TED2007
Gever Tulley: 5 dangerous things you should let your kids do
Gever Tulley o 5 opasnih stvari za djecu
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Gever Tulley, osnivač Tinkering škole, govori o pet opasnih stvari koje bi trebali dopustiti svojoj djeci da rade. Sa TED Sveučilišta 2007.
Gever Tulley - Tinkerer
The founder of the Tinkering School, Gever Tulley likes to build things with kids. Full bio
The founder of the Tinkering School, Gever Tulley likes to build things with kids. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Welcome to "Five Dangerous Things You Should Let Your Children Do."
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Dobrodošli u ¨Pet opasnih stvari koje bi trebali dopustiti svojoj djeci da rade¨.
00:18
I don't have children.
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Ja nemam djece.
00:20
I borrow my friends' children, so
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Posuđujem djecu od prijatelja.
00:22
(Laughter)
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(smijeh)
00:26
take all this advice with a grain of salt.
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Uzmite sve ove savjete sa velikom rezervom.
00:28
I'm Gever Tulley.
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Ja sam Gever Tulley.
00:31
I'm a contract computer scientist by trade,
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Informatičar sam po struci,
00:35
but I'm the founder of something called the Tinkering School.
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ali sam i osnivač nečega sto se zove Tinkering škola.
00:40
It's a summer program which aims to help kids to learn
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To je ljetni program kojemu je cilj pomoći djeci da nauče
00:43
how to build the things that they think of.
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izgraditi stvari koje si zamisle.
00:46
So we build a lot of things.
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Tako da gradimo mnogo stvari.
00:48
And I do put power tools into the hands of second-graders.
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Ja stavljam električne aparate u ruke učenika drugog razreda.
00:51
So if you're thinking about sending your kid to Tinkering School,
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Ako mislite poslati vaše dijete u Tinkering školu,
00:55
they do come back bruised, scraped and bloody.
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morate znati da se oni vraćaju s modricama, ogrebeni i krvavi.
01:00
So, you know, we live in a world
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Dakle, mi živimo u svijetu
01:02
that's subjected to ever more stringent child safety regulations.
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koji je sve više podvrgnut sve strožim propisima o sigurnosti djece.
01:06
There doesn't seem to be any limit on how crazy
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Čini se da nema granice u ludosti
01:12
child safety regulations can get.
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propisa o dječjoj sigurnosti.
01:14
We put suffocation warnings on all the -- on every piece of plastic film
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Stavljamo upozorenja na sve- na svaki dio plastike
01:19
manufactured in the United States or for sale
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proizveden u SAD-u
01:21
with an item in the United States.
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ili za prodaju u SAD-u.
01:23
We put warnings on coffee cups to tell us
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Stavljamo upozorenja na šalice za kavu koja nam govore
01:26
that the contents may be hot.
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da bi sadržaj šalice mogao biti vruć.
01:29
And we seem to think that any item
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I čini se da mislimo da je svaka stvar
01:33
sharper than a golf ball is too sharp
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koja je oštrija od loptice za golf preoštra
01:35
for children under the age of 10.
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za djecu mlađu od 10 godina.
01:37
So where does this trend stop?
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Gdje ovaj trend prestaje?
01:41
When we round every corner and eliminate every sharp object,
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Kada zaokružimo svaki ugao i uklonimo svaki oštri predmet,
01:46
every pokey bit in the world,
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sve šiljasto na svijetu,
01:49
then the first time that kids come in contact with anything sharp
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djeca će se povrijediti kada prvi put dođu u kontakt s nečim oštrim
01:53
or not made out of round plastic,
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ili nečime što nije napravljeno
01:56
they'll hurt themselves with it.
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od okrugle plastike.
01:59
So, as the boundaries of what we determine as the safety zone
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Dakle, kako se granice onoga što smo mi odredili kao zonu sigurnosti
02:05
grow ever smaller, we cut off our children from valuable opportunities
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smanjuju, tako oduzimamo svojoj djeci vrijedna iskustva
02:11
to learn how to interact with the world around them.
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o tome kako se odnositi prema svijetu oko sebe.
02:14
And despite all of our best efforts and intentions,
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I unatoč svim našim nastojanjima i trudu,
02:18
kids are always going to figure out
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djeca će uvijek pronaći način da
02:19
how to do the most dangerous thing they can,
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naprave najopasniju stvar koju mogu,
02:22
in whatever environment they can.
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u bilo kojoj okolini.
