ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shigeru Ban - Architect
Most people look at cardboard tubes and see something fit for the recycling bin. But architect Shigeru Ban turns them into beautiful buildings.

Why you should listen

Shigeru Ban's architecture redefines aesthetics, space, structure and even the idea of permanence. In 1986, for the Alvar Aalto Exhibition near Tokyo, Ban experimented with constructing a building from long paper tubes, the kind found at textile factories. The tubes ended up being much stronger than he had imagined, and were easier to waterproof and fireproof than he had guessed. Ban created many experimental buildings in this vein -- from the Japanese Pavilion at Expo 2000 in Germany, which was meant to be recycled upon demolition, to an office for himself and his students set atop the Pompidou Centre in Paris, where they worked for six years.

But Ban's paper-tube designs have found another use -- as emergency shelters for those who have lost their homes in disasters and wars. In 1994, Ban created shelters for refugees in Rwanda. The next year, after an earthquake in Japan, he rebuilt a local church out of paper tubes that became a local fixture for 10 years. His designs -- both low-cost, and dignity-building -- have housed people affected by disasters in Taiwan, China, Haiti, Turkey and Sri Lanka. He helped develop a shelter system after the Japanese earthquake and tsunami of 2011.

The founder of Shigeru Ban Architects, Ban is the 2014 Pritzker Prize winner. He teaches at Kyoto University of Art and Design.

More profile about the speaker
Shigeru Ban | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxTokyo

