TED2010
Carter Emmart: A 3D atlas of the universe
Carter Emmart 展示3D宇宙全圖
Filmed:
Readability: 4.6
1,985,018 views
在過去的12年裡，Carter Emmart 一直致力於協調科學家、藝術家和程序員的工作，共同建構一個我們已知宇宙的完整3D視圖。他在此展示了這個精彩的計劃并闡釋了它是如何迅速地為大家所共享。
Carter Emmart - Scientist, Artist
Carter Emmart uses astronomy and computational modeling to create scientifically accurate, three-dimensional tours of our universe. Full bio
Carter Emmart uses astronomy and computational modeling to create scientifically accurate, three-dimensional tours of our universe. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
It's a great honor today
0
0
2000
今天非常榮幸
00:17
to share with you
1
2000
2000
和大家分享
00:19
The Digital Universe,
2
4000
2000
數字化宇宙
00:21
which was created for humanity
3
6000
2000
它的誕生是為了讓全人類
00:23
to really see where we are
4
8000
2000
能夠真實地看到我們
00:25
in the universe.
5
10000
3000
在宇宙中的位置。
00:28
And so I think we can roll the video that we have.
6
13000
2000
因此我們現在就可以看看這個視頻。
00:30
[The Himalayas.]
7
15000
3000
[喜馬拉雅山脈]
00:33
(Music)
8
18000
2000
（音樂）
00:35
The flat horizon that we've evolved with
9
20000
3000
Carter Emmart旁白：一直以來我們所感受到的地平線
00:38
has been a metaphor for the
10
23000
2000
恰似一個隱喻
00:40
infinite: unbounded resources
11
25000
2000
認為人有無窮無盡的資源
00:42
and unlimited capacity
12
27000
2000
無限的能力
00:44
for disposal of waste.
13
29000
3000
可以無節制地丟棄垃圾。
00:47
It wasn't until we really
14
32000
2000
直到我們真正地
00:49
left Earth,
15
34000
2000
離開地球，
00:51
got above the atmosphere
16
36000
2000
到達大氣層之上，
00:53
and had seen the horizon
17
38000
2000
看到這個地平線
00:55
bend back on itself,
18
40000
3000
彎曲成一個球，
00:58
that we could understand our planet
19
43000
2000
我們才會意識到我們的星球
01:00
as a limited condition.
20
45000
3000
是有限的。
01:04
The Digital Universe Atlas
21
49000
3000
數字化宇宙圖
01:09
has been built
22
54000
2000
構建於
01:11
at the American Museum of Natural History
23
56000
3000
美國自然歷史博物館
01:14
over the past 12 years.
24
59000
3000
已走過12個年頭。
01:17
We maintain that,
25
62000
2000
我們堅持不懈
01:19
put that together
26
64000
2000
積思廣益
01:21
as a project
27
66000
2000
令這個項目
01:23
to really chart the universe
28
68000
2000
可以真實地繪製出
01:25
across all scales.
29
70000
2000
各種比例下的宇宙。
01:29
What we see here are satellites around the Earth
30
74000
3000
這裡我們看到的是環繞地球的衛星，
01:32
and the Earth in proper registration
31
77000
3000
以及地球在整個宇宙中的
01:35
against the universe, as we see.
32
80000
3000
恰當位置。
01:42
NASA supported this work
33
87000
2000
NASA支持這項工作
01:44
12 years ago
34
89000
3000
已長達12年，
01:47
as part of the rebuilding
35
92000
2000
將其作為重建
01:49
of the Hayden Planetarium
36
94000
2000
海登天文館的一部份
01:51
so that we would share this with the world.
37
96000
3000
因而我們可以和全世界分享這個成果。
01:54
The Digital Universe is the basis
38
99000
2000
數字化宇宙基本上就是
01:56
of our space show productions that we do --
39
101000
2000
我們的空間展示節目，
01:58
our main space shows in the dome.