02:25
So despite the provocative title, this presentation is really about safety
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Unatoč provokativnom nazivu, ova prezentacija zapravo govori o sigurnosti i
02:32
and about some simple things that we can do
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o nekim jednostavnim stvarima koje možemo učiniti
02:36
to raise our kids to be creative, confident
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da odgojimo svoju djecu da budu kreativna, samopouzdana
02:42
and in control of the environment around them.
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i da se snalaze u okolišu oko sebe.
02:45
And what I now present to you is an excerpt from a book in progress.
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Ono što vam sad predstavljam je isječak iz knjige u procesu izrade.
02:51
The book is called "50 Dangerous Things."
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Knjiga se zove „50 opasnih stvari“.
02:53
This is five dangerous things.
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Ovo su 5 opasnih stvari.
02:55
Thing number one -- play with fire.
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Stvar broj jedan - igranje s vatrom.
02:58
Learning to control one of the most elemental forces in nature
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Naučiti kako kontrolirati jednu od elementarnih sila prirode
03:03
is a pivotal moment in any child's personal history.
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važan je trenutak u dječjoj osobnoj povijesti.
03:07
Whether we remember it or not,
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Pamtili mi to ili ne, to je-
03:09
it's a -- it's the first time we really get
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-to je prvi put kada mi stvarno
03:12
control of one of these mysterious things.
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kontroliramo jednu od tih misterioznih stvari.
03:15
These mysteries are only revealed
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Ti misteriji otkriveni su
03:17
to those who get the opportunity to play with it.
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samo onima koji dobiju priliku igrati se s njima.
03:19
So, playing with fire.
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Dakle, igranje s vatrom.
03:22
This is like one of the great things we ever discovered, fire.
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To je jedna od najvećih stvari koje smo otkrili, vatra.
03:28
From playing with it, they learn some basic principles about fire,
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Igrajući se s njom, (djeca) uče osnovne stvari o vatri,
03:31
about intake, about combustion, about exhaust.
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o potpaljivanju, izgaranju, gašenju.
03:35
These are the three working elements of fire
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To su tri osnovna elementa vatre
03:37
that you have to have to have a good controlled fire.
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koja morate imati da biste imali dobro kontroliranu vatru.
03:40
And you can think of the open-pit fire as a laboratory.
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O vatri na otvorenom možete misliti kao o laboratoriju.
03:45
You don't know what they're going to learn from playing with it.
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Vi ne znate sto će oni naučiti igrajući se s njom.
03:47
You know, let them fool around with it on their own terms and trust me,
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Znate, pustite ih da se igraju s njom pod svojim uvjetima i vjerujte mi,
03:53
they're going to learn things
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naučit će stvari koje
03:55
that you can't get out of playing with Dora the Explorer toys.
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ne mogu naučiti gledajući Doru istražiteljicu.
04:01
Number two -- own a pocketknife.
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Broj dva- posjedujte džepni nožić,
04:04
Pocketknives are kind of drifting out of our cultural consciousness,
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džepni nožići polako odlaze iz naše kulturne svijesti,
04:09
which I think is a terrible thing.
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što smatram jako lošom stvari.
04:11
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:15
Your first -- your first pocketknife is like the first universal tool that you're given.
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Vaš prvi - vaš prvi džepni nožić prvi je univerzalni alat koji ste dobili.
04:20
You know, it's a spatula, it's a pry bar,
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Znate, lopatica,
04:23
it's a screwdriver and it's a blade.
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poluga i oštrica.
04:26
And it's a -- it's a powerful and empowering tool.
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To je – snažan i moćan alat.
04:31
And in a lot of cultures they give knives --
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U mnogim kulturama daju noževe -
04:34
like, as soon as they're toddlers they have knives.
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dok su još mala, djeca imaju noževe.
04:36
These are Inuit children cutting whale blubber.
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To su djeca Inuita koja režu kitovu mast.
04:40
I first saw this in a Canadian Film Board film when I was 10,
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To sam prvi put vidio u filmu Kanadskog odbora za film kada sam imao 10 godina
04:44
and it left a lasting impression, to see babies playing with knives.
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i to je ostavilo trajni dojam na mene, gledanje djece kako se igraju noževima.
04:48
And it shows that kids can develop an extended sense of self
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To pokazuje da djeca mogu razviti svijest o sebi
04:52
through a tool at a very young age.
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koristeći alat u ranim godinama života.