Shigeru Ban: Emergency shelters made from paper

坂茂 (Shigeru Ban): 紙做的應急避難所

Filmed:
1,731,260 views

很久以前,當可持續性發展還沒成為一句流行語時,建築師坂茂 (Shigeru Ban) 已經開始用生態無害的建築材料,比如紙管和紙來進行他的實驗。他總是將那些卓越的建築結構應用在臨時住房上,他的建築設計旨在幫助那些無依無靠的受災國家,比如海地,盧旺達或日本。然而,當那些建築實現了它們預期目的之後,同樣的,它們也被作為景觀的令人心愛的一部分而長久保留下來。(影片攝於TEDxTokyo)
- Architect
Most people look at cardboard tubes and see something fit for the recycling bin. But architect Shigeru Ban turns them into beautiful buildings. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
Hi你好. I am an architect建築師.
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大家好!我是一個建築師。
00:14
I am the only architect建築師 in the world世界
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我也是世界上唯一用這樣的紙管
00:16
making製造 buildings房屋 out of paper like this cardboard紙板 tube,
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來作建築的建築師,
00:19
and this exhibition展覽 is the first one I did
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這是我第一個
00:22
using運用 paper tubes.
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用紙管做的展覽。
00:23
1986, much, much longer before people started開始 talking
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1986年,當年還沒有很多人在討論
00:28
about ecological生態 issues問題 and environmental環境的 issues問題,
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有關生態與環境的議題的時候,
00:32
I just started開始 testing測試 the paper tube
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我就開始測試,
00:35
in order訂購 to use this as a building建造 structure結構體.
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用紙管來作建築架構。
00:38
It's very complicated複雜 to test測試 the new material材料 for the building建造,
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嘗試用新的物料去做建築
是一件很複雜的事情,
00:43
but this is much stronger than I expected預期,
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不過這比我想像中堅固,
00:46
and also it's very easy簡單 to waterproof防水,
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而且它非常防水,
00:48
and also, because it's industrial產業 material材料,
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因為它是工業用的物料,
00:50
it's also possible可能 to fireproof防火.
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它又能防火。
00:52
Then I built內置 the temporary臨時 structure結構體, 1990.
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1990 年,我建造了一個臨時的建構。
00:56
This is the first temporary臨時 building建造 made製作 out of paper.
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這是第一個用紙建造出來的臨時建築。
00:59
There are 330 tubes, diameter直徑 55 [centimeters公分],
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那裡用了 330 支直徑 55(公分)的紙管,
01:03
there are only 12 tubes with a diameter直徑
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還有 12 支 120 公分直徑,
01:05
of 120 centimeters公分, or four feet, wide.
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大約是四尺寬的管子。
01:08
As you see it in the photo照片, inside is the toilet廁所.
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就像你所看到的這一張照片,裡面是一間厠所。
01:10
In case案件 you're finished with toilet廁所 paper,
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假設你用完了衛生紙,
01:13
you can tear眼淚 off the inside of the wall. (Laughter笑聲)
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你可以就在裡面撕來用。(笑聲)
01:15
So it's very useful有用.
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看,它實在是非常實用。
01:18
Year 2000, there was a big expo博覽會 in Germany德國.
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2000 年,德國有一個大型的博覽會。
01:22
I was asked to design設計 the building建造,
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我應邀去設計建築,
01:24
because the theme主題 of the expo博覽會 was environmental環境的 issues問題.
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因為那個博展會的主題是環境議題。
01:27
So I was chosen選擇 to build建立 the pavilion out of paper tubes,
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所以我選擇建造一所紙管築成的展示館,
01:32
recyclable可回收 paper.
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用的是循環再用紙。
01:33
My goal目標 of the design設計 is not when it's completed完成.
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我設計的目的不是在於將它完成。
01:36
My goal目標 was when the building建造 was demolished拆除,
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而是在建築被拆的時候,
01:38
because each country國家 makes品牌 a lot of pavilions展館
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因為每一個國家都會建造許多的展示館
01:42
but after half a year, we create創建 a lot of industrial產業 waste浪費,
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但是半年之後,那都將會成為一大堆工業廢料,
01:46
so my building建造 has to be reused重用 or recycled回收.
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所以我的建築一定要是
可以翻用或者循環再用的。
01:50
After, the building建造 was recycled回收.
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往後,建築被循環再用了。
01:52
So that was the goal目標 of my design設計.
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這就是我做設計的原意。
01:55
Then I was very lucky幸運 to win贏得 the competition競爭
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當年,我幸運地贏了比賽
01:58
to build建立 the second第二 Pompidou蓬皮杜 Center中央 in France法國
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在法國的梅思城 (Metz),
02:01
in the city of Metz梅斯.
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建築了第二個龐畢度中心。
02:02
Because I was so poor較差的,
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因為我當時很窮,
02:04
I wanted to rent出租 an office辦公室 in Paris巴黎,
