ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sebastian Junger - Journalist and documentarian
The author of "The Perfect Storm" and the director of the documentaries "Restrepo" and "Korengal," Sebastian Junger tells non-fiction stories with grit and emotion.

Why you should listen

Sebastian Junger thundered onto the media landscape with his non-fiction book, The Perfect Storm. A correspondent for Vanity Fair and ABC News, Junger has covered stories all across the globe, igniting a new interest in non-fiction. One of his main interests: war.

From 2007 to 2008, Junger and photographer Tim Hetherington embedded with the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team in Afghanistan. They spent intensive time with the soldiers at the Restrepo outpost in the Korengal Valley, which saw more combat than any other part of Afghanistan. The experience became Junger's book WAR, and the documentary "Restrepo," which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary in 2011.

Junger and Hetherington planned to make a second documentary on the topic, "Korengal," meant to help soldiers and civilians alike understand the fear, courage and complexity involved in combat. It's a project that Junger decided to carry on after Hetherington was killed in Libya while covering the civil war there. Junger self-financed and released the film.

More profile about the speaker
Sebastian Junger | Speaker | TED.com
TEDSalon NY2014

Sebastian Junger: Why veterans miss war

Sebastian Junger: 老兵为何恋战

Filmed:
3,922,187 views

老百姓不会怀念战争,而士兵却会。记者 Sebastian Junger 分享了他在雷斯特雷波(阿富汗科伦加尔山谷哨站,曾爆发激烈的战争)与美国士兵相处的经历。他认为战争“改变了人们的想法”,并解释了战争是如何在士兵中间建立起强烈的相互依存感。那说到底,难道是“战争的对立面”让士兵们感到怀念吗?
- Journalist and documentarian
The author of "The Perfect Storm" and the director of the documentaries "Restrepo" and "Korengal," Sebastian Junger tells non-fiction stories with grit and emotion. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I'm going to ask and try to answer回答,
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接下来我会问一些而且也会回答一些
00:14
in some ways方法, kind of an uncomfortable不舒服 question.
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令人感到不太舒服的问题
00:19
Both civilians老百姓, obviously明显, and soldiers士兵
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很显然,不管是老百姓还是士兵
00:22
suffer遭受 in war战争;
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都深受战争之苦
00:24
I don't think any civilian平民 has ever missed错过
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我觉得老百姓中不会有哪个人会想念
00:26
the war战争 that they were subjected to.
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曾经经历过的战争
00:30
I've been covering覆盖 wars战争 for almost几乎 20 years年份,
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20多年来我一直致力于战地报道
00:32
and one of the remarkable卓越 things for me
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有一件事让我感触很深
00:35
is how many许多 soldiers士兵 find themselves他们自己 missing失踪 it.
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那就是许多士兵会怀念战争
00:39
How is it someone有人 can go through通过
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而当一个人
00:41
the worst最差 experience经验 imaginable想象,
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在经历了无法想象的艰难困苦之后
00:43
and come home, back to their home,
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终于回到故土,回到自己的家
00:45
and their family家庭, their country国家, and miss小姐 the war战争?
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回到亲人中间,回到祖国之后,却怎么会怀念战争?
00:49
How does that work? What does it mean?
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这是为什么?这又意味着什么?
00:52
We have to answer回答 that question,
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我们必须要回答这个问题
00:56
because if we don't, it'll它会 be impossible不可能
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因为不这样的话,就不能够
00:59
to bring带来 soldiers士兵 back
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让士兵们重新融入
01:00
to a place地点 in society社会 where they belong属于,
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他们曾经生活的社会环境中
01:04
and I think it'll它会 also be impossible不可能 to stop war战争,
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而且要想阻止战争
01:06
if we don't understand理解 how that mechanism机制 works作品.
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就必须知道这其中的道理
01:09
The problem问题 is that war战争
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但是,关于战争有个问题
01:13
does not have a simple简单, neat整齐 truth真相,
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那就是没有一个简单、清楚的评述
01:17
one simple简单, neat整齐 truth真相.
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哪怕是一个这样的评述都没有
01:19
Any sane明智的 person hates war战争,
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任何一个有理智的人都厌恶战争
01:21
hates the idea理念 of war战争,
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厌恶打仗这种想法
01:23
wouldn't不会 want to have anything to do with it,
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不想与战争有任何干系
01:26
doesn't want to be near it,
doesn't want to know about it.
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不想听,也不想知道
01:29
That's a sane明智的 response响应 to war战争.
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这是对于战争应有的反应
01:32
But if I asked all of you in this room房间,
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但如果我问在座的各位
