Seema Bansal: How to fix a broken education system ... without any more money
Seema Bansal: Jak naprawić system edukacji... bez dodatkowych pieniędzy.
BCG's Seema Bansal asks: Can governments actually make a meaningful difference in education? And rapidly? Yes, it turns out. Full bio
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failing government systems.
niewydolne systemy rządowe.
set in their ways,
za archaiczne, skostniałe,
is just too bureaucratic
to challenge that theory.
of a very large government system
wielkiego systemu rządowego,
on the path of reform
się zreformować,
fairly spectacular results
in a public school in India looks like.
w szkole państwowej w Indiach.
who's lived in India all her life,
is fairly heartbreaking.
so far behind in their education
a grammatically correct sentence.
gramatycznie poprawnego zdania.
would expect an 8-year-old
not only offer free education --
nie tylko darmową naukę,
free workbooks, free meals,
out of public schools
to put them in private schools.
za szkołę prywatną.
in a far richer country, the US,
Stanach Zjednoczonych
the Indian public education system is.
szkolnictwo publiczne w Indiach.
that I got a call in the summer of 2013
called Surina Rajan.
fantastyczna kobieta,
of the Department of School Education
Departamentu Edukacji Szkolnej
heading this department
and nothing seems to work.
a little bit to you.
which has 30 million people.
children in those public schools.
że podczas tej rozmowy
or Canada transform itself.
I was very painfully aware of two things.
bolesną świadomość dwóch rzeczy.
anything like this before.
czymś takim się nie zajmowałam.
perhaps without too much success.
jednak bez większych sukcesów.
looked across the country
podobnego przypadku
wykorzystać w Harianie,
and replicate in Haryana.
our own journey.
and as we jumped in,
zasypywano nas pomysłami.
the way we recruit teachers,
system rekrutacji nauczycieli.
nowych dyrektorów.
learning tours,
we had 50 ideas on the table,
mieliśmy już 50 pomysłów.
going to be able to implement 50 things.
wprowadzić w życie 50 rzeczy.
what is it we're trying to achieve."
co chcemy osiągnąć".
which said: by 2020,
do 2020 roku poziom wiedzy 80% dzieci
to be at grade-level knowledge.
don't matter here,
nie mają znaczenia.
is how specific the goal is.
wystarczająco szczegółowy,
to take all those ideas
przyjrzeć się wszystkim pomysłom,
we were going to implement.
wprowadzimy w życie.
If yes, let's keep it.
Jeśli tak, zatrzymujemy go.
then let's put it aside.
odkładamy go na bok.
having a very specific goal right up front
ustalenie szczegółowego celu
very sharp and focused
precyzyjnie i ze skupieniem
the last two and a half years,
what are the issues, what is broken.
na czym polega problem.
a lot of people told us
często słyszeliśmy,
they don't come into schools,
i nie przychodzą do pracy,
they actually don't know how to teach.
i nie potrafią uczyć.
we found something completely different.
were actually inside schools.
większość nauczycieli była w szkole.
of teaching elementary classes.
uczyć w szkole podstawowej.
the construction of a classroom
had gone to a nearby bank branch
poszło do pobliskiego banku,
into kids' accounts.
pieniądze ze stypendiów.
were spending all of their time
supervised and served to the students.
i wydawania posiłków uczniom.
why are you not teaching?"
what's expected of us.
się od nich oczekuje.
that he checks.
has the meal been served.
goes to a meeting at headquarters,
na zebranie do wydziału oświaty,
which are discussed."
over the last two decades,
że przez ostatnie dwadzieścia lat
of access, having enough schools,
dostęp do szkół, ich wystarczającą liczbę,
into the schools.
launched a whole host of programs
the implicit executors of these programs.
ich domniemanymi wykonawcami.
was not to actually train teachers further
doszkalać nauczycieli
that what is most important
inside classrooms and teach.
and measured and awarded
oceniać i nagradzać
the education system,
we found a few such core root causes
kilka podstawowych przyczyn,
shaping how people behaved in the system.
zachowanie ludzi w systemie.
those specific things,
nie zmienimy tych właśnie spraw,
technology into schools,
core issues
ale podstawowych problemów
what the solutions were.
znalezienie rozwiązania.
to recreate the wheel,
and see what we can find."
small pilot experiments
and all over the world.
being done by foundations.
przez organizacje pozarządowe i fundacje.
was that none of them actually scaled.
nie był prowadzony na dużą skalę.
to 50, 100 or 500 schools.
do 50, 100 czy 500 szkół,
for a solution for 15,000 schools.
rozwiązania dla 15 000.
why don't they actually scale?
skutecznie tylko na mniejszą skalę?
when a typical NGO comes in,
additional resources.
that they actually operate in,
w których działają,
actually create a difference.
że szef organizacji pozarządowej
of the School Education Department
for 15,000 schools."
dla 15 000 szkół.
going to find the money
to 15,000 schools?
of the project, what we said was,
has to be scalable,
działać na każdą skalę.
within the existing budgets
the point in time
in office, in cafés,
w biurze, kawiarniach,
how are we going to solve this problem?"
find solutions to many of the issues.
rozwiązanie dla wielu spraw.
is hands-on learning.
things from books,
giving students things
patyczki czy liczydła.
the budgets to give that
went to a school
odwiedzał pewną szkołę
and stones from the garden outside
z ziemi patyki i kamienie,
in the textbooks in Haryana
we have a little box
znajduje się notatka
for the teachers which say,
dla nauczycieli,
here's an activity that you can do.
to actually do this activity,
from your immediate environment,
z najbliższego otoczenia,
or the classroom inside,
czy sali lekcyjnej,
as learning aids for kids."
to be able to teach students.
żeby móc dobrze uczyć.
across 15,000 schools
from the headquarters
of these district offices,
would open it, read it
that at the block office,
do 15 000 dyrektorów.
eventually to the 15,000 principals.
that the principals
understood it
to zmienić technologia,
that most of these schools
że większość tych szkół
are smartphones.
on Facebook and on WhatsApp.
wchodzą na Facebooka i WhatsApp.
into hundreds of WhatsApp groups
są podzieleni na setki grup na WhatsApp
to be communicated,
all WhatsApp groups.
who has received it,
questions instantaneously.
poprosić o dodatkowe wyjaśnienia.
who are answering these questions.
a completely different part of the state
as everybody's peer group,
jak członkowie jednej grupy
to a school in Haryana,
comes to visit the classroom,
the construction of the toilet
all students across the state
doing well are rewarded.
otrzymują nagrody.
difficult conversations.
additional support
to see results quickly.
large-scale change,
systemowych, na dużą skalę,
of 7 years and 10 years.
three independent studies,
trzy niezależne badania
coś niespotykanego.
have stopped declining,
states in the country
z niewielu stanów w Indiach,
the fastest rate of improvement.
gdzie poprawia się najszybciej.
for the future.
what's going on?"
się uśmiecha, co się dzieje.
what's going on,
is that my children are learning,
my search for a private school
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Seema Bansal - Education innovatorBCG's Seema Bansal asks: Can governments actually make a meaningful difference in education? And rapidly? Yes, it turns out.
Why you should listen
BCG's Seema Bansal is an associate director in the New Delhi office. Since joining BCG in 2000, she has worked extensively in financial services and telecommunications. Today, Bansal leads BCG's social impact and development practice in India, and works on disparate projects in fields including education, food security and nutrition and governance within government agencies.
Bansal earned an MBA from the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta, and a degree in electronics and electrical communication from Punjab Engineering College in Chandigarh.
Seema Bansal | Speaker | TED.com