Andrés Ruzo: The boiling river of the Amazon
안드레 루조(Andrés Ruzo): 아마존의 끓어오르는 강
Andrés Ruzo investigates the Earth's heat and the mystery of a boiling river in the Peruvian rainforest. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
스페인의 페루 정복에 대한
had been captured and killed.
포로로 잡혀 살해당했고
had grown rich,
부를 얻게 되었죠.
and glory had reached Spain
스페인 사람들에게
hungry for gold and glory.
새로운 시대를 불러왔습니다.
잉카민족들에게 물었죠,
we can conquer? Where's more gold?"
문명이 어딨지? 더 많은 금은 어딨어?"
그들에게 말했죠,
모두 찾을 수 있을 거예요.
El Dorado in Spanish --
스페인어로는 '엘 도라도'라고 불리죠.
come back with stories,
snakes that swallowed men whole
사람을 통째로 삼키는 뱀들,
이야기들을 전해주었죠.
박사과정을 밟고 있습니다.
Peru's geothermal energy potential,
물어봤지만
do exist in the world,
associated with volcanoes.
geothermal manifestation.
볼 수 있기 때문이죠.
here, which are volcanoes,
다 화산들인데 보시다시피
to see a boiling river.
예상할 수 없는거죠.
at a family dinner,
I've swum in that river."
그 강에서 수영한 적도 있는데?"
after a very heavy rain,
수영을 할 수 있어.
강을 지키고 있지.
네 이모랑 친한 사이란다."
my scientific skepticism,
guided by my aunt,
from the nearest volcanic center,
mentally preparing myself
"warm stream of the Amazon."
계속해서 밀려오는 것 같은 소리였어요.
constantly crashing,
연기같은 수증기가 나무 사이로 보였죠.
coming up through the trees.
조금 차이가 나지만
the 100-degree C boiling
actually, the shaman's apprentice
강의 위 쪽으로 올라가보니
거대한 뱀의 영혼이라고 여겨지는
a giant serpent spirit
낳는다고 하죠.
underneath her protective motherly jaws
and had a pleasant taste,
맛이 좋았어요.
for geothermal systems.
이 곳에 대해 알고 있었어요.
known about this place,
외부인도 아니었고요.
the first outsider to see it.
그냥 일상생활의 하나였던 거예요.
of the river and his jungle.
to be honest with you --
and he just laughed.
그냥 웃음을 터뜨리셨어요.
연구할 수 있는 허락을 주며
to study the river,
the water samples
back into the ground
찾아올 수 있다고요.
매 년 다시 찾아갔고
since that first visit in 2011,
이야기가 실린적도 있어요.
in National Geographic Magazine.
about the size of a sheet of paper
looked like this, close to boiling.
옴짝달싹도 못하고 있던 적이 있어요.
it was Amazon rain forest.
아마존 열대 우림이었죠.
앞을 볼 수도 없었어요.
made it all white. It was a whiteout.
모두 하얗게만 보였죠.
and geochemical studies for publication.
연구 자료를 출판하려고 해요.
with all of you here, on the TED stage,
참가하신 여러분들께
조금 보여드리려고 합니다.
some of these discoveries.
low-resolution to be meaningful.
너무 안 좋아서 잘 볼 수 없었고
of the Google Earth team,
of the river, Shanay-timpishka,
원래 강의 이름인 샤나이-팀피쉬카는
저 뿐만이 아니라는 말이기도 하고,
to wonder why the river boils,
has always sought to explain
to get that footage.
3년이나 걸렸어요.
뜨거운 피가 흐르듯이,
through our veins and arteries,
running through its cracks and faults.
뜨거운 물이 흘러요.
these earth arteries,
이 경우에는 끓는 강이죠.
and in our case, the boiling river.
is the scale of this place.
이런 생각을 해보세요.
think about this.
