ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Christian Rodríguez - Documentary photographer
TED Fellow Christian Rodríguez explores themes related to gender and identity, working with communities all over the world.

Why you should listen

Christian Rodríguez is developing two main long-term projects: "Teen Mom," about teenage pregnancy in Latin America; and a personal project on magical realism, the Latin American literary trend. His work has been exhibited in festivals all over the world, such as GetxoPhoto, PhotoEspaña, Paraty Em Foco, Photo Phnom Penh Festival, Photobook Bristol, Photoville and the "Bienal de Fotografía" of the "Centro de la Imagen" (Mexico), and it has been published internationally, including National Geographic, the New York Times, The Guardian, The New Yorker, The Washington Post, El Mundo and others.

In addition to his work as a photographer, Rodríguez is creator and director of SAN JOSE FOTO International festival in Uruguay. He has been awarded the Roberto Villagraz Scholarship of EFTI (Spain), Nuevo Talento Fnac (Spain), Ojo de Pez Human Rights First Prize (Spain) and Getty Instagram Grant 2016 among others. Rodríguez gives workshops and lectures in Latin America and Europe, and he is a member of Prime Collective. He became a TED Fellow in 2017.

More profile about the speaker
Christian Rodríguez | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2017

Christian Rodríguez: What teen pregnancy looks like in Latin America

Christian Rodríguez: Como é a gravidez na adolescência na América Latina

Filmed:
1,222,731 views

Christian Rodríguez é fotógrafo e cineasta. E filho de mãe adolescente. Nos últimos cinco anos, ele tem documentado a gravidez na adolescência na América Latina, criando retratos intimistas e dignos de mães a partir dos 12 anos. Nessa palestra visual e comovente, ele compartilha seu trabalho e explora como a maternidade precoce prende as meninas em um ciclo de pobreza e exploração.
- Documentary photographer
TED Fellow Christian Rodríguez explores themes related to gender and identity, working with communities all over the world. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
For the last five years,
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Pelos últimos cinco anos,
00:14
I have documented the lives
of teenage mothers in Latin America.
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eu tenho documentado a vida
de mães adolescentes na América Latina.
00:19
I started with a series of photographs
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Comecei com uma série de fotografias
00:22
about the moment of birth
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sobre o momento do nascimento
00:24
in my country, Uruguay.
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em meu país, o Uruguai.
00:29
(Video) (Screaming)
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(Video) (Gritos)
00:33
(Grunting)
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(Grunhidos)
00:37
(Newborn crying)
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(Choro de recém-nascido)
00:50
I am the son of a teenage mother
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Sou filho de uma mãe adolescente
00:53
and my sister became
a teenage mother when she was 16.
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e minha irmã se tornou
mãe adolescente aos 16 anos.
00:57
I began exploring the theme
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Comecei a explorar o tema
00:59
to better understand
myself and my origins.
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para entender melhor
a mim mesmo e minha origens.
Nos países em desenvolvimento,
01:04
In developing countries,
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01:06
7.3 million girls under the age of 18
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7.3 milhões de meninas
com menos de 18 anos
01:10
give birth each year.
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dão à luz todos os anos.
01:13
Projections suggest
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As projeções indicam
01:14
that the teen pregnancy rate
in Latin America
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que a taxa de gravidez
em adolescentes na América Latina
01:17
will be the highest in the world
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será a mais alta do mundo
01:19
for the next 80 years.
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pelos próximos 80 anos.
01:21
In Mexico, almost one in two
sexually active adolescents
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No México, quase uma em cada duas
adolescentes sexualmente ativas
01:26
get pregnant between the ages
of 12 to 19 years old.
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engravidam entre os 12 e 19 anos.
01:31
Teenage pregnancy
is not just about young pregnancies.
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A gravidez na adolescência
não tem a ver só com gravidez precoce.
01:35
It is about gender violence,
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Ela tem a ver com violência de gênero,
01:37
physical, symbolic, psychological
and economic violence.
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violência física, simbólica,
psicológica e econômica.
01:43
Girls who become pregnant
before they are 18
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As meninas que engravidam
antes dos 18 anos
01:46
rarely achieve an adequate
standard of living.
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raramente atingem
um padrão de vida adequado.
01:50
The pattern of poverty
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O padrão de pobreza
01:51
and limited access
to education and health care
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e acesso limitado à educação e saúde
01:54
are a common thread
among teen pregnancies.
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são uma característica comum
entre as adolescentes grávidas.
01:57
If a girl in Latin America
gets pregnant before she is 16,
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Na América latina, se uma garota
com menos de 16 anos engravida,
02:02
the risk of maternal death
increases fourfold
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o risco de morte materna quadruplica
02:05
over a woman in their 20s.
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se comparado ao de uma mulher
por volta dos 20 anos.
02:09
And somehow, in spite of all this,
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E de alguma forma, apesar disso,
02:12
motherhood also imparts a status
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a maternidade traz status
02:15
and a respect to the adolescent
in her community.
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e repeito à adolescente
em sua comunidade.
02:20
Her child becomes her life project.
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Seu filho se torna seu projeto de vida.
02:25
A high percentage of girls
under the age of 18 are single mothers,
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Um alto percentual de meninas