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但我又想在巴黎有一個辦公室,
02:06
but I couldn't不能 afford給予 it,
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可是我負擔不來,
02:07
so I decided決定 to bring帶來 my students學生們 to Paris巴黎
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所以我決定帶我的學生到巴黎,
02:09
to build建立 our office辦公室 on top最佳 of the Pompidou蓬皮杜 Center中央 in Paris巴黎
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在巴黎的龐畢度中心的頂層
02:13
by ourselves我們自己.
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建立起我的辦公室。
02:14
So we brought the paper tubes and the wooden joints關節
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因此我們帶了一些紙管和木結合
02:18
to complete完成 the 35-meter-long米高長 office辦公室.
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完成了我們 35 米長的辦公室。
02:22
We stayed there for six years年份 without paying付款 any rent出租.
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我們在那裡待了六年,不用付任何的房租。
02:25
(Laughter笑聲) (Applause掌聲)
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(笑聲)(掌聲)
02:29
Thank you. I had one big problem問題.
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謝謝。可是,我還是有一個大難題。
02:31
Because we were part部分 of the exhibition展覽,
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因為,我們也是展覽的一部分,
02:33
even if my friend朋友 wanted to see me, they had to buy購買 a ticket to see me.
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所以我的朋友要是來看我,
她/他們都需要買票。
02:37
That was the problem問題.
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這可真是一個難題。
02:39
Then I completed完成 the Pompidou蓬皮杜 Center中央 in Metz梅斯.
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當我完成了梅思的龐畢度中心。
02:42
It's a very popular流行 museum博物館 now,
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它現在已經是一所出名的博物館,
02:43
and I created創建 a big monument紀念碑 for the government政府.
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而且我還為政府設計一所龐大的紀念館。
02:47
But then I was very disappointed失望
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可是當時我感到非常失望
02:49
at my profession職業 as an architect建築師,
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因為我作為一位專業的建築師
02:51
because we are not helping幫助, we are not working加工 for society社會,
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卻沒有為社會作出什麼貢獻,
02:55
but we are working加工 for privileged特權 people,
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我們都在為特權的人士服務,
02:58
rich豐富 people, government政府, developers開發商.
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那些富人,政府及發展商們。
03:02
They have money and power功率.
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他們有錢又有勢力。
03:04
Those are invisible無形.
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可那些都是不易被看見的。
03:06
So they hire聘請 us to visualize想像 their power功率 and money
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於是,他們聘請我們
來建立紀念館式的建築
03:10
by making製造 monumental紀念 architecture建築.
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去展視他們的財富與權力。
03:12
That is our profession職業, even historically歷史 it's the same相同,
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這就是我們的專業,
儘管在過去的歷史發展中,它還是一樣,
03:14
even now we are doing the same相同.
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直到現在,我們依然做著同樣的事情。
03:16
So I was very disappointed失望 that we are not working加工 for society社會,
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我為了我們不曾為社會做事情而失望,
03:20
even though雖然 there are so many許多 people
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儘管世界上有那麼多人
03:24
who lost丟失 their houses房屋 by natural自然 disasters災害.
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因為天災而痛失家園。
03:27
But I must必須 say they are no longer natural自然 disasters災害.
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我一定要說的是,沒有天然災害。
03:30
For example, earthquakes地震 never kill people,
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舉個例子,地震永遠不會殺人,
03:33
but collapse坍方 of the buildings房屋 kill people.
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可是倒塌的建築物卻殺了人。
03:35
That's the responsibility責任 of architects建築師.
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這實在是建築師的責任。
03:37
Then people need some temporary臨時 housing住房,
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當人們需要一些臨時房屋,
03:39
but there are no architects建築師 working加工 there
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卻沒有建築師為了她/他們工作,
03:40
because we are too busy working加工 for privileged特權 people.
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我們都在忙著為特權人士服務。
03:44
So I thought, even as architects建築師,
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我想,建築師們其實也
03:48
we can be involved參與 in the reconstruction重建 of temporary臨時 housing住房.
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可以加入參與重建臨時房屋的行列,
03:53
We can make it better.
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把它做的更好。
03:54
So that is why I started開始 working加工 in disaster災害 areas.
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這是為什麼我開始在災區工作。
03:58
1994, there was a big disaster災害 in Rwanda盧旺達, Africa非洲.
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1994 年,在非洲的盧旺達有一場大災難。
04:02
Two tribes部落, Hutu胡圖族 and Tutsi西人, fought戰鬥 each other.
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兩個部族:胡圖和圖西族互相屠殺。
04:05
Over two million百萬 people became成為 refugees難民.
