TED2011
John Hunter: Teaching with the World Peace Game
John Hunter o Igri Svjetskog Mira
Filmed:
Readability: 3.5
1,558,983 views
John Hunter postavlja sve probleme svijeta na komad drveta -- i dopušta svojim učenicima četvrtog razreda da ih riješe. Na TED2011, on objašnjava kako njegova Igra Svjetskog Mira uključuje školsku djecu, i zašto složene lekcije koje uči -- spontano, i uvijek iznenađujuće -- ide dalje no što to mogu predavanja u učionici.
John Hunter - Educator
Teacher and musician John Hunter is the inventor of the World Peace Game (and the star of the documentary "World Peace and Other 4th-Grade Achievements"). Full bio
Teacher and musician John Hunter is the inventor of the World Peace Game (and the star of the documentary "World Peace and Other 4th-Grade Achievements"). Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I'm very fortunate to be here.
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Imam sreće što sam ovdje
00:17
I feel so fortunate.
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osjećam se sretnim
00:19
I've been so impressed by the kindness expressed to me.
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Potpuno sam impresioniran sa dobrotom koja mi se iskazuje.
00:23
I called my wife Leslie,
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Nazvao sam svoju ženu Leslie
00:25
and I said, "You know, there's so many good people
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i rekao sam joj: "Znaš ima tako puno dobrih ljudi
00:27
trying to do so much good.
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koji pokušavaju napraviti tolko dobra.
00:29
It feels like I've landed in a colony of angels."
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imam osjećaj kao da sam sletio u koloniju anđela"
00:33
It's a true feeling.
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To je iskreni osjećaj,
00:36
But let me get to the talk -- I see the clock is running.
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Ali da se vratimo predavanju -- vidim da mi vrijeme ide.
00:39
I'm a public school teacher,
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Ja sam učitelj u državnoj školi,
00:42
and I just want to share a story of my superintendent.
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i samo želim podijeliti priću o mojoj nadređenici.
00:45
Her name is Pam Moran
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Njezino ime je Pam Moran
00:47
in Albemarle County, Virginia,
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u Albemarle okrugu, Virginia,
00:49
the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains.
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u podnožju planina Blue Ridge.
00:51
And she's a very high-tech superintendent.
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i ona je jako tehnološka nadglednica.
00:53
She uses smart boards, she blogs,
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Koristi smart ploče, bloggira,
00:55
she Tweets, she does Facebook,
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tweeta i koristi Facebook,
00:57
she does all this sort of high-tech stuff.
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radi sve te tehnološke stvari.
00:59
She's a technology leader and instructional leader.
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Ona je tehnološki vođa i vođa u edukaciji.
01:02
But in her office,
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Ali u njezinu uredu,
01:04
there's this old wooden, weather-worn table, kitchen table --
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je jedan stari drveni, vremenom pohabani, kuhinjski stol---
01:08
peeling green paint, it's kind of rickety.
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guli se zelena boja, pomalo je nestabilan.
01:11
And I said, "Pam, you're such a modern, cutting-edge person.
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Rekao sam joj, "Pam, ti si moderna, osoba novih tehnologija.
01:15
Why is this old table in your office?"
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Zašto ti je taj stari stol u uredu?"
01:17
And she told me, she said,
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I ona mi je rekla, rekla je,
01:19
"You know, I grew up in Southwestern Virginia,
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"Znaš, odrasla sam u jugozapadnoj Virginiji,
01:22
in the coal mines and the farmlands of rural Virginia,
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gdje su rudnici ugljena i farme od ruralne Virdžinije,
01:25
and this table was in my grandfather's kitchen.
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i ovaj stol je bio u kuhinji mog djeda.
01:29
And we'd come in from playing, he'd come in from plowing and working,
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I kad bi mi došli izvana sa igranja, a on izvana sa opkopavanja i posla
01:32
and we'd sit around that table every night.
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i sjedili bi oko tog stola svake večeri.
01:34
And as I grew up, I heard so much knowledge
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I kako sam odrastala, čula sam tolko znanja
01:37
and so many insights and so much wisdom
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tolko uvida i tolko mudrosti
01:39
come out around this table,
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oko ovog stola,
01:41
I began to call it the wisdom table.
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da sam ga počela zvat stolom mudrosti.
01:44
And when he passed on, I took this table with me and brought it to my office,
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I kad je on preminuo, uzela sam ovaj stol sa sobom i donijela ga u svoj ured,
01:47
and it reminds me of him.
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i on me podsjeća na njega.
01:49
It reminds me of what goes on around an empty space sometimes."
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Podsjeća me na to što se događa u praznom prostoru ponekada."
01:54
The project I'm going to tell you about
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Projekt o kojem ću vam sada pričati
01:56
is called the World Peace Game,
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se zove Igra Svijetskog Mira,
01:58
and essentially it is also an empty space.
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i u principu je isto prazan prostor.
02:00
And I'd like to think of it
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I ja bi volio o njemu razmišljati
02:02
as a 21st century wisdom table, really.
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kao o stolu mudrosti 21 stoljeća, zapravo.
02:06
It all started back in 1977.
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Sve je počelo nazad u 1977.
02:10
I was a young man,
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Bio sam mlad čovjek,
02:13
and I had been dropping in and out of college.
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i bio sam stalno upisivao i ispisivao fakultete.
02:20
And my parents were very patient,
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i moj roditelju si bili jako strpljivi,
02:23
but I had been doing intermittent sojourns to India
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ali sam ja imao putovanje po Indiji
02:25
on a mystical quest.
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po mističnom zadatku.
