TED Residency
Jackson Bird: How to talk (and listen) to transgender people
杰克逊伯德: 如何与变性人交谈（并倾听他们）
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,537,967 views
性别一个人再平常不过的特征，但变性人仍常常受到人们的误解。杰克逊伯德为我们分享了几种看待变性的思维方式，以帮助那些在这个话题上不敢提问或怕说错话的人。在这场有趣而坦率的演说中，他澄清了一些关于 的误解。
Jackson Bird - Digital storyteller, activist
TED Resident Jackson Bird is using digital storytelling to demystify the transgender experience. Full bio
TED Resident Jackson Bird is using digital storytelling to demystify the transgender experience. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
嗨，我是杰克，
00:12
Hi, I'm Jack,
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我是变性人。
00:14
and I'm transgender.
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00:17
Let me take a guess at some of thoughts
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让我来猜猜你们
00:19
that might be running
through your head right now.
through your head right now.
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现在脑海中可能有的一些想法。
“变性？
00:21
"Transgender?
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等等，这是不是意味着他们原本是一个男人
或其实是一个女人？”
或其实是一个女人？”
00:22
Wait, does that mean that they're
actually a man or actually a woman?"
actually a man or actually a woman?"
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“我想知道他有没有做过手术…
00:25
"I wonder if he's had the surgery yet ...
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哦，我现在就在盯着他的裤裆看。
00:28
Oh, now I'm looking at his crotch.
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最好把视线转向右边
看那边就不会这么尴尬了。”
看那边就不会这么尴尬了。”
00:30
Look to the right,
that's a safe place to look."
that's a safe place to look."
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“是嘛，我就知道！
男人怎么可能有这样的屁股。”
男人怎么可能有这样的屁股。”
00:32
"Yes, I knew it!
No real man has hips like those."
No real man has hips like those."
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“我朋友的女儿也是变性人——
00:35
"My friend's daughter is transgender --
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我想他们说不定认识。”
00:36
I wonder if they know each other."
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“天哪，他好勇敢。
00:39
"Oh my gosh, he is so brave.
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我会充分尊重他使用男厕所的权利。
00:41
I would totally support his right
to use the men's bathroom.
to use the men's bathroom.
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等等，他要怎么上厕所呢？
00:44
Wait, but how does he use the bathroom?
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他要怎么做爱？”
00:46
How does he have sex?"
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好了，好了，让我们在感到不适之前
00:48
OK, OK, let's stop
those hypothetical questions
those hypothetical questions
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不要再问这些假设出的问题了。
00:51
before we get too close for my comfort.
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不要误解我，我的意思是
00:52
I mean, don't get me wrong,
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我今天到这里的确是来分享
我作为变性人的个人经历的，
我作为变性人的个人经历的，
00:54
I did come here today to share
my personal experiences being transgender,
my personal experiences being transgender,
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但我今早醒来时并没有打算
00:57
but I did not wake up this morning
wanting to tell an entire audience
wanting to tell an entire audience
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把我的性生活公之于众。
01:01
about my sex life.
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01:03
Of course, that's the problem
with being trans, right?
with being trans, right?
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虽然那的确是变性后的一个问题，是吧？
01:06
People are pretty much always
wondering how we have sex
wondering how we have sex
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人们总是想知道我们是如何做爱的，
以及这时我们所使用的工具。
01:08
and what kind of equipment
we're working with below the belt.
we're working with below the belt.
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01:12
Being trans is awkward.
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变性人的生活充满尴尬。
01:15
And not just because the gender
I was assigned at birth
I was assigned at birth
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这不仅仅是因为出生时
01:17
mismatches the one I really am.
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我就有了和自己内心不相符的性别
01:19
Being trans is awkward
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变性人的生活充满尴尬
01:20
because everyone else gets awkward
when they're around me.
when they're around me.
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因为我身边的人会因为待在我旁边而感到尴尬
01:24
People who support me and all other
trans people wholeheartedly
trans people wholeheartedly
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全心全意帮助我和其他变性人的人们
01:28
are often so scared to say to wrong thing,
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常常感到害怕，怕自己可能会说错话
01:30
so embarrassed to not know
what they think they should,
what they think they should,
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或是感到尴尬，因为有些事变性人虽未提及
01:33
that they never ask.