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有超過兩百萬人因此成為難民。
04:07
But I was so surprised詫異 to see the shelter庇護, refugee難民 camp
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可是,當我看見那些由聯合國管理的
04:11
organized有組織的 by the U.N.
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庇護中心和難民營的時候,
04:13
They're so poor較差的, and they are freezing冷凍
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看見那些難民多可憐,
她/他們都快要冷得結冰了,
04:17
with blankets毯子 during the rainy多雨的 season季節,
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在雨季裡,她/他們只有包著毛毯,
04:19
In the shelters候車亭 built內置 by the U.N.,
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在聯合國的庇護中心內,
04:22
they were just providing提供 a plastic塑料 sheet,
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她/他們只有塑料的墊子,
04:24
and the refugees難民 had to cut the trees樹木, and just like this.
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難民需要去砍樹,就像這樣。
04:28
But over two million百萬 people cut trees樹木.
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不過,當超過兩百萬的人在砍樹,
04:30
It just became成為 big, heavy deforestation森林砍伐
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那將會變成一場很嚴重的滅林和
04:33
and an environmental環境的 problem問題.
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帶來很多環境問題。
04:34
That is why they started開始 providing提供 aluminum pipes管道, aluminum barracks軍營.
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這是為什麼他們開始供應
(不清潔的)管子和兵營。
04:38
Very expensive昂貴, they throw them out for money,
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那是非常昂貴的,於是他們又停了發款,
04:40
then cutting切割 trees樹木 again.
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於是,難民們又開始砍樹。
04:42
So I proposed建議 my idea理念 to improve提高 the situation情況
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我提出我的構思去改善這個情況,
04:46
using運用 these recycled回收 paper tubes
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建議他們用循環再用的紙管
04:48
because this is so cheap低廉 and also so strong強大,
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因為這是很平宜而又堅韌的物料,
04:51
but my budget預算 is only 50 U.S. dollars美元 per unit單元.
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在我的預算裡,一個單位只需要 50 美金。
04:54
We built內置 50 units單位 to do that as a monitoring監控 test測試
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我們建造了 50 個單位來作耐用、濕度及白蟻...
04:57
for the durability耐久力 and moisture濕氣 and termites白蟻, so on.
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等等的監控測試。
05:02
And then, year afterward之後, 1995, in Kobe科比, Japan日本,
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1995 年,在日本的神戶,
05:07
we had a big earthquake地震.
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我們又發生一場很嚴重的地震。
05:09
Nearly幾乎 7,000 people were killed殺害,
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接近 7000 人遇難,
05:11
and the city like this Nagata永田 district,
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整個城市像這個長田區,
05:14
all the city was burned in a fire after the earthquake地震.
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在地震之後,整個城市都在大火之中。
05:17
And also I found發現 out there's many許多 Vietnamese越南 refugees難民
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同時,我發現那裡有很多越南難民
05:21
suffering痛苦 and gathering蒐集 at a Catholic天主教徒 church教會 --
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在一所天主教教堂裡聚集
05:24
all the building建造 was totally完全 destroyed銷毀.
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所有的建築物都已經完全被摧毀。
05:26
So I went there and also I proposed建議 to the priests牧師,
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我到了那裡,向神父提出建議,
05:29
"Why don't we rebuild重建 the church教會 out of paper tubes?"
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“為什麼我們不用紙管來重建教堂?”
05:32
And he said, "Oh God, are you crazy?
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可是他說:“哦,上帝喔,你是不是精神有問題?
05:35
After a fire, what are you proposing建議?"
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經過一場大火之後,你還要提出這個嗎?“
05:37
So he never trusted信任 me, but I didn't give up.
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他沒有相信我,可是我沒有放棄。
05:41
I started開始 commuting上下班 to Kobe科比,
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我開始在神戶把社區聯繫起來,
05:43
and I met會見 the society社會 of Vietnamese越南 people.
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我去見了越南社團的人。
05:45
They were living活的 like this with very poor較差的 plastic塑料 sheets床單
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他們就是這樣依靠塑料的墊子
05:48
in the park公園.
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在公園裡面生活。
05:49
So I proposed建議 to rebuild重建. I raised上調 -- did fundraising籌款.
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我跟他們建議重建。
我去籌款,而且籌到了錢。
05:53
I made製作 a paper tube shelter庇護 for them,
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幫他們用紙管建立起了庇護中心,
05:55
and in order訂購 to make it easy簡單 to be built內置 by students學生們
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這個讓學生們很容易的把它建立起來,
05:58
and also easy簡單 to demolish拆除,
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也能輕易的拆除,
06:00
I used beer啤酒 crates包裝箱 as a foundation基礎.
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我用啤酒的板條箱做地基。
06:03
I asked the Kirin麒麟 beer啤酒 company公司 to propose提出,
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我問了 Kirin 啤酒公司
06:06