02:27
And I remember the last time I came back from India --
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I sjećam se vremena kad sam došao nazad iz Indije--
02:29
in my long white flowing robes
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u mojim dugačkim lepršavim togama
02:31
and my big beard and my John Lennon glasses --
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i mojom dugačkom bradom i John Lennon naočalama--
02:34
and I said to my father,
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i rekao sam svom ocu,
02:36
"Dad, I think I've just about found spiritual enlightenment."
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"Tata, mislim da sam našao duhovno prosvjetljenje."
02:38
He said, "Well there's one more thing you need to find."
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On je rekao: " To znači da imaš još samo jednu stvar za naći."
02:41
I said, "What is that, dad?" "A job."
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i ja sam pitao: " A što to tata?" "Posao."
02:44
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:47
And so they pleaded with me to get a degree in something.
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I tako su me molili da dobijem diplomu iz nečega.
02:50
So I got a degree
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I tako sam došao do diplome
02:52
and it turned out to be education.
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i kako je ispalo bila je to diploma iz edukacije
02:54
It was an experimental education program.
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Bio je to eksperimentalan program za edukaciju.
02:56
It could have been dentistry, but the word "experimental" was in it,
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Mogla je to biti stomatologija, ali riječ "eksperimentalno" je bila uključena,
02:58
and so that's what I had to go for.
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pa je to bilo ono za čime sam morao ići.
03:01
And I went in for a job interview
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I onda sam otišao na interviju za posao
03:04
in the Richmond Public Schools in Virginia, the capital city,
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u Richmond državnu školu u Virdžiniji, u glavnom gradu,
03:07
bought a three-piece suit -- my concession to convention --
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kupio si trodijelno odijelo -- moje pristajanje na konvencionalnost --
03:10
kept my long beard and my afro
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zadržao sam dugu bradu i moju afro frizuru
03:12
and my platform shoes -- at the time it was the '70s --
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i moje platformirane cipele -- u to vrijeme bile su 70te --
03:15
and I walked in, and I sat down and had an interview.
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i kada sam ušao, i sjeo dolje imao sam interviju.
03:18
And I guess they were hard up for teachers
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I pretpostavljam da im je trebalo učitelja
03:20
because the supervisor, her name was Anna Aro,
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jer je nadglednica, njeno ime je bilo Anna Aro,
03:22
said I had the job teaching gifted children.
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rekla da imam posao učenja nadarene djece.
03:26
And I was so shocked, so stunned,
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I bio sam tako šokiran, zapanjen,
03:28
I got up and said, "Well, thank you, but what do I do?"
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da sam ustao i rekao: "Hvala vam, ali što trebam raditi?"
03:31
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:34
Gifted education hadn't really taken hold too much.
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Edukacija nadarenih nije još zaživjela u punom smislu.
03:36
There weren't really many materials or things to use.
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Nije bilo previše materijala koji su se mogli koristiti.
03:39
And I said, "What do I do?"
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I pitao sam: "Što da radim?"
03:41
And her answer shocked me. It stunned me.
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I njezin odgovor me šokirao. Zapanjio me još više.
03:44
Her answer set the template
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Njezin odgovor je postavio okvire
03:46
for the entire career I was to have after that.
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cijele karijere koju ću imat poslje toga.
03:50
She said, "What do you want to do?"
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Rekla je: "Što bi ti htio raditi?"
03:55
And that question cleared the space.
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I to je pitanje ispraznilo prostor.
03:57
There was no program directive, no manual to follow,
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Nije bilo direktive programa, ni uputa koje bi trebalo pratiti,
04:00
no standards in gifted education
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ni standarda u edukaciji nadarenih
04:03
in that way.
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na taj način.
04:05
And she cleared such a space
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I ona je oslobodila takav prostor
04:07
that I endeavored from then on
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koji sam ja koristio od onda
04:09
to clear a space for my students, an empty space,
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da stvorim prostor mojim učenicima, prazan prostor,
04:12
whereby they could create and make meaning
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gdje bi oni mogli stvoriti i napraviti neko značenje
04:14
out of their own understanding.
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od vlastitog razumjevanja.
04:18
So this happened in 1978,
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To se dogodilo u 1978,
04:21
and I was teaching many years later,
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i ja sam predavao puno godina kasnije,
04:24
and a friend of mine introduced me to a young filmmaker.
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i jedan moj prijatelj me upoznao sa mladim filmašem.
04:27
His name is Chris Farina.
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Njegovo ime je Chris Farina.
04:29
Chris Farina is here today at his own cost.
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Chris Farina je tu s nama danas o vlastitom računu.
04:31
Chris, could you stand up and let them see you --
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Chris, možeš li ustati i dati im da te vide --
04:33
a young, visionary filmmaker who's made a film.
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mladi, vizionarski flimaš koji je napravio film.
04:36
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
04:40
This film is called "World Peace and Other 4th Grade Achievements."
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Film se zove "Svjetski Mir i Druga Dostignuća 4. razreda."
04:43
He proposed the film to me -- it's a great title.
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On je predložio film meni -- odličan je naslov.
04:46
He proposed the film to me,
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On je predložio da snimi film,
04:48
and I said, "Yeah, maybe it'll be on local TV,
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i ja sam rekao, "Može, možda će biti na mjesnoj televiziji,
04:50
and we can say hi to our friends."
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i možemo reći bok svojim prijateljima."
04:52
But the film has really gone places.
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Ali film je stvarno postao uspješan.
04:54
Now it's still in debt, but Chris has managed, through his own sacrifice,
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Sada iako još u dugu, Chris je uspio, kroz vlastitu žrtvu,
04:57
to get this film out.
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izdati ovaj film.
