Jennifer Pluznick: You smell with your body, not just your nose
詹妮弗.普魯兹尼克: 你的身體也可以聞到氣味,不僅僅是你的鼻子
Jennifer Pluznick is on a mission to find out more about olfactory and other sensory receptors. Full bio
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do you think you can smell,
高達一兆種不同氣味。
detect up to one trillion different odors.
machinery to make it happen.
能夠使之成爲現實。
to be activated by the odor,
like all vertebrates,
和所有脊椎動物一樣,
to genes for different olfactory receptors
不同的嗅覺接受器的基因數量,
be doing something else
uncovered the molecular identity
和理察.阿克塞爾發現了
led to a Nobel Prize.
were only found in the nose.
只存在鼻子裡。
receptor expressed in a tissue
are found all over the body,
找到這些接受器,
unexpected places --
act as sensitive chemical sensors
our sense of smell.
as sensitive chemical sensors
作為敏感的化學感測器,
detect the aroma of your morning coffee
你早晨咖啡的香氣,
your morning coffee,
the change in concentration
化學物其濃度的變化。
through your bloodstream.
use chemical sensors,
都會使用化學感測器,
of hormones, metabolites
are olfactory receptors.
就是嗅覺受器。
of a specific molecule,
鼻子以外有嗅覺接受器的例子,
found outside the nose
express an olfactory receptor,
具有嗅覺接受器結構,
will seek out the chemical
will swim toward the ligand.
with the highest ligand concentration?
最高濃度的配體區域?
because it clearly demonstrates
is to be a chemical sensor,
是化學感測器,
implicated in muscle cell migration,
and respond to inhaled chemicals,
化學物質並產生反應,
to be found only in the tongue,
只存在於舌頭上。
in cells and tissues throughout the body.
身體許多其它細胞和組織裡。
also play a role in our blood vessels.
血液循環系統中也起一定的作用。
of olfactory receptors and taste receptors
嗅覺和味覺收器
control center for homeostasis.
control center would be a logical place
是完全合情合理的。
of different olfactory and taste receptors
嗅覺和味覺接收器。
in cells and tissues
各種細胞和組織裡表現,
in the regulation of blood pressure.
這個嗅覺接收器拿掉,
was found to respond
對某種化學物質──
short-chain fatty acids
that reside in your gut --
腸道裡的細菌產生的──
by your gut microbiota,
into your bloodstream
interact with receptors
互相作用和影響,
in metabolism of your gut microbiota
新陳代謝的變化
嗅覺和味覺接收器,
of different olfactory and taste receptors
to tease out their different functions
它們各種不同的功能,
each of them responds to.
化學物質發生反應。
其他器官和組織開展同樣的研究。
for many other organs and tissues --
has been studied to date.
非常小部分的接收器。
of the scope of influence
我們對嗅覺影響層面的理解,
to change our understanding
of something we're following.
追尋已久的成功的氣味。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jennifer Pluznick - PhysiologistJennifer Pluznick is on a mission to find out more about olfactory and other sensory receptors.
Why you should listen
Jennifer Pluznick's fascination with understanding how interactions at the molecular level affect functions at the organismal level led her to pursue a Ph.D. in renal physiology from the University of Nebraska Medical Center. While researching kidney disease as part of her postdoc at Yale University, Pluznick came across scent receptors in the kidney. She initially wrote off this surprising finding as a fluke, but after taking a second look, she realized how important this discovery could be for understanding kidney function. Since 2010, Pluznick and her lab at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine have researched the role of the olfactory signaling system. Most recently, they’ve found a possible connection between the bacteria in your gut and how your kidney manages blood pressure.
Jennifer Pluznick | Speaker | TED.com