because at that time, the Asahi beer啤酒 company公司
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因為那個時候,Asahi 啤酒公司
06:08
made製作 their plastic塑料 beer啤酒 crates包裝箱 red,
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已經開始用紅色的塑料啤酒板條箱,
06:10
which哪一個 doesn't go with the color顏色 of the paper tubes.
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這個跟紙筒的顏色不配。
06:13
The color顏色 coordination協調 is very important重要.
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要知道喔,顏色的配合是非常重要的。
06:15
And also I still remember記得, we were expecting期待
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我還是記得,我們會期待
06:18
to have a beer啤酒 inside the plastic塑料 beer啤酒 crate,
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在啤酒板條箱裡會找到剩下來的啤酒,
06:21
but it came來了 empty. (Laughter笑聲)
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可是,它總是空空的。(笑聲)
06:22
So I remember記得 it was so disappointing令人失望.
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那曾經是多麼令人沮喪的!
06:26
So during the summer夏季 with my students學生們,
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在夏天,我跟學生們在一起,
06:28
we built內置 over 50 units單位 of the shelters候車亭.
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我們建成了超過 50 個庇護中心單位。
06:30
Finally最後 the priest牧師, finally最後 he trusted信任 me to rebuild重建.
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最後,神父終於相信我們,讓我們進行重建。
06:33
He said, "As long as you collect蒐集 money by yourself你自己,
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他說:“當你籌到需要的錢,
06:35
bring帶來 your students學生們 to build建立, you can do it."
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你和你的學生就去開始吧。”
06:38
So we spent花費 five weeks rebuilding重建 the church教會.
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我們花了五個星期去重建教會。
06:40
It was meant意味著 to stay there for three years年份,
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那本來說好是用三年的,
06:44
but actually其實 it stayed there 10 years年份 because people loved喜愛 it.
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但實際上,它已經
被用上了十年,人們都很喜歡。
06:47
Then, in Taiwan台灣, they had a big earthquake地震,
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後來台灣發生了一場嚴重的地震,
06:51
and we proposed建議 to donate this church教會,
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我們建議捐出這所教會,
06:55
so we dismantled拆除 them,
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所以我們把它拆卸了,
06:56
we sent發送 them over to be built內置 by volunteer志願者 people.
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送往台灣,再由志願人士把它建立起來。
06:58
It stayed there in Taiwan台灣 as a permanent常駐 church教會 even now.
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至今,它在台灣已經成為了一所永久的教會。
07:02
So this building建造 became成為 a permanent常駐 building建造.
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這些建築成為了永久的建築。
07:05
Then I wonder奇蹟, what is a permanent常駐 and what is a temporary臨時 building建造?
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然而,我卻開始疑惑,
到底什麼建築是永久的,什麼是臨時的呢?
07:09
Even a building建造 made製作 in paper
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一座建築儘管是紙做的,可是
07:11
can be permanent常駐 as long as people love it.
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只要人們喜歡,它就可以成為永久的。
07:15
Even a concrete具體 building建造 can be very temporary臨時
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而一座為了賺錢而建立的堅固的建築,
07:17
if that is made製作 to make money.
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它也可以是臨時的。
07:19
In 1999, in Turkey火雞, the big earthquake地震,
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1999 年, 在土耳其有一場大地震,
07:22
I went there to use the local本地 material材料 to build建立 a shelter庇護.
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我到了那裡,用了當地的物料去建庇護中心。
07:26
2001, in West西 India印度, I built內置 also a shelter庇護.
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2001 年,在西印度, 我也建了另一所。
07:30
In 2004, in Sri斯里蘭卡 Lanka斯里蘭卡, after the Sumatra蘇門答臘 earthquake地震
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2004 年,在斯里蘭卡發生蘇門答臘地震,
07:34
and tsunami海嘯, I rebuilt重建 Islamic清真 fishermen's漁民 villages村莊.
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還有海嘯之後,我建立了一條伊斯蘭漁民的鄉村。
07:37
And in 2008, in Chengdu成都, Sichuan四川 area in China中國,
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2008 年,在中國四川的成都,
07:43
nearly幾乎 70,000 people were killed殺害,
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接近 70,000 人(在地震中)死亡,
07:46
and also especially特別 many許多 of the schools學校 were destroyed銷毀
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當中有很多人是因為
當地官商勾結的問題學校
07:49
because of the corruption腐敗 between之間 the authority權威 and the contractor承包商.
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倒塌而死亡。
07:52
I was asked to rebuild重建 the temporary臨時 church教會.
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我被要求去重建臨時的教會。
07:55
I brought my Japanese日本 students學生們 to work with the Chinese中文 students學生們.
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我帶了我的日本學生去跟中國學生們一起工作。
07:59
In one month, we completed完成 nine classrooms教室,
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在一個月內,我們就完成了九個
08:02
over 500 square廣場 meters.
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超過 500 平房米的課室。
08:04
It's still used, even after the current當前 earthquake地震 in China中國.
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縱使在最近中國發生的地震過後,