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他们觉得也应该考虑到
01:35
Part of what was so nerve-racking
about coming out as transgender
about coming out as transgender
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作为变性人，出柜时最伤脑筋的问题之一
01:38
was knowing that people
wouldn't know what I meant.
wouldn't know what I meant.
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就是身边的人不明白“变性人”意味着什么
01:42
And when someone comes out as gay,
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比如有人出柜，表明自己的同志身份
01:43
people know what that means,
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大家是明白这是什么意思的
01:45
but when you come out as trans,
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但当你以变性人的身份出柜时
01:46
you have to face the misconceptions
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你就不得不面对一些误会
01:48
that will color other people's
impressions of you
impressions of you
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即便你讲明白了这一切是怎么回事
01:51
even after you've educated them ...
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那些误会还是会影响人们对你的印象
01:53
And you will have to educate them.
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而你则不得不继续给他们灌输概念
01:55
When I came out,
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我出柜的时候
01:56
I wrote at 10-page encyclopedic document
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我写了一份10页长百科全书式的文档
01:58
with a zip-file attachment
of music and videos
of music and videos
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并附上了几首歌和几个视频的压缩包附件
02:01
that I sent to every
single person I came out to.
single person I came out to.
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这些东西，我给每一个我出柜的人都发了一份
02:03
(Laughter)
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【笑声】
02:04
And I kept it in my email signature
for months afterwards,
for months afterwards,
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它们在接下来的几个月
还一直保留在我电邮的签名中
还一直保留在我电邮的签名中
02:07
because you also
don't ever stop coming out.
don't ever stop coming out.
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因为向别人出柜也不是个一蹴而就的事
02:10
I came out to the accountant
helping me with my taxes
helping me with my taxes
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我还向帮我处理税务的会计
02:14
and the TSA agents who didn't know
which one of them should pat me down,
which one of them should pat me down,
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和运管局的职员出柜
后者对我搜身检查的时候
后者对我搜身检查的时候
02:17
the man or the woman.
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不知该派一名男人还是女人来
02:19
I mean, I just came out
to everyone watching this.
to everyone watching this.
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而现在我也向每一个观看这个视频的人出柜
02:23
When I came out to my dad,
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当我向我父亲出柜的时候
02:25
to my great relief, he was totally cool
with me being trans,
with me being trans,
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他接受了我是个变性人的事实
这让我松了一口气
这让我松了一口气
02:28
but as soon as I started talking
about physically transitioning,
about physically transitioning,
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但当我谈起我身体上的转变时
02:31
he freaked.
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他吓坏了
02:32
And I quickly realized it was because he,
like so many other people,
like so many other people,
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而我也立即意识到，这是因为
我的父亲和其他很多人
我的父亲和其他很多人
02:36
think that physical transition
means just one thing:
means just one thing:
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都以为身体上的转变只意味着——
02:39
the surgery.
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整形手术
02:41
Now, listen,
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那么现在，听好了
02:42
if there were one magical surgery
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如果真有这样一个神奇的手术
02:44
that could turn me into a tall, muscular,
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能让我一夜间变成一个又高又壮
02:47
societally perfect image
of a man overnight,
of a man overnight,
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符合大众审美的型男
02:50
I'd sign up in a heartbeat.
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我会心动，也会行动
02:52
Unfortunately, it isn't that simple.
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不巧的是，这一切并没有这么简单
02:54
There are dozens of different
gender-affirming surgeries
gender-affirming surgeries
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有各式各样的性别认定手术
02:57
from chest surgeries to bottom surgeries
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如胸部和臀部手术
03:00
to facial feminization and man-sculpting.
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又如面部女性化手术和塑形手术
03:03
Many trans people will only ever undergo
one procedure in their lifetime, if that.
one procedure in their lifetime, if that.
