TED2009
Nina Jablonski: Skin color is an illusion
Nina Jablonski razbija iluziju o boji kože
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Nina Jablonski kaže da su različite boje kože jednostavna adaptacija naših tela na različite klimatske uslove i izlaganja raznim nivoima UV zračenja. Učenje Čarlsa Darvina nije u skladu sa ovom teorijom, ali ona objašnjava da je to jedino iz razloga što on nije imao pristup podacima NASA.
Nina Jablonski - Anthropologist
Nina Jablonski is author of Skin: A Natural History, a close look at human skin’s many remarkable traits: its colors, its sweatiness, the fact that we decorate it. Full bio
Nina Jablonski is author of Skin: A Natural History, a close look at human skin’s many remarkable traits: its colors, its sweatiness, the fact that we decorate it. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
Interestingly, Charles Darwin
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Zanimljivo je da je Čarls Darvin
00:22
was born a very lightly pigmented man,
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rođen kao veoma svetlo pigmentiran čovek,
00:26
in a moderately-to-darkly pigmented world.
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u ovom umereno do tamno pigmentiranom svetu.
00:30
Over the course of his life,
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Tokom svog života,
00:33
Darwin had great privilege.
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Darvin je imao sjajnu privilegiju.
00:35
He lived in a fairly wealthy home.
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Živeo je u dobrostojećoj porodici.
00:38
He was raised by very supportive and interested parents.
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Podizali su ga jako podržavajući i zainteresovani roditelji.
00:42
And when he was in his 20s
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I kada je bio u svojim dvadesetim godinama
00:44
he embarked upon a remarkable voyage on the ship the Beagle.
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krenuo je na neverovatan put brodom "Bigl".
00:48
And during the course of that voyage,
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I tokom tog puta,
00:51
he saw remarkable things:
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video je neverovatne stvari.
00:53
tremendous diversity of plants and animals, and humans.
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Ogromnu raznolikost biljaka i životinja i ljudi.
00:57
And the observations that he made
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I zapažanja koja je načinio
00:59
on that epic journey
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tokom tog svog epskog puta,
01:01
were to be eventually distilled
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bila su naknadno razrađena
01:03
into his wonderful book, "On the Origin of Species,"
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u njegovoj predivnoj knjizi, "Poreklo vrsta",
01:05
published 150 years ago.
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objavljenoj pre 150 godina.
01:09
Now what is so interesting
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E sada, šta je to tako interesantno
01:11
and to some, the extent, what's a bit infamous
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i po nekima, pomalo nepopularno
01:15
about "The Origin of Species,"
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o "Poreklu vrsta",
01:17
is that there is only one line in it
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je to da postoji samo jedan red u knjizi
01:19
about human evolution.
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o ljudskoj evoluciji.
01:22
"Light will be thrown on the origin of man
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Svetlo će tek biti bačeno na poreklo čoveka
01:25
and his history."
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i na njegovu istoriju.
01:27
It wasn't until much longer,
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Tek nakon mnogo vremena,
01:29
much later,
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mnogo kasnije,
01:31
that Darwin actually spoke
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Darvin je počeo da priča
01:33
and wrote about humans.
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i piše o ljudima.
01:36
Now in his years of
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Tokom godina
01:38
traveling on the Beagle,
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njegovog putovanja "Biglom",
01:40
and from listening to the accounts
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i slušanja izveštaja
01:42
or explorers and naturalists,
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raznih prirodnjaka i istraživača,
01:44
he knew that skin color
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on je znao da je boja kože
01:48
was one of the most important ways
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jedan od najznačajnijih načina
01:50
in which people varied.
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na koji se ljudi međusobno razlikuju.
01:52
And he was somewhat interested in the pattern of skin color.
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Na neki način on je bio zainteresovan za vrste obojenosti kože.
01:56
He knew that darkly pigmented peoples
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Znao je da su tamnije pigmentirani narodi
01:58
were found close to the equator;
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nađeni bliže ekvatoru.