01:34
who here has paid支付 money
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有没有花过钱
01:38
to go to a cinema电影
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去电影院
01:40
and be entertained封盘 by a Hollywood好莱坞 war战争 movie电影,
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看精彩的好莱坞战争大片?
01:43
most of you would probably大概 raise提高 your hands.
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应该大多数人都会举手
01:47
That's what's so complicated复杂 about war战争.
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这就是为什么很难评说战争
01:49
And trust相信 me, if a room房间 full充分 of peace-loving爱好和平的 people
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而且我敢说,即使一群和平爱好者中间
01:53
finds认定 something compelling引人注目 about war战争,
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也不乏有人认为战争具有吸引力
01:56
so do 20-year-old-岁 soldiers士兵
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更何况是对于一个20岁出头的小伙子
01:59
who have been trained熟练 in it, I promise诺言 you.
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经受了战争的洗礼,他更能感受战争的诱惑
02:02
That's the thing that has to be understood了解.
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我们必须要明白这一点
02:05
I've covered覆盖 war战争 for about 20 years年份, as I said,
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我从事战地报道20年
02:08
but my most intense激烈 experiences经验 in combat战斗
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记忆最深的当数
02:11
were with American美国 soldiers士兵 in Afghanistan阿富汗.
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和在阿富汗的美国士兵们在战场上出生入死的经历
02:15
I've been in Africa非洲, the Middle中间 East,
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我去过非洲、中东
02:16
Afghanistan阿富汗 in the '90s,
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早在90年代就去过阿富汗
02:18
but it was with American美国 soldiers士兵 in 2007, 2008,
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但是和美国士兵在一起的经历是2007和08年
02:22
that I was confronted面对 with
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当时,我参加了一场
02:25
very intense激烈 combat战斗.
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非常激烈的战争
02:26
I was in a small valley called the KorengalKorengal Valley
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当时我在一个叫科伦加尔山谷的小村庄
02:28
in eastern Afghanistan阿富汗.
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位于东阿富汗
02:31
It was six miles英里 long.
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战线有六公里长
02:33
There were 150 men男人 of
Battle战斗 Company公司 in that valley,
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当地的战地部队有150人
02:36
and for a while, while I was there,
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而且当时,也就是我在当地停留期间
02:40
almost几乎 20 percent百分 of all the combat战斗
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将近百分之二十的战斗发生
02:42
in all of Afghanistan阿富汗 was happening事件
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发生在阿富汗全境中
02:44
in those six miles英里.
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这条6公里长的战线上
02:45
A hundred and fifty五十 men男人 were absorbing吸收
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这150名士兵
02:48
almost几乎 a fifth第五 of the combat战斗 for all of NATO北约 forces军队
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参与了1/5的倾注了北约所有兵力的战斗
02:51
in the country国家, for a couple一对 months个月.
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这些发生在阿富汗持续了几个月
02:54
It was very intense激烈.
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战斗异常激烈
02:56
I spent花费 most of my time at a small outpost前哨
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我大部分的时间都是在一个
02:58
called Restrepo雷斯特雷波.
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叫雷斯特雷波的小哨站度过的。
02:59
It was named命名 after the platoon medic军医
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这曾是一个野战排医疗兵的名字
03:01
that had been killed杀害 about two
months个月 into the deployment部署.
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他在战地工作两个月后就牺牲了
03:04
It was a few少数 plywood合板 B-hutsB-小屋
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所谓的哨站就是几个胶合板搭建的兵舍
03:08
clinging执着 to a side of a ridge,
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靠着山脊的一侧而建
03:12
and sandbags沙包, bunkers沙坑, gun positions位置,
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还有沙袋、掩体和火力点
03:16
and there were 20 men男人 up there
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那里总共有20个人
03:18
of Second第二 Platoon, Battle战斗 Company公司.
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隶属战地连第二排
03:20
I spent花费 most of my time up there.
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我在那儿度过了很长的时间
03:22
There was no running赛跑 water.
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没有自来水
03:23
There was no way to bathe洗澡.
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没法洗澡
03:25
The guys were up there for a month at a time.
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士兵们在那儿一待就要待一个月
03:27
They never even got out of their clothes衣服.
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从来没脱过衣服
03:29
They fought战斗. The worked工作.
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不管是战斗、执行任务
03:31
They slept in the same相同 clothes衣服.
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还是睡觉,都穿着同样的衣服
03:33
They never took them off,
and at the end结束 of the month,