40
103000
3000
其播放的空間是個穹頂大廳。
02:01
But what you see here
41
106000
2000
但是你在這裡看到的
02:03
is the result of, actually, internships
42
108000
2000
事實上是實習計劃的成果
02:05
that we hosted with Linkoping University
43
110000
3000
即我們在Linkoping大學的一個項目
02:08
in Sweden.
44
113000
2000
在瑞典。
02:10
I've had 12 students work on this
45
115000
3000
我有12個學生為這個項目工作
02:13
for their graduate work,
46
118000
2000
這也是他們的研究生課題。
02:15
and the result has been this software called Uniview
47
120000
3000
成果就是這個成為“全宇視野”的軟件
02:18
and a company called SCISS in Sweden.
48
123000
3000
以及在瑞典成立的公司，叫SCISS。
02:22
This software
49
127000
2000
這個軟件
02:24
allows interactive use,
50
129000
3000
允許交互使用。
02:27
so this actual flight path
51
132000
2000
所以這道飛行軌跡
02:29
and movie that we see here
52
134000
2000
以及我們這裡看到的所有影像
02:31
was actually flown live.
53
136000
2000
都是真實發生過的。
02:33
I captured this live from my laptop
54
138000
3000
我從我的筆記本電腦上捕捉到這個真實片段
02:36
in a cafe called Earth Matters
55
141000
3000
就在一個叫“地球很重要”的咖啡館裡，
02:39
on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, where I live,
56
144000
3000
位於曼哈頓的下東部，也就是我住的地方。
02:42
and it was done
57
147000
2000
所以
02:44
as a collaborative project
58
149000
2000
這是一個多方合作的計劃
02:46
with the Rubin Museum of Himalayan Art
59
151000
3000
會同（紐約的）魯賓喜馬拉雅藝術博物館
02:49
for an exhibit
60
154000
3000
聯合展出
02:52
on comparative cosmology.
61
157000
3000
主題是比較宇宙學。
02:56
And so as we move out,
62
161000
2000
就這樣，當我們從地球出發
02:58
we see continuously from our planet
63
163000
3000
從地球不斷
03:01
all the way out into the realm of galaxies, as we see here,
64
166000
3000
看向宇宙的各個方向，正如這裡所展示的，
03:04
light-travel time, giving you a sense of how far away we are.
65
169000
3000
光速可以讓你感受到現在距地球有多遙遠。
03:09
As we move out,
66
174000
2000
當我們繼續前進，
03:11
the light from these distant galaxies
67
176000
2000
來自這些 遙遠星系的光
03:13
have taken so long,
68
178000
2000
已經走了非常遠，
03:15
we're essentially backing up into the past.
69
180000
3000
我們其實是在跟進這些光的過去。
03:18
We back so far up
70
183000
2000
當我們越跟越近，
03:20
we're finally seeing a containment around us --
71
185000
3000
最終我們會看到被一個容器所包圍——
03:23
the afterglow of the Big Bang.
72
188000
2000
就是宇宙大爆炸的余輝。
03:25
This is the WMAP
73
190000
2000
也就是W圖，
03:27
microwave background
74
192000
2000
微波背景
03:29
that we see.
75
194000
2000
就如我們現在所見。
03:31
We'll fly outside it here, just to see this sort of containment.
76
196000
3000
現在我們將飛越它，就會看到這個容器。
03:34
If we were outside this,
77
199000
2000
如果我們跳到這個背景之外，
03:36
it would almost be meaningless, in the sense as before time.
78
201000
3000
那幾乎是無意義的，所謂在時間開始之前。
03:39
But this our containment of the visible universe.
79
204000
3000
但是這就是我們可見宇宙的邊界。
03:42
We know the universe is bigger than that which we can see.
