It was unacceptable.
29
81000
3000
قابل پذيرش نبود
01:39
The mother bears are usually killed.
30
84000
2000
خرس مادر معمولا كشته مي‌شد
01:41
The cubs, which are taken, are separated.
31
86000
3000
بچه‌خرسها جدا از هم نگهداري مي‌شدند
01:44
Their teeth are basically bashed out with a metal rod.
32
89000
3000
دندان‌هاي آنها را با ميله‌اي فلزي مي‌بستند
01:47
And they use a red hot iron needle to make a hole through the muzzle.
33
92000
4000
و يك سوزن بزرگ آهني داغ قرمز را براي ايجاد سوراخ در پوزه به‌كار مي‌بردند
01:51
Now we had to start changing these people and converting them from using that
34
96000
4000
حالا ما بايد شروع به تغيير دادن اين افراد كرده و به جاي اين كار
01:55
for a livelihood, to getting something else.
35
100000
2000
براي تهيه معاش، آنها را به كار ديگري سوق بدهيم
01:57
So, this is Bitu Qalandar, who was our first experiment.
36
102000
3000
خوب اين بيتو كالاندر است، كسي كه اولين تجربه ما بود
02:00
And we were so unsure that this would work.
37
105000
2000
ما مطمئن نبوديم كه ايده ما خوب پيش برود
02:02
We weren't sure at all. And we managed to convince him.
38
107000
3000
ما اصلا مطمئن نبوديم و سعي كرديم كه او را متقاعد كنيم
02:05
And we said, "Okay, here is some seed fund.
39
110000
2000
ما گفتيم خوب اينجا كارهايي هست.
02:07
Let's see if you can get something else." And we got the bear surrendered
40
112000
2000
بگذار ببينيم شايد بتوني كار ديگري پيدا كني. و خرس را به منطقه حفاظت شده برده
02:09
to -- we set up a sanctuary. We have four sanctuaries in India.
41
114000
3000
و يك پناهگاه ترتيب داديم. ما چهار پناهگاه در هند داريم
02:12
And now he sells cool drinks, he's by the highway.
42
117000
3000
و اكنون او در بزرگراه نوشيدني‌هاي خنك مي‌فروشد
02:15
He has a telephone booth.
43
120000
3000
او يك كابين تلفن هم دارد
02:18
And then it started, there was no turning back after that.
44
123000
2000
و از آن پس كار ما شروع شده بود و ديگر بازگشتي نبود
02:20
This is Sadua who came and surrendered his bear.
45
125000
2000
اين سادوا است كه خودش آمد و خرسش را در منطقه حفاظت شده گذاشت
02:22
And now he runs a cattle fodder store and a grain store
46
127000
4000
و اكنون او فروشگاه علوفه احشام را اداره كرده و يك مغازه بذر و جوانه
02:26
near Agra.
47
131000
2000
در نزيكي آگرا دارد
02:28
Then there was no looking back at all for us.
48
133000
2000
بعد از آن ديگر براي هيچ يك از ما دست از كار كشيدن نبود
02:30
We gave cycle rickshaws.
49
135000
2000
ما براي براي برخي جهت مسافركشي وسيله نقليه فراهم كرديم
02:32
We set up carpet-weaving units,
50
137000
2000
ما واحدهاي بافت قالي ايجاد كرده
02:34
vocational training for the women.
51
139000
2000
و براي زنان آموزش مهارت‌هاي شغلي داير كرديم
02:36
The women were just not allowed to come out of the community
52
141000
2000
زنان حق خروج از اجتماع محلي
02:38
and work with mainstream society. So, we were able to address that.
53
143000
3000
و كار با جامعه اصلي را نداشتند ما توانستيم آن را مطرح كده و هدف بگيريم
02:41
Education. The kids never went to school.
54
146000
3000
تحصيلات. كودكان به مدرسه نمي‌رفتند
02:44
They only had Islamic education, very little of it.
55
149000
2000
آنها فقط تحصيلات مذهبي داشتند. آن هم خيلي كم.
02:46
And they were never allowed to go to school
56
151000
2000
و اصلا اجازه نداشتند مدرسه بروند
02:48
because they were an extra earning hand at home. So we managed to get education.
57
153000
3000
چون آنها بازوي كمكي معاش خانواده بودند. اما ما ترتيب تحصيل آنها را داديم.
