TEDGlobal 2014
Boniface Mwangi: The day I stood up alone
Boniface Mwangi: El dia que vaig plantar cara sol
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El fotògraf Boniface Mwangi volia protestar contra la corrupció a Kènia, el seu país d'origen, així que va fer un pla: ell i alguns amics s'aixecarien i protestarien durant una reunió massiva de gent. Però, quan va arribar el moment, va aixecar-se sol. El que va passar després, diu, va ensenyar-li qui era ell de veritat. Com ell diu, "hi ha dos dies importants a la teva vida; el dia que neixes, i el dia en que descobreixes per què".
Boniface Mwangi -
Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow. Full bio
Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
People back home call me a heckler,
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La gent del meu país em diu agitador,
00:16
a troublemaker, an irritant,
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revolucionari, irritant,
00:19
a rebel, an activist,
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rebel, activista,
00:21
the voice of the people.
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la veu del poble.
00:23
But that wasn't always me.
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Però no sempre he sigut així.
00:26
Growing up, I had a nickname.
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De petit tenia un malnom.
00:28
They used to call me Softy,
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Solien dir-me Softy,
00:30
meaning the soft, harmless boy.
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és a dir, noi inofensiu.
00:33
Like every other human being,
I avoided trouble.
I avoided trouble.
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Igual que qualsevol altre ésser humà,
evitava problemes.
evitava problemes.
00:36
In my childhood, they taught me silence.
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De petit, em van ensenyar a callar.
00:38
Don't argue, do as you're told.
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No discuteixis, fes el que et diguin.
00:40
In Sunday school, they taught me
don't confront, don't argue,
don't confront, don't argue,
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A l'escola dominical em van ensenyar
a no enfrontar-me, a no discutir,
a no enfrontar-me, a no discutir,
00:44
even if you're right,
turn the other cheek.
turn the other cheek.
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i, encara que tingués raó,
a parar l'altra galta.
a parar l'altra galta.
00:47
This was reinforced
by the political climate of the time.
by the political climate of the time.
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Tot això es va veure reforçat
pel clima polític de l'època.
pel clima polític de l'època.
00:52
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
00:55
Kenya is a country
where you are guilty
where you are guilty
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Kenya és un país on ets culpable
00:57
until proven rich.
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fins que es demostri que ets ric.
01:00
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
01:02
Kenya's poor are five times more likely
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Els kenyans pobres tenen
5 cops més possibilitats
5 cops més possibilitats
01:05
to be shot dead by the police
who are meant to protect them
who are meant to protect them
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de ser disparats a mort per la policia,
que hauria de protegir-los,
que hauria de protegir-los,
01:08
than by criminals.
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que pels delinqüents.
01:10
This was reinforced
by the political climate of the day.
by the political climate of the day.
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Tot això es va veure reforçat
pel clima polític del moment.
pel clima polític del moment.
01:12
We had a president,
Moi, who was a dictator.
Moi, who was a dictator.
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Teníem un president, Moi,
que era un dictador.
que era un dictador.
01:15
He ruled the country with an iron fist,
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Va governar el país amb severitat,
01:18
and anyone who dared
question his authority
question his authority
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i qui s'atrevia a qüestionar
la seva autoritat
la seva autoritat
01:20
was arrested, tortured,
jailed or even killed.
jailed or even killed.
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era detingut, torturat,
empresonat o fins i tot assassinat.
empresonat o fins i tot assassinat.
01:25
That meant that people were taught
to be smart cowards, stay out of trouble.
to be smart cowards, stay out of trouble.
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Això vol dir que s'ensenyava la gent
a ser covards intel·ligents,
a no ficar-se en problemes.
01:29
Being a coward was not an insult.
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Ser un covard no era un insult.
01:31
Being a coward was a compliment.
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Ser un covard era un elogi.
01:33
We used to be told that a coward
goes home to his mother.
goes home to his mother.
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Ens deien que un covard
torna a casa amb la seva mare.
torna a casa amb la seva mare.
01:36
What that meant: that if you stayed
out of trouble you're going to stay alive.
out of trouble you're going to stay alive.
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Que volia dir que si no et ficaves
en problemes, seguiries viu.
en problemes, seguiries viu.
01:40
I used to question this advice,
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Jo dubtava d'aquest consell.