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他们从来不脱衣服,等到月底
03:35
they went back down to the company公司 headquarters司令部,
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他们被换下来回到大本营时
03:37
and by then, their clothes衣服 were unwearableunwearable.
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身上的衣服都不能穿了
03:39
They burned them and got a new set.
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他们就把衣服烧掉,再领一身新的
03:42
There was no Internet互联网. There was no phone电话.
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那儿也没法上网,没有电话
03:43
There was no communication通讯
with the outside world世界 up there.
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与外界完全失去联系
03:47
There was no cooked food餐饮.
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没有现做的食物
03:50
There was nothing up there
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没有任何
03:53
that young年轻 men男人 typically一般 like:
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年轻人可以喜欢的东西。
03:54
no cars汽车, no girls女孩, no television电视, nothing
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没车,没妞,没电视,什么都没有
03:58
except combat战斗.
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除了战争
04:00
Combat战斗 they did learn学习 to like.
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于是他们慢慢喜欢上了战争
04:04
I remember记得 one day, it was a very hot day
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我记得有次,一个大热天
04:06
in the spring弹簧,
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还是春天
04:08
and we hadn't有没有 been in a fight斗争
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当时我们都已经闲了
04:10
in a couple一对 of weeks, maybe.
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大概好几个星期了
04:13
Usually平时, the outpost前哨 was attacked袭击,
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通常,哨站会遭遇袭击
04:15
and we hadn't有没有 seen看到 any
combat战斗 in a couple一对 of weeks,
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但是当时已经有几周没有袭击了
04:18
and everyone大家 was just stunned目瞪口呆
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每个人都感到晕晕的
04:21
with boredom无聊 and heat.
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又无聊又热
04:23
And I remember记得 the lieutenant陆军中尉 walking步行 past过去 me
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然后我记得一个中尉从我身边走过
04:27
sort分类 of stripped剥离 to the waist腰部.
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光着上半身
04:29
It was incredibly令人难以置信 hot.
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因为当时太热太热了
04:31
Stripped剥离 to the waist腰部, walked past过去 me muttering咕哝,
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他光着膀子走过,说:
04:34
"Oh God, please someone有人 attack攻击 us today今天."
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“天哪,来次袭击吧。”
04:36
That's how bored无聊 they were.
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他们真是无聊到不行了
04:39
That's war战争 too, is a lieutenant陆军中尉 saying,
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但这也是战争的一部分,就像一个中尉说:
04:42
"Please make something happen发生
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“给我们点事儿干吧”
04:44
because we're going crazy."
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“我们这就要疯了”
04:46
To understand理解 that,
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要理解他们的想法
04:49
you have to, for a moment时刻,
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你必须临时
04:51
think about combat战斗 not morally道德 --
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从非道德的角度思考一下战争
04:53
that's an important重要 job工作 to do —
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这很重要
04:55
but for a moment时刻, don't think about it morally道德,
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只是临时地,不从道德的角度
04:57
think about it neurologically神经学.
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而是神经学的角度
05:00
Let's think about what happens发生 in your brain
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大家现在想一下
05:02
when you're in combat战斗.
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当你身处在战争中时,你脑子里会想些什么
05:04
First of all, the experience经验
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首先,这种经历
05:07
is very bizarre奇异的, it's a very bizarre奇异的 one.
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是很奇怪的,非常非常奇怪
05:11
It's not what I had expected预期.
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我之前从来没有想到过
05:14
Usually平时, you're not scared害怕.
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通常你不会感到害怕
05:16
I've been very scared害怕 in combat战斗,
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我曾经害怕过
05:18
but most of the time when I was out there,
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但大多数时候我在那儿
05:20
I wasn't scared害怕.
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是不感到害怕的
05:21
I was very scared害怕 beforehand预先
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去之前害怕过
05:23
and incredibly令人难以置信 scared害怕 afterwards之后,
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回来之后也后怕
05:25
and that fear恐惧 that comes afterwards之后 can last years年份.
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这种后怕能持续几年的时间
05:27
I haven't没有 been shot射击 at in six years年份,
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我已经有6年的时间没暴露在枪林弹雨细下了
05:29
and I was woken唤醒 up very abruptly突然 this morning早上
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但是今天早上我猛然的惊醒
