TEDIndia 2009
Kartick Satyanarayan: How we rescued the "dancing bears"
Kartick Satyanarayan: Ako sme zachránili "tancujúce" medvede.
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Podľa tradície sa indický kmeň Kalandarov živil chytaním mláďat medveďa pyskatého, ktoré potom s krutosťou vycvičili, aby "tancovali". Katrick Satyanarayan bol schopný ukončiť tento stáročný zvyk, a pritom sa naučil dôležité ponaučenie: premeniť tých, čo to robili, na súčasť riešenia.
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationist
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
Hi. For those of you who haven't seen dancing bears,
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Ahoj. Pre tých z vás, ktorí ešte nevideli tancujúce medvede,
00:20
these are the dancing bears.
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toto sú oni.
00:22
In 1995, we started working on a two-year investigative research project
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V roku 1995 sme začali pracovať na dvojročnom výskumnom projekte,
00:25
to try and find out what was going on.
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aby sme zistili, čo sa deje.
00:28
Because the sloth bears in the wild were obviously getting depleted
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Vedeli sme, že populácia voľne žijúceho ázijského medveďa (Melursus ursinus)
00:30
because of this.
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v dôsledku tejto aktivity prudko klesá.
00:32
This is the Qalandar community. They are a marginalized Islamic community
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Toto je kmeň Kalandar. Je to okrajový islamský kmeň žijúci
00:36
who live across India,
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po celej Indii
00:38
and have been in India since the 13th century.
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už od 13. storočia.
00:43
We went about getting evidence of what was going on.
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Našim cieľom bolo získať dôkazy o tom, čo sa tam deje.
00:46
And this is footage from a hidden camera in a button.
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Toto sú zábery z kamery ukrytej v gombíku.
00:48
And we went in, pretending to be buyers.
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Navštívili sme túto komunitu a prestierali, že sme kupci.
00:50
And we found this right in this very state, in Karnataka.
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A toto sme našli priamo v tomto štáte, v Karnatake.
00:53
And the bear cubs were being harvested from across the country
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Títo ľudia unášali medvieďatá po celej krajine
00:56
and being sold and traded.
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a potom s nimi obchodovali.
00:58
These were being sold for about 2,000 dollars each,
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Tieto sa predávali po 2000 dolárov za každé.
01:00
and they are used for bear paw soup,
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Použili ich buď na polievku z medvedích tláp
01:02
and also being trained, later on,
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alebo ich neskôr trénovali
01:04
to become dancing bears like the one you just saw.
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na tancujúce medvede ako tie, čo ste pred chvíľou videli.
01:08
Sadly, the family of Qalandars depended on this bear.
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Smutné je, že táto kalandarská rodina bola na medveďovi závislá.
01:12
The couple are barely 18 years old.
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Tento pár má sotva 18 rokov.
01:15
They already have four children beside them. You can see them.
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Už teraz majú 4 deti. Tu ich vidíte.
01:18
And the economy of the family and their livelihood depended on those animals.
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Ich rodinný príjem, ich živobytie záviselo na týchto zvieratách.
01:21
So, we had to deal with it in a very practical and sustainable manner.
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Takže sme museli nájsť veľmi praktické a udržateľné riešenie.
01:24
Now, when we started working deeper and digging deeper,
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Keď sme sa týmto problémom začali zaoberať hlbšie,
01:27
we found that it's an illegal act.
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zistili sme, že sa jedná o zločin.
01:29
These guys could go to jail for up to seven years
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Títo ľudia by mohli ísť do väzenia až na sedem rokov,
01:32
if they were caught by authorities.
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ak by sa o nich dozvedeli príslušné autority.
01:34
And what they were doing to the bears was really appalling.
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Čo robili s tými medveďmi bolo naozaj strašné.
01:36
It was unacceptable.
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Bolo to neprijateľné.
01:39
The mother bears are usually killed.
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Medvedice zvyčajne zabijú.
01:41
The cubs, which are taken, are separated.
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Medvieďatá, ktoré odoberú, rozdelia.
01:44
Their teeth are basically bashed out with a metal rod.
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Zuby im v podstate vybijú kovovou tyčou.
01:47
And they use a red hot iron needle to make a hole through the muzzle.
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Cez pysk im urobia dieru rozžeravenou železnou ihlou.
01:51
Now we had to start changing these people and converting them from using that
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Museli sme začať meniť týchto ľudí a presvedčiť ich, aby si na svoje živobytie
01:55
for a livelihood, to getting something else.
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zarábali nejak inak.
01:57
So, this is Bitu Qalandar, who was our first experiment.
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Toto je Bitu Kalandar, ktorý bol náš prvý experiment.
02:00
And we were so unsure that this would work.
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Neboli sme si istí, či to bude fungovať.
02:02
We weren't sure at all. And we managed to convince him.
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Neboli sme si vôbec istí. Ale podarilo sa nám ho presvedčiť.
02:05
And we said, "Okay, here is some seed fund.
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Povedali sme mu: "Dobre, tu máš nejaký počiatočný kapitál.
02:07
Let's see if you can get something else." And we got the bear surrendered
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Uvidíme, či sa ti podarí žiť z niečoho iného." Odovzdal nám medveďa -
02:09
to -- we set up a sanctuary. We have four sanctuaries in India.