01:42
and eight years ago
we had an election in Kenya,
we had an election in Kenya,
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Fa 8 anys, vam tenir
unes eleccions a Kenya,
unes eleccions a Kenya,
01:45
and the results were violently disputed.
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i els resultats van ser
intensament disputats.
intensament disputats.
01:47
What followed that election
was terrible violence, rape,
was terrible violence, rape,
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El que va venir després van ser
terribles actes de violència, violacions,
terribles actes de violència, violacions,
01:52
and the killing of over 1,000 people.
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i l'assassinat de més de 1000 persones.
01:56
My work was to document the violence.
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La meva feina era documentar la violència.
01:59
As a photographer,
I took thousands of images,
I took thousands of images,
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Com a fotògraf,
vaig fer milers de fotos,
vaig fer milers de fotos,
02:02
and after two months,
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i després de dos mesos,
02:04
the two politicians came together,
had a cup of tea,
had a cup of tea,
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els dos polítics es van reunir,
van prendre una tassa de te,
van prendre una tassa de te,
02:09
signed a peace agreement,
and the country moved on.
and the country moved on.
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van signar un acord de pau
i el país va tirar endavant.
i el país va tirar endavant.
02:12
I was a very disturbed man
because I saw the violence firsthand.
because I saw the violence firsthand.
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Vaig quedar molt afectat perquè
vaig conèixer la violència de primera mà.
vaig conèixer la violència de primera mà.
02:16
I saw the killings.
I saw the displacement.
I saw the displacement.
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Vaig veure els assassinats.
Vaig veure els desplaçaments.
Vaig veure els desplaçaments.
02:19
I met women who had been raped,
and it disturbed me,
and it disturbed me,
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Vaig conèixer dones
que havien estat violades,
que havien estat violades,
i em va afectar,
02:22
but the country never spoke about it.
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però el país mai va parlar d'això.
02:24
We pretended. We all became smart cowards.
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Fingíem. Vam convertir-nos
en covards intel·ligents.
en covards intel·ligents.
02:27
We decided to stay out of trouble
and not talk about it.
and not talk about it.
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Vam decidir no ficar-nos
en problemes i no parlar-ne.
en problemes i no parlar-ne.
02:30
Ten months later, I quit my job.
I said I could not stand it anymore.
I said I could not stand it anymore.
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10 mesos després, vaig deixar la meva feina.
Vaig dir que no podia aguantar-ho més.
Vaig dir que no podia aguantar-ho més.
02:34
After quitting my job,
I decided to organize my friends
I decided to organize my friends
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Després de deixar la feina, vaig decidir
organitzar els meus amics
organitzar els meus amics
02:36
to speak about
the violence in the country,
the violence in the country,
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per parlar sobre la violència al país,
02:38
to speak about the state of the nation,
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per parlar sobre l'estat de la nació,
02:40
and June 1, 2009 was the day
that we were meant to go to the stadium
that we were meant to go to the stadium
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i l'1 de juny de 2009 era el dia
que aniríem a l'estadi
que aniríem a l'estadi
02:44
and try and get the president's attention.
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i intentaríem cridar l'atenció del president.
02:46
It's a national holiday,
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És una festa nacional,
02:48
it's broadcast across the country,
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es retransmet arreu del país,
02:49
and I showed up at the stadium.
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i vaig anar a l'estadi.
02:53
My friends did not show up.
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Els meus amics no van venir.
02:56
I found myself alone,
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Era allà tot sol,
02:59
and I didn't know what to do.
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i no sabia pas què fer,
03:02
I was scared,
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tenia por,
03:03
but I knew very well
that that particular day,
that that particular day,
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però tenia ben clar que aquell dia
03:05
I had to make a decision.
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havia de prendre una decisió.
03:07
Was I able to live as a coward,
like everyone else,
like everyone else,
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Podia viure com un covard, com tothom,
03:09
or was I going to make a stand?
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o plantaria cara?
03:11
And when the president stood up to speak,
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I quan el president es va aixecar a parlar,
03:13
I found myself on my feet
shouting at the president,
shouting at the president,
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em vaig veure d'empeus,
cridant al president
cridant al president
03:17
telling him to remember
the post-election violence victims,
the post-election violence victims,
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dient-li que recordés les víctimes
de la violència després de les eleccions,
de la violència després de les eleccions,
03:21
to stop the corruption.
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que aturés la corrupció.