80
207000
2000
我們知道宇宙要比我們所能看到的大得多。
03:44
Coming back quickly,
81
209000
2000
迅速回到地球，
03:46
we see here the radio sphere that we jumped out of in the beginning,
82
211000
3000
這裡是我們最先出發的無線電波區域
03:49
but these are positions,
83
214000
2000
但是這些位置，
03:51
the latest positions of exoplanets
84
216000
3000
是最新的太陽系外行星
03:54
that we've mapped,
85
219000
2000
我們已經製作到圖中。
03:56
and our sun here, obviously, with our own solar system.
86
221000
3000
顯然這裡是我們的太陽和太陽系。
04:01
What you're going to see -- we're going to have to jump in here pretty quickly
87
226000
3000
你們即將看到的——這裡必須快速跳躍
04:04
between several orders of magnitude
88
229000
2000
透過不同量級的尺度
04:06
to get down to where we see the solar system --
89
231000
2000
看我們的太陽系。
04:08
these are the paths of
90
233000
2000
這些飛行軌跡屬於
04:10
Voyager 1, Voyager 2, Pioneer 11 and Pioneer 10,
91
235000
3000
旅行者1號，旅行者2號，先鋒11號和先鋒10號，
04:13
the first four spacecraft to have left the solar system.
92
238000
3000
最早離開太陽系的四艘宇宙飛船。
04:18
Coming in closer,
93
243000
2000
再靠近些，
04:20
picking up Earth,
94
245000
3000
看看地球。
04:24
orbit of the Moon, and we see the Earth.
95
249000
3000
在月球的運行軌道上，我們看地球。
04:30
This map can be updated,
96
255000
3000
這張圖是可以更新的。
04:33
and we can add in new data.
97
258000
2000
我們可以添加新數據。
04:35
I know Dr. Carolyn Porco is the camera P.I.
98
260000
2000
我知道Carolyn Porco 博士是
04:37
for the Cassini mission.
99
262000
2000
卡西尼計劃的成像系統的首席研究員。
04:39
But here we see the complex trajectory
100
264000
2000
但是這裡我們看到的複雜軌道
04:41
of the Cassini mission
101
266000
2000
屬於整個卡西尼計劃，
04:43
color coded for different mission phases,
102
268000
2000
不同的顏色區分了該計劃的不同階段，
04:45
ingeniously developed so that
103
270000
2000
該計劃的推進極其精密巧妙，
04:47
45 encounters with the largest moon, Titan,
104
272000
2000
它45次與土星的最大衛星泰坦相遇，
04:49
which is larger that the planet Mercury,
105
274000
2000
泰坦甚至大過水星，
04:51
diverts the orbit into different parts of mission phase.
106
276000
3000
它把泰坦的運行軌跡劃分為該計劃的不同階段。
04:56
This software allows us to come close
107
281000
2000
這套軟件讓我們能更靠近
04:58
and look at parts of this.
108
283000
3000
觀察這些不同部份。
05:01
This software can also be networked between domes.
109
286000
3000
它還可以在不同的天文館間聯網使用。
05:04
We have a growing user base of this,
110
289000
2000
我們的基礎用戶群還在擴大。
05:06
and we network domes.
111
291000
2000
我們連接起這些天幕。
05:08
And we can network between domes and classrooms.
112
293000
3000
而且我們還能讓天幕和教室聯網。
05:12
We're actually sharing tours of the universe
113
297000
3000
我們的宇宙之旅可以在多處同時展開，
05:15
with the first sub-Saharan
114
300000
2000
無論是撒哈拉以南的第一座天文館
05:17
planetarium in Ghana
115
302000
2000
加納的天文館
05:19
as well as
116
304000
2000
還有
05:21
new libraries that have been built
117
306000
2000
建在哥倫比亞貧民窟的
05:23
in the ghettos in Columbia
118
308000
2000
新圖書館，
05:25
and a high school
119
310000
2000
以及柬埔寨的
05:27
in Cambodia.