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založili sme útulok. Máme v Indii 4 takéto útulky.
02:12
And now he sells cool drinks, he's by the highway.
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Teraz predáva studené nápoje pri ceste.
02:15
He has a telephone booth.
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Má telefónnu búdku.
02:18
And then it started, there was no turning back after that.
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A tak to začalo a už nebolo cesty späť.
02:20
This is Sadua who came and surrendered his bear.
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Toto je Sadua, ktorý prišiel a odovzdal nám svojho medveďa.
02:22
And now he runs a cattle fodder store and a grain store
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Teraz má obchod s krmivom pre dobytok a zrním
02:26
near Agra.
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neďaleko Agry.
02:28
Then there was no looking back at all for us.
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Už pre nás nebolo cesty späť.
02:30
We gave cycle rickshaws.
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Rozdali sme rikše.
02:32
We set up carpet-weaving units,
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Založili sme podniky na tkanie kobercov
02:34
vocational training for the women.
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a miesta na školenie pre ženy.
02:36
The women were just not allowed to come out of the community
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Ženy sa predtým nemohli pohybovať mimo komunity
02:38
and work with mainstream society. So, we were able to address that.
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a pracovať v bežnej spoločnosti. Takže sme sa zamerali aj na to.
02:41
Education. The kids never went to school.
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Vzdelanie. Tieto deti nikdy nechodili do školy.
02:44
They only had Islamic education, very little of it.
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Mali len islamské vzdelanie a aj to veľmi obmedzené.
02:46
And they were never allowed to go to school
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Nikdy im nedovolili chodiť do školy,
02:48
because they were an extra earning hand at home. So we managed to get education.
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pretože doma pomáhali zarábať. Podarilo sa nám dať im vzdelanie.
02:51
So, we sponsor 600 children education programs today.
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Dnes sponzorujeme 600 vzdelávacích programov pre deti.
02:55
We were able to ensure brighter futures for these people.
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Zaistili sme týmto ľuďom lepšiu budúcnosť.
02:57
Of course we also had to get the bears in.
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Samozrejme sme sa museli postarať aj o medvede.
03:00
This is what happens to the bears when they come in.
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Takto vyzejú, keď ich privedú k nám.
03:02
And this is what we turn them into.
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A toto sme z nich urobili my.
03:04
We have a veterinary facility in our rescue centers.
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V našich záchranných centrách máme veterinárne stanice.
03:07
So, basically in 2002 there were
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Takže, v roku 2002 existovalo
03:09
1,200 dancing bears.
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1200 tancujúcich medveďov.
03:11
We rescued over 550 dancing bears.
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My sme zachránili viac ako 550 z nich.
03:14
We've been able to ensure better futures for the people and the bears.
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Podarilo sa nám zaistiť lepšiu budúcnosť pre ľudí aj medvede.
03:17
The big news that I want to announce today
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Najdôležitejšia vec, ktorú vám chcem dnes oznámiť je,
03:19
is that next month we will be bringing in
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že nasledujúci mesiac do nášho
03:22
the very last bear of India,
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záchranného centra privedú
03:25
into our rescue center.
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posledného medveďa v Indii.
03:27
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
03:31
And India will no longer have to witness this cruel barbaric practice
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India už nebude musieť byť svedkom tohto krutého barbarského zvyku,
03:35
which has been here for centuries.
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ktorý pretrvával po stáročia.
03:37
And the people can hold their heads up high.
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Ľudia budú môcť chodiť so vztýčenými hlavami.
03:39
And the Qalandar people will rise above all this cruel barbaric past
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Členovia kmeňa Kalandar zanechajú za sebou svoju krutú a barbarskú minulosť,
03:42
that they've lived all their lives.
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v ktorej doteraz žili.
03:44
And the beautiful bears can of course live in the wild again.
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A tieto krásne medvede budú môcť znova žiť v divočine.
03:47
And there will be no more removing of these bears.
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A nikto ich už nebude odchytávať.
03:50
And the children, both humans and bear cubs
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A deti, ľudské aj medvedie,
03:53
can live peacefully. Thank you.
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môžu žiť v mieri. Ďakujem.
03:55
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationistKartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears.
Why you should listen
Known by many in India as the “Bear Man,” Kartick Satyanaran is the co-founder of Wildlife SOS -- a non-profit wildlife conservation organization famous for its campaign to rescue every “dancing” bear in the country. For many years, “dancing” sloth bears were the only livelihood of the Kalandar community, but the practice involves extreme cruelty by modern standards, endangers the bear population and is illegal today. He began the organization with his aunt and fellow animal rights champion Geeta Seshamani in 1995, and since then they have rescued over 550 bears.
Satyanaran began rescuing animals as a child, with a particular tendency to rescue snakes. Although he majored in business management in college, he returned to his early love of animal as a field assistant tracking tigers for the Wildlife Conservation Society. Now, through Wildlife SOS, he runs rescue and rehabilitation centers for India’s sloth bears, elephants, leopards and more, as well as several conservation and forest watch projects.
Kartick Satyanarayan | Speaker | TED.com