02:01
lightly pigmented peoples, like himself,
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Svetlije pigmentirani, kao što je i on sam bio,
02:03
were found closer to the poles.
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bili su bliže polovima.
02:06
So what did he make of all this?
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I šta je on mislio o tome?
02:08
Well he didn't write anything about it in The Origin of Species.
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Pa, nije o tome ništa napisao u "Poreklu vrsta".
02:11
But much later, in 1871,
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Ali dosta kasnije, 1871.,
02:14
he did have something to say about it.
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imao je nešto da kaže na tu temu.
02:16
And it was quite curious. He said,
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I to je bilo prilično interesantno. Rekao je,
02:18
"Of all the differences between the races of men,
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"Od svih razlika koje postoje između rasa ljudi,
02:21
the color of the skin is the most conspicuous
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boja kože je najizražajnija
02:23
and one of the best marked."
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i najbolje označena."
02:25
And he went on to say,
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I u nastavku je rekao,
02:27
"These differences do not coincide
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"Ove razlike se ne podudaraju
02:30
with corresponding differences in climate."
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sa odgovarajućim razlikama u klimi."
02:33
So he had traveled all around.
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On je putovao svuda unaokolo.
02:35
He had seen people of different colors
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Video je ljude različitih boja
02:38
living in different places.
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koji žive na različitim mestima.
02:40
And yet he rejected the idea
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Pa ipak je odbacio ideju
02:42
that human skin pigmentation
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da je ljudska pigmentacija
02:45
was related to the climate.
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povezana sa klimom.
02:48
If only Darwin lived today.
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Da je smo Darvin živ danas.
02:51
If only Darwin had NASA.
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Da je samo imao NASA.
02:54
Now, one of the wonderful things that NASA does
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Jedna od divnih stvari koje NASA radi
02:58
is it puts up a variety of satellites
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je to da postavlja različite satelite
03:00
that detect all sort of interesting things about our environment.
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koji detektuju svakakve interesantne stvari o našem okruženju.
03:03
And for many decades now
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I tokom mnogo dekada
03:06
there have been a series of TOMS satellites
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postoje serije TOMS satelita
03:09
that have collected data about the radiation of the Earth's surface.
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koji sakupljaju podatke o radijaciji Zemljine površine.
03:12
The TOMS 7 satellite data, shown here,
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TOMS 7 satelitski podaci, vidimo ovde,
03:16
show the annual average
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pokazuju prosečno godišnje
03:18
ultraviolet radiation at the Earth's surface.
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ultravioletno zračenje Zemljine površine.
03:21
Now the really hot pink and red areas
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Jako pink i crvena područja
03:24
are those parts of the world that receive the highest amounts
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su oni delovi sveta koji primaju najveće količine
03:27
of UV during the year.
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UV zračenja tokom godine.
03:30
The incrementally cooler colors --
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Hladnije boje,
03:33
blues, greens, yellows, and finally grays --
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plava, zelena, žuta i najzad siva,
03:36
indicate areas of much lower ultraviolet radiation.
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ukazuju na područja sa nižom ultravioletnom radijacijom.
03:39
What's significant to the story of human skin pigmentation
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Ono što je značajno u priči o ljudskoj pigmentaciji
03:43
is just how much of the Northern Hemisphere
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jeste to koliki je deo severne hemisfere
03:47
is in these cool gray zones.
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u ovim hladno sivim zonama.
03:50
This has tremendous implications for our understanding
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Ovo ima ogromne implikacije za naše razumevanje
03:53
of the evolution of human skin pigmentation.
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evolucije ljudske pigmentacije kože.
03:56
And what Darwin could not appreciate,
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Ono što Darvin nije cenio,
03:59
or didn't perhaps want to appreciate at the time,
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ili nije želeo da uzme u obzir u to vreme,
04:02
is that there was a fundamental relationship
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jeste to da postoji fundamentalna veza
04:05
between the intensity of ultraviolet radiation
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između intenziteta ultravioletne radijacije
04:08
and skin pigmentation.