04:59
So we made a film
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I tako smo napravili film
05:01
and it turns out to be more than a story about me,
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i pokazalo se da je to više od priče o meni,
05:04
more than a story about one teacher.
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više od priče o jednom učitelju.
05:06
It's a story that's a testament to teaching and teachers.
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To je priča koja je priznanje učenju i učiteljima.
05:10
And it's a beautiful thing.
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I to je prekrasna stvar.
05:12
And the strange thing is, when I watch the film --
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I čudna je stvar, kad gledam flim --
05:15
I have the eerie sensation of seeing it --
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imam čudan osječaj da gledanjem njega--
05:18
I saw myself literally disappear.
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gledam kako ja doslovce nestajem.
05:21
What I saw
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Ono što sam vidio
05:23
was my teachers coming through me.
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je kako moji učitelji dolaze kroz mene.
05:27
I saw my geometry teacher in high school, Mr. Rucell's
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Vidio sam kako moj učitelj geometrije iz srednje škole, gospodin Rucell
05:31
wry smile under his handlebar mustache.
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iskrivljuje osmjeh ispod svojih brkova.
05:34
That's the smile I use -- that's his smile.
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To je osmijeh koji ja koristim -- to je njegov osmjeh.
05:37
I saw Jan Polo's flashing eyes.
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Vidio sam užarene oči Jan Polo.
05:40
And they weren't flashing in anger,
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Ali nisu užarene u bijesu,
05:42
they were flashing in love, intense love for her students.
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njihova užarenost je u ljubavi, intenzivnoj ljubavi prema njenim učenicima.
05:45
And I have that kind of flash sometimes.
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I ja imam takav žar ponekad.
05:48
And I saw Miss Ethel J. Banks
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I vidio sam gđicu Ethel J. Banks
05:51
who wore pearls and high-heels to elementary school every day.
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koja je nosila visoke pete i bisere u osnovnu školu svaki dan.
05:55
And you know, she had that old-school teacher stare.
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I znate imala je onaj staromodni pogled učitelja.
05:59
You know the one.
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Znate na koji mislim.
06:01
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:04
"And I'm not even talking about you behind me,
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" A čak i ne pričam vama iza mene,
06:06
because I've got eyes in the back of my head."
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zato jer imam oči na potiljku glave."
06:08
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:11
You know that teacher?
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Znate tog učitelja?
06:13
I didn't use that stare very often,
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I nisam koristio taj pogled često,
06:15
but I do have it in my repertoire.
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ali ga imam na repertoraru,
06:18
And Miss Banks was there as a great mentor for me.
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i gđica. Banks je bila tamo kao veliki mentor za mene.
06:21
And then I saw
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I tada sam vidio
06:23
my own parents, my first teachers.
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moje vlastite roditelje, moje prve učitelje.
06:26
My father, very inventive, spatial thinker.
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Moj otac, vrlo inventivan, prostorni mislioc.
06:29
That's my brother Malcolm there on the right.
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To je moj brat Malcolm tamo na desno.
06:32
And my mother,
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I moja majka,
06:34
who taught me in fourth grade
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koja me učila u četvrtom razredu,
06:36
in segregated schools in Virginia,
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u segregacijskim školama Virdžinije,
06:38
who was my inspiration.
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koja je bila moja inspiracija.
06:41
And really, I feel as though,
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I stvarno, imam osječaj kao da,
06:43
when I see the film --
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kad gledam film --
06:45
I have a gesture she does, like this --
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Imam gestu koju ona radi, ovako --
06:48
I feel like I am a continuation of her gesture.
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imam osječaj kao da sam nastavak njene geste
06:52
I am one of her teaching gestures.
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Kao da sam ja jedna od njih gesta za učenje.
06:54
And the beautiful thing was,
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I prekrasna stvar je ta,
06:56
I got to teach my daughter in elementary school, Madeline.
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da sam ja mogao učiti moju kćer u osnovnoj školi, Madeline.
06:59
And so that gesture of my mother's
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tako da gesta moje majke
07:01
continues through many generations.
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ide kroz puno generacija.
07:03
It's an amazing feeling
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Čudesan je to osjećaj
07:05
to have that lineage.
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imati takvo nasljedstvo.
07:07
And so I'm here standing on the shoulders of many people.
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I tako stojim ovdje na ramenima mnogo ljudi.
07:09
I'm not here alone.
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Nisam ovdje sam.
07:11
There are many people on this stage right now.
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Puno je ljudi na ovoj pozornici ovog časa.
07:15
And so this World Peace Game I'd like to tell you about.
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Dakle ta Igra Svjetskog Mira o kojoj bih vam pričao.
07:19
It started out like this:
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Krenulo je otprilike ovako:
07:21
it's just a four-foot by five-foot plywood board
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to je 1,20m sa 1,50m ploča od iverice
07:24
in an inner-city urban school, 1978.
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u gradskoj školi, 1978.
07:27
I was creating a lesson for students on Africa.
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Kreirao sam predavanje učenicima o Africi.
07:29
We put all the problems of the world there,
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Stavili smo sve probleme svijeta na nju,
07:31
and I thought, let's let them solve it.
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i mislio sam si, idem ih pustiti da ih riješe.
07:33
I didn't want to lecture or have just book reading.
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Nisam htio samo predavanje ili čitanje knjige.
07:36
I wanted to have them be immersed
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Htio sam da se unesu,
07:38
and learn the feeling of learning through their bodies.
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i nauče se osječaju učenja kroz svoja tijela.
07:42
So I thought, well they like to play games.
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Tako sam si mislio, pa ionako vole igrat igre.