03:23
And suddenly, out of nowhere,
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I de sobte, com sortits del no-res
03:25
the police pounced on me
like hungry lions.
like hungry lions.
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la policia va caure sobre meu
com ferotges lleons.
com ferotges lleons.
03:28
They held my mouth
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Em van tapar la boca
03:30
and dragged me out of the stadium,
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i em van arrossegar fora de l'estadi
03:32
where they thoroughly beat me up
and locked me up in jail.
and locked me up in jail.
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on em van apallissar salvatgement i
em van tancar a la presó.
em van tancar a la presó.
03:37
I spent that night in
a cold cement floor in the jail,
a cold cement floor in the jail,
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Aquella nit la vaig pasar al fred
terra de ciment de la presó.
terra de ciment de la presó.
03:43
and that got me thinking.
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I allò em va fer pensar,
03:46
What was making me feel this way?
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què era el que em feia sentir així?
03:48
My friends and family thought
I was crazy because of what I did,
I was crazy because of what I did,
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Els meus amics i familiars pensaven
que era boig per haver fet allò,
que era boig per haver fet allò,
03:51
and the images that I took
were disturbing my life.
were disturbing my life.
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i les imatges que havia pres
no em deixaven viure.
no em deixaven viure.
03:56
The images that I took
were just a number to many Kenyans.
were just a number to many Kenyans.
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Les imatges que havia pres, només
eren una xifra per a molts kenyans.
eren una xifra per a molts kenyans.
03:59
Most Kenyans did not see the violence.
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La majoría de kenyans no va
veure la violència.
veure la violència.
04:01
It was a story to them.
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Per ells era tan sols una història.
04:03
And so I decided to actually
start a street exhibition
start a street exhibition
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I vaig decidir començar una
exposició al carrer
exposició al carrer
04:05
to show the images of the violence
across the country
across the country
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per ensenyar les imatges de violència
per tot el país
per tot el país
04:08
and get people talking about it.
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i fer que la gent parlés del tema.
04:10
We traveled the country
and showed the images,
and showed the images,
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Vam viatjar pel país
i vam mostrar les imatges,
i vam mostrar les imatges,
04:13
and this was a journey that has started me
to the activist path,
to the activist path,
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i aquest viatge em va iniciar al camí
de l'activisme,
de l'activisme,
04:16
where I decided to become silent no more,
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on vaig decidir no quedar-me mai
més callat,
més callat,
04:19
to talk about those things.
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parlar sobre aquestes coses.
04:21
We traveled, and our general site
from our street exhibit
from our street exhibit
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Vam viatjar, i el nostre objectiu
més enllà de la exposició
més enllà de la exposició
04:25
became for political graffiti
about the situation in the country,
about the situation in the country,
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era el graffiti polític sobre
la situació del país
la situació del país
04:30
talking about corruption, bad leadership.
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parlant de corrupció,
la manca de lideratge.
la manca de lideratge.
04:33
We have even done symbolic burials.
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També vam fer enterraments simbòlics.
04:36
We have delivered live pigs
to Kenya's parliament
to Kenya's parliament
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Van enviar porcs vius al
parlament de Kenya
parlament de Kenya
04:40
as a symbol of our politicians' greed.
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com a símbol de la cobdícia
dels nostres polítics.
dels nostres polítics.
04:42
It has been done in Uganda
and other countries,
and other countries,
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S'ha fet també a Uganda i altres països,
04:45
and what is most powerful is that
the images have been picked by the media
the images have been picked by the media
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i el més important va ser
que les imatges van ser recollides
pels mitjans de comunicació
pels mitjans de comunicació
04:48
and amplified across the country,
across the continent.
across the continent.
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i transmeses a la resta del pais
i del continent.
i del continent.
04:51
Where I used to stand up alone
seven years ago,
seven years ago,
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Si fa 7 anys em vaig quedar sol,
04:54
now I belong to a community
of many people who stand up with me.
of many people who stand up with me.
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ara pertanyo a una comunitat
que és al meu costat.
que és al meu costat.
04:57
I am no longer alone when I stand up
to speak about these things.
to speak about these things.
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Ja no estic sol quan parlo d'aquestes coses.
05:02
I belong to a group of young people
who are passionate about the country,
who are passionate about the country,
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Pertanyo a un grup de joves
passionats pel seu país
passionats pel seu país
05:06
who want to bring about change,
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que volen aconseguir un canvi,
05:08
and they're no longer afraid,
and they're no longer smart cowards.
and they're no longer smart cowards.