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i pigmentacije kože.
04:10
And that skin pigmentation itself
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I da je pigmentacija kože
04:13
was a product of evolution.
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produkt evolucije.
04:16
And so when we look at a map of skin color,
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I kada pogledamo mapu boje kože
04:19
and predicted skin color, as we know it today,
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i kada predviđamo boju kože, kao što to znamo danas,
04:22
what we see is a beautiful gradient
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ono što vidimo je divna gradacija
04:25
from the darkest skin pigmentations toward the equator,
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od tamnije pigmentacije oko ekvatora,
04:28
and the lightest ones toward the poles.
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do svetlije kod polova.
04:31
What's very, very important here
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Ono što je veoma značajno ovde
04:35
is that the earliest humans
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je da su najraniji humanoidi
04:37
evolved in high-UV environments,
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evoluirali u uslovima visokog UV zračenja,
04:40
in equatorial Africa.
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u ekvatorijalnoj Africi.
04:42
The earliest members of our lineage,
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Najraniji članovi naše vrste,
04:45
the genus Homo, were darkly pigmented.
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roda Homo, su bili tamno pogmentirani.
04:48
And we all share this incredible heritage
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I mi svi delimo to neverovantno nasleđe
04:52
of having originally been
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toga da smo prvobitno bili
04:54
darkly pigmented,
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tamno pigmentirani,
04:56
two million to one and half million years ago.
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od dva miliona do milion ipo godina ranije.
04:59
Now what happened in our history?
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E sad, šta se desilo u našoj istoriji?
05:04
Let's first look at the relationship
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Hajde da prvo pogledamo vezu
05:06
of ultraviolet radiation to the Earth's surface.
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ultravioletnog zračenja na Zemljinu površinu.
05:09
In those early days of our evolution,
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U tim ranim danima naše evolucije,
05:12
looking at the equator,
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gledajući ekvator,
05:14
we were bombarded by high levels of ultraviolet radiation.
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bili smo bombardovani visokim nivoima ultravioletnog zračenja.
05:17
The UVC, the most energetic type,
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UVC, tip sa najviše energije,
05:20
was occluded by the Earth's atmosphere.
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bio je blokiran od strane Zemljine atmosfere.
05:23
But UVB and UVA
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Ali UVB i UVA
05:25
especially, came in unimpeded.
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posebno, dolazili su neometano.
05:27
UVB turns out to be incredibly important.
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UVB se ispostavilo da je bio jako važan.
05:31
It's very destructive,
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Veoma je destruktivan.
05:33
but it also catalyzes the production of vitamin D in the skin,
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Ali on takođe katalizuje produkciju vitamina D u koži.
05:37
vitamin D being a molecule that we very much need
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Vitamin D je molekul koji nam je veoma potreban
05:41
for our strong bones, the health of our immune system,
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za naše jake kosti, za zdravlje našeg imunog sistema,
05:45
and myriad other important functions in our bodies.
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i za bezbroj drugih bitnih funkcija u našem telu.
05:48
So, living at the equator, we got
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Tako, živeći na ekvatoru, imali smo
05:50
lots and lots of ultraviolet radiation
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puno ultravioletne radijacije
05:53
and the melanin --
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i melanin,
05:56
this wonderful, complex, ancient polymer
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taj predivni, komleksni, antički polimer
06:00
compound in our skin --
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koji se nalazi u našoj koži,
06:02
served as a superb natural sunscreen.
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služio nam je kao vrhunska prirodna zaštita od sunca.
06:06
This polymer is amazing
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Taj polimer je zadivljujući
06:08
because it's present in so many different organisms.
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jer je prisutan u toliko različitih organizama.
06:11
Melanin, in various forms, has probably been on the Earth
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Melanin, u različitim formama, verovatno se nalazi na Zemlji
06:13
a billion years,
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milijardu godina.
06:16
and has been recruited over and over again
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I evolucija ga je iskorišćavala iznova i iznova,
06:18
by evolution, as often happens.
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kao što se to često dešava.
