Anil Seth: Your brain hallucinates your conscious reality
Anil Seth: Jak mózg ludzki tworzy halucynacje świadomej rzeczywistości
How can the "inner universe" of consciousness be explained in terms of mere biology and physics? Anil Seth explores the brain basis of consciousness and self. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
I ceased to exist.
and my brain was filling with anesthetic.
pod wpływem narkozy,
of detachment and falling apart
drowsy and disoriented,
or anxious about oversleeping,
albo lęk przed zaspaniem,
of time having passed,
świadomość upływającego czasu,
anesthesia is very different.
jest kompletnie inne.
for five minutes, five hours,
it's a modern kind of magic.
mysteries in science and philosophy.
zagadek nauki i filozofii.
tak na prawdę działa?
of many billions of neurons,
right here and right now.
for each of us is all there is.
mental illness or pain.
joy and suffering,
radość i cierpienie,
maybe not too far away,
a sense of its own existence.
for a conscious AI are pretty remote.
inteligencji jest naprawdę możliwa.
my research is telling me
with pure intelligence
do czynienia z inteligencją
as living and breathing organisms.
żyjących i oddychających istot.
are very different things.
to dwie różne rzeczy.
but you probably do have to be alive.
ale pewnie trzeba żyć.
of the world around us,
and because of our living bodies.
that we know nothing
nic nie wiadomo o tym,
give rise to consciousness.
the reach of science altogether.
że to przerasta możliwości nauki.
of scientific work in this area.
nauka raptownie się rozwinęła.
at the University of Sussex,
na Uniwersytecie w Sussex
from all different disciplines
naukowców z różnych dziedzin,
how consciousness happens
come to think about life.
the property of being alive
by physics and chemistry --
przez fizykę i chemię,
more than just mechanism.
więcej niż mechanizmem.
of living systems
reproduction, homeostasis --
rozmnażanie czy homeostaza.
started to fade away,
zaczęła się rozwiewać
any more magical solutions,
inside brains and bodies,
of what consciousness is
of consciousness try to explain?
nauka o świadomości?
of consciousness in two different ways.
of the world around us,
3D, fully immersive inner movie.
trójwymiarowy wewnętrzny film.
of being you or being me.
bycia mną lub tobą.
we all cling to most tightly.
której najmocniej się trzymamy.
of the world around us,
of the brain as a prediction engine.
to maszyna do przepowiedni.
what's out there in the world.
co jest na zewnątrz.
There's no sound either.
is streams of electrical impulses
to things in the world,
zrozumienia zewnętrznego świata,
figuring out what's there --
these sensory signals
about the way the world is
i przekonań co do wyglądu świata,
of what caused those signals.
przyczyny tych sygnałów.
i nie słyszy dźwięków.
of what's out there in the world.
co do tego, co się wokół znajduje.
of examples of all this.
about it in a new way.
very different shades of gray, right?
odcienie szarego, prawda?
exactly the same shade.
of the image here
with a gray-colored bar,
and join them up.
there's no difference at all.
nie ma żadnej różnicy.
and it looks different.
znowu wygląda inaczej.
is using its prior expectations
of the visual cortex
the appearance of a surface,
than it really is.
niż w rzeczywistości.
the brain can use new predictions
może użyć nowych oczekiwań
and see if you can get anything.
może teraz coś się da zrozumieć
is a really terrible idea.
Brexit to okropny pomysł.
I'm just going to replay it.
jeszcze raz. Puszczę ponownie.
information coming into the brain
informacja płynąca do mózgu
is your brain's best guess
what you consciously hear.
basis of perception
naszego postrzegania,
on signals coming into the brain
które polega głównie na sygnałach
może nawet bardziej
flowing in the opposite direction.
do biernego postrzegania świata,
perceive the world,
pochodzi w równym albo i większym stopniu
comes as much, if not more,
one more example of perception
virtual reality with image processing
z przetwarzaniem obrazów,
of overly strong perceptual predictions
nadmiernych bodźców
we've transformed the world --
wideo zmieniliśmy świat.
an algorithm based on Google's Deep Dream
algorytmu opartego na Google Deep Dream,
of overly strong perceptual predictions.
wyolbrzymionego odbierania bodźców.
this is a very strange thing.
predictions are too strong,
like the kinds of hallucinations
of uncontrolled perception,
niekontrolowanych odczuć,
is also a kind of hallucination,
are being reigned in
z zewnętrznego świata.
hallucinating all the time,
cały czas halucynujemy,
about our hallucinations,
z tymi halucynacjami,
that your experience of being a self,
generated by the brain.
stworzoną przez mózg.
might deceive my eyes,
about what it means to be me?
uczucie bycia sobą?
and so continuous
not to take it for granted.
nie brać go za pewnik.
we experience being a self.
odczuwania siebie.