07:44
I'll make something -- I didn't say interactive;
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Napravit ću nešto --- nisam rekao interaktivno;
07:46
we didn't have that term in 1978 --
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nismo imali taj termin u 1978 --
07:48
but something interactive.
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ali nešto interaktivno.
07:50
And so we made the game,
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I tako smo napravili igru,
07:52
and it has since evolved
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koja je od onda evoluirala
07:54
to a four-foot by four-foot by four-foot
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u 1.20m x 1.20m x 1.20m
07:57
Plexiglass structure.
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pleksiglas strukturu.
08:00
And it has four Plexiglass layers.
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Ima 4 pleksiglas razine.
08:03
There's an outer space layer
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Imamo razinu svemira
08:05
with black holes and satellites
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sa crnim rupama i satelitima
08:07
and research satellites and asteroid mining.
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i razvojnim satelitima i rudarenjem asteroida.
08:09
There's an air and space level
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Imamo zračnu razinu
08:11
with clouds that are big puffs of cotton we push around
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sa oblacima koji su velike kugle pamuka koje guramo uokolo
08:13
and territorial air spaces and air forces,
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i zračni prostori sa zračnim snagama,
08:15
a ground and sea level with thousands of game pieces on it --
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imamo i zemljanu razinu i površne mora sa tisućama figura na njemu --
08:18
even an undersea level
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imamo i podvodnu razinu
08:20
with submarines and undersea mining.
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sa podmornicama i podvodnim rudarenjem.
08:22
There are four countries around the board.
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Na ploči su četri zemlje.
08:24
The kids make up the names of the countries -- some are rich; some are poor.
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Djeca odlučuju o imenima zemalja -- neke su bogate, neke su siromašne.
08:27
They have different assets, commercial and military.
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Imaju različite resurse, komercijalne i vojne.
08:30
And each country has a cabinet.
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I svaka država ima kabinet.
08:32
There's a Prime Minister, Secretary of State, Minister of Defense
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Imate Premijera, tajnika, ministra obrane
08:34
and a CFO, or Comptroller.
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i kontrolora računovodstva.
08:37
I choose the Prime Minister based on my relationship with them.
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Ja sam odabirao Premijera bazirano na mom odnosu s njima.
08:40
I offer them the job, they can turn it down,
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Ja im ponudim posao i oni ga mogu odbiti,
08:42
and then they choose their own cabinet.
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ako ga prihvate biraju svoj vlastiti kabinet.
08:44
There's a World Bank, arms dealers and a United Nations.
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Imamo i svijetsku banku, prodavače oružia i Ujedinjene Narode.
08:47
There's also a weather goddess
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Imamo i božicu vremena
08:49
who controls a random stock market and random weather.
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koja kontrolira nasumično kretanje tržišta i vremenske prilike.
08:52
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:54
That's not all.
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I to nije sve.
08:56
And then there's a 13-page crisis document
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Imamo i dokument od 13 stranica sa krizama
08:58
with 50 interlocking problems.
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sa 50 međusobno povezanih problema.
09:00
So that, if one thing changes, everything else changes.
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Tako da ako se jedna stvar promjeni, sve ostalo se mjenja.
09:03
I throw them into this complex matrix,
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Bacim ih u ovu kompliciranu matricu,
09:06
and they trust me because we have a deep, rich relationship together.
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i oni mi vjeruju jer imamo duboku, bogatu zajedničku vezu.
09:11
And so with all these crises,
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I onda sa svim tim krizama,
09:13
we have -- let's see -- ethnic and minority tensions;
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imamo -- da vidim -- etničke i manjinske tenzije;
09:16
we have chemical and nuclear spills,
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imao kemijske i nuklearne izljeve,
09:18
nuclear proliferation.
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širenje nuklearnog oružja.
09:20
There's oil spills, environmental disasters,
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Imamo izljeve nafte, ekološke katastrofe,
09:23
water rights disputes, breakaway republics,
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sporove oko prava na vodu, odbjegle republike,
09:26
famine, endangered species and global warming.
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suše, ugrožene vrste i globalno zatopljenje.
09:28
If Al Gore is here,
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Ako je Al Gore ovdje,
09:30
I'm going to send my fourth-graders from Agnor-Hurt and Venable schools to you
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poslat ću vam moje učenike 4. razreda iz Agnor-Hurt i Venable škola
09:33
because they solved global warming in a week.
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oni su riješili problem globalnog zatopljenja u tjedan dana.
09:36
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
09:38
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
09:41
And they've done it several times too.
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I to su napravili nekoliko puta.
09:44
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
09:46
So I also have in the game a saboteur --
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Isto imamo u igri i sabotera
09:49
some child -- it's basically a troublemaker --
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neko dijete -- u principu problematičan--
09:52
and I have my troublemaker put to use
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i ja svog problematičara iskoristim
09:55
because they, on the surface,
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jer oni na provršini
09:57
are trying to save the world and their position in the game.
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pokušavaju spasiti svijet i njihovu poziciju u igri.
09:59
But they're also trying to undermine everything in the game.
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Ali isto tako pokušavaju potkopati sve u igri.
10:03
And they do it secretly through misinformation
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I to rade kroz lažne informacije
10:05
and ambiguities and irrelevancies,
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i dvosmislenost i irelevantnosti,
10:07
trying to cause everyone to think more deeply.
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pokušavajući učiniti da svi misle dublje.
10:09
The saboteur is there,
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Dakle, imamo i sabotera,
10:11
and we also read from Sun Tzu's "The Art of War."
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isto tako čitamo iz Sun Tzuova "Umijeće ratovanja."