06:22
Why change it if it works?
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Zašto menjati ako već radi?
06:24
So melanin was recruited, in our lineage,
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Tako je melanin bio korišćen, u našoj vrsti,
06:28
and specifically in our earliest ancestors
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a posebno u našim najranijim precima
06:31
evolving in Africa,
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koji su evoluirali u Africi,
06:33
to be a natural sunscreen.
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kao prirodna zaštita od sunca.
06:35
Where it protected the body
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Gde je štitio telo
06:37
against the degradations of ultraviolet radiation,
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od razarajuće ultravioletne radijacije,
06:40
the destruction, or damage to DNA,
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od uništenja ili oštećenja DNK,
06:43
and the breakdown of a very important molecule called folate,
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i od razaranja veoma važnog molekula koji se zove folna kiselina,
06:47
which helps to fuel cell production,
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a koja potpomaže produkciju ćelija,
06:50
and reproduction in the body.
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i reprodukciju u telu.
06:53
So, it's wonderful. We evolved this very protective,
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Tako da je to predivno. Stvoren je ovaj visoko zaštitni,
06:56
wonderful covering of melanin.
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savršeni pokrivač - melanin.
06:59
But then we moved.
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Ali onda smo se odselili.
07:03
And humans dispersed -- not once, but twice.
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Ljudi su se raselili, ne jednom, već dva puta.
07:07
Major moves, outside of our equatorial homeland,
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Veliki pokreti, van ekvatorijalnog doma,
07:11
from Africa into other parts of the Old World,
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iz Afrike, u druge delove starog sveta,
07:15
and most recently, into the New World.
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i skorije, u novi svet.
07:17
When humans dispersed into these latitudes,
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Kada su se ljudi raselili u ove geografske širine,
07:20
what did they face?
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sa čime su se suočili?
07:22
Conditions were significantly colder,
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Uslovi su bili značajno hladniji,
07:25
but they were also less intense
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ali takođe su bili manje intenzivni
07:27
with respect to the ultraviolet regime.
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u odnosu na ultravioletni režim.
07:29
So if we're somewhere in the Northern Hemisphere,
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Tako, ukoliko se nalazimo negde na severnoj hemisferi,
07:33
look at what's happening to the ultraviolet radiation.
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pogledajte šta se dešava sa ultravioletnom radijacijom.
07:36
We're still getting a dose of UVA.
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Mi i dalje dobijamo dozu UVA.
07:39
But all of the UVB,
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Ali sav UVB,
07:41
or nearly all of it,
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ili skoro sav,
07:43
is dissipated through the thickness of the atmosphere.
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se raspe kroz atmosferu.
07:46
In the winter, when you are skiing in the Alps,
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Zimi, dok skijate na Alpima,
07:50
you may experience ultraviolet radiation.
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možete iskusiti ultravioletnu radijaciju.
07:53
But it's all UVA,
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Ali to je sve UVA,
07:55
and, significantly, that UVA
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i što je važno, UVA
07:57
has no ability to make vitamin D in your skin.
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nema mogućnost da stvara vitamin D u koži.
08:02
So people inhabiting northern hemispheric environments
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Tako su ljudi koji naseljavaju severnu hemisferu,
08:07
were bereft of the potential
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lišeni mogućnosti
08:10
to make vitamin D in their skin for most of the year.
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da proizvode vitamin D u svojoj koži tokom većeg dela godine.
08:13
This had tremendous consequences
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Ovo je imalo nesagledive posledice
08:16
for the evolution of human skin pigmentation.
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na evoluciju ljudske pigmentacije.
08:18
Because what happened, in order to ensure health and well-being,
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Jer šta se desilo, da bi osigurale zdravlje i dobrostanje,
08:23
these lineages of people
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ove rase ljudi
08:25
dispersing into the Northern Hemisphere
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šireći se prema severnoj hemisferi,
08:29
lost their pigmentation.
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izgubile su svoju pigmentaciju.
08:31
There was natural selection
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Bila je to prirodna selekcija
08:33
for the evolution of lightly pigmented skin.