它們還在被使用著。
08:08
In 2009, in Italy意大利, L'Aquila拉奎拉, also they had a big earthquake地震.
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2009 年,在義大利拉魁拉也發生了一場大地震。
08:14
And this is a very interesting有趣 photo照片:
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這是一張很有趣的照片:
08:16
former前任的 Prime主要 Minister部長 Berlusconi貝盧斯科尼
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(義大利的)前總理貝盧斯科尼和
08:19
and Japanese日本 former前任的 former前任的 former前任的 former前任的 Prime主要 Minister部長 Mr先生. Aso麻生太郎 --
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日本的前前前前首相麻生太郎
08:23
you know, because we have to change更改 the prime主要 minister部長 ever year.
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你知道嗎,我們是必須在每年都更換首相的。
08:27
And they are very kind, affording得到 my model模型.
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他們都很善良,接受我的模型。
08:32
I proposed建議 a big rebuilding重建, a temporary臨時 music音樂 hall大廳,
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我建議了一項大型的重建,
一個臨時的音樂廳,
08:36
because L'Aquila拉奎拉 is very famous著名 for music音樂
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因為拉魁拉是一個音樂很出名的地方
08:39
and all the concert音樂會 halls大廳 were destroyed銷毀,
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但是,所有的表演廳都被毀了,
08:40
so musicians音樂家 were moving移動 out.
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音樂師們只能遷出。
08:42
So I proposed建議 to the mayor市長,
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所以,我向市長建議,
08:44
I'd like to rebuild重建 the temporary臨時 auditorium禮堂.
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我希望可以重建一所臨時的會堂。
08:46
He said, "As long as you bring帶來 your money, you can do it."
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他說:“當你籌到所需要的錢,你就開始吧。”
08:49
And I was very lucky幸運.
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我當時很幸運。
08:50
Mr先生. Berlusconi貝盧斯科尼 brought G8 summit首腦,
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貝盧斯科尼在帶領了 G8 峰會,
08:52
and our former前任的 prime主要 minister部長 came來了,
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和我們的前首相來,
08:55
so they helped幫助 us to collect蒐集 money,
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他們幫忙我們籌款,
08:58
and I got half a million百萬 euros歐元 from the Japanese日本 government政府
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而我又從日本政府處帶來了 50 萬歐元
09:01
to rebuild重建 this temporary臨時 auditorium禮堂.
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去重建這一所臨時會堂。
09:03
Year 2010 in Haiti海地, there was a big earthquake地震,
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2010 年,在海地有一場大地震,
09:08
but it's impossible不可能 to fly over,
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那時候,我們根本沒辦法坐飛機過去,
09:10
so I went to Santo城主 Domingo多明戈, next-door隔壁 country國家,
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只有從隔壁的國家聖多明哥,
09:13
to drive駕駛 six hours小時 to get to Haiti海地
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開了六個小時的車到了海地,
09:16
with the local本地 students學生們 in Santo城主 Domingo多明戈
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跟當地的學生在聖多明哥
09:19
to build建立 50 units單位 of shelter庇護 out of local本地 paper tubes.
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用紙管建造出 50 個庇護中心單位。
09:22
This is what happened發生 in Japan日本 two years年份 ago, in northern北方 Japan日本.
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這是兩年前,在日本北部發生的。
09:26
After the earthquake地震 and tsunami海嘯,
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在地震和海嘯之後,
09:28
people had to be evacuated疏散 in a big room房間 like a gymnasium健身房.
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人們需要遷到一個大的空間,像體育館。
09:32
But look at this. There's no privacy隱私.
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可是,請看看這一張,他們完全沒有隱私。
09:34
People suffer遭受 mentally精神上 and physically物理.
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人們是同時承受著肉體和精神上的創傷。
09:36
So we went there to build建立 partitions分區
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所以,我們在那裡跟所有的志願學生
09:40
with all the student學生 volunteers志願者 with paper tubes,
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用紙管建立起屏風,
09:43
just a very simple簡單 shelter庇護 out of the tube frame and the curtain窗簾.
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只是用框架架起地毯,
就能變成了簡單的庇護所。
09:47
However然而, some of the facility設施 authority權威
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無奈,一些設施管理層
09:50
doesn't want us to do it, because, they said,
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不想我們這樣做,因為,他們說,
09:52
simply只是, it's become成為 more difficult to control控制 them.
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簡單來說,那讓他們變得更難去控制管理。
09:55
But it's really necessary必要 to do it.
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可是,當時真的有這樣做的需要。
09:58
They don't have enough足夠 flat平面 area to build建立
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因為他們沒有足夠的空間去
10:00
standard標準 government政府 single-story單層 housing住房 like this one.
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建立像這樣的政府標準單層房子。
10:03
Look at this. Even civil國內 government政府 is doing
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看這一張,地區政府正在建造
10:06
such這樣 poor較差的 construction施工 of the temporary臨時 housing住房,
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一些結構很差的臨時住房,
10:10