10:13
Fourth-graders understand it -- nine years old --
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Četvrtaši ga razumiju -- devetogodišnjaci --
10:16
and they handle that and use that
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i mogu to shvatiti i iskoristiti
10:18
to understand how to, not follow --
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da shvate kako mogu, ne pratiti --
10:20
at first they do --
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makar iz prve prate --
10:22
the paths to power and destruction,
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putove k moći i destrukciji,
10:24
the path to war.
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putove k ratu.
10:26
They learn to overlook short-sighted reactions
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Uče kako se ne obazirati na kratkoročne reakcije
10:28
and impulsive thinking,
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i na impulzivno razmišljanje,
10:30
to think in a long-term, more consequential way.
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da razmišljaju na dugoročni, više posljedični način.
10:34
Stewart Brand is here, and one of the ideas for this game came from him
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Stewart Brand je ovdje, i jedna od ideja za igru je došla od njega
10:37
with a CoEvolution Quarterly article
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sa člankom iz časopsia CoEvolution Quarterly
10:39
on a peace force.
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o mirovnim snagama.
10:41
And in the game, sometimes students actually form a peace force.
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I u igri, ponekada učenici stvarno osnuju mirovne snage.
10:44
I'm just a clock watcher.
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Ja samo pazim na sat.
10:47
I'm just a clarifier. I'm just a facilitator.
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Ja samo objašnjavam. Ja samo organiziram.
10:49
The students run the game.
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Učenici upravljaju igrom.
10:51
I have no chance to make any policy whatsoever
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Ja nemam nikakve šanse da utiječem na politiku
10:53
once they start playing.
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jednom kad počnu igrat.
10:55
So I'll just share with you ...
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Tako da ću samo s vama podijeliti...
10:58
(Video) Boy: The World Peace Game is serious.
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(Video) Dečko: Igra Svjetskog Mira je ozbiljna.
11:00
You're actually getting taught something like how to take care of the world.
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Ustvari se nešto naučiš o tome kako se brinuti o svijetu.
11:03
See, Mr. Hunter is doing that
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Gospodin Hunter radi to
11:05
because he says his time has messed up a lot,
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jer kaže da je njegovo vrijeme jako zbrkano,
11:07
and he's trying to tell us
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i želi nam reći
11:09
how to fix that problem.
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kako popraviti taj problem.
11:11
John Hunter: I offered them a --
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John Hunter: Ja sam im ponudio
11:13
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
11:16
Actually, I can't tell them anything because I don't know the answer.
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U stvari, ja im ne mogu ništa reći jer neznam odgovor.
11:19
And I admit the truth to them right up front: I don't know.
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I ja to priznam to pred njima odmah: Ja ne znam.
11:22
And because I don't know, they've got to dig up the answer.
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I zato jer ja neznam, oni moraju sami iskopati odgovor.
11:25
And so I apologize to them as well.
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Zato im se i ispričam odmah.
11:27
I say, "I'm so sorry, boys and girls,
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Kažem: "Žao mi je djeco,
11:30
but the truth is
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ali istina je
11:32
we have left this world to you in such a sad and terrible shape,
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da smo vam ostavili ovaj svijet u tako tužnom i očajnom stanju,
11:35
and we hope you can fix it for us,
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i nadam se da ga možete popraviti za nas,
11:37
and maybe this game will help you learn how to do it."
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i možda će vam ova igra pomoći da naućite kako."
11:39
It's a sincere apology,
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To je iskrena isprika,
11:41
and they take it very seriously.
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i oni je prihvate prilično ozbiljno.
11:43
Now you may be wondering what all this complexity looks like.
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Sada možda se pitate kako sva ta složenost izgleda.
11:46
Well when we have the game start, here's what you see.
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Pa kad igra krene ovo je ono što vidite.
11:49
(Video) JH: All right, we're going into negotiations as of now. Go.
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(Video)JH: U redu idemo u pregovore od sada. Krenite.
11:52
(Chatter)
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(Žamor)
12:00
JH: My question to you is, who's in charge of that classroom?
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JH: Moje pitanje vama je, tko upravlja tom učionicom?
12:04
It's a serious question: who is really in charge?
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To je ozbiljno pitanje: tko je stvarno vodi?
12:07
I've learned to cede control of the classroom
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naučio sam predati kontrolu nad učionicom
12:09
over to the students over time.
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učenicima s vremenom.
12:11
There's a trust and an understanding
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Postoji povjerenje i razumjevanje
12:13
and a dedication to an ideal
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i odanost jednom idealu
12:15
that I simply don't have to do
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da naprosto ne moram raditi
12:17
what I thought I had to do as a beginning teacher:
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ono što sam mislio da moram kad sam počinjao kao učitelj:
12:19
control every conversation and response in the classroom.
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kontrolirati svaki razgovor i odgovor u učionici.
12:22
It's impossible. Their collective wisdom
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To je nemoguče. Njihova kolektivna mudrost
12:24
is much greater than mine,
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je puno veća nego moja,
12:26
and I admit it to them openly.
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i ja im to otvoreno priznam.
12:29
So I'll just share with you some stories very quickly
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Tako da ću s vama podijeliti neke priče na brzaka
12:32
of some magical things that have happened.
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o nekim magičnim stvarima koje su se dogodile.ž
12:35
In this game we had a little girl,
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U jednoj partiji imali smo jednu malu djevojčicu,
12:38
and she was the Defense Minister of the poorest nation.
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i ona je bila ministar obrane u najsiromašnijoj zemlji.
12:41
And the Defense Minister -- she had the tank corps and Air Force and so forth.
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i kao ministar obrane imala je tenkove, zračne snage i tako dalje.
12:45
And she was next door to a very wealthy, oil-rich neighbor.