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za evoluciju svetlo pigmentirane kože.
08:38
Here we begin to see the evolution
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Ovde počinjemo da vidimo evoluciju
08:40
of the beautiful sepia rainbow
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predivnih sepia tonova
08:42
that now characterizes all of humanity.
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koje karakterišu čitavo čovečanstvo.
08:45
Lightly pigmented skin evolved not just once,
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Svetlije pigmentirana koža evoluirala je ne samo jednom,
08:49
not just twice, but probably three times.
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ne dvaput, već verovatno tri puta.
08:52
Not just in modern humans,
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Ne samo kod modernih ljudi,
08:54
but in one of our distant unrelated ancestors,
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već i kod naših dalekih predaka,
08:58
the Neanderthals.
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Neandertalaca.
09:00
A remarkable, remarkable testament
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Izuzetan dokaz
09:02
to the power of evolution.
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za moć evolucije.
09:04
Humans have been on the move for a long time.
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Ljudska vrsta je u pokretu dugo vremena.
09:07
And just in the last 5,000 years,
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Samo u poslednjih 5000 godina,
09:09
in increasing rates, over increasing distances.
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u povećanom obimu, na velike distance.
09:12
Here are just some of the biggest movements of people,
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Ovo su samo neke od najvećih selidba ljudi,
09:16
voluntary movements, in the last 5,000 years.
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dobrovoljnih, u poslednjih 5000 godina.
09:19
Look at some of the major latitudinal transgressions:
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Pogledajte neke od glavnih migracija po geografskim zonama.
09:22
people from high UV areas
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Ljudi iz područja sa visokim UV zračenjem
09:24
going to low UV and vice versa.
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idu u predele sa nižim UV zračenjem i obrnuto.
09:27
And not all these moves were voluntary.
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Nisu svi ovi pokreti bili dobrovoljni.
09:31
Between 1520 and 1867,
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Između 1520. i 1867. godine,
09:34
12 million, 500 people
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12 miliona ljudi
09:38
were moved from high UV
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je preseljeno iz zone visokog UV zračenja
09:40
to low UV areas
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u zone niskog UV zračenja,
09:42
in the transatlantic slave trade.
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u prekoatlantskoj trgovini robljem.
09:45
Now this had all sorts of invidious social consequences.
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To je vodilo svim vrstama socijalnih posledica.
09:49
But it also had deleterious
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Ali takođe je vodilo i do štetnih
09:52
health consequences to people.
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posledica na zdravlje ljudi.
09:54
So what? We've been on the move.
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Pa šta? Bili smo u pokretu.
09:57
We're so clever we can overcome all of these
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Toliko smo pametni da možemo prevazići sve ove
10:00
seeming biological impediments.
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biološke prepreke.
10:03
Well, often we're unaware
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Pa ipak, često nismo svesni
10:05
of the fact that we're living
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činjenice da živimo
10:07
in environments in which our skin
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u okruženju u kom je naša koža
10:09
is inherently poorly adapted.
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suštinski loše prilagođena.
10:12
Some of us with lightly pigmented skin
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Neki od nas koji su svetlijeg pigmenta
10:14
live in high-UV areas.
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žive u zoni visokog UV zračenja.
10:16
Some of us with darkly pigmented skin
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Neki od nas sa tamnijom kožom
10:18
live in low-UV areas.
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žive u zonama nižeg UV zračenja.
10:21
These have tremendous consequences for our health.
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Ovo ima nesagledive posledice na naše zdravlje.
10:25
We have to, if we're lightly pigmented,
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Mi moramo, ukoliko smo svetlo pigmentirani,
10:28
be careful about the problems of skin cancer,
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da budemo obazrivi kada je u pitanju rak kože,
10:32
and destruction of folate in our bodies,
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kao i uništenje folne kiseline u telu,
10:35
by lots of sun.
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od prekomernog sunca.