so dense稠密 and so messy because there is no storage存儲, nothing, water is leaking洩漏,
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那裡沒有儲物處...漏水,太密集和混雜的,
10:16
so I thought, we have to make multi-story多層 building建造
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因為現場的地方不足又不是很舒適,
10:20
because there's no land土地 and also it's not very comfortable自在.
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我想我們必須去建立多層建築,
10:23
So I proposed建議 to the mayor市長 while I was making製造 partitions分區.
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於是,當我在做屏風的時候,
我就把建議告訴市長。
10:28
Finally最後 I met會見 a very nice不錯 mayor市長 in Onagawa女川 village
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最終,我在宮城縣的女川
10:31
in Miyagi宮城.
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遇上了一位很好商量的市長。
10:32
He asked me to build建立 three-story三層樓 housing住房 on baseball棒球 [fields領域].
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他讓我在籃球場上建立起三層高的房屋。
10:37
I used the shipping運輸 container容器
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我用了貨櫃箱
10:40
and also the students學生們 helped幫助 us to make
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還有,學生幫我們完成了
10:42
all the building建造 furniture家具
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所有的建築及準備傢俬
10:45
to make them comfortable自在,
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讓房子不僅能夠在政府提供的預算內完工,
10:47
within the budget預算 of the government政府
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還變得更舒適。
10:49
but also the area of the house is exactly究竟 the same相同,
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那是跟區內其他房子一模一樣,
10:53
but much more comfortable自在.
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而同時又更舒適的。
10:54
Many許多 of the people want to stay here forever永遠.
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很多人說想永遠的住下去。
10:57
I was very happy快樂 to hear that.
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我很興奮聽到這樣的話。
11:00
Now I am working加工 in New Zealand新西蘭, Christchurch克賴斯特徹奇.
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現在,我正在新西蘭的基督城裡工作。
11:04
About 20 days before the Japanese日本 earthquake地震 happened發生,
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大約就在日本地震發生前 20 天,
11:07
also they had a big earthquake地震,
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那裡也發生了一場大地震,
11:09
and many許多 Japanese日本 students學生們 were also killed殺害,
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有許多的日本學生在當中遇難,
11:11
and the most important重要 cathedral大教堂 of the city,
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城裡最重要的天主教堂,
11:14
the symbol符號 of Christchurch克賴斯特徹奇, was totally完全 destroyed銷毀.
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基督城的象徵也都被徹底的毀滅了。
11:17
And I was asked to come to rebuild重建 the temporary臨時 cathedral大教堂.
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我被叫來重建一所臨時的天主教堂。
11:21
So this is under construction施工.
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這個還在建築當中。
11:23
And I'd like to keep building建造 monuments紀念碑
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我希望我能保存人們所愛的
11:26
that are beloved心愛 by people.
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不朽建築。
11:28
Thank you very much.
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非常感謝!
11:30
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
11:32
Thank you. (Applause掌聲)
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謝謝(掌聲)
11:35
Thank you very much. (Applause掌聲)
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非常感謝! (掌聲)
Translated by Sharon Loh
Reviewed by Ning Zhang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shigeru Ban - Architect
Most people look at cardboard tubes and see something fit for the recycling bin. But architect Shigeru Ban turns them into beautiful buildings.

Why you should listen

Shigeru Ban's architecture redefines aesthetics, space, structure and even the idea of permanence. In 1986, for the Alvar Aalto Exhibition near Tokyo, Ban experimented with constructing a building from long paper tubes, the kind found at textile factories. The tubes ended up being much stronger than he had imagined, and were easier to waterproof and fireproof than he had guessed. Ban created many experimental buildings in this vein -- from the Japanese Pavilion at Expo 2000 in Germany, which was meant to be recycled upon demolition, to an office for himself and his students set atop the Pompidou Centre in Paris, where they worked for six years.

But Ban's paper-tube designs have found another use -- as emergency shelters for those who have lost their homes in disasters and wars. In 1994, Ban created shelters for refugees in Rwanda. The next year, after an earthquake in Japan, he rebuilt a local church out of paper tubes that became a local fixture for 10 years. His designs -- both low-cost, and dignity-building -- have housed people affected by disasters in Taiwan, China, Haiti, Turkey and Sri Lanka. He helped develop a shelter system after the Japanese earthquake and tsunami of 2011.

The founder of Shigeru Ban Architects, Ban is the 2014 Pritzker Prize winner. He teaches at Kyoto University of Art and Design.

More profile about the speaker
Shigeru Ban | Speaker | TED.com

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