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I bila je susjeda jako bogatoj naftom susjedu.
12:48
Without provocation,
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Bez provokacije,
12:50
suddenly she attacked, against her Prime Minister's orders,
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odjednom je napala, protiv uputa njezinog premijera,
12:53
the next-door neighbor's oil fields.
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naftna polja od susjeda.
12:55
She marched into the oil field reserves,
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Umarširala je u naftna polja i rezerve,
12:57
surrounded it, without firing a shot,
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i okupirala ih bez ispaljenog hitca,
12:59
and secured it and held it.
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osigurala ih i držala.
13:01
And that neighbor was unable to conduct any military operations
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I susjed je bio onesposobljen od bilo kakvih vojnih akcija
13:03
because their fuel supply was locked up.
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jer su njihove rezerve goriva bile zaključane.
13:06
We were all upset with her, "Why are you doing this?
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Svi smo bili uzrujani s njom, "Zašto ovo činiš?
13:08
This is the World Peace Game. What is wrong with you?"
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Ovo je Igra Svjetskog Mira, što nije u redu s tobom?"
13:10
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
13:12
This was a little girl and, at nine years old,
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Ta mala djevojčica od devet godina,
13:14
she held her pieces and said, "I know what I'm doing."
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držala je svoje figure i rekla: "Ja znam što radim"
13:17
To her girlfriends she said that.
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To je rekla svojim prijateljicama.
13:20
That's a breach there.
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To je proboj tu.
13:22
And we learned in this, you don't really ever want to cross
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I naučili smo da nikad stvarno ne želiš razljutiti
13:24
a nine year-old girl with tanks.
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devetogodišnju djevojčicu sa tenkovima.
13:26
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
13:28
They are the toughest opponents.
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One su najteži oponenti.
13:31
And we were very upset.
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I bili smo jako uzrujani.
13:33
I thought I was failing as a teacher. Why would she do this?
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Mislio sam da ne uspjevam kao učitelj, Zašto to radi?
13:36
But come to find out, a few game days later --
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Da bi otkrili, nakon par igrinih dana
13:38
and there are turns where we take negotiation from a team --
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i postoje potezi gdje se pregovara sa timovima --
13:42
actually there's a negotiation period with all teams,
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ustvari termin kad se pregovara sa svim timovima,
13:45
and each team takes a turn,
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i svaki tim ima potez,
13:47
then we go back in negotiation, around and around,
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i onda idemo nazad u pregovore, i u krug tako,
13:49
so each turn around is one game day.
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I jedna krug po učionici je jedan dan u igri.
13:51
So a few game days later it came to light
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Dakle par dana u igri kasnije se otkrilo
13:54
that we found out this major country
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da je ta velika država
13:56
was planning a military offensive
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planirala vojnu ofenzivu
13:58
to dominate the entire world.
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da osvoji cijeli svijet.
14:01
Had they had their fuel supplies, they would have done it.
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Da su imali svoje zalihe goriva, uspijelo bi im.
14:03
She was able to see the vectors and trend lines and intentions
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Bila je sposobna vidjeti vektore i njihove namjere
14:06
long before any of us
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puno prije itko od nas
14:08
and understand what was going to happen
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i shvatila što će se dogoditi
14:10
and made a philosophical decision
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i donjela filozofsku odluku
14:12
to attack in a peace game.
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da napadne u igri mira.
14:15
Now she used a small war to avert a larger war,
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Ona je upotrijebila mali rat da se izbjegne veći,
14:18
so we stopped and had a very good philosophical discussion
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pa smo prestali sa igrom i imali jako dobru filozofsku raspravu
14:20
about whether that was right,
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o tome da li je to bilo u redu,
14:22
conditional good, or not right.
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uvjetovano dobro ili loše.
14:25
That's the kind of thinking that we put them in, the situations.
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To je način razmišljanja koji stavljamo u njih, te situacije.
14:28
I could not have designed that in teaching it.
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To ne bih mogao dizajnirati u učenje.
14:30
It came about spontaneously through their collective wisdom.
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Došlo je spontano putem njigove grupne mudrosti.
14:33
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
14:39
Another example, a beautiful thing happened.
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Još jedan primjer, prekrasna stvar se dogodila.
14:41
We have a letter in the game.
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Imamo pismo u igri.
14:43
If you're a military commander and you wage troops --
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Ako ste vojni zapovjednik i zapovjedate trupama --
14:45
the little plastic toys on the board -- and you lose them,
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male plastične igračke na ploči -- i izgubite ih,
14:48
I put in a letter.
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umetnuo sam pismo u igru.
14:50
You have to write a letter to their parents --
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Morate napisati pismo njihovim roditeljima --
14:53
the fictional parents of your fictional troops --
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fikcijskim roditeljima fikcijskih trupa --
14:55
explaining what happened and offering your condolences.
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objašnjavajuči što se dogodilo i nudeći svoje suosjećanje.
14:58
So you have a little bit more thought
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Tako da malo više razmislite
15:00
before you commit to combat.
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prije nego se odlučite za borbu.
15:03
And so we had this situation come up --
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Imali smo jednu situaciju --
15:05
last summer actually,
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prošlo ljeto ustvari,
15:07
at Agnor-Hurt School in Albemarle County --
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u Agnor-Hurt školi u Albemarle okrugu --
15:10
and one of our military commanders got up to read that letter
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i jedan od naših vojnih vođa je ustao da pročita pismo
15:13
and one of the other kids said, "Mr. Hunter,
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i jedno od djece je reklo, "Gospodine Hunter
15:15
let's ask -- there's a parent over there."
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idemo pitati -- bio je roditelj tamo."