10:37
Epidemiologists and doctors
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Epidemiolozi i doktori
10:39
have been very good about telling us
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su nam veoma dobro govorili
10:41
about protecting our skin.
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o zaštiti naše kože.
10:43
What they haven't been so good about instructing people
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Ono u čemu nisu bili tako dobri vezano za informisanje ljudi,
10:48
is the problem of darkly pigmented people
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jeste problem ljudi koji su tamnije pigmentirani
10:51
living in high latitude areas,
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i koji žive u višim geografskim zonama,
10:54
or working inside all the time.
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ili rade u zatvorenom sve vreme.
10:56
Because the problem there is just as severe,
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Jer su problemi tamo jednako veliki.
10:59
but it is more sinister,
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Ali su mnogo zloćudniji.
11:01
because vitamin D deficiency,
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Jer deficijencija vitamina D,
11:03
from a lack of ultraviolet B radiation,
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nastala usled manjka ultravioletne B radijacije,
11:07
is a major problem.
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je krupan problem.
11:09
Vitamin D deficiency creeps up on people,
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Nedostatak vitamina D se prikrada,
11:11
and causes all sorts of health problems to their bones,
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i izaziva sve vrste zdravstvenih problema u njihovim kostima,
11:14
to their gradual decay of their immune systems,
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do postepenog razaranja njihovog imunog sistema,
11:18
or loss of immune function,
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ili gubitka imunih funkcija,
11:20
and probably some problems
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i verovatno nekih problema
11:22
with their mood and health,
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sa njihovim raspoloženjem i zdravljem,
11:25
their mental health.
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njihovim mentalnim zdravljem.
11:27
So we have, in skin pigmentation,
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Tako imamo, u pigmentaciji kože,
11:30
one of these wonderful products of evolution
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jedan od divnih proizvoda evolucije,
11:33
that still has consequences for us today.
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koji i danas ima posledice na nas.
11:35
And the social consequences,
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A socijalne posledice,
11:37
as we know, are incredibly profound.
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kao što znamo, su neverovatno velike.
11:40
We live in a world where we
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Živimo u svetu u kome
11:42
have lightly and darkly pigmented people
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svetlo i tamno pigmentirani ljudi
11:46
living next to one another,
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žive jedni pored drugih.
11:48
but often brought into proximity initially
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Ali često su dovedeni u prvobitnu blizinu
11:51
as a result of very invidious social interactions.
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kao rezultat individualnih socijalnih interakcija.
11:55
So how can we overcome this?
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I kako se ovo može prevazići?
11:58
How can we begin to understand it?
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Kako možemo razumeti ovo?
12:00
Evolution helps us.
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Evolucija nam pomaže.
12:04
200 years after Darwin's birthday,
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200 godina nakon Darvinovog rođenja,
12:08
we have the first moderately pigmented President of the United States.
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imamo prvog umereno pigmentiranog predsednika Amerike.
12:13
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
12:14
How wonderful is that?
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Koliko je to divno?
12:16
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
12:18
This man is significant for a whole host of reasons.
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Ovaj čovek je značajan zbog mnogo razloga.
12:22
But we need to think about how he compares,
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Ali treba da razmišljamo o tome kako se on poredi,
12:25
in terms of his pigmentation, to other people on Earth.
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s obzirom na pigmentaciju kože, sa ostalim ljudima na Zemlji.
12:27
He, as one of many urban admixed populations,
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On je, kao jedan iz velikog broja izmešane populacije,
12:31
is very emblematic
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simbol
12:33
of a mixed parentage, of a mixed pigmentation.
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mešovitih roditelja, izmešane pigmentacije.
12:36
And he resembles, very closely,
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I veoma je sličan, veoma blizak,
12:38
people with moderate levels of pigmentation
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ljudima umerene pigmentacije
12:41
who live in southern Africa, or Southeast Asia.
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koji žive u južnoj Africi i jugoistočnoj Aziji.
12:45
These people have a tremendous potential
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Ti ljudi imaju ogroman potencijal
12:47
to tan, to develop more pigment in their skin,
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da tamne, da razvijaju još više pigmenta u svojoj koži,
12:50
as a result of exposure to sun.