05:32
by a nightmare恶梦 that I was being存在 strafed扫射 by aircraft飞机,
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就是因为我梦到我被战机扫射
05:35
six years年份 later后来.
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这都过了6年了
05:36
I've never even been strafed扫射 by aircraft飞机,
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我从没被战机扫射过
05:38
and I was having nightmares噩梦 about it.
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但做梦却梦到了
05:41
Time slows减缓 down.
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时间慢了下来
05:43
You get this weird奇怪的 tunnel隧道 vision视力.
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你的视角变得狭窄
05:45
You notice注意 some details细节 very, very, very accurately准确
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能异常敏锐地注意到细枝末节的事情
05:49
and other things drop下降 out.
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对其他事情置之不理
05:51
It's almost几乎 a slightly altered改变 state of mind心神.
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这种思维方式可以说起了一定的变化
05:54
What's happening事件 in your brain
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你的大脑
05:55
is you're getting得到 an enormous巨大 amount of adrenaline肾上腺素
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由于异常多的肾上腺素而受到过多刺激
05:58
pumped through通过 your system系统.
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这些刺激扩散到整个体内
06:00
Young年轻 men男人 will go to great lengths长度
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年轻人对这种刺激
06:02
to have that experience经验.
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的感受更加深刻
06:05
It's wired有线 into us.
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这种感觉输入到我们体内
06:08
It's hormonally激素 supported支持的.
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伴随着激素的作用
06:11
The mortality死亡 rate for young年轻 men男人 in society社会
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社会上,年轻男性的死亡率
06:15
is six times what it is for young年轻 women妇女
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是女性的6倍
06:18
from violence暴力 and from accidents事故,
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不管是因为暴力,还是意外
06:19
just the stupid stuff东东 that young年轻 men男人 do:
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反正就是年轻人喜欢干的那些蠢事
06:22
jumping跳跃 off of things they shouldn't不能 jump off of,
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从不该跳的地方跳了下去
06:24
lighting灯光 things on fire they shouldn't不能 light on fire,
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把不该点的东西点着了
06:26
I mean, you know what I'm talking about.
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总之你懂得
06:29
They die at six times the rate
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年轻男性的死亡率
06:31
that young年轻 women妇女 do.
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6倍于年轻女性
06:32
Statistically统计学, you are safer更安全 as a teenage青少年 boy男孩,
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从数字上来说,一个小伙子
06:36
you would be safer更安全 in the fire department
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如果呆在美国城市里的消防队
06:39
or the police警察 department in most American美国 cities城市
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或者警察局
06:41
than just walking步行 around the
streets街道 of your hometown家乡
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会比在老家的街上闲逛、
找事情干,要安全得多
06:44
looking for something to do,
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这仅仅是从数字的角度看
06:46
statistically统计学.
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06:49
You can imagine想像 how that plays播放 out in combat战斗.
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你可以想象一下如果是在战争中这是不是也是一样
06:52
At Restrepo雷斯特雷波, every一切 guy up there was almost几乎 killed杀害,
156
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在雷斯特雷波,几乎每个人都命悬一线
06:55
including包含 me,
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包括我在内
06:57
including包含 my good friend朋友 Tim蒂姆 Hetherington赫瑟林顿,
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包括我的好朋友蒂姆·赫瑟林顿
06:59
who was later后来 killed杀害 in Libya利比亚.
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他后来在利比亚牺牲了
07:02
There were guys walking步行 around
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那里的士兵
07:03
with bullet子弹 holes in their uniforms制服,
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穿着被子弹打穿的制服
07:05
rounds that had cut through通过 the fabric
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子弹打穿了布料
07:07
and didn't touch触摸 their bodies身体.
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没碰到他们的身体
07:10
I was leaning against反对 some sandbags沙包 one morning早上,
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一天早上,我靠着沙袋站在那儿
07:13
not much going on, sort分类 of spacing间距 out,
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没事可干,正想什么想得出神
07:16
and some sand was kicked into the side of,
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这时一些沙子飞起
07:20
sort分类 of hit击中 the side of my face面对.
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打在了我的侧脸上
07:23
Something hit击中 the side of my face面对,
and I didn't know what it was.
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我感觉到有东西打在我脸上,但是不知道是什么
07:25
You have to understand理解 about bullets子弹
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你应该知道子弹这玩意儿
07:26
that they go a lot faster更快 than sound声音,