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很多变性人一生也只做过这些手术中的一项
03:07
Maybe because they don't
personally feel the need
personally feel the need
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可能是因为他们觉得自己没有那种需要
03:10
but also because they're expensive,
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亦或是手术本身的价格实在太高
03:12
and health insurance
is only beginning to cover them.
is only beginning to cover them.
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而健康保险远不足以供应这样的开销
03:15
Instead, the first step for a trans person
seeking physical transition
seeking physical transition
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因此，变性人群做的第一个手术
03:19
is usually hormone replacement therapy.
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往往是性激素替代手术
03:22
Hormones are why I have a deeper voice
and some sparse whiskers on my neck
and some sparse whiskers on my neck
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雄性激素让我得以拥有低沉的声音、
脖子上稀疏的胡子
脖子上稀疏的胡子
03:26
and a giant pimple on my chin.
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和脸上这么大的青春痘
03:29
Basically, they put you
through a second puberty ...
through a second puberty ...
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这基本上就是让你再度品尝青春期的滋味——
03:32
it's a blast.
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一场灾难
03:33
(Laughter)
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【笑声】
03:34
Now, because our transitions
are slower and steadier
are slower and steadier
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与曾经人们的误解不同的是
03:38
than historic misconceptions
can lead people to believe,
can lead people to believe,
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如今，转性别的过程缓慢而稳定
03:40
there can be some confusion
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这让人们在称呼一个变性人的名字和绰号的时候
03:42
about when to call someone
by their new name and pronouns.
by their new name and pronouns.
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容易存在困惑
03:45
There's no distinct point
in physical transition
in physical transition
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在一个变性的过程中，并不存在
03:48
at which a trans person
becomes their true gender.
becomes their true gender.
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一个人真正转成另一种性别的时间点
03:51
As soon as they tell you
their new name and pronouns,
their new name and pronouns,
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但当他们告诉你他们的新名和新绰号后
03:53
that's when you start using them.
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你在就该这么称呼他们了
03:55
It can be difficult to make the change.
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这样的改变的确可能比较难以做到
03:57
You might slip up here and there;
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你仍可能会不断地叫错
03:59
I've slipped up myself
with other trans people.
with other trans people.
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我就曾经叫错其他变性人的名字
04:01
But I always think to myself,
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但我常常这样想
04:03
if we can change from calling
Puff Daddy to P. Diddy,
Puff Daddy to P. Diddy,
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若是我们能改叫帕夫·达迪为P·蒂迪
04:06
and if we apologize profusely
when we've used the wrong gender pronoun
when we've used the wrong gender pronoun
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并且在叫错他们宠物猫的名字后
04:10
for someone's pet cat --
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诚挚地向他们道歉——
04:13
I mean, I think we can make
the same effort
the same effort
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我的意思是，我认为我们可以
04:15
for the real humans in our lives.
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为生活中活生生的人们共同做出努力
04:17
Now, there is no topic that makes other
people more awkward about trans people
people more awkward about trans people
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如今，让大家对变性人最为尴尬、自愧的
04:22
than public bathrooms.
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就是公共厕所
04:25
Ah, the bathrooms --
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唉，公共厕所——
04:26
the latest political flash point
for LGBT opponents.
for LGBT opponents.
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它是反LGBT人群在政治上最新的暴击点
04:29
Here's a fun fact about bathrooms:
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这儿有个关于公厕的有趣的事实
04:31
more US congressmen have been convicted
of assaulting someone in a public bathroom
of assaulting someone in a public bathroom
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国会议员中被指在公厕殴打他人的人数
04:35
than trans people have been.
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都比有这样做的变性人多
04:37
(Laughter)
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【笑声】
04:39
The truth is we trans people are so much
more scared of you than you are of us.
more scared of you than you are of us.
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事实就是相较于你们对变性人的恐惧
我们更怕你们
我们更怕你们
04:43
It's a huge point of discussion
in trans communities
in trans communities
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变性人群社区中有这样激烈的讨论
04:46
about which bathroom
to start using and when,
to start using and when,
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变性人该使用哪个厕所，何时起要这么做
04:48
so we don't attract attention
that could lead to violence against us.
that could lead to violence against us.
