Seema Bansal: How to fix a broken education system ... without any more money
Сима Бансал: Как восстановить разрушенную систему образования... без дополнительных денежных затрат
BCG's Seema Bansal asks: Can governments actually make a meaningful difference in education? And rapidly? Yes, it turns out. Full bio
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failing government systems.
развалившуюся государственную систему.
set in their ways,
архаичными и устоявшимися,
is just too bureaucratic
что их бюрократичное руководство
to challenge that theory.
опровергнуть эту теорию.
of a very large government system
об очень большой государственной системе,
on the path of reform
fairly spectacular results
in a public school in India looks like.
в государственной школе Индии.
who's lived in India all her life,
прожившей в Индии всю свою жизнь,
is fairly heartbreaking.
это выглядит душераздирающе.
so far behind in their education
простое сложение,
a grammatically correct sentence.
грамматически правильное предложение.
would expect an 8-year-old
not only offer free education --
дают не только бесплатное образование,
free workbooks, free meals,
сборники упражнений, бесплатное питание,
out of public schools
из государственных школ
to put them in private schools.
in a far richer country, the US,
в гораздо более богатой стране, в США,
the Indian public education system is.
система государственного образования.
that I got a call in the summer of 2013
когда я получила звонок
called Surina Rajan.
которую зовут Сурина Раджан.
of the Department of School Education
Департамента школьного образования
heading this department
and nothing seems to work.
и ничего не сработало.
a little bit to you.
which has 30 million people.
в 30 миллионов человек.
children in those public schools.
or Canada transform itself.
с Перу или Канадой.
I was very painfully aware of two things.
я с болью осознавала две вещи.
anything like this before.
ничего подобного.
perhaps without too much success.
looked across the country
and replicate in Haryana.
и применить в Харьяне.
our own journey.
and as we jumped in,
разные идеи.
the way we recruit teachers,
«Давайте изменим принцип найма учителей,
новых директоров школ, обучать их
learning tours,
в классные комнаты».
we had 50 ideas on the table,
у нас на столе было 50 идей,
going to be able to implement 50 things.
what is it we're trying to achieve."
чего мы хотим достичь».
обсуждений и споров
which said: by 2020,
стоящую перед Харьяной задачу:
были знания на уровне своего класса.
to be at grade-level knowledge.
don't matter here,
is how specific the goal is.
to take all those ideas
we were going to implement.
которые собирались осуществить.
If yes, let's keep it.
Если да, то давайте оставим её.
then let's put it aside.
то отложим её в сторону.
having a very specific goal right up front
very sharp and focused
очень чётко и сосредоточенно
the last two and a half years,
на последние два с половиной года,
what are the issues, what is broken.
которые нужно решить.
a lot of people told us
многие люди говорили нам,
they don't come into schools,
они не приходят в школы,
they actually don't know how to teach.
и не знают как учить.
we found something completely different.
то увидели совершенно другое.
were actually inside schools.
большинство учителей были в школах.
of teaching elementary classes.
преподавать в начальных классах.
the construction of a classroom
обустраивали классную комнату
had gone to a nearby bank branch
в соседний филиал банка
into kids' accounts.
were spending all of their time
тратит всё своё время
supervised and served to the students.
why are you not teaching?"
what's expected of us.
«Мы делаем то, что от нас хотят.
that he checks.
has the meal been served.
goes to a meeting at headquarters,
в управление,
which are discussed."
over the last two decades,
за последние два десятилетия.
of access, having enough schools,
имея при этом достаточное количество школ,
into the schools.
привлечения детей в школы.
launched a whole host of programs
the implicit executors of these programs.
неявными исполнителями этих программ.
was not to actually train teachers further
не нужно было обучать
that what is most important
что самое главное —
inside classrooms and teach.
and measured and awarded
оценивать и поощрять
the education system,
we found a few such core root causes
мы нашли несколько основных причин,
shaping how people behaved in the system.
поведение людей в системе.
those specific things,
эти конкретные вещи,
technology into schools,
внедрять технологии,
core issues
основных вопросов
what the solutions were.
to recreate the wheel,
изобретать велосипед,
and see what we can find."
и посмотрим, что сможем найти».
small pilot experiments
небольшие пробные эксперименты,
and all over the world.
и по всему миру.
being done by foundations.
осуществлялись НПО и фондами.
was that none of them actually scaled.
они никогда не применялись широко.
to 50, 100 or 500 schools.
100 или 500 школами.
for a solution for 15,000 schools.
why don't they actually scale?
но широко не применяются.
when a typical NGO comes in,
additional resources.
that they actually operate in,
с которыми они работали,
actually create a difference.
без дополнительных ресурсов.
of the School Education Department
школьного образования
for 15,000 schools."
в 15 000 школах».
going to find the money
to 15,000 schools?
нововведения широко не применяются.
of the project, what we said was,
has to be scalable,
должны широко применяться,
within the existing budgets
существующих бюджетов
которые предоставляет государство.
the point in time
in office, in cafés,
how are we going to solve this problem?"
Как мы будем решать эту проблему?»
find solutions to many of the issues.
что мы нашли ответы на многие вопросы.
is hands-on learning.
things from books,
информацию из книг,
giving students things
the budgets to give that
went to a school
пошёл в школу
and stones from the garden outside
палки и камни,
in the textbooks in Haryana
we have a little box
у нас есть маленький кармашек
for the teachers which say,
в которой написано:
here's an activity that you can do.
можно выполнить такие упражнения.
to actually do this activity,
from your immediate environment,
которые можно использовать,
or the classroom inside,
или в классной комнате
as learning aids for kids."
to be able to teach students.
across 15,000 schools
from the headquarters
of these district offices,
из этих районных отделений
would open it, read it
откроет его, прочитает,
на следующий уровень —
that at the block office,
что в местном отделении
eventually to the 15,000 principals.
15 000 директоров.
that the principals
что директора школ
understood it
that most of these schools
are smartphones.
on Facebook and on WhatsApp.
сидят в Facebook и в WhatsApp.
into hundreds of WhatsApp groups
разделены в WhatsApp на сотни групп,
to be communicated,
all WhatsApp groups.
в группах WhatsApp.
как лесной пожар.
who has received it,
кто её получил
questions instantaneously.
уточняющие вопросы.
who are answering these questions.
a completely different part of the state
as everybody's peer group,
to a school in Haryana,
comes to visit the classroom,
the construction of the toilet
all students across the state
doing well are rewarded.
difficult conversations.
additional support
дополнительную поддержку,
to see results quickly.
large-scale change,
широкомасштабных изменениях,
of 7 years and 10 years.
three independent studies,
три независимых исследования,
have stopped declining,
states in the country
the fastest rate of improvement.
самые высокие темпы улучшения.
for the future.
большие надежды на будущее.
what's going on?"
what's going on,
is that my children are learning,
my search for a private school
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Seema Bansal - Education innovatorBCG's Seema Bansal asks: Can governments actually make a meaningful difference in education? And rapidly? Yes, it turns out.
Why you should listen
BCG's Seema Bansal is an associate director in the New Delhi office. Since joining BCG in 2000, she has worked extensively in financial services and telecommunications. Today, Bansal leads BCG's social impact and development practice in India, and works on disparate projects in fields including education, food security and nutrition and governance within government agencies.
Bansal earned an MBA from the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta, and a degree in electronics and electrical communication from Punjab Engineering College in Chandigarh.
Seema Bansal | Speaker | TED.com