120
312000
2000
某所中學。
05:29
And the Cambodians have
121
314000
2000
而且柬埔寨的同學們
05:31
actually controlled the Hayden Planetarium from their high school.
122
316000
3000
確實可以從他們的學校控制海登天文館。
05:35
This is an image from Saturday,
123
320000
2000
這是星期六拍攝的一副圖像，
05:37
photographed by the Aqua satellite, but through the Uniview software.
124
322000
3000
透過Aqua衛星（NASA的多國科學衛星），但是用的是“全宇視野”軟件。
05:40
So you're seeing the edge of the Earth.
125
325000
2000
所以這裡看到的是地球的邊緣。
05:42
This is Nepal.
126
327000
2000
這是尼泊爾。
05:44
This is, in fact, right here is the valley of Lhasa,
127
329000
3000
這裡事實上是拉薩谷地，
05:47
right here in Tibet.
128
332000
3000
就位於西藏。
05:50
But we can see the haze
129
335000
2000
但是我們能看到迷霧
05:52
from fires and so forth in the Ganges valley
130
337000
2000
來自恒河谷地燃燒的火等等，
05:54
down below in India.
131
339000
2000
就在印度的南部。
05:56
This is Nepal and Tibet.
132
341000
3000
這裡是尼泊爾和西藏。
06:00
And just in closing,
133
345000
3000
最後，
06:03
I'd just like to say this beautiful world that we live on --
134
348000
3000
我想說，我們居住的這個美麗的星球——
06:08
here we see a bit of the snow
135
353000
2000
這裡能看到些積雪，
06:10
that some of you may have had to brave in coming out --
136
355000
3000
在座有人可能曾經勇敢地到達過那裡。
06:15
so I'd like to just say
137
360000
2000
我只是想說，
06:17
that what the world needs now
138
362000
2000
現在這個世界所需要的
06:19
is a sense of being able to
139
364000
2000
是讓我們能夠
06:21
look at ourselves in this much larger condition now
140
366000
3000
像這樣從更大的背景回望我們自己，
06:24
and a much larger sense of what home is.
141
369000
3000
從更廣大的空間看看我們的家園。
06:27
Because our home is the universe,
142
372000
2000
因為我們的家就是宇宙，
06:29
and we are the universe, essentially.
143
374000
2000
根本上來說我們就是宇宙。
06:31
We carry that in us.
144
376000
2000
宇宙就蘊含在我們中。
06:33
And to be able to see our context
145
378000
3000
能夠看到我們身處的宇宙
06:36
in this larger sense at all scales
146
381000
3000
以各種更大的尺度來看，
06:39
helps us all, I think, in understanding
147
384000
2000
我認為有助于讓我們理解
06:41
where we are and who we are in the universe.
148
386000
2000
在宇宙中，我們在哪裡，我們是誰。
06:43
Thank you.
149
388000
2000
謝謝大家。
06:45
(Applause)
150
390000
4000
（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Carter Emmart - Scientist, ArtistCarter Emmart uses astronomy and computational modeling to create scientifically accurate, three-dimensional tours of our universe.
Why you should listen
As the Director of Astrovisualization at the American Museum of Natural History, Carter Emmart directs their groundbreaking space shows and heads up development of an interactive 3D atlas called The Digital Universe. He coordinates scientists, programmers and artists to produce scientifically accurate yet visually stunning and immersive space experiences in the AMNH’s Hayden Planetarium. Over the last decade, he has directed four shows: Passport to the Universe, The Search for Life: Are we Alone?, Cosmic Collisions and Journey to the Stars.
Emmart’s interest in space began early, and at ten he was taking astronomy courses in the old Hayden. As a child born into a family of artists, he naturally combined his love of science with his tendency for visualization. His first work was in architectural modeling, soon moving on to do scientific visualization for NASA and the National Center for Atmospheric Research, before joining the AMNH.
Carter Emmart | Speaker | TED.com