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才能让我们少招人耳目一些
以免发生反对我们自己的暴力行为
以免发生反对我们自己的暴力行为
04:51
I personally started using the men's room
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自从我在女厕所
04:53
when I started getting confused
and frightened looks in the women's room,
and frightened looks in the women's room,
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受到迷惑而恐惧的目光的时候
我便开始用男厕所了
我便开始用男厕所了
04:58
even though I was petrified
to start going into the men's room.
to start going into the men's room.
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尽管刚开始上男厕的时候我还有些害怕
05:01
And often we opt to just
not go to the bathroom at all.
not go to the bathroom at all.
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而通常的情况下我们干脆就不去公厕了
05:03
A 2015 national survey of trans people
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2015年一项全国变性人调查
05:06
found that eight percent of us
had had a urinary tract infection
had had a urinary tract infection
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显示去年有百分之八的变性人
05:09
in the past year
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患有尿路感染
05:10
as a result of avoiding restrooms.
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而其起因就是有有避免使用公共厕所
05:13
These bathroom bills
aren't protecting anyone.
aren't protecting anyone.
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现有对公厕的法案没有保障任何人的权利
05:16
All they're doing
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其存在的意义
05:17
is ensuring that when trans people
are assaulted in bathrooms,
are assaulted in bathrooms,
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仅仅是保证在变性人在厕所里受到攻击时
05:21
the law will no longer be on our side
when we report it.
when we report it.
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我们将其上报也不会得到法律的支持
05:25
Being trans means a daily onslaught
of these misconceptions.
of these misconceptions.
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变性人每天都要受到这些误解的打击
05:31
And I have it pretty easy.
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而我所面对的已经算是轻松的了
05:33
I am a white, able-bodied guy
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因为我是一个白人，一个身体健全的男人
05:35
sitting nearly at the peak
of privilege mountain.
of privilege mountain.
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可以说我享有最多的权利和保障
05:39
For non-binary people,
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对于双性人
05:41
for trans women,
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变性女人
05:43
for trans people of color,
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有色变性人
05:45
it is so much harder.
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这一切会更加艰难
05:48
So I've given you a starter pack
of trans knowledge
of trans knowledge
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所以我给你们介绍了一些跨性别的入门知识
05:51
that I hope will lead
to more learning on your own.
to more learning on your own.
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我希望它能让你们自己去了解更多
05:55
Talk to trans people.
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和变性人交谈
05:57
Listen to us.
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倾听我们
05:59
Amplify our voices.
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也让更多的人听到我们的声音
06:01
Take the heat off of us
and educate those around you
and educate those around you
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不要让我们这样引人注目
而是让你们身边的人了解我们
而是让你们身边的人了解我们
06:04
so we don't have to every time.
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这样我们或许就可以卸下心里的重担
06:06
Maybe someday, when I say,
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也许在将来的某一天，当我跟别人打招呼
06:09
"Hi, I'm Jack, and I'm transgender,"
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“嗨，我是杰克，我是变性人，”
06:12
the only response I'll get is,
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我收到的回应将只会是
06:14
"Hi, nice to meet you."
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“嗨，很高兴见到你。”
06:18
Thank you.
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谢谢
06:19
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jackson Bird - Digital storyteller, activistTED Resident Jackson Bird is using digital storytelling to demystify the transgender experience.
Why you should listen
After publicly coming out as transgender in 2015, Jackson Bird has been committed to amplifying the voices of transgender people and breaking down the stigma attached to their experiences. He shares the stories of fellow transgender people on his podcast, Transmission, as well as on his ongoing YouTube series, "Queerstory."
Bird is also known for his work with the Harry Potter Alliance (HPA), a nonprofit that activates online fan communities towards social action. A 2017 TED Resident and 2016 YouTube NextUp Creator, Bird was also a 2015 LogoTV Social Trailblazer nominee and hailed by MTV as a "Social Media Warrior Who Helped Restore Our Faith in 2016."
Jackson is currently a Craig Newmark Organizer-In-Residence at Civic Hall and runs the monthly LGBTQIA+ Creators Group at YouTube Space NY. He currently lives in New York City.
Jackson Bird | Speaker | TED.com