02:51
So, we sponsor 600 children education programs today.
58
156000
4000
به همين خاطر، الان ما از برنامه‌هاي آموزشي ششصد كودك حمايت مي‌كنيم
02:55
We were able to ensure brighter futures for these people.
59
160000
2000
ما توانستيم آينده درخشانتري براي اين افراد فراهم كنيم
02:57
Of course we also had to get the bears in.
60
162000
3000
در كنار آن ما بايد به خرس‌ها هم مي‌رسيديم
03:00
This is what happens to the bears when they come in.
61
165000
2000
وقتي خرس‌ها به پناهگاه مي‌آيند اينگونه‌اند
03:02
And this is what we turn them into.
62
167000
2000
و ما آنها را به اين تبديل مي‌كنيم
03:04
We have a veterinary facility in our rescue centers.
63
169000
3000
ما در مراكز نجات ساختمان دامپزشكي داريم
03:07
So, basically in 2002 there were
64
172000
2000
لذا، ابتدا در سال 2002
03:09
1,200 dancing bears.
65
174000
2000
هزار و دويست خرس رقاص خياباني وجود داشت
03:11
We rescued over 550 dancing bears.
66
176000
3000
ما بيش از پانصد و پنجاه خرس رقاص را نجات داديم
03:14
We've been able to ensure better futures for the people and the bears.
67
179000
3000
و ما توانسته‌ايم آينده بهتري براي اين افراد و خرس‌ها تامين كنيم
03:17
The big news that I want to announce today
68
182000
2000
خبر عمده‌اي كه امروز مي‌خواهم به شما بدهم
03:19
is that next month we will be bringing in
69
184000
3000
اين است كه ما در ماه آينده
03:22
the very last bear of India,
70
187000
3000
آخرين خرس رقاص خيابان در هند را
03:25
into our rescue center.
71
190000
2000
به مركز نجات خود خواهيم آورد
03:27
(Applause)
72
192000
4000
تشويق حضار
03:31
And India will no longer have to witness this cruel barbaric practice
73
196000
4000
و هند ديگر شاهد اين رفتار وحشيانه و بي‌رحمانه
03:35
which has been here for centuries.
74
200000
2000
كه قرنها در آن رواج داشته، نخواهد بود
03:37
And the people can hold their heads up high.
75
202000
2000
و اين مردم مي‌توانند سرشان را بالا بگيرند
03:39
And the Qalandar people will rise above all this cruel barbaric past
76
204000
3000
و قوم كالاندر فارغ از گذشته وحشيانه و بي‌رحمانه خويش كه
03:42
that they've lived all their lives.
77
207000
2000
در تمام طول زندگي خود با آن خو گرفته بودند رشد خواهد كرد
03:44
And the beautiful bears can of course live in the wild again.
78
209000
3000
و مطمئنا خرس‌هاي زيبا خواهن توانست دوباره در طبيعت وحشي زندگي كنند
03:47
And there will be no more removing of these bears.
79
212000
3000
و ديگر كسي اين خرس‌ها را از بين نخواهد برد
03:50
And the children, both humans and bear cubs
80
215000
3000
و بچه‌ها، هم بچه خرس‌ها و هم كودكان ما
03:53
can live peacefully. Thank you.
81
218000
2000
مي‌توانند با آرامش زندگي كنند. متشكرم
03:55
(Applause)
82
220000
1000
(تشويق حضار)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationistKartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears.
Why you should listen
Known by many in India as the “Bear Man,” Kartick Satyanaran is the co-founder of Wildlife SOS -- a non-profit wildlife conservation organization famous for its campaign to rescue every “dancing” bear in the country. For many years, “dancing” sloth bears were the only livelihood of the Kalandar community, but the practice involves extreme cruelty by modern standards, endangers the bear population and is illegal today. He began the organization with his aunt and fellow animal rights champion Geeta Seshamani in 1995, and since then they have rescued over 550 bears.
Satyanaran began rescuing animals as a child, with a particular tendency to rescue snakes. Although he majored in business management in college, he returned to his early love of animal as a field assistant tracking tigers for the Wildlife Conservation Society. Now, through Wildlife SOS, he runs rescue and rehabilitation centers for India’s sloth bears, elephants, leopards and more, as well as several conservation and forest watch projects.
Kartick Satyanarayan | Speaker | TED.com