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i que ja no tenen por, que ja no son
uns covards intel·ligents.
uns covards intel·ligents.
05:13
So that was my story.
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Així que aquesta és la meva història.
05:18
That day in the stadium,
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Aquell dia, a l'estadi,
05:20
I stood up as a smart coward.
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em vaig aixecar com un covard intel·ligent.
05:23
By that one action, I said goodbye
to the 24 years living as a coward.
to the 24 years living as a coward.
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Amb aquell gest vaig dir adéu
a 24 anys de covardia.
a 24 anys de covardia.
05:28
There are two most powerful
days in your life:
days in your life:
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Hi ha dos grans dies a la vida:
05:31
the day you're born,
and the day you discover why.
and the day you discover why.
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el dia que neixes i el dia
que descobreixes per què.
que descobreixes per què.
05:36
That day standing up in that stadium
shouting at the President,
shouting at the President,
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Aquell dia, aixecant-me a l'estadi,
cridant al president,
cridant al president,
05:40
I discovered why I was truly born,
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vaig descobrir per què
havia nascut de veritat,
havia nascut de veritat,
05:43
that I would no longer be silent
in the face of injustice.
in the face of injustice.
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que ja no callaria davant la injustícia.
05:47
Do you know why you were born?
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Saps per què vas nèixer tu?
05:51
Thank you.
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Gràcies.
05:53
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
06:00
Tom Rielly: It's an amazing story.
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Tom Rielly: Es una història increible.
06:03
I just want to ask you
a couple quick questions.
a couple quick questions.
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Només vull fer-te un parell
de preguntes ràpides.
de preguntes ràpides.
06:05
So PAWA254:
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Així que PAWA254
06:07
you've created a studio, a place
where young people can go
where young people can go
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heu creat un estudi, un lloc on
els joves poden acudir
els joves poden acudir
06:12
and harness the power of digital media
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i aprofitar el poder dels mitjans digitals
06:14
to do some of this action.
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per fer alguna cosa, per actuar
06:16
What's happening now with PAWA?
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Què està passant ara amb PAWA?
06:18
Boniface Mwangi: So we have
this community of filmmakers,
this community of filmmakers,
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Boniface Mwangi: Tenim aquesta
comunitat de cineastes,
comunitat de cineastes,
06:21
graffiti artists, musicians,
and when there's an issue in the country,
and when there's an issue in the country,
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graffiters, músics...i quan passa
alguna cosa al pais
alguna cosa al pais
06:24
we come together, we brainstorm,
and take up on that issue.
and take up on that issue.
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ens reunim, pensem junts
i ens centrem en aquest tema.
i ens centrem en aquest tema.
06:27
So our most powerful tool is art,
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La nostra eina més poderosa és l'art,
06:29
because we live in a very busy world
where people are so busy in their life,
where people are so busy in their life,
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Perquè vivim en un món molt ocupat,
la gent està molt ocupada amb la seva vida
la gent està molt ocupada amb la seva vida
06:33
and they don't have time to read.
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i no tenen temps de llegir.
06:35
So we package our activism
and we package our message in art.
and we package our message in art.
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Així que concentrem el nostre activisme,
el nostre missatge, en l'art.
el nostre missatge, en l'art.
06:39
So from the music, the graffiti,
the art, that's what we do.
the art, that's what we do.
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Des de la música, el graffiti, l'art,
això és el que fem.
això és el que fem.
06:45
Can I say one more thing?
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Puc dir una cosa més?
06:47
TR: Yeah, of course. (Applause)
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T.R: És clar.
(Aplaudiment)
(Aplaudiment)
06:49
BM: In spite of being arrested,
beaten up, threatened,
beaten up, threatened,
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B.M: Tot i haver estat arrestat, colpejat,
amenaçat,
amenaçat,
06:52
the moment I discovered my voice,
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quan vaig descobrir la meva veu,
06:53
that I could actually stand up
for what I really believed in,
for what I really believed in,
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que de veritat podia lluitar
per allò en que creia,
per allò en que creia,
06:56
I'm no longer afraid.
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ja no tinc por.