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它飞起来比声音还要快
07:28
so if someone有人 shoots at you
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如果有人朝你开枪
07:30
from a few少数 hundred meters,
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射程也就几百米的话
07:32
the bullet子弹 goes by you, or hits点击 you obviously明显,
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子弹或者与你擦肩而过,或者击中你
07:35
half a second第二 or so before
the sound声音 catches渔获 up to it.
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而枪声半秒之后才会传来
07:38
So I had some sand sprayed in the side of my face面对.
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所以当我感到有沙子打到我的侧脸上时
07:40
Half a second第二 later后来, I heard听说 dut-dut-dut-dut-duhDUT-DUT-DUT式DUT咄.
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半秒之后,我听到了突突突突的枪声
07:42
It was machine gun fire.
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这是机关枪的声音
07:43
It was the first round回合, the first burst爆裂
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这是第一轮袭击
07:46
of an hour-long长达一小时 firefight交火.
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枪战维持了一个小时之久
07:49
What had happened发生 was the bullet子弹 hit击中,
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刚开始我感觉到的飞来的沙子应该是子弹溅起的
07:52
a bullet子弹 hit击中 three or four inches英寸
from the side of my head.
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这颗子弹隔着三四英尺从我脑袋边飞过
07:55
Imagine想像, just think about it, because I certainly当然 did,
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想象一下,其实我后来也的确想了
08:00
think about the angle角度 of deviation偏差 that saved保存 my life.
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就是这点偏差救了我一命
08:02
At 400 meters, it missed错过 me by three inches英寸.
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400米开外射来的子弹,3英尺的偏差,没有击中我
08:04
Just think about the math数学 on that.
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想想这些数字吧
08:09
Every一切 guy up there
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那里的每个士兵
08:11
had some experience经验 like that,
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都曾有过这样的经历
08:12
at least最小 once一旦, if not many许多 times.
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如果不是几次的话那至少也有一次
08:16
The boys男孩 are up there for a year.
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这些年轻人在那儿待了一年之后
08:18
They got back.
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然后回家
08:20
Some of them got out of the Army军队
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一些人复员之后回到家时
08:22
and had tremendous巨大 psychological心理
problems问题 when they got home.
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心理上还有严重的问题
08:24
Some of them stayed in the Army军队
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一些人继续留在军队
08:26
and were more or less okay, psychologically心理.
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心理状况稍微好些
08:29
I was particularly尤其 close to a
guy named命名 Brendan布伦丹 O'Byrne奥伯恩.
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我和一个叫布伦丹·欧博恩的小伙子走得很近
08:32
I'm still very good friends朋友 with him.
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我们现在也还是好朋友
08:34
He came来了 back to the States状态. He got out of the Army军队.
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他回到美国之后离开了部队
08:37
I had a dinner晚餐 party派对 one night.
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一次,我举办了个晚宴
08:39
I invited邀请 him,
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邀请了他
08:41
and he started开始 talking with a woman女人,
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在晚宴上他和一位女士交谈
08:45
one of my friends朋友,
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这位女士也是我的朋友
08:46
and she knew知道 how bad it had been out there,
202
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她知道战地生活的险恶
08:49
and she said, "Brendan布伦丹,
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她说:“布伦丹,
08:51
is there anything at all that you miss小姐 about
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在阿富汗打仗
08:54
being存在 out in Afghanistan阿富汗, about the war战争?"
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有没有什么让你怀恋的?”
08:58
And he thought about it quite相当 a long time,
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他想了很久
09:01
and finally最后 he said, "Ma'am女士, I miss小姐 almost几乎 all of it."
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最后说:“太太,我怀念那里所有的一切。”
09:06
And he's one of the most traumatized创伤 people
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他是我见过的经历了战争的人中
09:09
I've seen看到 from that war战争.
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受创伤最为严重的人之一
09:13
"Ma'am女士, I miss小姐 almost几乎 all of it."
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他说的这句“太太,我怀念那里所有的一切。”
09:15
What is he talking about?
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他是想表达什么呢?
09:18
He's not a psychopath精神病患者.
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他不是神经病
09:21
He doesn't miss小姐 killing谋杀 people.
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也不喜欢杀人
09:23
He's not crazy. He doesn't miss小姐 getting得到 shot射击 at
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没有疯,也不喜欢被枪击中
09:25
and seeing眼看 his friends朋友 get killed杀害.
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看到朋友牺牲
09:27
What is it that he misses错过? We have to answer回答 that.