15:17
There was a parent visiting that day, just sitting in the back of the room.
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Bio je roditelj tamo u posjetu taj dan, samo sjedio u pozadini učionice.
15:19
"Let's ask that mom to read the letter.
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"Idemo pitati onu mamu da pročita pismo.
15:21
It'll be more realer if she reads it."
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bit će stvarnije ako ona pročita."
15:23
So we did, we asked her, and she gamely picked up the letter.
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I tako smo ju zamolili, i ona je igrivo uzela pismo.
15:26
"Sure." She started reading. She read one sentence.
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"Naravno" Počela je čitati. pročitala je jednu rečenicu.
15:29
She read two sentences.
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Počitala je dvije rečenice.
15:32
By the third sentence, she was in tears.
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Kod treće rečenice bila je u suzama.
15:35
I was in tears.
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Ja sam plakao.
15:38
Everybody understood
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Svi su razumjeli.
15:40
that when we lose somebody, the winners are not gloating.
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da kada nekoga izgubiš, pobjednici ne slave.
15:43
We all lose.
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Svi mi gubimo.
15:46
And it was an amazing occurrence and an amazing understanding.
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I to je bio nevjerojatan događaj i nevjerojatno razumjevanje.
15:48
I'll show you what my friend David says about this.
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Pokazat ću vam što moj prijatelj David kaže o tome.
15:50
He's been in many battles.
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Bio je u mnogo bitki.
15:52
(Video) David: We've really had enough of people attacking.
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(Video) David: Stvarno smo imali dosta od ljudi koji napadaju.
15:54
I mean, we've been lucky [most of] the time.
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Mislim bili smo sretni većinu vremena.
15:58
But now I'm feeling really weird
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Ali sada se osjećam stvarno čudno
16:00
because I'm living what Sun Tzu said one week.
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jer živim ono što je Sun Tzu rekao jedan tjedan.
16:04
One week he said,
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Jedan tjedan je rekao,
16:06
"Those who go into battle and win
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"Oni koji odu u bitku i pobjede
16:08
will want to go back,
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će htjeti ići nazad,
16:10
and those who lose in battle
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a oni koji izgube bitku
16:12
will want to go back and win."
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će htjeti ići nazad i pobjediti."
16:15
And so I've been winning battles,
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I tako mi smo pobjeđivali u bitkama,
16:17
so I'm going into battles, more battles.
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i idem u još bitki i još bitki
16:20
And I think it's sort of weird to be living
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i mislim si kako je čudno da živim
16:22
what Sun Tzu said.
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ono što je Sun Tzu rekao.
16:26
JH: I get chills every time I see that.
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JH: Naježim se svaki put kad vidim to.
16:29
That's the kind of engagement you want to have happen.
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To je ona vrsta umješanosti koju želite da se ostvari.
16:32
And I can't design that, I can't plan that,
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I ja nemogu namjesititi to, nemogu to isplanirati,
16:35
and I can't even test that.
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ne mogu čak ni testirati to.
16:37
But it's self-evident assessment.
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Ali je to očita procjena.
16:39
We know that's an authentic assessment of learning.
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Znamo da je to autentična procijena o učenju.
16:44
We have a lot of data, but I think sometimes we go beyond data
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Imamo mnogo podataka, ali mislim da ponekad idemo van granica podataka
16:47
with the real truth of what's going on.
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sa pravom istinom što se događa.
16:50
So I'll just share a third story.
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Podjelit ću i treću priču.
16:53
This is about my friend Brennan.
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O mom prijatelju Brennanu.
16:56
We had played the game one session after school
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Igrali smo igru jedne godine poslje škole
16:59
for many weeks, about seven weeks,
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nekoliko tjedana, otprilike sedam
17:02
and we had essentially solved all 50 of the interlocking crises.
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i mi smo u principu rješili svih 50 povezanih kriza.
17:05
The way the game is won is all 50 problems have to be solved
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Igru pobjedite ako svih 50 problema riješite
17:08
and every country's asset value
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i bogatstvo svake zemlje
17:10
has to be increased above its starting point.
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mora biti povećano iznad njezine početne vrijednosti.
17:12
Some are poor, some are wealthy. There are billions.
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Neki su siromašni neki su bogati. Postoje milijarde.
17:15
The World Bank president was a third-grader one time.
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Predsjednik svijetske banke je bio trećaš jednom.
17:17
He says, "How many zeros in a trillion? I've got to calculate that right away."
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Pitao je, "Koliko je nula u triljunu? Moram to izračunati odmah sada."
17:20
But he was setting fiscal policy in that game
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Ali on je određivao fiskalnu politiku u igri
17:22
for high school players who were playing with him.
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za učenike srednje škole koji su igrali s njim.
17:25
So the team that was the poorest
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Tako je ekipa koja je bila najsiromašnija
17:28
had gotten even poorer.
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postala još siromašnijom.
17:30
There was no way they could win.
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Nije bilo šanse da pobjede.
17:32
And we were approaching four o'clock, our cut-off time --
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I približavali smo se 16 sati, naše vrijeme prestanka --
17:34
there was about a minute left --
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ostala je oko minuta --
17:36
and despair just settled over the room.
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i očaj je bio po sobi.
17:38
I thought, I'm failing as a teacher.
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Mislio sam, ne uspijevam kao učitelj.
17:40
I should have gotten it so they could have won.
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Trebao sam posložiti tako da mogu pobijediti.
17:43
They shouldn't be failing like this.
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Ne bi smjeli gubiti ovako.
17:46
I've failed them.
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Iznevjerio sam ih.
17:49
And I was just feeling so sad and dejected.