06:57
I used to be called softy,
but I'm no longer softy,
but I'm no longer softy,
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Solien dir-me Softy
però ja no ho sóc,
però ja no ho sóc,
07:00
because I discovered who I really am,
as in, that's what I want to do,
as in, that's what I want to do,
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perquè he descobert qui sóc,
això és el que realment vull fer.
això és el que realment vull fer.
07:03
and there's such beauty in doing that.
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I es tan bonic fer això.
07:06
There's nothing as powerful as that,
knowing that I'm meant to do this,
knowing that I'm meant to do this,
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Res no et dóna tant poder com això,
saber que això és el que he de fer.
saber que això és el que he de fer.
07:10
because you don't get scared,
you just continue living your life.
you just continue living your life.
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Perquè no tens por, simplement
continues vivint la teva vida.
continues vivint la teva vida.
07:13
Thank you.
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Gràcies.
07:15
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiment)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Boniface Mwangi -Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow.
Why you should listen
For four years Boniface Mwangi held a staff photography position at The Standard, the second largest Kenyan newspaper, taking on various assignments of increasing responsibility in a number of countries. Mwangi became the eye of Kenyans during the 2007 post-election violence and showed courage and compassion to capture thousands of images, some so gory that they could not be published.
Following the political resolution to the election crisis, Boniface started to see himself as a visual artist, using photography as the vehicle for social change in Kenya. His focus was the fight against the impunity of politicians in the face of over 1000 dead and half a million people displaced as a result of the violence they caused.
"Boniface’s images are crucial for the healing of our nation; his ability to stay focused and inject a sense of artistry into his work is a testimony to the spirit of professional journalism," wrote Jackson Biko after Boniface was voted Kenya Photojournalist of the Year in 2008 by readers of Adam, a men’s magazine in the country.
Since then, Boniface has continued to work as a freelance photographer for Bloomberg, the AFP, Reuters, the Boston Globe, and other media outlets while building a movement for social change in Kenya through “Picha Mtaani” (Swahili for street exhibition). The photo exhibit aims to heal the scars of Kenyans and draw their attention to the dynamics of the violence to prevent a repeat during the upcoming elections of 2013.
Boniface founded Pawa254 as a collaborative hub where journalists, artists and activists could meet to find innovative ways of achieving social change. The hub has already had many functions, but two campaigns stand out. “Heal the Nation” is a very successful initiative to show a half-hour documentary about post-election violence to as many Kenyans as possible and facilitate discussions around the film. The campaign is accompanied by a more shadowy graffiti campaign that has evoked strong reactions and fired up the youth of Kenya and the world, as images of the clever graffiti grace the pages of the world’s newspapers.
In 2009 United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wrote a letter commending Boniface for his work during the post-election violence. She stated, "Your photography is absolutely stunning and tells an important and powerful story for the world to hear."
More profile about the speakerFollowing the political resolution to the election crisis, Boniface started to see himself as a visual artist, using photography as the vehicle for social change in Kenya. His focus was the fight against the impunity of politicians in the face of over 1000 dead and half a million people displaced as a result of the violence they caused.
"Boniface’s images are crucial for the healing of our nation; his ability to stay focused and inject a sense of artistry into his work is a testimony to the spirit of professional journalism," wrote Jackson Biko after Boniface was voted Kenya Photojournalist of the Year in 2008 by readers of Adam, a men’s magazine in the country.
Since then, Boniface has continued to work as a freelance photographer for Bloomberg, the AFP, Reuters, the Boston Globe, and other media outlets while building a movement for social change in Kenya through “Picha Mtaani” (Swahili for street exhibition). The photo exhibit aims to heal the scars of Kenyans and draw their attention to the dynamics of the violence to prevent a repeat during the upcoming elections of 2013.
Boniface founded Pawa254 as a collaborative hub where journalists, artists and activists could meet to find innovative ways of achieving social change. The hub has already had many functions, but two campaigns stand out. “Heal the Nation” is a very successful initiative to show a half-hour documentary about post-election violence to as many Kenyans as possible and facilitate discussions around the film. The campaign is accompanied by a more shadowy graffiti campaign that has evoked strong reactions and fired up the youth of Kenya and the world, as images of the clever graffiti grace the pages of the world’s newspapers.
In 2009 United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wrote a letter commending Boniface for his work during the post-election violence. She stated, "Your photography is absolutely stunning and tells an important and powerful story for the world to hear."
Boniface Mwangi | Speaker | TED.com