04:54
You lay down a couple of very simple rules --
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Postavite nekoliko jednostavnih pravila -
04:57
always cut away from your body, keep the blade sharp, never force it
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uvijek režite od svog tijela, držite oštricu oštrom, nikad je ne silite -
05:02
-- and these are things kids can understand and practice with.
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i to su tri stvari koje djeca mogu razumjeti i vježbati u skladu s tim.
05:05
And yeah, they're going to cut themselves.
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I da, porezat će se.
05:06
I have some terrible scars on my legs from where I stabbed myself.
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Imam straše ožiljke po nogama gdje sam se ubo.
05:10
But you know, they're young. They heal fast.
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Ali, znate, mladi su. Brzo zacjeljuju.
05:12
(Laughter)
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(smijeh)
05:16
Number three -- throw a spear.
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Broj tri - bacanje koplja.
05:19
It turns out that our brains are actually wired for throwing things
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Ispada da su naši mozgovi zapravo ¨navijeni¨ za bacanje stvari i,
05:23
and, like muscles, if you don't use parts of your brain,
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kao mišići, ako ne koristite te dijelove mozga
05:28
they tend to atrophy over time.
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oni atrofiraju nakon određenog vremena.
05:31
But when you exercise them,
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Ali kada ih vježbate,
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any given muscle adds strength to the whole system
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svaki mišić daje snagu cijelom organizmu
05:36
and that applies to your brain too.
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i to se odnosi i na mozak također.
05:39
So practicing throwing things has been shown to
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Dakle, bacanje stvari pokazalo se
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stimulate the frontal and parietal lobes,
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stimulirajućim za frontalni i parentalni režanj,
05:46
which have to do with visual acuity, 3D understanding,
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koji imaju veze s vidnom oštrinom, razumijevanjem treće dimenzije
05:51
and structural problem solving, so it gives a sense --
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i rješavanjem problemskih zadataka, tako da daju smisao -
05:56
it helps develop their visualization skills and their predictive ability.
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to pomaže razvoju njihovih vizualizacijskih vještina i predviđačke sposobnosti.
06:01
And throwing is a combination of analytical and physical skill,
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Bacanje je kombinacija analitičke i fizičke vještine,
06:06
so it's very good for that kind of whole-body training.
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tako da je jako dobro za vježbanje cijeloga tijela.
06:10
These kinds of target-based practice also
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Ovakve vježbe
06:16
helps kids develop attention and concentration skills.
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pomažu djeci u razvijanju pozornosti i koncentracije.
06:21
So those are great.
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Dakle, odlične su.
06:23
Number four -- deconstruct appliances.
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Broj četiri - rastavljanje kućanskih aparata.
06:27
There is a world of interesting things inside your dishwasher.
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Cijeli se svijet zanimljivih stvari nalazi u vašoj perilici za suđe.
06:31
Next time you're about to throw out an appliance, don't throw it out.
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Sljedeći put kad budete htjeli baciti aparat, nemojte.
06:36
Take it apart with your kid, or send him to my school
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Rastavite ga zajedno sa svojim djetetom, ili ga pošaljite u moju školu
06:39
and we'll take it apart with them.
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pa ćemo ga zajedno rastaviti.
06:41
Even if you don't know what the parts are,
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Čak i ako ne znate dijelove,
06:43
puzzling out what they might be for
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razmišljati čemu služe
06:46
is a really good practice for the kids
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može biti jako dobra vježba za djecu
06:49
to get sort of the sense that they can take things apart,
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da stvore predodžbu da mogu rastaviti stvari,
06:55
and no matter how complex they are,
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i bez obzira koliko komplicirane bile,
06:57
they can understand parts of them and that means that eventually,
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da mogu razumjeti njihove dijelove i da ih s vremenom
07:01
they can understand all of them.
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mogu razumjeti u potpunosti.
07:03
It's a sense of knowability, that something is knowable.
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To je osjećaj znanja, da nešto može biti spoznato.
07:07
So these black boxes that we live with and take for granted
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Dakle, te crne su kutije s kojima živimo i uzimamo ih zdravo za gotovo
07:10
are actually complex things made by other people
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zapravo složene stvari koje su napravili drugi ljudi,
07:14
and you can understand them.
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a mi možemo razumjeti.
07:16
Number five -- two-parter.
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Broj pet - prženje.
07:20
Break the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.
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Prekršite zakon o autorskim pravima.