of perceiving the world
of intending to do things
that happen in the world.
and distinctive person over time,
of memories and social interactions.
i społecznych interakcji.
and neurologists know very well,
in which we experience being a self
the basic background experience
fragile construction of the brain.
delikatny twór mózgu.
which just like all others,
the experience of being a body
part of its body.
in neuroscience to illustrate this.
który to pokazuje.
neurologicznych eksperymentów,
is placed in front of them.
stroked with a paintbrush
is in fact part of their body.
between seeing touch and feeling touch
jako dotyk na przedmiot,
and is roughly where a hand should be,
to make its best guess
żeby założyć
is in fact part of the body.
naszego ciała.
all kinds of clever things.
and startle responses,
reakcji na zaskoczenie.
has assimilated the fake hand.
wyczuł dotyk na sztucznej ręce.
of what our body is
hallucination by the brain.
as objects in the world from the outside,
zewnętrzny świat,
of being a body from the inside.
z wnętrza naszego ciała,
coming from the inside of the body
about the state of the internal organs,
what the blood pressure is like,
which we call interoception,
które nazywamy interocepcją
of the internal state of the body --
of the rubber hand illusion.
a virtual reality version of their hand,
rękę w wirtualnej rzeczywistości.
with their heartbeat.
in time with their heartbeat,
czasie co bicie serca,
that it's in fact part of their body.
silniejsze zmysły w tej części ciała.
are deeply grounded
I want to draw your attention to,
from the inside are very different
the world seems full of objects --
świat wydaje się pełen przedmiotów:
as an object from the outside.
of the body from within,
moja śledziona,
wnętrzności jako obiekty.
much at all unless they go wrong.
chyba że coś jest nie tak.
state of the body
co jest w środku,
within the tight bounds
w bardzo wąskich granicach,
to figure out what's there,
as the causes of sensations.
to control and regulate things,
aby kontrolować i regulować ciało,
or how badly that control is going.
albo źle ta regulacja się udaje.
of being a self,
jak uczucie bycia sobą
mechanisms that keep us alive.
biologicznych mechanizmach,
all the way through,
that all of our conscious experiences,
na tym samych przypuszczeniach.
mechanisms of predictive perception,
utrzymanie nas przy życiu.
drive to stay alive.
our living bodies.
krok po kroku.
of what's out there.
co nasz mózg przypuszcza.
comes from the inside out,
that this applies to our experiences
że ma to zastosowanie
a co nie jest częścią ciała.
depend critically on sensory signals
od sensorycznych sygnałów
z naszego głębokiego wnętrza.
are more about control and regulation
wokół kontroli i regulacji
around us and ourselves within it --
of controlled hallucinations
over millions of years of evolution
full of danger and opportunity.
pełnym niebezpieczeństw.
implications of all this.
z tymi trzema zagadnieniami.
błędnie rozumieć świat,
misperceive the world,
odczuwać samych siebie.
of prediction go wrong.
jest uszkodzony,
opportunities in psychiatry and neurology,
możliwości dla psychiatrii i neurologii.
get at the mechanisms
depression and schizophrenia.
cannot be reduced to or uploaded to
nie może być zmniejszone
składającymi się z krwi i kości,
are shaped at all levels
kształtowane z wielu frontów,
that keep us alive.
trzymające nas przy życiu.
is not going to make them sentient.
nie pozwoli im odczuwać.
way of being conscious.
of possible consciousnesses.
prawdziwej możliwej świadomości.
are unique to each of us,
dla każdego z osobna,
in biological mechanisms
na biologicznych mechanizmach,
innymi żyjącymi istotami.
Od Kopernika:
from Copernicus --
ze wszystkimi stworzeniami",
and not apart from the rest of nature.
a nie odłamem reszty natury.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Anil Seth - Cognitive neuroscientistHow can the "inner universe" of consciousness be explained in terms of mere biology and physics? Anil Seth explores the brain basis of consciousness and self.
Why you should listen
In his groundbreaking research, Anil Seth seeks to understand consciousness in health and in disease. As founding co-director of the University of Sussex’s Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, his research bridges neuroscience, mathematics, artificial intelligence, computer science, psychology, philosophy and psychiatry. He has also worked extensively with playwrights, dancers and other artists to shape a truly humanistic view of consciousness and self.
Seth is the editor and co-author of the best-selling 30-Second Brain, a collection of brief and engaging neuroscience vignettes. His forthcoming book The Presence Chamber develops his unique theories of conscious selfhood within the rich historical context of the mind and brain sciences.
Follow Seth on Twitter at @anilkseth, and visit his website at anilseth.com and neurobanter.com. The Sackler Centre, at the University of Sussex, is at sussex.ac.uk/sackler. Seth's work is supported by the Dr. Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation.
Anil Seth | Speaker | TED.com