TEDGlobal 2017
Christian Rodríguez: What teen pregnancy looks like in Latin America
Christian Rodríguez: 拉丁美洲嘅少女懷孕
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Christian Rodríguez 係一個攝影家和電影製片人 - 亦都係一個年輕媽媽個仔。喺過去五年，佢一直關注並紀錄著拉丁美洲少女懷孕嘅議題，創作出親密和有尊嚴嘅 12 歲媽媽們嘅畫像。喺呢段感人嘅影片中，Christian除佐分享佢嘅作品，亦都同大家探討佐母親嘅責任，係如何令到年輕女仔深陷貧窮和剝削嘅循環中。
Christian Rodríguez - Documentary photographer
TED Fellow Christian Rodríguez explores themes related to gender and identity, working with communities all over the world. Full bio
TED Fellow Christian Rodríguez explores themes related to gender and identity, working with communities all over the world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
For the last five years,
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喺過去五年
00:14
I have documented the lives
of teenage mothers in Latin America.
of teenage mothers in Latin America.
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我一直紀錄住拉丁美洲年輕媽媽們嘅生活
00:19
I started with a series of photographs
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我開始通過影像
00:22
about the moment of birth
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去紀錄生產嘅瞬間
00:24
in my country, Uruguay.
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喺我嘅國家 - 烏拉圭
00:29
(Video) (Screaming)
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（影片）（痛苦咁叫）
00:33
(Grunting)
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（痛苦咁叫）
00:37
(Newborn crying)
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（BB 喊聲）
00:50
I am the son of a teenage mother
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我係一個年輕媽媽個仔
00:53
and my sister became
a teenage mother when she was 16.
a teenage mother when she was 16.
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我家姐喺 16 歲嘅時候
亦都成為佐一個年輕媽媽
00:57
I began exploring the theme
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我開始去探究呢個議題
00:59
to better understand
myself and my origins.
myself and my origins.
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希望更加了解我自己同埋我嘅起源
01:04
In developing countries,
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喺發展中嘅國家到,
01:06
7.3 million girls under the age of 18
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每年有 730 萬個
18 歲以下嘅女仔產下BB
01:10
give birth each year.
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01:13
Projections suggest
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有預測指
01:14
that the teen pregnancy rate
in Latin America
in Latin America
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拉丁美洲嘅少女懷孕機率
01:17
will be the highest in the world
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喺未來 80 年
01:19
for the next 80 years.
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會成為全世界最高
01:21
In Mexico, almost one in two
sexually active adolescents
sexually active adolescents
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喺墨西哥
幾乎每兩個性活躍嘅青少年
01:26
get pregnant between the ages
of 12 to 19 years old.
of 12 to 19 years old.
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就有一個會喺 12 到 19 歲懷孕
01:31
Teenage pregnancy
is not just about young pregnancies.
is not just about young pregnancies.
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少女懷孕唔單止同早產有關
01:35
It is about gender violence,
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仲關係到性別暴力
01:37
physical, symbolic, psychological
and economic violence.
and economic violence.
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身體，象徵性，心理同經濟暴力
01:43
Girls who become pregnant
before they are 18
before they are 18
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18 歲前懷孕嘅女仔
01:46
rarely achieve an adequate
standard of living.
standard of living.
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好少可以達到適當標準嘅生活水平
01:50
The pattern of poverty
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貧窮嘅困境
01:51
and limited access
to education and health care
to education and health care
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教育資源同衛生保健嘅缺失
01:54
are a common thread
among teen pregnancies.
among teen pregnancies.
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都係少女懷孕嘅共同點
01:57
If a girl in Latin America
gets pregnant before she is 16,
gets pregnant before she is 16,
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如果一個拉丁美洲女仔喺 16 歲前懷孕
02:02
the risk of maternal death
increases fourfold
increases fourfold
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產婦死亡嘅風險會係
02:05
over a woman in their 20s.
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二十歲懷孕女仔嘅四倍
02:09
And somehow, in spite of all this,
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儘管如此
02:12
motherhood also imparts a status
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母親嘅責任亦賦予少女們新嘅身分
02:15
and a respect to the adolescent
in her community.
in her community.
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令到佢哋喺社會上受到尊重
02:20
Her child becomes her life project.
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細路變成佢哋終生嘅任務
02:25
A high percentage of girls
under the age of 18 are single mothers,
under the age of 18 are single mothers,
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大部分 18 歲以下嘅女仔都係單親媽媽
02:29
as was my mother.
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就好似我媽媽咁
02:31
When I was learning to be a parent,
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當我學緊點去做一個父母嘅時候
02:33
I began to focus on the relationship
between father and child,
between father and child,
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我開始注重父子之間嘅關係
02:38
a subject rarely given much attention.