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kao rezultat izlaganja suncu.
12:52
They also run the risk of vitamin D deficiency,
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I oni su izloženi povećanom riziku od deficita vitamina D,
12:56
if they have desk jobs, like that guy.
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ukoliko imaju kancelarijske poslove, kao taj čovek.
13:00
So lets all wish for his great health,
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Tako da mu poželimo dobro zdravlje,
13:04
and his awareness of his own skin pigmentation.
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i svest o sopstvenoj pigmentaciji.
13:09
Now what is wonderful
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Ono što je predivno
13:12
about the evolution of human skin pigmentation,
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u vezi sa evolucijom pigmentacije ljudske kože,
13:16
and the phenomenon of pigmentation,
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i fenomenom pigmentacije,
13:18
is that it is the demonstration,
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jeste to da je to demonstracija,
13:21
the evidence, of evolution
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dokaz, evolucije
13:24
by natural selection,
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putem prirodne selekcije,
13:26
right on your body.
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upravo na vašem telu.
13:30
When people ask you, "What is the evidence for evolution?"
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Kada vas ljudi pitaju, "Šta je dokaz evolucije?"
13:33
You don't have to think about some exotic examples, or fossils.
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ne morate da razmišljate o nekim egzotičnim primerima, ili fosilima.
13:37
You just have to look at your skin.
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Sve što treba da uradite je da pogledate svoju kožu.
13:40
Darwin, I think, would have appreciated this,
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Mislim da bi Darvin cenio ovo,
13:44
even though he eschewed the importance
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mada je prevideo važnost
13:47
of climate on the evolution of pigmentation during his own life.
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klime na evoluciju pigmentacije, tokom svog života.
13:51
I think, were he able to look
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Mislim da bi razumeo, da je samo imao prilike da vidi
13:54
at the evidence we have today, he would understand it.
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dokaze kojima raspolažemo danas.
13:57
He would appreciate it.
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Cenio bi to.
13:59
And most of all, he would teach it.
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I najvažnije od svega, poučavao bi.
14:03
You, you can teach it.
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Vi, vi možete poučavati.
14:06
You can touch it.
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Možete dotaći.
14:08
You can understand it.
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Možete razumeti.
14:10
Take it out of this room.
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Izneti iz ove prostorije.
14:13
Take your skin color,
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Prihvatite svoju boju kože,
14:15
and celebrate it.
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i slavite je.
14:17
Spread the word.
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Širite priču.
14:19
You have the evolution
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Imate evoluciju
14:21
of the history of our species,
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istorije naše vrste,
14:25
part of it, written in your skin.
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deo nje, zapisanu na svojoj koži.
14:27
Understand it. Appreciate it. Celebrate it.
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Razumite to. Cenite. Slavite.
14:30
Go out. Isn't it beautiful? Isn't it wonderful?
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Izađite. Zar nije prelepo? Zar nije čudesno?
14:34
You are the products of evolution.
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Vi ste produkt evolucije.
14:37
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
14:39
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nina Jablonski - AnthropologistNina Jablonski is author of Skin: A Natural History, a close look at human skin’s many remarkable traits: its colors, its sweatiness, the fact that we decorate it.
Why you should listen
"Much of what we consider our humanity is imbued in our skin," Nina Jablonski tells us. This insight came to her in 1981, as she observed a jittery anatomy class warm to a cadaver only after cutting through its skin. As it turns out, marvels abound of this sweaty, hardwearing, social -- and underappreciated -- organ. Many are collected in her book, Skin: A Natural History, a look at what makes our skin unique and, perhaps, more important than we realize.
A fascination with the multicolored, multi-talented human hide fits Jablonski, a truly eclectic scientist. She's also a paleontologist and primatologist, studying the form, behavior and diet of mammals in light of climate change and evolution. She teaches at Penn State and recently found the world's oldest chimpanzee fossil.
Nina Jablonski | Speaker | TED.com