com menos de 18 anos são mães solteiras,
02:29
as was my mother.
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como era minha mãe.
02:31
When I was learning to be a parent,
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Quando eu estava aprendendo a ser pai,
02:33
I began to focus on the relationship
between father and child,
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comecei a focar a relação
entre pai e filho ou filha,
02:38
a subject rarely given much attention.
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um assunto que raramente
recebe muita atenção.
02:42
I wanted to highlight the ways
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Eu queria destacar os pontos
02:44
in which we need
to educate boys differently
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nos quais precisamos educar
os meninos de outra forma
02:46
without turning them into macho men.
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sem torná-los machões.
02:49
In some cases, families
send boys to school but not girls.
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Em alguns casos, as famílias colocam
os meninos na escola, mas não as meninas.
02:54
The persistence of teen pregnancy
heightened the gender equity gap
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A persistência da gravidez na adolescência
aumentou a desigualdade de gênero
02:58
and the continued existence
of traditional roles.
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e a continuidade dos papéis tradicionais.
03:03
If we were to allow
equal opportunities to girls,
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Se as meninas recebessem
oportunidades iguais,
03:06
they could gain independence.
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elas poderiam conquistar independência.
03:09
Educating girls is key
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Educar as meninas é fundamental
03:12
to breaking cycles of teen pregnancies.
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para quebrar os ciclos
de gravidez na adolescência.
03:16
Girls getting pregnant
between the ages of 10 to 14
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Meninas que engravidam dos 10 aos 14 anos
03:20
are an extremely vulnerable population,
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são uma população extremamente vulnerável,
03:23
and they can be easy prey
for men twice their age.
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e podem ser presas fáceis para homens
com o dobro da idade delas.
03:27
There are many cases of violence,
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Há muitos casos de violência,
03:29
incest and sexual abuse
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incesto e abuso sexual
03:31
perpetrated against this group.
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perpetrados contra esse grupo.
03:34
This is Gloria.
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Esta é Gloria.
03:36
She became a teen mother at the age of 12,
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Ela se tornou mãe adolescente aos 12 anos,
03:38
a result of the ongoing
abuse by her father,
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por ser abusada
continuamente por seu pai,
03:41
who was also raping Gloria's two sisters,
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que também estuprava as duas irmãs dela,
03:44
ages 8 and 16.
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de 8 e 16 anos.
03:47
In this portrait,
she has butterflies in her hair,
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Neste retrato, ela tem
borboletas no cabelo,
03:51
symbols of resurrection.
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símbolos da ressurreição.
03:54
For me, it's extremely important
to portray this mother with dignity.
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Para mim, é extremamente importante
retratar esta mãe com dignidade.
04:00
Pregnancies among girls
younger than 15 is a growing trend,
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A gravidez entre meninas com menos
de 15 anos é uma tendência crescente,
04:04
not only in Latin America,
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não só na América Latina,
04:05
but many developing
countries in the world.
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mas em muitos países
em desenvolvimento no mundo.
04:09
Our region is marred
by bad social and cultural inequalities,
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Nossa região sofre com terríveis
desigualdades sociais e culturais,
04:14
and teen pregnancy
further increases this divide.
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e a gravidez na adolescência
aumenta ainda mais essa divisão.
Estou me comprometendo
a ser parte da solução,
04:18
I am committing
to being part of the solution
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fazendo um trabalho
que implícita e enfaticamente
04:20
by making work that implicitly
and emphatically
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04:23
calls for human rights for girls.
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clama por direitos humanos
para as meninas.
04:26
The day life projects
for boys and girls become similar,
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No dia em que os projetos de vida
para meninos e meninas forem similares,
04:32
teenage pregnancy will decrease.
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a gravidez na adolescência diminuirá.
04:34
Thank you.
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Obrigado.
04:35
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
Translated by Cláudia Sander
Reviewed by Leonardo Silva

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Christian Rodríguez - Documentary photographer
TED Fellow Christian Rodríguez explores themes related to gender and identity, working with communities all over the world.

Why you should listen

Christian Rodríguez is developing two main long-term projects: "Teen Mom," about teenage pregnancy in Latin America; and a personal project on magical realism, the Latin American literary trend. His work has been exhibited in festivals all over the world, such as GetxoPhoto, PhotoEspaña, Paraty Em Foco, Photo Phnom Penh Festival, Photobook Bristol, Photoville and the "Bienal de Fotografía" of the "Centro de la Imagen" (Mexico), and it has been published internationally, including National Geographic, the New York Times, The Guardian, The New Yorker, The Washington Post, El Mundo and others.

In addition to his work as a photographer, Rodríguez is creator and director of SAN JOSE FOTO International festival in Uruguay. He has been awarded the Roberto Villagraz Scholarship of EFTI (Spain), Nuevo Talento Fnac (Spain), Ojo de Pez Human Rights First Prize (Spain) and Getty Instagram Grant 2016 among others. Rodríguez gives workshops and lectures in Latin America and Europe, and he is a member of Prime Collective. He became a TED Fellow in 2017.

More profile about the speaker
Christian Rodríguez | Speaker | TED.com

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