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I osjećao sam se tako tužnim i odbačenim.
17:51
And suddenly, Brennan walked over to my chair
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Kada je odjednom, Brennan došao do mene
17:53
and he grabbed the bell, the bell I ring
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uzeo je zvono, i zazvonio
17:55
to signal a change or a reconvening of cabinets,
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da da signal promjene ili ponovnog sastanka kabineta,
17:57
and he ran back to his seat, rang the bell.
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i dok je trčao do svog mjesta, zvonio je zvono.
17:59
Everybody ran to his chair: there was screaming;
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Svi su potrčali do njega, bilo je vrištanja;
18:01
there was yelling, waving of their dossiers.
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bilo je urlikanja, mahanja dosjeima.
18:03
They get these dossiers full of secret documents.
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Imali su dosjee pune tajnih dokumenata.
18:05
They were gesticulating; they were running around.
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Gestikulirali su; trčali uokolo.
18:07
I didn't know what they were doing. I'd lost control of my classroom.
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Nisam znao što rade, izgubio sam kontrolu na učionicom.
18:11
Principal walks in, I'm out of a job.
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Ravnatelj da je ušetao izgubio bih posao.
18:14
The parents were looking in the window.
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Roditelji su gledali kroz prozor.
18:16
And Brennan runs back to his seat. Everybody runs back to their seat.
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I Brennan otrči nazad na svoje mjesto. Svi otrče na svoja mjesta.
18:19
He rings the bell again. He says, "We have" --
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Zazvoni zvono i kaže, "Mi smo"--
18:21
and there's 12 seconds left on the clock --
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ostalo je bilo 12 sekundi na satu--
18:23
"we have, all nations, pooled all our funds together.
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"mi smo, sve nacije, skupili svoje resurse zajedno.
18:26
And we've got 600 billion dollars.
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I imamo 600 milijardi dolara.
18:28
We're going to offer it as a donation to this poor country.
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I ponudit ćemo to kao donaciju ovoj siromašnoj zemlji.
18:30
And if they accept it, it'll raise their asset value and we can win the game.
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Ako prihvate, podići će vrijednost njihovog vlasništa i pobjedit ćemo igru.
18:33
Will you accept it?"
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Hoćete li prihvatiti?"
18:35
And there are three seconds left on the clock.
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Bilo je još 3 sekunde na satu.
18:37
Everybody looks at this prime minister of that country,
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Svi gledaju premijera te zemlje.
18:40
and he says, "Yes."
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I on kaže : "Da"
18:42
And the game is won.
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I igra je pobjeđena.
18:45
Spontaneous compassion
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Spontano suosjećanje
18:48
that could not be planned for,
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koje nije moglo biti planirano,
18:50
that was unexpected and unpredictable.
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bilo je neočekivano i nepredvidivo.
18:53
Every game we play is different.
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Svaku igra koju igramo je drugačija.
18:55
Some games are more about social issues,
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Neke igre su više o socijalnim problemima,
18:57
some are more about economic issues.
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neke o ekonomskim problemima.
18:59
Some games are more about warfare.
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Neke su o ratovanju.
19:01
But I don't try to deny them that reality of being human.
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Ali im ne pokušavam zabraniti realnost toga da su ljudi.
19:04
I allow them to go there
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Dajem im da idu u ta područja
19:06
and, through their own experience, learn, in a bloodless way,
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i putem vlastitog iskustva nauče, bez prolivene krvi,
19:10
how not to do what they consider to be the wrong thing.
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kako da ne učine ono što smatraju krivom stvari.
19:13
And they find out what is right
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I oni otkriju što je u redu,
19:15
their own way, their own selves.
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na njihov vlasiti način za sebe.
19:18
And so in this game,
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I tako ova igra,
19:20
I've learned so much from it,
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naučio sam tako puno od nje,
19:22
but I would say
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ali bih rekao
19:24
that if only
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da ako samo
19:27
they could pick up a critical thinking tool
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mogu od nje uzeti onaj kritični način razmišljanja
19:29
or creative thinking tool
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ili kreativni način razmišljanja
19:31
from this game
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iz ove igre
19:33
and leverage something good for the world,
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i napraviti nešto dobro za svijet,
19:37
they may save us all.
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mogli bi nas sve spasiti.
19:40
If only.
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Ako samo.
19:43
And on behalf of all of my teachers
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I u ime svih mojih učitelja
19:45
on whose shoulders I'm standing,
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na čijm ramenima stojim,
19:47
thank you. Thank you. Thank you.
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hvala vam, Hvala vam. Hvala vam.
19:50
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
John Hunter - EducatorTeacher and musician John Hunter is the inventor of the World Peace Game (and the star of the documentary "World Peace and Other 4th-Grade Achievements").
Why you should listen
Musician, teacher, filmmaker and game designer, John Hunter has dedicated his life to helping children realize their full potential. His own life story is one of a never-ending quest for harmony. As a student, he studied comparative religions and philosophy while traveling through Japan, China and India. In India, inspired by Ghandi's philosophy, he began to think about the role of the schoolteacher in creating a more peaceful world.
As his online biography says: "Accepting the reality of violence, he would seek to incorporate ways to explore harmony in various situations. This exploration would take form in the framework of a game – something that students would enjoy. Within the game data space, they would be challenged, while enhancing collaborative and communication skills."
In 1978, at the Richmond Community High School, Hunter led the first sessions of his World Peace Game, a hands-on political simulation. The game has now been played around the world, on a four-tiered board. It's the subject of the new film World Peace and Other 4th-Grade Achievements.
Read John Hunter's note to the community following the publication of his TEDTalk >>
John Hunter | Speaker | TED.com