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呢個話題好少人關注
02:42
I wanted to highlight the ways
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我想要強調我哋
02:44
in which we need
to educate boys differently
to educate boys differently
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應該用唔同嘅方式去教育男仔
02:46
without turning them into macho men.
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唔好令到佢哋變成大男人主義
02:49
In some cases, families
send boys to school but not girls.
send boys to school but not girls.
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有啲家庭甚至淨係送男仔去返學
02:54
The persistence of teen pregnancy
heightened the gender equity gap
heightened the gender equity gap
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持久以來嘅少女懷孕
增加咗性別平等嘅差距
02:58
and the continued existence
of traditional roles.
of traditional roles.
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令到傳統家庭角色嘅延續
03:03
If we were to allow
equal opportunities to girls,
equal opportunities to girls,
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如果我哋畀女仔擁有相同嘅機會
03:06
they could gain independence.
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佢哋就可以有自主能力
03:09
Educating girls is key
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教育女仔係
03:12
to breaking cycles of teen pregnancies.
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打破少女懷孕循環嘅關鍵
03:16
Girls getting pregnant
between the ages of 10 to 14
between the ages of 10 to 14
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10 至 14 歲之間懷孕嘅女仔
03:20
are an extremely vulnerable population,
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係一個非常脆弱嘅群體
03:23
and they can be easy prey
for men twice their age.
for men twice their age.
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同埋佢地好容易成為雙倍年齡男人嘅猎物
03:27
There are many cases of violence,
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有好多關於暴力
03:29
incest and sexual abuse
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亂倫同性暴力嘅事件
03:31
perpetrated against this group.
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都發生喺呢個群體中
03:34
This is Gloria.
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呢個係 Gloria
03:36
She became a teen mother at the age of 12,
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佢係 12 歲嘅時候成為一個年輕媽媽
03:38
a result of the ongoing
abuse by her father,
abuse by her father,
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因為一直以來被佢嘅父親虐待
03:41
who was also raping Gloria's two sisters,
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佢父親亦強姦佐佢兩個姐妹,
03:44
ages 8 and 16.
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年齡分別 8歲同16歲
03:47
In this portrait,
she has butterflies in her hair,
she has butterflies in her hair,
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喺呢張相入邊，佢頭髮上有蝴蝶
03:51
symbols of resurrection.
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象徵住重生
03:54
For me, it's extremely important
to portray this mother with dignity.
to portray this mother with dignity.
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對我來講
可以喺作品裡面展現出年輕媽媽嘅尊嚴
喺視關重要
04:00
Pregnancies among girls
younger than 15 is a growing trend,
younger than 15 is a growing trend,
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女仔15 歲前懷孕逐漸成為常態
04:04
not only in Latin America,
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唔單止喺拉丁美洲
04:05
but many developing
countries in the world.
countries in the world.
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亦喺好多發展中國家發生
04:09
Our region is marred
by bad social and cultural inequalities,
by bad social and cultural inequalities,
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我哋國家被不良社會和文化不平等破壞
04:14
and teen pregnancy
further increases this divide.
further increases this divide.
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少女懷孕令不平等變得更加嚴重
04:18
I am committing
to being part of the solution
to being part of the solution
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我一直致力於成為解決少女懷孕問題嘅一員
04:20
by making work that implicitly
and emphatically
and emphatically
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通過創作出含蓄但強調捍衛
04:23
calls for human rights for girls.
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女性人權嘅作品
04:26
The day life projects
for boys and girls become similar,
for boys and girls become similar,
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男仔同女仔嘅日常生活會變得一樣
04:32
teenage pregnancy will decrease.
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少女懷孕亦會減少
04:34
Thank you.
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多謝大家
04:35
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Christian Rodríguez - Documentary photographerTED Fellow Christian Rodríguez explores themes related to gender and identity, working with communities all over the world.
Why you should listen
Christian Rodríguez is developing two main long-term projects: "Teen Mom," about teenage pregnancy in Latin America; and a personal project on magical realism, the Latin American literary trend. His work has been exhibited in festivals all over the world, such as GetxoPhoto, PhotoEspaña, Paraty Em Foco, Photo Phnom Penh Festival, Photobook Bristol, Photoville and the "Bienal de Fotografía" of the "Centro de la Imagen" (Mexico), and it has been published internationally, including National Geographic, the New York Times, The Guardian, The New Yorker, The Washington Post, El Mundo and others.
In addition to his work as a photographer, Rodríguez is creator and director of SAN JOSE FOTO International festival in Uruguay. He has been awarded the Roberto Villagraz Scholarship of EFTI (Spain), Nuevo Talento Fnac (Spain), Ojo de Pez Human Rights First Prize (Spain) and Getty Instagram Grant 2016 among others. Rodríguez gives workshops and lectures in Latin America and Europe, and he is a member of Prime Collective. He became a TED Fellow in 2017.
Christian Rodríguez | Speaker | TED.com