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那他怀念的是什么?这个问题我要来回答
09:31
If we're going to stop war战争, we
have to answer回答 that question.
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如果想要阻止战争发生,我们就必须回答这个问题
09:37
I think what he missed错过 is brotherhood手足情谊.
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我认为,他怀念的是兄弟情谊
09:42
He missed错过, in some ways方法,
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从某种程度上说,他怀念的
09:44
the opposite对面 of killing谋杀.
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是杀戮的对立面
09:46
What he missed错过 was connection连接
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是他与其它士兵之间的
09:48
to the other men男人 he was with.
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联系
09:50
Now, brotherhood手足情谊 is different不同 from friendship友谊.
223
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这里,兄弟情谊不同于友谊
09:53
Friendship友谊 happens发生 in society社会, obviously明显.
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友谊多见于社会上
09:57
The more you like someone有人,
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1538
你越喜欢一个人
09:58
the more you'd be willing愿意 to do for them.
226
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你越情愿为他付出
10:00
Brotherhood手足情谊 has nothing to do
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1506
但是兄弟情谊却与
10:02
with how you feel about the other person.
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对他人的感觉无关
10:05
It's a mutual相互 agreement协议 in a group
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在一个群体中
10:08
that you will put the welfare福利 of the group,
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大家都会把整个群体的安危
10:10
you will put the safety安全 of everyone大家 in the group
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2020
他人的安危
10:12
above以上 your own拥有.
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1860
置于自己的安危之上
10:14
In effect影响, you're saying,
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实际上就相当于说
10:18
"I love these other people more than I love myself."
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”我爱其他人胜过爱自己“
10:23
Brendan布伦丹 was a team球队 leader领导
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布伦丹是一名队长
10:25
in command命令 of three men男人,
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手下有三个士兵
10:26
and the worst最差 day in Afghanistan阿富汗
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他在阿富汗经历了最惨痛的一天
10:30
He was almost几乎 killed杀害 so many许多 times.
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虽然他自己也几次险些丧生
10:33
It didn't bother him.
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但这些对他都不算什么
10:34
The worst最差 thing that happened发生 to him in Afghanistan阿富汗
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对他来说最惨痛的是
10:37
was one of his men男人 was hit击中 in the head with a bullet子弹
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他手下的一名士兵被子弹射中头部
10:39
in the helmet头盔, knocked被撞 him over.
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子弹打到了钢盔上,把他冲倒了
10:44
They thought he was dead.
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1128
大家以为他死了
10:45
It was in the middle中间 of a huge巨大 firefight交火.
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当时战事正酣
10:46
No one could deal合同 with it, and a minute分钟 later后来,
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2020
没人顾得上他,直到一分钟以后
10:48
Kyle凯尔 Steiner施泰纳 satSAT back up
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这名叫凯尔·斯坦纳的士兵坐了起来
10:51
from the dead, as it were,
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好像是复活了一样
10:52
because he'd他会 come back to consciousness意识.
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2025
因为他又恢复了知觉
10:54
The bullet子弹 had just knocked被撞 him out.
249
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1272
子弹把他震晕了
10:56
It glanced瞥了一眼 off the helmet头盔.
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钢盔替他挡住了子弹
10:58
He remembers记得 people saying,
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他记得
11:00
as he was sort分类 of half-conscious半意识,
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在他处于半清醒状态时
11:01
he remembers记得 people saying,
253
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3499
听到人们说:
11:05
"Steiner's施泰纳 been hit击中 in the head. Steiner's施泰纳 dead."
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“斯坦纳被射中了头部。斯坦纳死了。”
11:07
And he was thinking思维, "I'm not dead."
255
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他想:“我没死。”
11:08
And he satSAT up.
256
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1748
于是坐了起来
11:10
And Brendan布伦丹 realized实现 after that
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之后布伦丹意识到
11:12
that he could not protect保护 his men男人,
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自己没能保护自己的手下
11:14
and that was the only time he cried哭了 in Afghanistan阿富汗,
259
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2378
在阿富汗那么久,他第一次哭了
11:16
was realizing实现 that.
260
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2965
因为他意识到没能保护他的战士
11:19
That's brotherhood手足情谊.
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2512
这就是兄弟情谊
11:22
This wasn't invented发明 recently最近.
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这不是什么新词
11:24
Many许多 of you have probably大概 read "The Iliad伊利亚特."