07:22
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:25
There are laws beyond safety regulations
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Postoje zakoni izvan sigurnosnih propisa
07:28
that attempt to limit how we can interact with the things
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koji pokušavaju ograničiti kako možemo komunicirati sa stvarima
07:31
that we own -- in this case, digital media.
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koje posjedujemo - u ovom slučaju, digitalni mediji.
07:34
It's a very simple exercise -- buy a song on ITunes, write it to a CD,
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To je vrlo jednostavna vježba - kupite pjesmu na iTunes-u, ¨prepržite¨ je na CD,
07:41
then rip the CD to an MP3 and play it on your very same computer.
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a zatim je s CD-a prebacite u MP3 i reproducirate je na vlastitom računalu.
07:44
You've just broken a law.
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Vi ste upravo prekršili zakon.
07:46
Technically the RIAA can come and persecute you.
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Tehnički, RIAA može doći i progoniti vas.
07:50
It's an important lesson for kids to understand --
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To je važna lekcija za djecu – trebaju shvatiti
07:52
that some of these laws get broken by accident
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da se neki od zakona krše slučajno
07:56
and that laws have to be interpreted.
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i da se zakone mora protumačiti.
07:58
And it's something we often talk about with the kids
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I to je nešto o čemu mi često pričamo s djecom
08:01
when we're fooling around with things and breaking them open
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kada se igramo sa stvarima te ih lomimo i
08:05
and taking them apart and using them for other things --
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rastavljamo i koristimo za druge svrhe.
08:08
and also when we go out and drive a car.
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Također kada vozimo auto.
08:14
Driving a car is a -- is a really empowering act for a young child,
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Vožnja automobila je –je stvarno čin koji mlade čini moćnima,
08:18
so this is the ultimate.
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dakle, to je vrh.
08:20
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:22
For those of you who aren't comfortable actually breaking the law,
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Za sve vas kojima nije ugodno kršiti zakon,
08:26
you can drive a car with your child.
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možete voziti automobil sa svojim djetetom.
08:29
This is -- this is a great stage for a kid.
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To je - to je super pozornica za vaše dijete.
08:32
This happens about the same time
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To se događa otprilike u isto vrijeme
08:34
that they get latched onto things like dinosaurs,
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kada se uhvate stvari, kao na primjer dinosaura,
08:37
these big things in the outside world
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to su velike stvari u vanjskom svijetu
08:39
that they're trying to get a grip on.
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koje žele shvatiti.
08:41
A car is a similar object, and they can get in a car and drive it.
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Automobil je sličan predmet, a oni mogu sjesti u auto i voziti ga.
08:46
And that's a really, like -- it gives them a handle on a world
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A to je stvarno kao - to im daje upravljač nad svijetom
08:50
in a way that they wouldn't -- that they don't often have access to.
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na način na koji ne bi – kojemu nemaju pristup tako često.
08:55
So -- and it's perfectly legal.
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Dakle - i to je savršeno legalno.
08:57
Find a big empty lot, make sure there's nothing in it
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Nađite veliko prazno parkiralište, provjerite da ne postoji ništa u njemu
08:59
and it's on private property, and let them drive your car.
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i da je na privatnom posjedu i neka voze vaš automobil.
09:03
It's very safe actually.
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To je zapravo vrlo sigurno.
09:05
And it's fun for the whole family.
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I zabavno je za cijelu obitelj.
09:07
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
09:09
So, let's see.
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Dakle, da vidimo.
09:11
I think that's it. That's number five and a half. OK.
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Mislim da je to to. To je broj pet i pol. Ok.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gever Tulley - TinkererThe founder of the Tinkering School, Gever Tulley likes to build things with kids.
Why you should listen
Gever Tulley writes the best Twitters: Just landed my paraglider in an empty field behind Santa 8arbara. ... Making amazing tshirts with a laser cutter at the maker faire in austin. ... Washing fruit, putting sheets on bunkbeds, and grinding up aluminum foil in a cheap blender ... Updating the school blog, trying to figure out how many cubic feet of air are in a 5 gallon cylinder at 200 PSI. ... Trying to figure out if the tinker kids are going to be able to get molten iron from magnetite sand ...
A software engineer, Gever Tulley is the co-founder of the Tinkering School, a weeklong camp where lucky kids get to play with their very own power tools. He's interested in helping kids learn how to build, solve problems, use new materials and hack old ones for new purposes. He's also a certified paragliding instructor.
Gever Tulley | Speaker | TED.com