더 큰 온천들도 있고,
larger than this TED stage,
뜨거운 물이죠.
along the river,
demanding part of the fieldwork.
in me coming out.
heats up, cools back down,
뜨거워졌다가, 다시 식은 다음,
this beautiful decay curve
이 아름다운 감소 곡선을 그리고
are geothermal scientists,
that there's a bit point there
than even the extra-hot coffee.
강물이 더 뜨거운게 보이죠.
the purest geothermal temperatures.
일부러 건기에 온도를 쟀거든요.
that's not being shown,
특별한 숫자가 있어요.
personal experience.
you don't want to get in that water.
강물로 들어가면 안돼요.
물 속으로 빠지는걸 봤는데
is the process is pretty much the same.
항상 일어나는 과정은 똑같아요.
바로 눈이에요.
to go are the eyes.
They turn this milky-white color.
우유같이 흰 색으로 변해요.
but their meat is cooking on the bone
물이 너무 뜨거워서
where hot water goes into their mouths
are these temperatures.
이 온도가 정말 놀라워요.
on volcanoes all over the world
화산들과도 비슷하거든요.
슈퍼화산과도 비슷해요.
that the boiling river exists
or volcanic in origin,
화산활동 때문에도 아니고,
from the nearest volcanic center.
화산은 700킬로미터나 떨어져있어요.
어떻게 해서 존재하는걸까요?
화산학자들에게 수년간 물어왔지만,
and volcanologists for years,
non-volcanic geothermal system
이 정도의 규모를 가진
문제를 통제하려면
and better understand the system,
of a large hydrothermal system.
결과물인 것 같아요.
into the earth, the hotter it gets.
더 뜨거워지죠.
as the geothermal gradient.
from as far away as glaciers in the Andes,
멀리 있는 곳에서 온 물이어도
다시 올라온 후,
from the geothermal gradient,
물이 뜨거워지는거죠.
that in and around the river --
스펜서 웰스 박사님과
Dr. Spencer Wells,
the extremophile lifeforms
유전자를 연구해보니
and have found new lifeforms,
발견할 수 있었어요.
in the boiling river.
새로운 생물이죠.
발견, 전설이 있어도
all of these discoveries and the legends,
of the boiling river?
of this stationary cloud
over this patch of jungle?
it's a sacred site.
신성한 곳이죠.
and cattle farmers,
또 하나의 자원일 뿐이죠.
it's just another stretch
비보호 지역이고요.
that whoever controls this land
그 누가 이 땅을 지배하던,
uniqueness and significance.
반드시 이해시키는 것입니다.
그럴 수 있는 힘이 있잖아요.
기준을 긋는 이들은
measured and studied,
어둠 속에서만 만들어지는게 아니라
are not just made
백색 잡음 속에서 만들어진다는 걸
of overwhelming data.
살고 있어요.
노래를 부르고,
to the spirits of the jungle,
세상에서 살고 있으니까요.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Andrés Ruzo - GeoscientistAndrés Ruzo investigates the Earth's heat and the mystery of a boiling river in the Peruvian rainforest.
Why you should listen
Andrés Ruzo is a tri-citizen who grew up among Nicaragua, Peru and Texas -- which helped him see that most of the world's problems are not confined by geographic or cultural borders. While trying to imagine solutions, he realized the way we produce and use energy lies at the root of many of our biggest issues. Combined with his memories of summers on his family's farm on Nicaragua's Casita volcano, playing in the fumarole fields, this prompted him to pursue a PhD in geophysics at SMU, focusing on geothermal studies. He is also a National Geographic Young Explorer.
Investigating a childhood legend led him to the Shanay-timpishka, the "Boiling River" of the Amazon, and a sacred site to the indigenous tribes, where the water can reach over 95 °C (203 °F). The greatest mystery of this place: How can a "boiling river" exist 700 km (435 miles) from the nearest volcanic center?
Ruzo is the author of the TED Book, The Boiling River: Adventure and Discovery in the Amazon.
Andrés Ruzo | Speaker | TED.com