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在座的应该都读过《伊利亚特》
11:27
Achilles阿喀琉斯 surely一定 would have risked冒险 his life
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阿喀琉斯宁可牺牲自己
11:29
or given特定 his life to save保存 his friend朋友 Patroclus帕特罗克洛斯.
265
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也要保护他的朋友普特罗克勒斯
11:34
In World世界 War战争 IIII, there were many许多 stories故事
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在二战期间,也有许多故事
11:36
of soldiers士兵 who were wounded负伤,
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关于受伤士兵的故事
11:40
were brought to a rear base基础 hospital醫院,
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2067
他们被送去后方战地医院
11:42
who went AWOL擅离职守,
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可是他们会逃跑
11:43
crawled out of windows视窗, slipped下滑 out doors,
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爬墙穿门
11:45
went AWOL擅离职守, wounded负伤,
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即使身负重伤
11:49
to make their way back to the front面前 lines线
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也要回到战场
11:50
to rejoin归队 their brothers兄弟 out there.
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回到战士们中间
11:53
So you think about Brendan布伦丹,
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所以想到布伦丹
11:55
you think about all these soldiers士兵
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就能想到这些战士
11:59
having an experience经验 like that, a bond like that,
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他们有着这样的经历,彼此之间建立起重要的纽带
12:01
in a small group,
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在一个小群体中
12:03
where they loved喜爱 20 other people
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关心着其他20个人
12:05
in some ways方法 more than they loved喜爱 themselves他们自己,
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胜过关心自己
12:08
you think about how good that would feel, imagine想像 it,
280
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可以想象一下这是一种怎样的经历
12:13
and they are blessed幸福 with that experience经验 for a year,
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他们有幸能有这样的经历
12:18
and then they come home,
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后来回到家中
12:19
and they are just back in society社会
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回到社会中
12:22
like the rest休息 of us are,
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像我们普通人一样
12:25
not knowing会心 who they can count计数 on,
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不知道自己可以依赖谁
12:28
not knowing会心 who loves them, who they can love,
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不知道谁关心自己,也不知道有谁值得自己关心
12:33
not knowing会心 exactly究竟 what anyone任何人 they know
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不知道那些自己熟悉的人
12:35
would do for them if it came来了 down to it.
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在自己倒下时会作何反应
12:38
That is terrifying可怕的.
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这是很恐怖的事情
12:41
Compared相比 to that,
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1990
相比之下
12:43
war战争, psychologically心理, in some ways方法, is easy简单,
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从心理上说,战争是很简单的
12:47
compared相比 to that kind of alienation异化.
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没有这种陌生感
12:50
That's why they miss小姐 it,
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这就是为什么老兵会恋战
12:51
and that's what we have to understand理解
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我们必须要理解这种陌生感
12:54
and in some ways方法 fix固定 in our society社会.
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并且尝试找到办法去回应这一问题
12:57
Thank you very much.
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谢谢大家
(掌声)
13:00
(Applause掌声)
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Translated by Danyu Zhao
Reviewed by Yuanqing Edberg

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sebastian Junger - Journalist and documentarian
The author of "The Perfect Storm" and the director of the documentaries "Restrepo" and "Korengal," Sebastian Junger tells non-fiction stories with grit and emotion.

Why you should listen

Sebastian Junger thundered onto the media landscape with his non-fiction book, The Perfect Storm. A correspondent for Vanity Fair and ABC News, Junger has covered stories all across the globe, igniting a new interest in non-fiction. One of his main interests: war.

From 2007 to 2008, Junger and photographer Tim Hetherington embedded with the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team in Afghanistan. They spent intensive time with the soldiers at the Restrepo outpost in the Korengal Valley, which saw more combat than any other part of Afghanistan. The experience became Junger's book WAR, and the documentary "Restrepo," which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary in 2011.

Junger and Hetherington planned to make a second documentary on the topic, "Korengal," meant to help soldiers and civilians alike understand the fear, courage and complexity involved in combat. It's a project that Junger decided to carry on after Hetherington was killed in Libya while covering the civil war there. Junger self-financed and released the film.

More profile about the speaker
Sebastian Junger | Speaker | TED.com